Economics Library

2009-08-19/EMJ

Examples of how to cite and how to make a reference list according to Author-Date-Systems
(e.g. Harvard)

Citations and Reference list

When you refer to, or quote, the work of other people in your own work this is a citation; you are citing someone
else’s ideas.

A citation in your text must always be immediately followed by some details about the source you have used.
These details help the reader to locate the source. You must enter the author’s name and year of the publication
into your text within, or directly after the citation. Reference list items are listed alphabetically at the end of the
work.

Books

Please note that you use the information from the title page and the reverse of
the title page!

Single author
Reference List Example
Dicken, Peter. (2007) Global shift : mapping the changing contours of the world economy. London: SAGE.
In-Text Example
“Quotation...” (Dicken 2007, p.80) OR …according to Dicken (2007) …

Two or three authors

Reference List Example
Valge, Jack., Estam, Jüry & Kuslap, Ann. (2006) Breaking away from Russia : economic stabilization in
Estonia 1918-1924. Stockholm: Acta Universitatis Stockholmiensis : Almqvist & Wiksell International.
In-Text Example write page number
(Valge, Estam & Kuslap 2006)

More than three authors

Reference List Example
Banks, Jerry., et al. (2007) RFID applied. Hoboken N.J.: John Wiley & Sons.
In-Text Example write page number
(Banks et al. 2007)

Corporate (editor or editors, eds.) or Organization author

Reference List Example
Mathieu, Philippe., Beaufils, Bruno & Brandouy, Oliver. (eds.). (2006) Artificial economics : agent based
methods in finance, game theory and their applications. Berlin: Springer.
In-Text Example
(Mathieu, Beaufils & Brandouy 2006)

Book section
Reference List Example
Kyle, David & Liang, Zai. (2001) Migration merchants: human smuggling from Ecuador and China to the
United States. In Guiraudon, Virgine & Joppke,Christian. (eds.) Controlling a new migration world. London:
Routledge, pp. 200-221.
In-Text Example
(Kyle & Liang 2001 pp. 200-221)
Economics Library
2009-08-19/EMJ

Articles

Journal (single author)

Reference List Example
Brennan, Linda L. (2006) Operations management for engineering consulting firms: A case study. Journal of
Management in Engineering, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 98-107.
In-Text Example
(Brennan 2006)

Journal (two authors)

Reference List Example
Bird, Frederick & Smucker, Joseph. (2007) The social responsibilities of international business firms in
developing areas. Journal of Business Ethics, vol. 73, no. 1, pp. 1-9.
In-Text Example
(Bird & Smucker 2007)

Newspaper article
Reference List Example
Simon, Bernard. (2007) Volvo offers a reality check for Ford. Financial Times, July 18.
In-Text Example
In an article on Volvo (Simon 2007) one discuss…

Note: if the newspaper article does not have an author then provide details as an in-text citation only, Not in the
Reference List.
For example: Financial Times (July 16, p.1, 2007) states…

Electronic and Internet resources

Electronic Book
Reference List Example
Stevens, James. (2002) Applied multivariate statistics for the social sciences . Mahwa, N.J: Lawrence Erlbaum
Associates. http://www.netlibrary.com (Accessed August 11, 2009)
In-Text Example
(Stevens 2002)

Electronic journal or Newspaper Article

Reference List Example
Herd, Richard & Doughurty, Sean. (2007) Growth prospects in China and India compared. The European
Journal of Comparative Economics, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 65-89. http://eaces.liuc.it/ (Accessed August 11, 2009)
In-Text Example
(Herd & Doughurty 2007)

Web Site
Reference List Example
United Nations. (2008) UN Millenium Development Goals. http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/
(Accessed August 11, 2009)

See some useful links on the following web pages:

http://www.ub.gu.se/amnen/citering/
http://www.ub.gu.se/amnen/plagiering/