INDEX:

SR.NO CONTENT PAGE.

NO.
1 General objectives 02
2 Specific objectives 02
3 Introduction of menopause 03
4 Definition of menopause 03
5 Causes of menopause 04
6 Sign and symptoms of menopause 05
7 Phases of menopause 07
8 Treatment of menopause 10
9 HRT 12
10 Surgical treatment 14
11 Summary 15
12 Assignment 15
13 Bibliography 16

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 LESSON PLAN ON MANOPAUSE:

 Student name: Miss Ravina patel

 Name of the course: First year Msc. (N)
 Name of the subject: Midwifery and obstetrics nursing
 Name of the unit: 10
 Name of the topic: Menopause
 Class: Third year GNM
 Size of the class: 40
 Date and time: 15th January, 2019
 Vanue: Third year GNM classroom
 Method of teching: Lecture cum discussion
 Media of teaching: Powerpoint, blackboard, charts
 Name of evaluator: Miss Divya Rohit
 Designation: Associate professor, NCN, visnagar
 Previous knowledge of level: The student have previous knowledge about
the menopause.

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 Central objective:
 At the end of this topic student will be understand about the
Menopause.

 Specific objective:
 To explain about the introduction of the menopause.
 To explain about the definition of the menopause.
 To discuss about the causes of the menopause
 To discuss about the sign and symptoms of Menopause.
 To discuss about the phases of Menopause.
 To explain about the treatment of Menopause.
 To discuss about the HRT.
 To discuss about the surgical Menopause.

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SR.N TIME OBJECTIVES CONTENT TEACHER’ STUDENT’S EVALUATION
O S ACTIVITY
ACTIVITY
1 2 Introduction of INTRODUCTION: Discuss the Student listen What is the

minute menopause.  Menopause, also known as introduction the menopause?

the climacteric, is the time in most about the explaination.

women's lives when menstrual

periods stop permanently, and they are
no longer able to bear children
 Menopause typically occurs between
49 and 52 years of age.
 Medical professionals often define
menopause as having occurred when a
woman has not had any vaginal
bleeding for a year.
  It may also be defined by a decrease
in hormone production by the ovaries.
2 3 Definition of DEFINITION: ask the Answer the Define the

minute menopause.  Menopause is the permanent cessation question to question and menopause.
of menstruation at the end of the student listen the

reproductive life due to loss of ovarian explaination.

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 follicular activity.

3 5 Causes of the CAUSES: Write the key Answer the Which are the

minute menopause  Age point on the teacher causes of the

blackboard. question. menopause?
 Premature ovarian failure
 Surgical menopause
Asked the Listen the
question explaination.
about the
causes of Takes down
menopause the notes.
to the
student.

Explain the
causes of
menopause
to student
with the help
of
powerpoint.
4 5 Sign and  Menstrual cycling shorter Write the key Answer the Which are the

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 minute symptoms of  Irregular bleeding point on the teacher sign and
the menopause  Vaginal dryness blackboard. question. symptoms of the
 Painful intercourse menopause?
 Back pain Asked the Listen the
 Joint pain question explaination.
 Stiffness about the
 Dizziness Sign and Takes down
 Weight gain symptoms of the notes.
 Breast pain the
 Back pain menopause
 Urinary urgency the student.
 Headache
 Anxiety
 Irritability
 Mood changes

5 10 Phases of the The phases of menopause is usually Write the key Answer the Which are

minute menopause broken down into four categories:- point on the teacher phases of the
1. Pre-menopause: blackboard. question. menopause?

The broad definition of pre-menopause

is the time prior to menopause .The Asked the Listen the
question explaination.
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 occurrence of menopause before the about the

age of 40 years. Phases of the Takes down

menopause the notes.
2. Perimenopause:
to the
A period of women life characterized
student.
by the physiological changes associated
with the end of the reproduction
Explain the
capacity and terminating with the
Phases of the
completion of menopause.
menopause
3. Menopausal phase :
to student
It is the end of the menopause. The end
with the help
of menopause age between45-55 year,
of
averaging 50 year.
powerpoint.
4. Post menopausal:
It is defined formally as the time after
which a women has experienced
12consecutive month of amenorrhea
without period.

6 10 Treatment of  NON-HORMONAL TREATEMENT Write the key Answer the Discuss the

minute the menopause  There are variety of menopausal point on the teacher treatment of

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 treatments both natural and blackboard. question. menopause.
medical that can alleviate the Asked the
symptom of menopause: question Listen the
 Dressing in light layers can alleviate about the explaination.
hot flashes and night sweats; Treatment of
avoiding caffeine , alcohol and spicy the Takes down
foods can also minimize these menopause the notes.
symptoms. to the
 Menopause and weight gain tend to student.
go together due to life style
changes than to the hormonal Explain the
changes . Reducing dietary fat Treatment of
intake and regular exercise help to the
combat weight gain during menopause
menopause. to student
 Menopause can lead to osteoporosis with the help
. Calcium, magnesium and vitamin of
D can help restore bone density, powerpoint
which naturally deteriorates after and charts.
age 30 due to reduced estrogen
level.

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  Menopause decreases vaginal
elasticity, leading to vaginal
dryness . Vitamin E can help as can
kegal exercises which help restore
elasticity . Using water based
lubricants during sexual
intercourse also minimizes
discomfort related to vaginal
dryness.
 Menopause often lead to dry, itchy
skin, and weak thin hair that breaks
and that has lots of split ends . Flax
seed oil(found in poultry , dairy,
red meat and whole grains) can
help restore hair and skin’s healthy
appearance , as can vitamin E.
 Hormone Replacement Therapy
(HRT):
 is indicated in menopausal women
to overcome the short-term and
long- term consequences of

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 estrogen deficiency.HRT can be
administered orally( in pill
form),vaginally( as a cream),or
transdermally ( in patch form)
because it replaces female
hormones produced by the ovaries,
hormone replacement therapy
minimize menopause symptoms. It
can be used before, during and
after menopause.

7 Indication  Relief of menopausal symptoms Ask the Answer the Which are the

of HRT  Prevention of osteoporosis question. teacher indication of the

 To maintain the quality of life in question. HRT?
menopausal years. special group of Explain about
women to whom HRT the indication Listen the
should be of HRT. explaination.
 prescribed.
 Premature ovarian failure Takes down
 Gonadal dysgenesis the notes.
 Surgical or radiation menopause

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8 Types of  Estrogen and progesterone: The most Ask the Answer the Which are the

HRT common type of HRT involves both question. teacher types of the
estrogen and progesterone. More than 8 question. HRT?
million women are currently taking Explain about
combination HRT and it is designed the types of Listen the
specifically for women who have a the HRT. explaination.
uterus. During this therapy, estrogen is
given regularly while progesterone is Takes down
added in on a supplementary basis the notes.
These two hormones are given in
combination in order to prevent the
overgrowth of uterine lining . Estrogen
alone may irritate this lining which
could lead to endometrial cancer.
 Estrogen only: Estrogen therapy alone
is usually given to women who have lost
their uterus due to surgical menopause.
Because no uterus is present, the need
for progesterone is not as great.
 Progestin only: Progestin-only therapy

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 is not prescribed very often. Progestin
does seem to provide excellent relief for
women plagued with hot flashes.

9 Risk of HRT  Endometrial cancer: when estrogen is Ask the Answer the Which are the
given alone to a women with intact question. teacher risk of the HRT?
uterus, causes endometrial question.
proliferation , hyperplasia and Explain about
carcinoma. the risk of the Listen the
 Breast cancer: combined estrogen and HRT. explaination.
progestin replacement therapy,
increases the risk of breast cancer Takes down
slightly . the notes.
 Venous thromboembolic disease
(VTE): It has been found to be
increased with the use of combined
oral estrogen and progestin.
 Dementia, Alzheimer disease are
increased.
 Lipid metabolism: An increased
incidence of gallbladder disease has

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 been observed following ERT due to
rise in cholesterol (in bile).
10 5 Surgical SURGICAL MENOPAUSE: Ask the Answer the What is the

minute menopause  Surgical menopause is a type of induced question. teacher surgical

menopause in which both ovaries are question. menopause?

surgically removed. Surgical menopause Explain about

can occur at any age before natural the surgical Listen the

menopause occurs. The symptoms of menopause. explaination.

surgical menopause are generally more

intense than when menopause occurs Takes down

naturally. the notes.

 Induced menopause due to abrupt cut off

ovarian hormones, causes the sudden
onset of hot flashes and other
menopausal symptoms such as dry vagina
and a decline in sex drive.
 Hormonal therapy may be used to treat
the symptoms of induced menopause. It
stops or reduce the short-term changes of
menopause such as hot flashes, disturbed
sleep and vaginal dryness.

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 SUMMARY:

Menopause, also known as the climacteric, is the time in most women's lives

when menstrual periods stop permanently, and they are no longer able to bear
children. Menopause is the permanent cessation of menstruation at the end of
reproductive life due to loss of ovarian follicular activity. Menopause has the four
phases are premenopause, perimenopause, menopause and post menopause.
Menopause are treated by the Non hormonal, HRT, and surgical treatment.

ASSIGNMENT:

 Write down the Menopause and its treatment.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY:

1. Annamma Jocob. A Comprehensive Textbook Of Midwifery And Gynecological

Nursing: Menopause. Fourth Edition. New Delhi: Jaypee Brother Medical
Publisher (P) Ltd; 2015. Pp (661-666)
2. BT Basavanthappa. Essential Of Midwifery And Obstetrical Nursing: Menopause.
First Edition. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publisher (P) Ltd; 2011.
3. D.C. Dutta’s. Text Book Of Obstetrics: Menopause. Seventh Edition. New Delhi:
New Central Book Agency (P) Ltd; 2010. Pp (554-556)
4. Dr. Shally Magon. Sanju Sira. Textbook Of Midwifery And Obstetrical Nursing:
Menopause. Third Edition. New Delhi: Lotus Publisher; 2013.
5. Myles. Text Book For Midwives: Menopause. Fifth Edition. UK: Churchill
Livingstone Elsevier; 1964.
6. Nima Baskar. Midwifery And Obstetrical Nursing: Menopause. Seventh Edition.
Bangalore: EMMESS Medical Publisher; 2015.

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