Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Regional Office IX, Zamboanga Peninsula

11 Zest for Progress

Z Peal of artnership

Practical Research 1
Quarter 3 – Module 5:
Research Questions
Scope and Delimitation of Research
Benefits and Beneficiaries of the Study

Name of Learner: ___________________________

Grade & Section: ___________________________
Name of School: ___________________________
Practical Research 1
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 5: Stating Research Questions
Indicating Scope and Delimitation of Research
Citing Benefits and Beneficiaries of the Study

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Jocelyn E.Yu
Junilyn Samoya
Editor/QA: Dr. Judith C. Mustaham
Reviewers: Florenda H. Quinte, P.D.
Valeriafides G. Corteza, Ph.D.
Layout Artist: Jovie R. Cruz, MAEd
Management Team:
Roy C. Tuballa, EMD.JD.CESO VI
Jay S. Montealto, CESO VI
Norma T. Francisco, DM
Mildred D. Dayao, Ed.D.
Valeriafides G. Corteza, Ph.D.
Aida Coyme, Ed. D.

Printed
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Philippinesby ________________________
Department
Department of Education – Region
EducationRegion IX –IXZamboanga Peninsula
Office Address: ____________________________________________
Office Address: Pres. Corazon C. Aquino Regional Government
____________________________________________
Center, Balintawak, Pagadian City, Zamboanga del
Telefax: ____________________________________________
Sur Province 7016
E-mail Address:
Telefax: ____________________________________________
(062) 215-3753, 215-3751, 991-1907, 215-3789
E-mail Address: region9@deped.gov.ph
 What I Need to Know
It is essential to study the concepts and the process of writing research problems, scope
and delimitation, and the significance of the study. It enables you to learn the various facts,
contents, methods, processes, and guidelines and equip you with the right research writing
skills to produce effective research outputs.
This module is designed to understand the concepts and process of writing research
questions, scope and delimitation, and the significance of the study.
In this module, you are expected to;
a. write research questions;
b. state scope and delimitation of the study; and
c. cite the benefits and beneficiaries of the study.

What I Know
Directions: Choose and write the letter of the correct answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. For two consecutive semesters, teacher Tahil observed that almost half of his ICT class failed in his
subject. What research question can be asked to help Mr. Tahil?
a. What is the students' level of computer literacy?
b. Why did the students fail?
c. What are the strategies that Mr. Tahil used?
d. What intervention can Mr. Tahil employ to address the failing grades of his students?
2. Johnson and Mia are currently doing their research entitled "The Level of Receptive Vocabulary
among Senior High School Students" What is the best research question can you suggest to them?
a. What is the level of receptive vocabulary among Senior High School students?
b. What is receptive vocabulary?
c. What is the receptive vocabulary of the Senior High School students?
d. What intervention can be given to the students to develop their receptive vocabulary skills?
3. James and Junie are currently investigating the effect of online games on the academic
performance of Junior High School students. What research questions can be formulated
then?
a. What are the effects of online games on the academic performance of JHS students?
b. What are online games?
c. What online games affect the academic performance of the students?
d. What is the academic performance of the students?
4. Which of the following explains the topic, objective, locale, respondents, and time frame of the
study?
a. research design c. scope and delimitation
b. background of the study d. significance of the study
5. Which of the following is an element of the scope and delimitation?
a. theory b. beneficiary c. subject d. research tool

6. The following statements express the truth about the scope and delimitation except?
a. The scope indicates the findings of the study.
b. It indicates the place and subjects of the study.
c. It provides a rationale for delimiting the coverage of the study.
d. It should be concise and specific.
7. It is the boundary or scope of the research.

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 a- Introduction b-Hypothesis c- Sampling d-Delimitation
8. This section discusses the importance of the study to society, country, government,
institution, agency, and future researchers.
a-definition of terms b-significance of the study c-hypothesis d-respondents
9. In the study focusing on the effect of stress on the junior high school teachers' teaching performance, which of
the following beneficiaries can benefit the most?
a-PTA officers b-Students c-Teachers d-Barangay Constituents
10. In formulating the significance of the study, which of the following elements should be indicated?
a-operational definition b-questions c-importance of the study d-paradigm

Lesson
WRITING RESEARCH
1 QUESTIONS
What is a research question?
A research question poses a relationship but phrases the relationship as a question (Krathwohl,
1988, cited in Creswell 1994). It is often written in an interrogative form for quantitative research but
is usually expressed differently in qualitative research. Well-written research questions will lead to the
gathering of appropriate data and reliable results.
When writing a research question, write an opening sentence that entices the reader and
stimulates his or her interest to read about your research problem/question. Specify your research
questions. When constructing, remember the criteria for evaluating research questions. Indicate why
the problem and research questions are important. Situate your research questions in the broader
literature.

What's In

Directions: Identify the most specific and relevant research topic, which pertains to the given
situation. Choose and write only the letter of the correct answer.
1. The entire city gets easily flooded.
A-Corruption of School Leaders B-Flood Control Measures
C-How to improve Skills D-Fire Drills
2. The PTA officials are unskilled school leaders.
A-Child Abuse
B-Developing Leadership Skills of Officials
C-How to encourage the Officials to enroll in School
D- The Skills of Community Leaders
3. About 70 percent of the children in the barangay are malnourished.
A-Nutritious food that can be produced by the community
B-Teaching parents to feed their children
C- A multi-disciplinary approach against malnutrition.
4. Garbage is scattered around the campus.
A-Effective Garbage Management
B-Recycling Garbage
C-The town is all garbage.

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 5. Drug Addiction is increasing.
A-The Causes of Criminality
B- Drugs and Criminality
C- The Causes and Solution of Crime.

What's New

Directions: Write a research title for each of the given topics and formulate the main
objective and specific research question.
Topic 1: Bullying in Schools
Research Title:___________________________________________________________
Research Objective:_______________________________________________________
Research Questions:
________________________________________________________

Topic 2: Covid-19 and the Community in the New Normal

Research Title:___________________________________________________________
Research Objective:_______________________________________________________
Research Problem:
________________________________________________________

What Is It

What are the Characteristics of a research question?

1. It is clear and specific.
2. It is researchable.
3. It connects with established theory.
4. It links to the study.
5. It has an original contribution.
6. It is neither too broad nor too narrow.
EXAMPLE:
The study will focus on the lived experiences of Senior High School students in the new normal.
Specifically, it will answer the following research questions:
1. What are the lived experiences of the Senior High School students in the new normal?
2. What are the issues and problems experienced by the respondents?
3. How did the respondents manage or handle the issues and problems they experienced?

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 Lesson INDICATING SCOPE AND
DELIMITATION OF THE
2 STUDY
What is the scope and delimitation of the study?
The study's scope and delimitation are the two elements of research that specify the ideas of
what the researcher can or cannot do. The scope describes the study's coverage and explains what
information or subject is being analyzed. It explains the concept, subjects, population, and the timeline
of the conduct of the study. The scope can be large or small as there are different materials available
for different researches. Besides, it explains the extent to which the research area will be explored.
On the other hand, delimitation of the study refers to the characteristics that limit the scope and
describes the study's boundaries, such as the sample size, respondents who are excluded, and where the
study takes place. These delimitations might be imposed for practical reasons, such as lack of funds or
financial resources and time.
Why are the scope and delimitation important?
• It is important to narrow down a research topic and limit the scope of the study.
• It informs the reader about the limit or coverage of the study.
• It also identifies the constraints or weaknesses of research, which are not within the
research's control.
How to formulate the scope and delimitation of the study?
The basic steps in writing the scope of the study were emphasized by Henson and Soriano
(2016) as follows:
❖ Focus (subject matter/coverage/title)
❖ Locus (The place or location of the study)
❖ Modus (Mode or manner of data gathering)

What's In
Directions: Analyse the given scope and delimitation, then answer the questions that follow by
indicating a checkmark that corresponds to your response in the column.
The study's main focus is the lived experiences of the Grade 12 Shielded Metal Arc
Welding students (SMAW) in their work immersion. This qualitative study will be conducted at
Senior High School Stand Alone. It will be delimited to five grade 12 students. The participants
will be coded as Participant A, Participant B, Participant C, Participant D, and Participant E for
the school year 2020- 2021. Gathering of the data will be done through an interview using the
guide questions approved by a panel of experts. Furthermore, this study is the premise of the issues
and challenges the grade 12 SMAW students face in their work immersion.

Statement YES NO
1. Does the scope contain the components?
2. Is it clear, concise, and specific?
3. Is the topic emphasized?
4. Does it have a brief description of the
respondents?
5. Does it provide a target date of completion.

4
 What's New
Directions: Using the given scope and delimitation in the previous activity, answer the
questions that follow:
1. What is the topic? 4. What is the research design?
2. What is the main objective? 5. Where will the study be conducted?
3. Who are the respondents? 6. What is the timeline of the study?

What Is It
The study's scope and delimitation explain the extent to which the research area will be explored
and specifies the total population included in the study. It has elements or known as components.

Objective

Participant

Design Topic Locale

Time- Target
line populatio
n

Example
The main objective of this research is the lived experiences of the nurses specialized in the
Intensive Care Unit of the Hospital. This study will be conducted at ZD Hospital in Zamboanga city.
The study will be delimited to seven nurses specialized in the intensive care unit. The participants will
be coded as Participant A, Participant B, Participant C, Participant D, Participant E, Participant F, and
Participant G for 2020-2021. The gathering of the data will be done through an interview. Furthermore,
this study is premised on the Intensive Care Unit nurses' issues and challenges that will be completed
towards the end of 2021.
Focus: Lived Experience of nurses specialized in the Intensive Care Unit of the hospital
Locus: ZD Hospital in Zamboanga City
Modus: Nurses specialized in the Intensive Care Unit of the hospital will be interviewed.

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 Lesson CITING THE BENEFITS AND
3 BENEFICIARIES OF THE
STUDY
What is the significance of the study?
The significance of the study is the importance of your research. It must be stated in the
introduction of your research paper. It is sometimes called the rationale that provides details on what
and how the study will contribute and who will benefit from it.
To know the significance of any inquiry, the researcher must first consider what the research
rationale is. When you write it, you indicate the significance of your study. The better you can express
it, the stronger your research will be.
What are the Characteristics of the significance of the study?
• It implies the study's importance and describes what contribution the study will make
to the broad educational problems upon completion.
• It determines who will benefit from such findings and how the specific beneficiaries
can benefit from its findings.
• The study beneficiaries are experts concerned about the problem, the administrators or
policy-makers who make the decisions or implement programs, the subject themselves,
future researchers, and those directly or indirectly affected by the problem.
• It is arranged in sequence of importance from top to least.
How to cite the significance of the study?
The significance statement tells the reader why the study is important and describes how the
problem will be solved, and specifically pinpoints who will benefit from such findings or results.
However, if there are many beneficiaries, write the following:
1st Paragraph ………………………. why is it important to conduct
2nd Paragraph ………………………. main beneficiary
3rd Paragraph ……………………......second beneficiary
4th Paragraph ………………………...importance to the proponent/researcher
5th Paragraph ………………………...importance to the future researchers
NOTE: Arrange the beneficiaries in sequence from top to least.

What's In

Directions: Read and understand the given significance of the study and then answer the questions
that follow:

Significance of the Study

This study will determine the classroom management techniques rendered by the special
education teachers in SM Elementary School and to measure its effectiveness to the behaviors of
the children with special needs. This is significant because the following sectors can benefit from
its results:
Students. The direct recipients of the output of this research are children with special needs.
Any improvement of classroom management techniques can pave the way for producing better
learning and discipline to survive and thrive in society.
Parents. The research benefits the parents of children with special needs. As parents enrolled
their children in this institution, they come with self-assurance that their children are given more
education to make them functional individuals in society.

6
 Teachers. This study will be very beneficial to the SPED teachers and general education
teachers, especially to the teachers who are still a newbie in the teaching profession. Through this
research, teachers may purposely discover how classroom management is conducive to learning.
Curriculum Planner. This study may provide sound bases for the enrichment of the school
curricula to develop more effective classroom management methods and techniques. This could
provide baseline data on the evaluation of curriculum development.
Future Researchers. This study could provide direction to researchers who intend to
conduct a similar study. Moreover, the result of this study could lend support to some of the
findings of their studies.

What's New

Directions: Analyse the given research objective and specific questions and then complete
the given activity below by indicating the possible beneficiaries from top to least important
order with a short explanation/reasons.

The study's main objective is to determine the

problems encountered by the Senior High School
teachers and students in the new normal.
Specifically, it will answer the following
problems:
1. What are the problems encountered by the
respondents?
2. What are the coping mechanisms employed by
the respondents?

Beneficiary 1:
Explanation:

Beneficiary 2
Explanation:

Beneficiary 3
Explanation:

Beneficiary 4
Explanation:

Beneficiary 5
Explanation:

7
 What Is It

Tips in Writing the Significance of the Study

Ruben et al. (2016) enumerated the following tips in writing the significance of the study:
1. Refer to the statement of the problem. Your problem statement can guide you in identifying
the specific contribution of your study. You can do this by observing a one-to-one
correspondence between the problem's statement and the significance of the study.
2. Write from general to specific. Write the study's significance by looking into the general
contribution of your study, such as its importance to society as a whole, then to the individuals
which may include yourself as a researcher.
Example: Significance of the Study
This research work will determine the development of teaching modules suited for freshman
non-science students. This endeavor is vital to the following:
Teachers. The results of this study can provide suggestions about approaches that can be used
by teachers with the intent of increasing the active involvement of students in their learning.
Students. It enables the students to have easy expression as they progress on their learning. In
this manner, metacognition provides personal insights into one's thinking and fosters independent
learning.
Curriculum Planners. For the curriculum planners, this material may provide sound bases for
enriching the school curricula to develop more effective methods and techniques in teaching the
subjects. This could provide baseline data on the evaluation of curriculum development.
Educators. This will provide educators with an approach to enhancing the performance of the
students.
Future Researchers. This study will provide direction to researchers who intend to conduct a
similar study. Moreover, the result of this study could support some of the findings of their studies.

8
 What's More

Activity 1: CROSSWORD PUZZLE

Directions: Find the ten words related to the lessons discussed. Write the words
on your answer sheets.
A S D F H J K I T S L K O B
C B E N E F I T S E E I W E
R C L A D F J E L O S T E N
Q E I P Q U E S T I O N O E
E N M I U S X E W E A K I F
R E I M A I S T O P I C T I
T S T U D Y D O B K C W E C
Y O A T T E A C J R S D R I
U S T A L O C E E V O S M A
I S I G N I F I C A N C E R
O T O R A C D Y T L I O O I
P I N A V H V E I I A P P E
E B C E C A R A V D T E N S
N V D O O R E S E A R C H T

What I Have Learned

When stating the research question, you have to:
• write an opening sentence that entices the reader and stimulates his or her
interest to read;
• specify the problem leading to the study;
• specify the research questions;
• remember the criteria for evaluating research questions; and
• situate the research questions in the broader literature.
When indicating the scope and delimitation of the study, you follow the basic steps:
• Focus covers the subject matter/coverage.
• Locus covers the place or location of the study.
• Modus covers the mode or manner of data gathering.
When citing the significance of the study, you:
• refer to the statement of the problem;
• write from general to specific order;
• cite specific beneficiaries such as those experts concerned about the
the problem, the administrators or policy-makers, the subjects themselves,
future researchers and those who are directly or indirectly affected by the
problem.

9
 What I Can Do

Directions: Based on the given research titles, choose one and write the main objective,
specific questions, scope and delimitation, and the significance of the study.
RESEARCH TITLES:
A- STUDY INTEREST AMONG SENIOR HIGH STUDENTS
B- PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT AMONG GRADE 7 STUDENTS
C- CHALLENGES EXPERIENCED DURING WORK IMMERSION AMONG TVL
STUDENTS
Research Objective:
Specific Questions:
1._______________________________________________________________________
2._______________________________________________________________________
3._______________________________________________________________________
Scope and Delimitation of the Study:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Significance of the Study:
Introduction______________________________________________________________
1st Beneficiary____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2nd _____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
3rd _____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

10
 Assessment
Directions: Choose and write the letter of the correct answer on your answer
sheets.
1. Which of the following specifies the number of participants in the study?
A. Scope C. Scope and Delimitation
B. Delimitation D. All of the above
2. Which of the following statements is true?
A. It is not important to narrow down a research topic.
B. The coverage of the research should not be informed to the reader.
C. The scope and delimitation identify the findings of the research.
D. The scope and delimitation identify the weaknesses of a research.
3. Maria conducted her research in Sta. Cruz Island. What does this statement refer?
A. It refers to the title of the research.
B. It refers to the strength of the research.
C. It refers to the weakness of the research.
D. It refers to the location of the research.
4. Hannah chose five participants out of 50 target population. What does this statement refer?
A. It refers to the focus of research.
B. It refers to the locus of research.
C. It refers to the timeline of research.
D. It refers to the delimitation of research.
5. The following are the characteristics of delimitation of the study except,
A. number of participants
B. time frame
C. availability of funds
D. coverage of the study
6. The following are the characteristics of the scope of the study except,
A. It explains what and what not the researcher can do.
B. The number of participants or respondents is specified.
C. The boundaries set for the study.
D. It specifies the location of the study.
7. The following are examples of delimitation of the study except,
A. Time frame
B. The number of participants or respondents
C. The location of the study
D. The coverage of the study
8. Which of the following statements is true?
I. Delimitations of the study are choice made by the researcher.
II. The scope specifies the concept and number of participants
III. The scope and delimitations specify what the researcher can do only.
IV. The scope and delimitations describe what the researcher can do or cannot.
A. I B. I, IV C. I,II,IV D. I, II
9. Which of the following statements are true?
I. Delimitations in the study describe the boundaries set for the study.
II. In qualitative research, the researcher can have unlimited participants.
III. The time frame of the study may be removed in the research title.
IV. The location of the study may not be cited in the scope and delimitations.
A. I, IV B. I C. II, III D. I, II

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 For question number 10, refer to the sample of the scope and delimitations of the study below.
This study will focus on the Challenges and Experiences of Medical Front liners. It will be
delimited to 5 participants. The participants will be coded as participants A, B, C, and respectively. The
gathering of the data will be done through an interview using the guide questions approved by the
research teacher.
10. Which of the following features of the scope of the study is not clearly stated on the given
sample above?
A. Locus
B. Focus
C. Modus
D. Locus and Modus

Additional Activities
ACTIVITY A
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer and write on a separate sheet of paper.

1. It is the study's main purpose or goal that corresponds to some of the specific research
problems.
A-research objective B-hypothesis C-definition of terms D-related studies
2. The statement of the problem contains the
A-conceptual and operational definition B-objective and theory
C-problems and instrument D-main objective and specific questions
3. The specific problems can be easily constructed if a researcher has his main
A-instrument B-research locale C- objective D-theory
4. This section describes the place where the study was conducted and the rationale behind its
choice.
A-research locale B-research respondents
C-conceptual framework D-sampling design
5. This section provides the type, number, and other descriptions of the subjects.
A-research locale B-research respondents
C-conceptual framework D-sampling design

ACTIVITY B
Directions: Select and evaluate the formulated research questions of the following researches.
Choose the letter of the correct answer and write on a separate sheet of paper.

6. Almost one-fourth of the students in the 21st Century Philippine literature class of Ms.
Maureen are foreign students. Due to this, she had difficulty making them read and
comprehend literary pieces since most of them are not fluent in the Filipino language. Which
of the formulated research questions below can be asked to help Ms. Maureen in her
experimental study?
Research Question 1: What strategies will help the students improve their comprehension of
the literary pieces?
Research Question 2: Does the use of metacognitive strategies help improve the reading
skills and comprehension of foreign students?

12
 a. Research question 1 because it is clear though the target group is not explicitly
mentioned.
b. Research question 1 because it may suffice to a descriptive research type.
c. Research question 2 because it is clear, specific, and took into consideration the target
participants.
d. Research question 2 because it's quite clear and indicated some of the variables to be
studied

7. Ms. Delos Reyes is the principal of Gamogamo National High School. She would like to
address the low Phil-IRI performance of the students. How can we help her? What is
appropriate research question can be raised?
Research Question 1: What are the factors that affect the student's low performance in Phil-
IRI?
Research Question2: Does using an intervention program help enhance the student's
performance?
a. Research question 1 because it seeks to find the factors that affect most of the study
respondents to devise an intervention to enhance their performance.
b. Research question 1 because it's quite clear and focuses only on the factors.
c. Research question 2 because it mentions an intervention program.
d. Research question 2 because it aims in finding the right program to enhance the
students' target performance

13
 Answer Key

10. A C 5. B 5. 10. C C 5.
9. A D 4. A 4. 9. B C 4.
8. C D 3. C 3. 8. B D 3.
7. D D 2. 7. B D 2. 7. D A 2.
6. C C 1. 6. A A 1. 6. A A 1.

Assessment Additional Activity What I Know

References
Melegrito, Ma. Lourdes F, and Diana J Mendoza. "Research and Importance of Research.". In
Applied Research: An Introduction to Qualitative Research Methods and Report Writing,
1–9. The Padayon Series. Quezon City, Philippines: Phoenix Publishing House Inc.,
2016.
Ronald M. Henson, Robert F. Soriano Practical Research 1 (Qualitative) World of Reality
Dissections, Mutya Publishing House, Inc. Philippines, 2016,74-75

Ruben E.Faltado, Medardo B. Bombita, Helen B.Boholano, Angeline M. Pogoy. Practical

Research 2 (Quantitative Research for SHS).Lorimar Publishing, Inc., 21-22

Source: "Scope and Delimitation," accessed July 15, 2020.

https://thesisnotes.com/thesis-writing/scope-and-delimitations/

Source: "Scope and Delimitation of the Study," accessed July 15, 2020.
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.editage.com/insights/what-meaning-scope-and-
delimitations-study%3famp

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Jocelyn E.Yu
Junilyn Samoya
Editor/QA: Dr. Judith C. Mustaham
Reviewers: Florenda H. Quinte, P.D.
Valeriafides G. Corteza, Ph.D.
Layout Artist: Jovie R. Cruz, MAEd
Management Team:
Roy C. Tuballa, EMD.JD.CESO VI
Jay S. Montealto, CESO VI
Norma T. Francisco, DM
Mildred D. Dayao, Ed.D.
Valeriafides G. Corteza, Ph.D.
Aida Coyme, Ed. D.

14