About : First Amendment

ACKNOWLEDMENT

I would like to extend my sincere thanks to all those who helped me in this topic of
research. I extend my sincere acknowledgements to my teacher and mentor Dr.
Atul Kumar Tiwari who gave me this wonderful opportunity to make a project on
“About : First mendment”. I am deeply indebted to him helping me with his able
guidance and advice in choosing this particular topic.
I would further extend my gratitude to Vice Chancellor Sir and Dean (Academics),
Professor C.M. Jariwala for their encouragement and enthusiasm, my seniors for
sharing their valuable tips, and my classmates for their constant support.

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Table of Contents

Intoduction……………………………………………………….4
History…………………………………………………………....5
First Amendment of Indian
Constitution……………………………………………………….6
Article 19 (with regard to reasonable restriction)…………………6
Reasonable restriction……………………………………………..7
Cases………………………………………………………………8
Hypothesis………………………………………………………..11
Conclusion………………………………………………………..12
Refrence…………………………………………………………,,12

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History
The First Amendment: Bringing order to speech Sardar Patel, the home minister,
thought that the Cross Roads decision "knocked the bottom of most of our
prison/punishment laws for the control and regulation of the press

Nehru was very angry/dark purple with the (understanding/ explanation) of the
court. He immediately wrote to Ambedkar "expressing the view that the
constitution's (legal rules) having to do with law and order and troublemaker (or
troublemaking) activities needed to be changed/added to the end 10 In Feb 1951,
Nehru formed a cabinet (group that decides or promotes something) to examine the
proposed change. The home ministry recommended to the cabinet (group that
decides or promotes something) that 'public order' and 'incitement to a crime'
should be included among the exceptions to the right of freedom of speech

original Art. 19(2) did not have the word reasonable before the word restrictions,
and the law ministry was of the opinion that the word reasonable as used in Art. 19
should be kept/held and even added to Art. 19(2).

The cabinet Committee, however, strongly disagreed with Ambedkar and felt that
while it was reasonable to keep/hold the word reasonable in the other (legal
rules/food and supplies) in Art. 19, restrictions on freedom of speech and
expression should not be qualified in any manner.

(something that goes against or disagrees with something else) logic was (done for
good reason) on the ground that they feared the political results of taking away the
protection that 'reasonable' given/gave to the other freedoms in the article. But they
were so nervous and upset because of the dangers to national security, friendly
relations with foreign states, public order, etc. that they felt that possible controls
on free speech did not have to be reasonable.

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The draft change without the word reasonable and with addition of public order
was introduced on 12th May 1951. Nehru defended the change stating that it
satisfied the need of the hour.

The addition of the word reasonable was a partial defeat for Nehru, as it was clear
that given a choice he would have preferred not having any qualifications to the
restrictions