HEALTH SYSTEM:

THE WHO SIX BUILDING

BLOKCS
RATNA DWI WULANDARI
HEALTH POLICY AND ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT
PUBLIC HEALTH FACULTY
UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA
What is a system?

• A system is an arrangement of
parts and their
interconnections that come
together for a purpose.
What is a health system?

• Health system consists of all the organizations, institutions,

resources and people whose primary purpose is to improve health
includes efforts to influence determinants of health as well as
more direct health-improvement activities.
The health system delivers preventive, promotive, curative
and rehabilitative interventions through a combination of
public health actions and the pyramid of health care facilities
that deliver personal health care — by both State and non-
State actors
What is a health system?

• A health system consists of all organizations, people and

actions whose primary intent is to promote, restore or
maintain health. Like any other system, it is a set of
inter-connected parts that have to function together to
be effective
A health system is composed of many parts. In particular:
Patients
Families
Communities
Ministries of Health
Health providers
Health financing bodies
Each component has interconnecting roles and functions. This is why systems
thinking is critical – if you look at one component in isolation, you will miss the
many ways that that component interacts with the other components
The Six Health System Building Blocks

• The World Health Organization recommends supporting and

strengthening a health system based on six building blocks
framework
The WHO Health Systems Framework
System thinking
in health
WHO’s original objectives for the six building
blocks

• Promote common understanding

• Address new challenges and set priorities
• Address questions of health system financiers
• Strengthen WHO’s role in health systems, in a
changing world
Service Delivery
Human Resources

• All people engaged in actions whose primary intent is toimprove

health
• Includes:
• service providers, management and support workers
• Public and private sector workers
• Unpaid and paid workers
• Professional and lay workers
• Strong correlation between health workforce density and service
coverage and health outcomes
 Health Management Information System

• A well functioning health information system is one that ensures the production,
analysis, dissemination and use of reliable and timely health information.
• It involves three domains of health information:
• Health determinants;
• Health systems performance; and
• Health status.
• To achieve this, a health information system must:
Generate population and facility-based data
Have the capacity to detect, investigate, communicate and contain events that
threaten public health security at the place they occur, and as soon as they
occur.
Have the capacity to synthesize information
Medical Products Vaccines and Technologies

• Essential medical products, vaccines and technologies

• Assured quality: Safety, efficacy, cost effective
• National policies, standards, guidelines and regulations that
support policy.
• Information on prices, set and negotiate prices
• Quality assessment of products
• Procurement, storage and distribution systems
• Rational use of essential medicines, commodities and
equipment
• Medical products are the second largest expenditure
• Vaccines are the most cost effective health interventions
Health Financing

• A mix of public and private financing and public and private

provision.
• Effective and efficient use of government allocated resources.
• Raising additional funds where health needs are high and revenues
insufficient.
• Reducing reliance on out-of-pocket payments where they are high.
• Improving efficiency of resource use and addressing fragmentation
of financing arrangements for different types of services
• Promoting transparency and accountability in health financing
systems.
Governance

• Policy guidance
• Intelligence and oversight.
• Collaboration and coalition-building.
• Regulation.
INPUT
OUTPUT