Week 3 and Prelims

Review
BSTM 3-1 [MON 12:30-4:00 PM]
Philippine Pop Culture
First Semester, 2020-2021
Colegio de Sta. Teresa de Avila
Lesson Overview
● A historical perspective on how popular culture was
spread in the Philippines
● Legacy Media
● Preliminary Exam: A retrospective analysis on how
Popular Culture has affected your life
Historical
Perspective
on Philippine
Popular Culture
Pre-Spanish Era: Barangay-level
Chikahan
● Ancient Filipinos wrote on the barks of trees, on leaves
and bamboo tubes using pointed instruments
● Umalohokan - the barangay representative who spreads
information to others
● Forms of literature were developed
○ Maranaws: Kasabihan (sayings), bugtong (riddles),
kumintang (war songs), daragan (poetry)
○ Ifugaos: hudhud (wedding songs)
Pre-Spanish Era: Barangay-level
Chikahan
Spanish Colonial Era: Rise of the Print
● Woodblock Printing was invented in China (Han Dynasty)
Spanish Colonial Era: Rise of the Print
● Johannes Gutenberg - father of modern printing
Spanish Colonial Era: Rise of the Print

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yeikqw0kyqI
Literature and Enlightenment
● Del Superior Govierno - first official newspaper (strong
censorship, content has bias in favor of the Spaniards)
● La Solidaridad - Published in Spain by the Ilustrados
(Graciano Lopez Jaena, Jose Rizal, Marcelo H. del Pilar,
Mariano Ponce, Juan Luna)
● Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo brought about
the nationalist sentiments of the Filipinos
American Era
● Americans crafted the Philippine educational system
○ Taught people how to read and write
○ Made text and later on information more accessible
● 1900 - Manila Bulletin was opened
● 1914 - US government used films as a tool for
information, education, and propaganda
○ 1919 - Dalagang Bukid by Jose Nepomuceno
● 1924 - Americans established the first AM radio station
named KZKZ
Japanese Occupation (1941- 1945)
● Extreme censorship was established by the Japanese
● Movie companies stopped production
● All radio stations were closed except for KZRH and was
used by the Japanese for propaganda
After the Second World War
● Radio became the a source of entertainment and not just
information
● 1950s - Golden Age of Filipino Film
○ FAMAS (Filipino Academy of Movie Arts & Sciences)
was established
○ Rise of high-quality Filipino films
○ Big Four Film Studios: Sampaguita, Lebran, LVN, and
Premiere Productions
After the Second World War
● Newspapers and Magazines became popular
○ They are not just informative, they also started to
create material for entertainment purposes
■ Liwayway (Tagalog)
■ Bisaya (Eastern Visayan region)
■ Hiligaynon (Western Visayan region)
■ Bannawag (Ilocos region)
Television in the Philippines
● 1953 - DZAQ-TV also known as Channel 3
○ Alto Broadcasting System (ABS)
○ Owned by Antonio Quirino
○ Later on acquired by the Lopezes who
owned CBN (Chronicle Broadcasting
Network) radio station
○ This lead to the first radio-television
network called ABS-CBN
Marcos Era
● Freedom of expression was compromised
○ The media was controlled
○ Media Practitioners were fighting against censorship
● Growth in advertising was seen during the 1960s and
1970s
○ Tagalog was used in advertisements
● Media was Manila-centered and underdeveloped in the
provinces
The Introduction of Electronic
Technology in the Philippines

● 1960 - the first computer system

was installed in the Philippines
○ IBM 650
○ The Bureau of Lands (for land
survey computations)
The Introduction of Electronic
Technology in the Philippines

● 1968 - PLDT (which used to be an American owned) was

bought by Ramon Cojuangco
○ This paved the way for Filipinos to call abroad via
telephone
● 1987 - PLDT establishes the Philippines’ first cellular
telephone network
The Introduction of Electronic
Technology in the Philippines
● March 29, 1994 - Internet was
available in the Philippines
○ Philipine Network Foundation
(PHNET)
○ A project of the Department of
Science and Technology (DOST)
and the Industrial Research
Foundation
Preliminary
Exam
PRELIMINARY EXAM INSTRUCTIONS
● Read and answer the questions carefully
● This is an open notes test, you may refer to your notes
and lecture slides while you answer
● 15 to 20 sentences in your essay
● Due on Monday (October 12, 2020) at 12:00pm
PRELIMINARY EXAM QUESTIONS
1. Name your favorite show/ movie/ musician
2. What media platform do you use to access the material
of your favorite show/ movie/ musician?
3. Why do you like the show/ movie/ musician?
4. What did you learn from the show/ movie/ musician?
5. How do you think did your favorite show/ movie/
musician influence you in your goals in life?