NAME Madelyn Korshoff DATE 2/16/21 CLASS 2B     

Review Questions
Directions: Read each main idea and answer the questions below. Refer to your Ch. 4
Reading to write your answer. Click on the gray boxes to begin typing your answers.

• Main Idea: Socialization is the cultural process of learning how to participate in group life.
• How does the term cultural transmission relate to the idea of socialization? (p. 27)
 Cultural tramsmission is the learning of a culture, and socialization is the process of learning how
to participate in group life concerning culture. Cultural transmission relates to this idea in the
sense that both accomodate you to your cultural surroundings.    
• What did the Harlows’ experiments suggest about the importance of human
social contact? (p. 27)
This study suggests that normal interaction is needed in order to develop properly.
Isolation leads to rejection in the social setting.     

• Main Idea: The cases of Anna, Isabelle, and Genie underscore the importance of social contact for
human development.
• How did Anna’s abilities change once she could interact with
others at the country home and then the school for learning
disabled children? (p. 28)
  When she was put into that social setting, she was able to
most of the basic functions of life, like being able to eat on your
own, brush your own teeth, and dress yoursslf.   
• How would you summarize the “lesson” that these three cases
illustrate? (p. 28)
That with interaction, care, rehabilitation and routine, when
underdeveloped, you can develop and learn at an accelerated
pace.     

Review Questions
Directions: Read the Ch. 4 Reading and complete the outline below. Remember,
paraphrasing or summary may be necessary---sentences may not line up directly
with the reading.

I. The Functionalist and Conflict Perspectives on Socialization

• Functionalism focuses on the ways in which groups work together to make society stable and to
maintain social institutions (p. 29)

• The conflict perspective agrees that socialization is a stabilizing force, but in a negative way: It
keeps people from challenging the status quo, the existing       system, or their position in life.
(p. 29)

II. Symbolic Interactionism and Socialization

• According to symbolic interactionism, at the imitation stage, the child acts as he or she
 thinks one other person would. Later, at the
play stage, the child can imagine the words and actions of several people at once. (p. 30)
• As a child learns that certain behavior is not just an offense to a significant other but
wrong in principle, a generalized other emerges. (p. 30)
• According to symbolic interactionism, the “me ” is the socialized, conforming part of the
self; the “i” is the part of the self that is unpredictable, spontaneous, and creative. (p. 30)

Review Questions
Directions: Read each main idea. Refer to the Ch. 4 Reading to supply the details that support or
explain each main idea. Click on the gray boxes to begin typing your answers.
• Main Idea: In the United States, the family is a child’s first and most essential agent of
socialization.

• Detail: From his or her family, a child learns how to think  and speak; internalizes norms, belief,
and values; develops some basic attitudes and a capacity for personal relationships ; and acquires
a self-image. (p. 31)
• Main Idea: Religion has a far-reaching socializing influence.

• Detail: Religion influences even those who do not attend religious services, but
it has the strongest influence on those who do. (p. 31)

• Main Idea: Schools do much to socialize children.

• Detail: The term hidden curriculum refers to the informal, unofficial aspects of
culture  that children learn in school. (p. 32)

• Main Idea: Socialization occurs as children interact with their peers.

• Detail: A child may belong to several peer groups, but each peer group consists of individuals who
are about the same age and who share a similar interests. (p. 32)

• Detail: From interaction with their peers, children participate in give-and-take relationships, learn
to grow more self-sufficiency, and develop close ties outside of the family. (p. 32)

• Main Idea: The mass media expose children to role models and societal
values.

• Detail: Children benefit when they imitate positive role models and take on the positive societal
integration presented on television, in books and movies, and so on. (p. 32)
Review Questions
Directions: Locate each heading below in your Ch. 4 Reading. Then use the information under the
correct heading and subheading to help you write each answer. Click on the gray boxes to type your
answers.

I. Childhood and Adolescence

A. How did adolescence emerge as a distinct stage of the life cycle? (p. 33)

 The biological changes in this stage are what helped it emerge as a distinct stage in the life cycle.
with puberty, increased decision making and the paradox of being neither dependent or
independent.    

B. What physiological and psychological changes do adolescents experience? (p. 33)

    Adolescents changes in hormones with puberty, which results in changes to their body.

Increased decision making and the paradox of being neither dependent or independent

II. Adulthood and Old Age

A. Who would be considered a “transitional adult”, and what rites of passage usually accompany
this life stage?(p. 34)

People aged 18-29 is considered traditional adulthood, and the "rites of passage". are courtship,
marriage or parenthood.     

III. Death and Dying

A. According to Elisabeth Kubler-Ross, how do the dying come to accept their fate? (p. 34)

 They go through the 5 stages of grief, denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance.
    

Review Questions
Directions: Read the Ch. 4 Reading and complete the outline below. Paraphrasing and/or summary
may be required for filling in the blanks.

I. Desocialization and Resocialization

A. The purpose of total institutions is to manipulate and permanently change their residents by
having them shed their past identities and adopt new ones. (p. 35)

B. In the step known as desocialization, those in charge use various methods (such as taking away
personal items and requiring the wearing of uniforms) to break down a person’s past individual
and sense of uniqueness. (p. 35)

C. Then, in resocialization, those in charge use a system of rewards and punishments to encourage
residents to take on a new self-concept by adopting and conforming to new norms, values,
attitudes, and behaviors. (p. 35)

II. Anticipatory Socialization

A. Anticipatory socialization takes place when people prepare (ahead of time) to accept new
norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors. (p. 35)

B. Anticipatory socialization often occurs because people soon will be making a transition into a
new stage of their lives and want to fit in with the people who already are there. (p. 35)