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Thorax and Lungs
Thorax and Lungs
Anatomy and Physiology amount, appearance, color, odor & viscosity (watery vs.
thick)
6. Wheezing or tightness in chest
7. Change in functional ability
GENERAL APPERANCE
•Body positioning & posture – relaxed &
upright, oriented to time, place & person.
•Observe for purse lip breathing & nasal
flaring.
•Evaluate level of consciousness – alert,
cooperative, skin color
•Chest movements, no cough or sputum,
audible sounds, RR, oxygen saturation
POSTERIOR CHEST
•INSPECTION
•Chest expansion
•Use of accessory muscles
•Supraclavicular or intercostal retractions
during respirations.
•PALPATION
•Tender areas, lumps. Lesions, masses,
crepitus.
•Chest expansion
•Tactile fremitus - ↑(denser or inflamed
lung tissue){PNA}
↓ (air or fluid in the pleural spaces or a
SUBJECTIVE DATA COLLECTION decrease in lung tissue density)
{COPD}.
Past Medical History
Dx with respiratory dse., when it occurs, treatment, Decreased fremitus = pleural effusion,
outcomes, allergies, TB ,skintest,influenza/pneumococcal thickened chest wall, Pnuemothorax,
vaccine. emphysema
Increased fremitus= consolidation of
Lifestyle and Personal habits lung tissue, pneumonia, tumor, fibrosis
Smoking, smoke exposure, inhaled recreational drugs, Crepitus = crackling sensation over skin
environmental exposure (dust, etc.) surface = SQ emphysema
Chest Expansion
Tactile Fremitus
•PERCUSSION
Lung resonant (dullness)
•AUSCULTATE
Lung sounds (egophony, bronchophony,
or whispered pectoriloquy)
Flail Chest: fractured segment will sink into the chest with
inspiration and expand out of the chest wall with expiration
opposite to the normal chest wall mechanics