THE ANALYSIS OF DISC BRAKE AND DRUM BRAKE

PERFORMANCE ON
DIFFERENCE LOAD AND SPEED

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY

A brake system is designed to slow and halt the motion of vehicle. To do this, various
components within the brake system must convert vehicle’s moving energy into heat. This is
done by using friction. The amount of friction or resistance to movement depends upon the
type of material in contact, the smoothness of their rubbing surfaces and the pressure holding
them.

Thus, in a nutshell a car brake works by applying a static surface to a moving surface of a
vehicle, thus causing friction and converting kinetic energy into heat energy. As the brakes on
a moving automobile are put into motion, rough-textures brake pads or brake shoes are
pressed against the rotating parts of vehicle, be it disc or drum. The kinetic energy or
momentum of the vehicle is then converted into heat energy by kinetic friction of the rubbing
surfaces and the car or truck slows down.

When vehicle comes to stop, it is held in place by static friction. The friction between
surfaces of brakes as well as the friction between tires and roads resist any movement. To
overcome the static friction that holds the car motionless, brakes are released. The heat
energy of combustion of in engine is converted into kinetic energy by transmission and drive
train, and the vehicle moves.

1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT


1.3 OBJECTIVE
 To determine the brake distance of disc brake and drum brake on difference load and
speed.
 To identify the time taken of disc brake and drum brake on difference load and speed.
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 INTRODUCTION

2.2 TYPE OF BRAKING SYSTEM

 DRUM BRAKES
 DISC BRAKES (CALLIPER BRAKES)

2.2.1 Drum brake

The drum brake has two brake shoes and a piston. When you hit the brake pedal, the
piston pushes the brake shoes against the drum This is where it gets a little more complicated.
as the brake shoes contact the drum, there is a kind of wedging action, which has the effect of
pressing the shoes into the drum with more force. The extra braking force provided by the
wedging action allows drum brakes to use a smaller piston than disc brakes. But, because of
the wedging action, the shoes must be pulled away from the drum when the brakes are
released. This is the reason for some of the springs. Other springs help hold the brake shoes
in place and return the adjuster arm after it actuates.
2.2.2 Disc brake
The disk brake has a metal disk instead of a drum. It has a flat shoe, or pad, located on
each side of the disk. To slow or stop the bike, these two flat shoes are forced tightly against
the rotating disk, or rotor. Fluid pressure from the master cylinder forces the pistons to move
in. This action pushes the friction pads of the shoes tightly against the disk. The friction
between the shoes and the disk slows and stops the disk.
TYPES OF DISK BRAKES
There are three types of disk brakes:
 FLOATING CALIPER DISK BRAKES
 FIXED CALIPER DISK BRAKES
 SLIDING CALIPER DISK CALIPER
MAIN PARTS:
The main components of a disc brake and drum brake are:

Figure…Brake pad Figure…Caliper and rotor

The pads are the physical entity in the entire brake system that suffers the most. They
are high friction material lined onto the caliper whose job is to convert your bike’s kinetic
energy into heat in the form of abrasion. These pads have to do this particular action quietly
and repeatedly, and without getting too hot. Besides, the brake calipers are a pair of metal
plates bonded with friction material - the brake pads. When you pull the brake lever, brake
fluid creates pressure on pistons in the brake caliper, forcing the pads against the brake rotor
and slowing your motorcycle.
A significant shift from drum brakes, disc brakes used calipers to squeeze pairs of
pads against a disc or "rotor" to create friction. Unlike ones found on automobiles,
motorcycle disc brakes are the ’floating’ type for optimum cooling and also avoids disc
warping and reduce heat transfer to the wheel hub.

2.3 BRAKING SYSTEM PERFORMANCE

2.4 CONCLUSION

CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY
3.1 INTRODUCTION

3.2 METHOD

3.3 MATERIALS

3.4 PROCEDURE
The test was performed with two unit of motorcycle, brand Honda EX5 and . The
motorcycle was installed with two difference brake configurations; drum brake and disc
brake based on test conditions. The motorcycle still uses existing tires and old brake friction
components (rotor and pad). The motorcycle tire pressures were set to manufacturer’s
recommendations. No additional tire or brake friction component changes were made for the
duration of the tests. In additional, the measuring tape, stopwatch and heat sensor were used
to measure stopping distance, time and brake temperature.
The overall approach to motorcycle brake performance is addresses by Japanese
Industrial Standard (JIS), JIS D1034 in a similar manner to that of the European Economic
Commission Standard (EEC), 93/14/EEC. A series of tests are presented, under various
conditions, and the motorcycle must meet certain performance requirements.
3.5 CONCLUSION