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ALL Cisco 111 - Study Guide
ALL Cisco 111 - Study Guide
ALL Cisco 111 - Study Guide
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RAM permanently stores the configuration file used during the boot sequence.
Which interfaces in the exhibit could be used for a leased line WAN connection? (Choose two.)
1
2
3
4
5
6
If a router cannot find a valid configuration file during the startup sequence, what will occur?
The startup sequence will reset.
The router will prompt the user for a response to enter setup mode.
The startup sequence will halt until a valid configuration file is acquired.
The router will generate a default configuration file based on the last valid configuration.
The router will monitor local traffic to determine routing protocol configuration requirements.
Which of the following is the correct flow of routines for a router startup?
load bootstrap, load IOS, apply configuration
load bootstrap, apply configuration, load IOS
load IOS, load bootstrap, apply configuration, check hardware
check hardware, apply configuration, load bootstrap, load IOS
What is the default sequence for loading the configuration file?
NVRAM, FLASH, ROM
FLASH, TFTP,CONSOLE
NVRAM, TFTP, CONSOLE
FLASH, TFTP, ROM
From what location can a router load the Cisco IOS during the boot process? (Choose two.)
RAM
TFTP server
NVRAM
setup routine
Flash memory
terminal
What three processes does a router execute when it receives a packet from one network that is destined for another
network? (Choose three.)
decapsulates the Layer 3 packet by stripping off the Layer 2 frame header
uses the destination MAC Address in the IP Header to look up the next-hop address in the routing table
leaves the Layer 2 frame header intact when decapsulating the Layer 3 packet
uses the destination IP Address in the IP header to look up the next-hop address in the routing table
encapsulates the Layer 3 packet into the new Layer 2 frame and forwards it out the exit interface
encapsulates the Layer 3 packet into a special Layer 1 frame and forwards it to the exit interface
The network administrator needs to connect two routers directly via their FastEthernet ports. What cable should the network
administrator use?
straight-through
rollover
cross-over
serial
Refer to the exhibit. What can be concluded from the output of the running-configuration of a router?
The passwords are encrypted.
The current configuration was saved to NVRAM.
The configuration that is shown will be the one used on the next reboot.
The commands that are displayed determine the current operation of the router.
Load balancing occurs when the same number of packets are sent over static and dynamic routes.
Load balancing allows a router to forward packets over multiple paths to the same destination network.
Unequal cost load balancing is supported by EIGRP.
If multiple paths with different metrics to a destinations exist, the router cannot support load balancing.
Refer to the exhibit. What can be concluded from the routing table output in the exhibit? (Choose two.)
This router only has two interfaces.
The router interfaces are not operational yet.
This router is configured to forward packets to remote networks.
The FastEthernet0/0 and Serial0/0/0 interfaces of this router were configured with an IP address and the no shutdown
command.
An IP packet received by this router with a destination address of 198.18.8.2 will be forwarded out of the Serial0/0/0
interface.
The serial connection shown in the graphic needs to be configured. Which configuration commands must be made on the Sydney ro
to establish connectivity with the Melbourne site? (Choose three.)
Sydney(config-if)# ip address 201.100.53.2 255.255.255.0
Sydney(config-if)# no shutdown
Passwords can be used to restrict access to all or parts of the Cisco IOS. Select the modes and interfaces that can be
protected with passwords. (Choose three.)
VTY interface
console interface
Ethernet interface
secret EXEC mode
Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator has configured the router with the interface IP addresses shown for the directly
connected networks. Pings from the router to hosts on the connected networks or pings between router interfaces are not
working. What is the most likely problem?
The destination networks do not exist.
The IP addresses on the router interfaces must be configured as network addresses and not host addresses.
The interfaces must be enabled with the no shutdown command.
Each interface must be configured with the clock rate command.
A network administrator has just entered new configurations into Router1. Which command should be executed to save
configuration changes to NVRAM?
Router1# copy running-config flash
What header address information does a router change in the information it receives from an attached Ethernet interface
before information is transmitted out another interface?
only the Layer 2 source address
only the Layer 2 destination address
only the Layer 3 source address
only the Layer 3 destination address
the Layer 2 source and destination address
the Layer 3 source and destination address
Refer to the exhibit. Host A pings host B. When R4 accepts the ping into the Ethernet interface, what two pieces of header
information are included? (Choose two.)
source IP address: 192.168.10.129
source IP address: BBBB.3333.5677
Refer to the exhibit. After host 2 is connected to the switch on the LAN, host 2 is unable to communicate with host 1. What is
the cause of this problem?
The subnet mask of host 2 is incorrect.
The output of the Router# show interfaces serial 0/1 command displays the following:
Serial0/1 is up, line protocol is down.
What is the most likely cause for the line protocol being down?
Serial0/1 is shutdown.
There is no cable connecting the routers.
The remote router is using serial 0/0.
No clock rate has been set.
172.16.0.0 255.255.255.248
172.16.0.0 255.255.252.0
Refer to the exhibit. How will packets destined to the 172.16.0.0 network be forwarded?
Router1 will perform recursive lookup and packet will exit S0/0.
Router1 will perform recursive lookup and packet will exit S0/1.
There is no matching interface associated with network 172.16.0.0 so packets will be dropped.
There is no matching interface associated with network 172.16.0.0 so packets will take gateway of last resort and exit
out S0/2.
A static route that points to the next hop IP will have what administrative distance and metric in the routing table?
administrative distance of 0 and metric of 0
Hosts on two separate subnets cannot communicate. The network administrator suspects a missing route in one of the
routing tables. Which three commands can be used to help troubleshoot Layer 3 connectivity issues? (Choose three.)
ping
show arp
traceroute
show ip route
show controllers
show cdp neighbor
Refer to the exhibit. Which static route should be configured on Router1 so that host A will be able to reach host B on the
172.16.0.0 network?
ip route 192.168.0.0 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0
ip route 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 192.168.0.1
Which of the following are displayed by the Router# show cdp neighbors command? (Choose three.)
load
platform
reliability
holdtime
local interface
Why is it advisable to enter a next-hop IP address when creating a static route whose exit interface is an Ethernet network?
Adding the next-hop address eliminates the need for the router to do any lookups in the routing table before forwarding
a packet.
In a multi-access network, the router cannot determine the next-hop MAC address for the Ethernet frame without a next-
hop address.
Using a next-hop address in a static route provides a route with a lower metric.
In multi-access networks, using a next-hop address in a static route makes that route a candidate default route.
Refer to the exhibit. Which set of commands will configure static routes that will allow the WinterPark and the Altamonte
routers to deliver packets from each LAN and direct all other traffic to the Internet?
WinterPark(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.146.1
Altamonte(config)# ip route 10.0.234.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.146.2
Altamonte(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0/1
WinterPark(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.146.1
Altamonte(config)# ip route 10.0.234.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.146.2
Altamonte(config)# ip route 198.18.222.0 255.255.255.255 s0/1
WinterPark(config)# ip route 172.191.67.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.146.1
WinterPark(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.146.1
Altamonte(config)# ip route 10.0.234.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.146.2
WinterPark(config)# ip route 172.191.67.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.146.1
Altamonte(config)# ip route 10.0.234.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.146.2
Altamonte(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0/0
What happens to a static route entry in a routing table when the outgoing interface is not available?
The route is removed from the table.
The router redirects the static route to compensate for the loss of the next hop device.
Refer to the exhibit. Given the output in the exhibit, how would a clock rate be determined for this link?
The rate would be negotiated by both routers.
A rate would not be selected due to the DCE/DTE connection mismatch.
The rate configured on the DTE determines the clock rate.
Interface IP address
What two devices are responsible for converting the data from the WAN service provider into a form acceptable by the
router? (Choose two).
the serial port of the router
a modem
a switch
the ethernet port of the router
a CSU/DSU device
a DTE device
Refer to the exhibit. What two commands are required to provide connectivity between the 192.168.1.0 and 10.0.0.0
networks without requiring recursive lookup? (Choose two.)
A(config)# ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 s 0/1/0
A(config)# ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 172.16.40.2
A (config)# ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 s 0/0/0
B(config)# ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 s 0/0/0
B (config)# ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.40.1
B(config)# ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 s 0/1/0
A router has one static route configured to each destination network. Which two scenarios would require an administrator to
alter the static routes that are configured on that router? (Choose two.)
The destination network no longer exists.
The destination network is moved to a different interface on the same router.
The path between the source and destination is upgraded with a higher bandwidth link.
The remote destination network interface has to be down for 15 minutes of maintenance.
A topology change occurs where the existing next-hop address or exit interface is not accessible.
network administrator enters the following command into Router1: ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 S0/1/0. Router1 then
receives a packet that is destined for 192.168.0.22/24. After finding the recently configured static route in the routing table,
what does Router1 do next to process the packet?
drops the packet because the destination host is not listed in the routing table
looks up the MAC address of the S0/1/0 interface to determine the destination MAC address of the new frame
performs a recursive lookup for the IP address of the S0/1/0 interface before forwarding the packet
encapsulates the packet into a frame for the WAN link and forwards the packet out the S0/1/0 interface
Refer to the exhibit. A company network engineer is assigned to establish connectivity between the two Ethernet networks so
that hosts on the 10.1.1.0/24 subnet can contact hosts on the 10.1.2.0/24 subnet. The engineer has been told to use only
static routing for these company routers. Which set of commands will establish connectivity between the two Ethernet
networks?
R1(config)# ip route 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.1
R2(config)# ip route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.2
R1(config)# ip route 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.2
R2(config)# ip route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.1
R1(config)# ip route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.2
R2(config)# ip route 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.1
R1(config)# ip route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.1
R2(config)# ip route 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.2
R1(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.2.1
R2(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.1.1
Refer to the exhibit. What is the significance of the /8 in the route to the 10.0.0.0 network?
It indicates that there are 8 hops between this router and the 10.0.0.0 network.
It represents the time, in milliseconds, it takes for a ping to reply when sent to the 10.0.0.0 network.
It indicates that there are 8 subnets in the destination network to which the router can forward packets.
It indicates the number of consecutive bits, from the left, in the destination IP address of a packet that must match
10.0.0.0 to use that route.
Refer to the exhibit. What two commands will change the next-hop address for the 10.0.0.0/8 network from 172.16.40.2 to
192.168.1.2? (Choose two.)
A(config)# no network 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 172.16.40.2
A(config)# no ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 172.16.40.2
It operates at the network layer and allows two systems to learn about each other.
It creates a topology map of the entire network.
It allows systems to learn about each other even if different network layer protocols are configured.
It forwards advertisements about routes for faster convergence.
Which of the following is true regarding CDP and the graphic shown?
CDP running on Router D will gather information about routers A, B, C, and E.
If routers D and E are running different routing protocols, they will not exchange CDP information.
Router E can use CDP to identify the IOS running on Router B.
Which two statements correctly describe the concepts of administrative distance and metric? (Choose two.)
Administrative distance refers to the trustworthiness of a particular route.
The value of the administrative distance can not be altered by the network administrator.
Routes with the smallest metric to a destination indicate the best path.
Refer to the exhibit. Which statement correctly describes how R1 will determine the best path to R2?
R1 will install a RIP route using network A in its routing table because the administrative distance of RIP is
higher than EIGRP.
R1 will install a RIP route using network A in its routing table because the path cost from RIP is lower than
EIGRP.
R1 will install an EIGRP route using network B in its routing table because the administrative distance of
EIGRP is lower than RIP.
R1 will install an EIGRP route using network B in its routing table because the path cost from EIGRP is
lower than RIP.
R1 will install an EIGRP route and a RIP route in its routing table and load balance between them.
Which two statements are true regarding classless routing protocols? (Choose two.)
sends subnet mask information in routing updates
Which command would the network administrator issue to determine if load balancing is in effect on a router?
show ip protocols
show ip route
show ip interface brief
show ip interface
Which two conditions would create a setting where the use of a distance-vector routing protocol would be efficient? (Choose
two.)
the network requires a special hierarchical design
It provides a procedure for encoding and decoding data into bits for packet forwarding.
Which of the following best describes the operation of distance vector routing protocols?
They use hop count as their only metric.
They only send out updates when a new network is added.
They send their routing tables to directly connected neighbors.
They flood the entire network with routing updates.
When multiple routing protocols have a route to the same destination network, what determines which route is installed in the
routing table?
best metric
Why is fast convergence desirable in networks that use dynamic routing protocols?
Routers will not allow packets to be forwarded until the network has converged.
Hosts are unable to access their gateway until the network has converged.
Routers may make incorrect forwarding decisions until the network has converged.
Routers will not allow configuration changes to be made until the network has converged.
Which of the following conditions must be met in order for a network to have converged?
The routers in the network are operating with dynamic routing protocols.
The routers in the network are operating with compatible versions of IOS.
The routers in the network are operating with the same routing tables.
The routers in the network are operating with consistent routing knowledge.
Which two statements are true regarding the advantages of the use of static routes? (Choose two).
increased security
reduced effort in configuring routes
the administrator maintains control over routing
easier to implement in a growing network
reduces the chance of routing errors
increased router resource usage
The 172.16.3.0 network will be routed by any dynamic routing protocol automatically.
A routing table entry is made to the 172.16.3.0 network with a code of "C".
A static route is required to route traffic to the 172.16.3.0 network.
The commands will be saved to the startup-configuration automatically.
An engineer creates a static route by entering the Router(config)# ip route 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2 command.
What can be concluded about this route?
The administrative distance of this route is 1.
192.168.1.2 is the address of an interface on this router.
This route will display as a directly connected network in the routing table.
Packets with a destination IP address of 192.168.1.2 will be forwarded to the 10.0.0.0/24 network first.
Refer to the exhibit. Router1 and Router2 are running EIGRP. All interfaces are operational and packets can be forwarded between
networks. What information will be found in the routing table for Router1?
Router1 will have 6 directly connected networks.
The administrative distance of the route to network 172.16.0.0 will be 90.
A growing medium-sized manufacturing company recently began to have routing instability issues. The company uses
static routes and has a mixture of over 30 Cisco and non-Cisco routers. The network administrator has decided to
convert the network to dynamic routing. What characteristics of protocols should be considered in this selection
process?
Distance vector routing protocols, such as RIP, converge more quickly than do link-state routing protocols.
EIGRP can be used on all of the routers in the company.
OSPF can be used between the routers.
Refer to the exhibit. If RIP is the routing protocol, what is the value of the metric from router A to network 192.168.5.0/24?
3
4
56
624
724
A router learns two paths with equal metrics to a destination network via the RIP routing protocol. How will the router handle
packets to the destination network?
The router will install the first route it learned into the routing table.
The router will install both routes in the routing table and load balance between the two.
The router will put the first route in the routing table, and denote the second route as a backup route.
The router will pick the path with the higher bandwidth and will place it in the routing table.
Three routers running a distance-vector routing protocol lost all power, including the battery backups. When the routers
reload, what will happen?
They will share all routes saved in NVRAM prior to the power loss with their directly connected neighbors.
They will multicast hello packets to all other routers in the network to establish neighbor adjacencies.
They will send updates that include only directly connected routes to their directly connected neighbors.
They will broadcast their full routing table to all routers in the network.
Which two statements are true regarding the function of the RIPv1 routing updates? (Choose two).
updates are broadcast only when there are changes to the topology
What actions will occur after RouterA loses connectivity to network 114.125.16.0? (Choose two.)
RouterB will include network 123.92.76.0 and 136.125.85.0 in its update to RouterA.
During the next update interval, RouterB will send a RIP update out both ports that includes the inaccessible network.
During the next update interval, RouterC will send an update to RouterB stating that network 114.125.16.0 is accessible
in 2 hops.
Router C will learn of the loss of connectivity to network 114.125.16.0 from RouterB.
RouterB will include network 123.92.76.0 and 136.125.85.0 in its update to RouterC.
Which of the following methods does split horizon use to reduce incorrect routing information?
Routing updates are split in half to reduce the update time.
Information learned from one source is not distributed back to that source.
New route information must be learned from multiple sources to be accepted.
The time between updates is split in half to speed convergence.
New route information is suppressed until the system has converged.
The graphic shows a network that is configured to use RIP routing protocol. Router2 detects that the link to Router1 has
gone down. It then advertises the network for this link with a hop count metric of 16. Which routing loop prevention
mechanism is in effect?
split horizon
error condition
hold-down timer
route poisoning
count to infinity
prevents regular update messages from reinstating a route that may have gone bad
prevents a router from advertising a network through the interface from which the update came
limits the time or hops that a packet can traverse through the network before it should be discarded
defines a maximum metric value for each distance vector routing protocol by setting a maximum hop count
Which of the following can exist in a distance vector network that has not converged? (Choose three.)
routing loops
The Invalid timer will mark the route as unusable if an update has not been received in 180 seconds.
The Update timer will request an update for routes that were learned from Router B.
The Hello timer will expire after 10 seconds and the route will be flushed out of the routing table.
A network administrator is evaluating RIP versus EIGRP for a new network. The network will be sensitive to congestion and
must respond quickly to topology changes. What are two good reasons to choose EIGRP instead of RIP in this case?
(Choose two.)
EIGRP uses periodic updates.
EIGRP only updates affected neighbors.
EIGRP uses broadcast updates.
Refer to the exhibit. What path will packets from the 192.168.1.0/24 network travel to reach the 10.0.0.0/8 network if RIP is
the active routing protocol?
The path will be router A -> router B -> router C -> router E.
The path will be router A -> router D -> router E.
Router A will load balance between the router A -> router D -> router E and router A -> router B -> router C -> router E
paths.
Packets will alternate paths depending on the order they arrive at router A.
Which three routing protocols are distance vector routing protocols? (Choose three).
RIPv1
EIGRP
OSPF
IS-IS
RIPv2
Which two conditions are most likely to cause a routing loop? (Choose two.)
random jitter
15
16
224
255
Refer to the exhibit. If all routers are using RIP, how many rounds of updates will occur before all routers know all networks?
1
2
3
4
5
Refer to the exhibit. All routers in the exhibit are running RIP v1. The network administrator issues the show ip route
command on router A. What routes would appear in the routing table output if the network is converged? (Choose two).
R 192.168.2.0/24 [120/1]
C 192.168.2.0/24 [120/1]
R 10.10.3.0/24 [120/0]
C 10.10.3.0/24 [120/1]
R 10.10.1.0/24 [120/2]
R 10.10.1.0/24 [120/3]
Refer to the exhibit. Router1 is running RIPv1. What command was entered into Router1 to configure the gateway of last
resort?
no auto-summary
ip default-network 0.0.0.0
ip default-gateway 10.0.0.0
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 S0/0/1
Refer to the exhibit. Router1 and Router2 are running the RIPv1 protocol. The network administrator configures the
command network 10.1.0.0 on Router1. What network will Router1 advertise to Router2?
10.1.0.0/16
10.1.0.0/8
10.0.0.0/16
10.0.0.0/8
Which of the following would be the correct command sequence to enable RIP on Router B for all connected networks?
RouterB# router rip
RouterB(router)# network 210.36.7.0
RouterB(router)# network 220.17.29.0
RouterB(router)# network 211.168.74.0
RouterB(config)# router rip
RouterB(config-router)# network 198.16.4.0
RouterB(config-router)# network 211.168.74.0
RouterB(config-router)# network 199.84.32.0
RouterB(config)# configure router rip
RouterB(config-router)# network 210.36.7.0
RouterB(config-router)# network 199.84.32.0
RouterB(config-router)# network 211.168.74.0
RouterB(config)# router rip
RouterB(config-router)# network 198.16.4.0
RouterB(config-router)# network 210.36.7.0
RouterB(config-router)# network 211.168.74.0
RouterB(config)# router rip
RouterB(config-router)# network 198.16.4.0
RouterB(config-router)# network 210.36.7.0
RouterB(config-router)# network 220.17.29.0
Which command will display RIP activity as it occurs on a router?
debug ip rip
show ip route
show ip interface
show ip protocols
debug ip rip config
Which command or set of commands will stop the RIP routing process?
RouterB(config)# router rip
RouterB(config-router)# shutdown
RouterB(config)# router rip
RouterB(config-router)# network no 192.168.2.0
RouterB(config)# no router rip
RouterB(config)# router no rip
RIP v1 requires enhanced router processors and extra RAM to function effectively.
What are three characteristics of the RIPv1 routing protocol? (Choose three.)
supports the use of VLSM
uses hop count as a metric
considers a metric of 16 as infinity
192.168.0.32/27
The following line was displayed in the output of the show ip route command.
20
30
120
What are three characteristics of the RIPv1 routing protocol? (Choose three.)
supports the use of VLSM
uses hop count as a metric
considers a metric of 16 as infinity
has an administrative distance of 110 by default
includes the destination IP address and subnet mask in routing updates
calculates metrics using the Bellman Ford algorithm
What will happen if an interface IP address is entered for the address portion of the network command in a RIPv1
configuration instead of a network address?
The router will reject the command.
A route to the host address will be added to outgoing RIP updates.
A route to the host address will be added to the routing table.
All interfaces in the same classful network as the configured address will be included in the RIPv1 routing process.
Refer to the exhibit. All routers that are shown are running the RIP routing protocol. All unknown IP traffic must be
forwarded to the ISP. What router or set of routers are recommended to have both a default route and the default-
information originate command issued to implement this forwarding policy?
only Router1
only the gateway router
Refer to the exhibit. All routers are configured with valid interface addresses in the indicated networks and are running
RIPv1. The network is converged. Which routes are present in the routing tables?
All routers have all routes in their routing table.
All routers have all /30 routes, but do not have /24 routes in their routing table.
All routers have all /30 routes. Routers A and E also have some of the /24 routes in their routing table.
All routers have all /30 routes. Routers B and D also have some of the /24 routes in their routing table.
Routers A and E have all routes. Routers B and D have only /30 routes in their routing table.
Routers A and E have only /24 routes. Routers B and D have only /30 routes in their routing table.
Refer to the exhibit. A network consists of multiple routers. What can be verified when the show ip
protocols command is issued on one of the routers in the network?
whether all routes in the network have been properly added to the routing table
routing protocol configuration in use for IP on this router
Refer to the exhibit. The Ethernet interface on Router2 goes down and the administrator notices that the
route is still valid in the routing table of Router1. How much longer will it take for Router1 to mark the route
invalid by setting the metric to 16?
30 seconds
90 seconds
155 seconds
180 seconds
255 seconds
What is the default update period in seconds for the RIP routing protocol?
10
12
15
20
30
60
Refer to the exhibit. What can be concluded from the routing table output of router B?
A static default route has been configured on B.
The default-information originate command has been entered on A.
All traffic that is destined for 192.168.1.1 will be sent to address 0.0.0.0.
Hosts on the 10.16.1.0/27 network have 192.168.1.1 configured as the default gateway address.
Which two statements are true regarding the characteristics of RIPv1? (Choose two).
It is a distance vector routing protocol.
It advertises the address and subnet mask for routes in routing updates.
Refer to the exhibit. The network that is shown is running RIPv1. The 192.168.10.0/24 network was recently added and will
only contain end users. What command or set of commands should be entered on Router1 to prevent RIPv1 updates from
being sent to the end user devices on the new network while still allowing this new network to be advertised to other routers?
Router1(config-router)# no router rip
Router1(config-router)# network 192.168.10.0
Router1(config-router)# no network 192.168.10.0
Top of Form
What two advantages does CIDR provide to a network? (Choose two.)
reduced routing table size
255.255.255.240
255.255.255.248
255.255.255.252
Refer to the exhibit. A network engineer is summarizing the two groups of routes on router R1 shown in the exhibit. Which
summarization will work for all the subnets?
192.168.0.0/23
192.168.0.0/22
192.168.0.0/21
192.168.0.0/20
Which of the following are contained in the routing updates of classless routing protocols? (Choose two.)
32-bit address
next hop router interface
subnet mask
unicast host address
Layer 2 address
Refer to the exhibit. What subnet mask will be applied by router B when it receives a RIPv1 update for the network 172.16.1.0?
none
8
16
24
Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator wants to minimize the number of entries in Router1’s routing table. What
should the administrator implement on the network?
VLSM
CIDR
private IP addresses
classful routing
A router has a summary route to network 192.168.32.0/20 installed in its routing table. What range of networks are
summarized by this route?
192.168.0.0 – 192.168.32.0/24
192.168.0.0 – 192.168.47.0/24
192.168.32.0 – 192.168.47.0/24
192.168.32.0 – 192.168.48.0/24
192.168.32.0 – 192.168.63.0/24
A network administrator is tasked with dividing up a class C network among the QA, Sales, and Administration departments.
The QA department is made up of 10 people, the Sales is made up of 28 people, and the Administration has 6. Which two
subnets masks adequately address the QA and Sales departments? (Choose two.)
255.255.255.252 for QA
255.255.255.224 for Sales
255.255.255.240 for QA
255.255.255.248 for QA
255.255.255.0 for Sales
In the network shown in the graphic, three bits were borrowed from the host portion of a Class C address. How many valid host
addresses will be unused on the three point-to-point links combined if VLSM is not used?
3
4
12
36
84
180
A Class C address has been assigned for use in the network shown in the graphic. Using VLSM, which bit mask should
be used to provide for the number of host addresses required on Router A, while wasting the fewest addresses?
/31
/30
/29
/28
/27
/26
An additional subnet is required for a new Ethernet link between Router1 and Router2 as shown in the diagram. Which of the
following subnet addresses can be configured in this network to provide a maximum of 14 useable addresses for this link
while wasting the fewest addresses?
192.1.1.16/26
192.1.1.96/28
192.1.1.160/28
192.1.1.196/27
192.1.1.224/28
192.1.1.240/28
Refer to the exhibit. The number of required host addresses for each subnet in a network is listed in the exhibit. This
number includes the host address requirements for all router ports and hosts on that subnet. After all device and
router port address assignments are determined, what will be the total number of unused host addresses available?
6
14
29
34
40
62
Refer to the exhibit. In the network that is shown, the router interfaces are assigned the first address in each subnet. Which
IP address would be usable for a host on one of the LANs in this network?
192.168.1.5/30
192.168.2.17/28
192.168.2.63/27
192.168.2.130/25
Refer to the exhibit. Which address is a broadcast address for one of the subnets that are shown in the exhibit?
192.168.4.3/29
192.168.4.15/29
192.168.4.65/26
192.168.4.255/24
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator needs to create two subnetworks from 10.0.0.0/8 for a router running RIPv2. The
Admin subnet requires 120 hosts and the Sales subnet requires 58 hosts. The network administrator assigned 10.0.1.128/25
to the Admin subnet. The Sales subnet is given 10.0.1.192/26. What will be the result of this addressing scheme?
Because RIPv2 does not support VLSM, the subnet masks will not be allowed.
The subnets will not have enough host addresses for the given network requirements.
The subnets overlap and will be rejected by the router.
Refer to the exhibit. A network technician enters the static route in R1 needed to reach network 10.1.1.0/24. A ping from R1
to Host B fails. The technician begins testing the network and has the following results:
What is the likely cause of the failure of the ping from R1 to Host B?
Host B has a defective Ethernet card.
The default gateway on Host B is not correctly set.
There is a Layer 2 problem between R2 and Host B.
R2 does not have routes back to networks connected to R1.
What is a supernet?
the network for a default route
a network that contains both private and public addresses
a set of discontiguous networks that are controlled by an ISP
Refer to the exhibit. If all routers are running RIP version 2, why is there no route for the 192.168.1.32/27 network?
Rip version 2 does not send subnet masks in its updates.
Refer to the exhibit. Which command on which router will allow Router1 to learn about the 192.168.0.0/20 network?
Router1(config)# ip classless
How are RIP v1 and RIP v2 similar to one another? (Choose three.)
They both use hop count as a metric.
They both have the same metric value for infinite distance.
They both use a broadcast IP address to send updates to their neighbors.
They both send subnet mask information in their updates.
They both provide for authentication of update sources.
Refer to the exhibit. Routers East and West are configured using RIPv1. Both routers are sending updates about their
directly connected routes. The East router can ping the West router serial interface and West can ping the serial interface of
East. However, neither router has dynamically learned routes from the other. What is most likely the problem?
A gateway of last resort is required.
Subnetting is not supported by RIPv1.
Refer to the exhibit. All routers are running RIP version 2. JAX is configured to just advertise the 10.0.0.0/24 network. CHI is
configured to advertise the 172.16.0.0/16 network. A network administrator enters the commands shown in the exhibit. What
changes will occur in this network?
The JAX router will ignore updates for the 172.16.0.0/16 network due to split horizon issues.
The CHI router will install a route to the 192.168.0.0/16 network in its routing table.
The routing table for CHI will have the 192.168.0.0/16 route but it will have an S next to the route.
The ORL router will apply a 255.255.0.0 subnet mask to all networks in the routing updates it forwards.
Refer to the exhibit. A technician needs to add a new loopback interface to test routing functionality and network design. The
technician enters the following set of commands on the router:
The network address for Loopback1 overlaps with an already configured interface address.
The router is over the limit for the maximum paths that can be provided in the routing table.
What is the maximum network diameter permitted by the default metric of RIPv2?
15 hops
16 hops
100 hops
120 hops
255 hops
What are two functions of the network command used when configuring routing protocols? (Choose two.)
identifies which networks will be included in the routing updates
identifies the hosts addresses that can be summarized in the network
used to list all addresses for remote and local networks
determines which subnet mask to apply to routing updates
determines which interfaces can send and receive routing updates
Refer to the exhibit. What can be concluded from the output shown in the exhibit?
The routing table is limited to 2 routes.
The LAN interfaces are participating in the routing process.
One update has been sent out of each serial interface and 2 have been received.
The no auto-summary has not been configured on this router.
A network administrator has been told that the company IP address infrastructure must adhere to RFC 1918. What three
IP address ranges from RFC 1918 could the administrator use on the network? (Choose three.)
10.0.0.0/8
127.0.0.0/8
169.254.0.0/16
172.16.0.0/12
192.168.0.0/16
209.165.201.0/27
Refer to the exhibit. All routers are running RIPv1. What changes will occur in the routing table of router B if a loopback
interface with an address of 10.16.1.129/27 is configured on router B?
Routes to the 10.16.1.0/27, 10.16.1.64/27, and 10.16.1.128/27 networks are added.
A third route to the 10.0.0.0/8 network with RIPv1 as the source is added.
The 10.0.0.0/8 route is dropped immediately from the routing table after router B is configured.
A network administrator installed four new routers that are running RIPv2. Router1 is a boundary router in the RIPv2
network and has a default route configured. Once the network has converged, the network administrator enters
Router1(config-router)# default-information originate on Router1. How will this affect the network?
prevents Router1 from forwarding updates about networks that are not directly connected
causes all routers in the network to synchronize routing updates with Router1
forces Router1 to become the primary or designated router (DR) for updates
What field was added to the RIP message header by RFC 1723 to add support for VLSM and CIDR?
subnet mask
Refer to the exhibit. What effect will the commands that are shown have on RIP updates for Router1?
Only version 2 updates are sent to 255.255.255.255.
Only version 2 updates are sent to 224.0.0.9.
Both version 1 and version 2 updates are sent to 224.0.0.9.
Both version 1 and version 2 updates are sent to 255.255.255.255.
Refer to the exhibit. RIPv1 is configured as the routing protocol for the network that is shown. The following commands are
used on each router:
router rip
network 10.0.0.0
network 172.16.0.0
When this configuration is complete, users on the LAN of each router are unable to access the remote LANs. Why?
The network statements are configured incorrectly.
RIPv2 is the configured routing protocol on the routers in a network. The command Router(config-router)# no version 2
is entered on the routers. What effect does entering this command have on routing updates?
Subnet masks will be added to the routing updates.
Version 1 and 2 updates will be received and the version 2 updates will not be sent.
The RIP routing process will be removed from the router and routing updates will not be forwarded.
drops the packet since the static route does not have an exit interface
performs a recursive lookup to find the exit interface used to forward the packet
sends a request to neighboring routers for the location of the 128.107.0.0 network
Top of Form
Refer to the exhibit. What parent network will automatically be included in the routing table when the three subnets are
configured on Router1?
172.16.0.0/16
172.16.0.0/24
172.16.0.0/30
172.16.1.0/16
172.16.1.0/24
Bottom of Form
Refer to the exhibit. Router B receives a packet with a destination address of 10.16.1.97. What will router B do?
drop the packet
Refer to the exhibit. How many routes in this output qualify for use as ultimate routes?
3
4
5
6
7
Refer to the exhibit. With the ip classless command issued, what will router R2 do with a packet destined for host 172.16.4.234?
drop the packet
send packet out Serial 0/0/1
send packet to network 0.0.0.0
Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator has discovered that packets destined for servers on the
172.16.254.0 network are being dropped by Router2. What command should the administrator issue to ensure that
these packets are sent out the gateway of last resort, Serial 0/0/1?
ip classless
no ip classless
ip default-network 0.0.0.0
ip default-gateway 172.16.254.1
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Serial 0/0/1
Routing table entries have a next-hop IP address and an exit interface for each child route.
Refer to the exhibit. The graphic contains partial contents of the routing table on router E. Router E is running
version 12.3 of the IOS and is configured for default routing behavior. Router E receives a packet to forward. Which
route in the routing table will be searched first and why?
172.16.1.0/25 because it is the first ultimate route
0.0.0.0/0 because it is the lowest network number
172.16.0.0/25 because it is the first level 1 route
A network is converged and the routing tables are complete. When a packet needs to be forwarded, what is the first
criterion used to determine the best path in the routing table?
the route with the highest bandwidth
the route with the smallest Administrative Distance
the route with the longest address and mask match to the destination
the route with the best combination of Administrative Distance and lowest cost
Refer to the exhibit. What subnet mask will Router1 apply to child routes of the 172.16.0.0/24 network?
0.0.0.0
255.255.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.255
Refer to the exhibit. What protocol was used to distribute the routing information for the network 172.16.1.4?
RIPv1
RIPv2
EIGRP
OSPF
A route to a destination network is learned from multiple routing protocols. If each learned route has the same network prefix,
what is used by a Cisco router to select the preferred route to the destination that will be installed in the routing table?
metric
route prefix
update timer
administrative distance
On a router running EIGRP, what database would maintain a list of feasible successors?
routing table
neighbor table
topology table
adjacency table
Refer to the exhibit. This is the debug output from 2 directly connected EIGRP routers. They are not forming an
adjacency. What is the cause?
one router is a non-cisco router
Refer to the exhibit. Which command will advertise the 192.168.1.64/30 network but not the 192.168.1.32 network on router
A?
network 192.168.1.0
network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0
network 192.168.1.64 0.0.0.3
What two actions will the EIGRP DUAL FSM take if a link to a network goes down? (Choose two.)
put the route into passive mode
query neighbors for a new route
search routing table for a feasible successor
the exit interface is in passive mode and EIGRP advertisements are blocked
In which of the following tables does the EIGRP DUAL algorithm store the primary route to a destination? (Choose two.)
routing
topology
neighbor
path
shortest path
What information is maintained in the EIGRP topology database for a destination route? (Choose two.)
the highest cost of the route
the SRTT value for the route
Which of the following statements describes the bounded updates used by EIGRP?
Bounded updates are sent to all routers within an autonomous system.
Partial updates are sent only to routers that need the information.
The updates are sent to all routers in the routing table.
R2(config-router)# no auto-summary
R2(config-router)# auto-summary
R2(config-router)# network 192.168.1.64
Refer to the exhibit. Based on the output of show ip eigrp neighbors, what are two possible problems with adjacencies between
Router1 and Router2? (Choose two.)
The routers are configured with different EIGRP process IDs.
Automatic summarization was disabled.
The hello timer for R1 was decreased.
The serial interfaces for both routers are in different networks.
No feasible successors were found.
Refer to the exhibit. In the topology table, what do the numbers 3011840 and 3128695 represent?
the route metric that is applied to those EIGRP routes for this router
the composite of the hop count and bandwidth to that destination network
the total metric for that network as advertised by the EIGRP neighbor
Refer to the exhibit. EIGRP is the only routing protocol enabled on this network. No static routes are configured on this
router. What can be concluded about network 198.18.1.0/24 from the exhibited output?
A route to network 198.18.1.0/24 is not listed in the routing table.
Refer to the exhibit. All interfaces have been configured with the bandwidths that are shown in the exhibit. Assuming that all
routers are using a default configuration of EIGRP as their routing protocol, what path will packets take from the
172.16.1.0/16 network to the 192.168.200.0/24 network?
A,B,E
A,C,E
A,D,E
Packets will load balance across the A,B,E and A,C,E paths.
Packets will load balance across the A,B,E and A,D,E paths.
Packets will load balance across the A,C,E and A,D,E paths.
By default, which two metrics are used by EIGRP to determine the best path between networks?
MTU
load
delay
bandwidth
reliability
Which term defines a collection of networks under the administrative control of a single entity that presents a common routing
policy to the Internet?
autonomous system
contiguous networks
process ID
BGP
Refer to the exhibit. The company is using EIGRP with an autonomous system number of 10. Pings between hosts on
networks that are connected to router A and those that are connected to router B are successful. However, users on the
192.168.3.0 network are unable to reach users on the 192.168.1.32 network. What is the most likely cause of this
problem?
IP classless is enabled and is causing the packet to drop.
The command network 192.168.1.32 was not issued on router C.
The routers are not configured in the same EIGRP routing domain.
Automatic summarization of the networks is causing the subnetted routes to be dropped.
In the command router eigrp 20, what is the purpose of the number 20?
specifies the administrative distance for all EIGRP routes
identifies the autonomous system number this EIGRP process will advertise
determines what metric is added to all advertised routes
indicates the number of addresses in the EIGRP routing domain
The show ip eigrp topology command output on a router displays a successor route and a feasible successor route to
network 192.168.1.0/24. In order to reduce processor utilization, what does EIGRP do when the primary route to this network
fails?
The router sends query packets to all EIGRP neighbors for a better route to network 192.168.1.0/24.
The DUAL FSM immediately recomputes the algorithm to calculate the next backup route.
Packets that are destined for network 192.168.1.0/24 are sent out the default gateway instead.
What administrative distance would a router assign to a default route in EIGRP that is learned from a source external to the
autonomous system?
1
5
70
90
170
190
Refer to the exhibit. Network 192.168.0.0/28 goes down. What type of packet does Router2 immediately send to Router1 and Route
a query for network 192.168.0.0/28
an acknowledgment packet to 224.0.0.9
an update packet that is sent to 255.255.255.255
a packet that contains the new routing table for R2
unicast update packets to 192.168.1.1 and 192.168.2.1
Refer to the exhibit. When Router D is configured to use a link-state routing protocol and is added to the network, what is the
first thing that it does to begin learning the network topology?
It sends LSP packets to Routers B and C.
What two events will cause a link state router to send LSPs to all neighbors? (Choose two.)
30 second timer expires
whenever the network topology changes
What two statements correctly describe the link state routing process? (Choose two.)
all routers in the area have link state databases
Reliable Transport Protocol (RTP) is the protocol used by for the delivery and reception of LSPs
Refer to the exhibit. What kind of information would be seen in an LSP sent from router JAX to router ATL?
hop count
uptime of the route
cost of the link
a list of all the routing protocols in use
What feature do modern link-state protocols provide to minimize processing and memory requirements?
splitting routing topologies into smaller areas
assigning lower process priorities to route calculations
using update timers to restrict routing updates
To achieve network convergence, what three steps does each link state router take? (Choose three.)
use automatic summarization to reduce the size of routing tables
build a Link State Packet (LSP) containing the state of each directly connected link
flood the LSP to all neighbors, who then store all LSPs received in a database
send hello packages at regular intervals to discover neighbors and establish adjacencies
construct a complete map of the topology and compute the best path to each destination network
use the DUAL FSM to select efficient, loop-free paths, and insert routes into the routing table
Why is it difficult for routing loops to occur in networks that use link-state routing?
Each router builds a simple view of the network based on hop count.
What are two advantages of using a link-state routing protocol instead of a distance vector routing protocol? (Choose two.)
The topology database eliminates the need for a routing table.
Refer to the exhibit. Which statement correctly describes the path traffic would take from the 10.0.0.0/24 network to the 192.168.1.0
network if a link-state routing protocol was in use?
BOS -> ATL because this path is the least hops
BOS -> ORL -> JAX -> ATL because this path is the lowest cost
Which database or table must be identical on all link-state routers within an area in order to construct an accurate SPF tree?
routing table
adjacency table
link-state database
neighbor table
topology database
Which two routing protocols use Dijkstra’s shortest path first algorithm? (Choose two.)
RIPv1
RIPv2
IS-IS
BGP
EIGRP
OSPF
When are link-state packets sent to neighbors?
every 30 seconds
Refer to the exhibit. What does JAX do with link-state packets from ORL?
sends out its updated routing table to both ORL and BOS routers
sends out the individual link-state packets out the interface connected to BOS
queries BOS to see if it has a better route
only adds it to the local routing table and performs no other actions
A new network administrator is given the task of selecting an appropriate dynamic routing protocol for a software
development company. The company has over 100 routers, uses CIDR and VLSM, requires fast convergence, and uses
both Cisco and non-Cisco equipment. Which routing protocol is appropriate for this company?
RIP version 2
IGRP
EIGRP
OSPF
BGP
What action does a link-state router take immediately upon receipt of an LSP from a neighboring router?
floods the LSP to neighbors
calculates the SPF algorithm
runs the Bellman-Ford algorithm
computes the best path to the destination network
Refer to the exhibit. If all routers and interfaces are configured to use a link-state routing protocol, from which routers will
router D receive hello packets?
A and E
B and C
A, B, C, and E
C only
Refer to the exhibit. What does the "O*E2" from the "O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 192.168.1.1, 00:05:34, Serial0/0/1" line
represent?
an internal type 2 OSPF route
an external OSPF route at least two hops away
an external OSPF route from two different sources
Refer to the exhibit. What is the cost of the route to the 10.0.0.0 network?
2
110
1786
1.544
What three parameters must be indentical between OSPF routers in order to form an adjacency? (Choose three.)
area id
K-values
metric value
hello interval
network type
interface type
What does OSPF use to reduce the number of exchanges of routing information in networks where large numbers of
neighbors are present? (Choose two.)
root router
backup root router
domain router
backup domain router
designated router
backup designated router
A fully converged five router OSPF network has been running successfully for several weeks. All configurations have
been saved and no static routes are used. If one router looses power and reboots, what information will be in its routing
table after the configuration file is loaded but before OSPF has converged?
All routes for the entire network will be present.
Directly connected networks that are operational will be in the routing table.
Because the SPF algorithm has not completed all calculations, no routes will be in the table.
A summary route for all previously learned routes will automatically appear in the routing table until all LSPs have
been received by the router.
Refer to the exhibit. Router A is correctly configured for OSPF. Which OSPF configuration statement or set of statements
was entered for router B to generate the exhibited routing table?
B(config-router)# network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
Refer to the exhibit. What does the "2" stand for in the router ospf 2 statement?
The number 2 is the autonomous system number.
The number 2 indicates the priority of the OSPF process on this router.
Refer to the exhibit. What configuration statements would give the results that are shown in the output of the show ip
protocols command?
B(config)# int fa0/0
B(config-if)# router-id 192.168.1.5
B(config)# int lo0
B(config-if)# ip address 192.168.1.5
B(config)# router ospf 1
B(config-router)# router-id 192.168.1.5
B (config)# router ospf 1
B(config-router)# ip address 192.168.1.5
Refer to the exhibit. How many OSPF adjacencies must be formed to build the complete topology if a DR or BDR were
not elected in this OSPF network?
4
5
10
110
115
120
Refer to the exhibit. Routers A, B, C, and D are all running OSPF with default router IDs and OSPF interface priorities. Loopback
interfaces are not configured and all interfaces are operational. Router D is the DR and router C is the BDR.
What happens immediately after the following commands are entered on router A?
Refer to the exhibit. All routers are running OSPF. What cost would JAX put in its routing table for the 10.0.0.0/24 network?
2
156
1564
1785
1787
What range of networks will be advertised in the OSPF updates by the command Router1(config-router)# network
192.168.0.0 0.0.15.255 area 100?
192.168.0.0/24 through 192.168.0.15/24
Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator wants to set the router ID of Router1 to 192.168.100.1. What steps can
the administrator take to accomplish this?
shut down the loop back interface
use the OSPF router-id 192.168.100.1 command
use the clear ip ospf process command
Refer to the exhibit. When OSPF is operational in the exhibited network, what neighbor relationship is developed between
Router1 and Router2?
A FULL adjacency is formed.
Refer to the exhibit. Assuming that the routers have default interface OSPF priorities and no configured loopback
interfaces, what two roles will router B play on each network segment? (Choose two.)
DR for network 192.168.1.200
Refer to the exhibit. Router1 and Router2 are running OSPF. The show ip ospf neighbor command reveals no
neighbors. What is a possible cause?
OSPF autonomous system IDs do not match.
OSPF process IDs do not match.
OSPF network types are identical.
Refer to the exhibit. RouterA, RouterB, and RouterC in the diagram are running OSPF on their Ethernet interfaces. Router D
was just added to the network. Routers are configured with the loopback interfaces (Lo 0) that are shown in the exhibit. What
happens to the OSPF DR/BDR after RouterD is added to the network?
RouterB takes over as DR and RouterD becomes the BDR.
RouterD becomes the BDR and RouterA remains the DR.
RouterD becomes the DR and RouterA becomes the BDR.
RouterC acts as the DR until the election process is complete.
RouterD becomes the DR and RouterB remains the BDR.
There is no change in the DR or BDR until either current DR or BDR goes down.
Which two statements describe the use of OSPF DR/BDR elections? (Choose two.)
Elections are always optional.
Elections are required in all WAN networks.
Elections are required in point-to-point networks.
Elections are required in broadcast multiaccess networks.
Refer to the exhibit. The routers in the exhibit are using default OSPF configuration settings to advertise all attached
networks. If all of the routers start at the same time, what will be the result of the DR and BDR elections for this single
area OSPF network? (Choose three.)
HQ will be DR for 10.4.0.0/16.
Router A will be DR for 10.4.0.0/16.
HQ will be BDR for 10.4.0.0/16.
Router A will be DR for 10.5.0.0/16.
BPDU packets