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CHELIMI FOUNDATION

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by
Samala Sadasiva

„ѨK«∞~°} :
CHELIMI FOUNDATION

K«O„^ŒO, 490, gkè <≥O. 11, Ç≤Ï=∂Ü«∞`ü#QÆ~ü,

ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^Œ∞ – 500 029.
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"≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ =Ú„^Œ} : #=O|~ü, 2009

Ô~O_»= =Ú„^Œ} : [#=i, 2012
Hõ=~ü _ç*ˇ·<£ : ~°=∞} rq
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™ÈÖò _ç¢ã≤ì|∂º@~ü : #"À^ŒÜ«∞ |∞H±Ç¨Ï∫ãπ
P~°ºã¨=∂*ò =∞Ok~ü Z^Œ∞~°∞QÍ,
HÍzQÆ∂_» „HÍãπ ~À_£û, ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£ – 500 027.
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2011–12H˜ QÍ#∞ ˆHO„^Œ ™êÇ≤Ï`«º JHÍ_»g∞ ѨÙ~°™ê¯~°O
„ѨHõ\ ˜OzOk. nxx ~°zOz# _®. ™ê=∞Å ã¨^•t=QÍiH˜ =∂
Jaè#O^Œ#Å∞ `≥eÜ«∞*Ëã¨∞Î<åflO.
'K≥eq∞ ᶜO_Õ+¨<£— „ѨK«∞iOz# ã¨Ow`« ™êÇ≤Ï`åºÅ‰õΩ
ã¨O|OkèOz# "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ ѨÙã¨ÎHÍxˆH J`«∞º#fl`« ѨÙ~°™ê¯~°O
ÅaèOK«_»O =∂‰õΩ P#O^ŒO Hõeyã¨∞Î#flk.
D ~°OQÍʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# =∞i H˘xfl ѨÙã¨ÎHÍÅ#∞
„ѨK«∞iOK«_®xH˜ =∂‰õΩ L`åûǨÏO HõeÊOzOk. K≥eq∞
ᶜO_≥+¨<£ – áêÅÑ≤@ì `«~°Ñ¶¨Ù# _®. ™ê=∞Å ã¨^•t=QÍiÃÑ· D
ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOQÍ qq^èŒ ~°K«~Ú`«Å∞ ~åã≤# "庙êÅ#∞ XHõ KÀ@
KÕiÛ =∞~À ѨÙã¨ÎHÍxfl fã¨∞‰õΩ=ã¨∞Î<åfl=∞x `≥eÜ«∞*ËÜ«∞_®xH˜
ã¨O`À+≤ã¨∞Î<åflO.
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™ê=∂lHõ =∂~°∞Ê#∞ Ptã¨∂Î K≥eq∞ ᶜO_Õ+¨<£ `«# HÍ~°ºHõÖÏáêÅ∞
P~°OaèOzOk. <å@Hõ~°OQÆO, ã¨$[<å`«‡Hõ ~°K«#, Åe`« Hõà◊Å∞, ǨÏã¨ÎHõà◊Å∞,
=∞bìg∞_çÜ«∂ <≥·Ñ¨Ù}ϺÅ∞, P@Å∞ ... WÖÏ qq^èŒ ~°OQÍÖ’¡ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂Å∞ KÕѨ\ ˜ì#
z„Ť<£û Z_»∞ºˆH+¨#Öò PHÍ_»g∞ (1981)x `«#Ö’ qb#O KÕã¨∞‰õΩOk. Ü«Ú=`«‰õΩ
qq^èŒ JOâßÖ’¡ tHõ}Δ WKÕÛO^Œ∞‰õΩ ÃÇÏ· ^Œ~åÉÏ^£ Hõ=¸ºx\© HÍÖË*ò#∞ x~°fiÇ≤Ï™ÈÎOk.
1988 #∞Oz <Õ\ ˜ =~°‰Ωõ „Hõ=∞OQÍ K≥eq∞ ᶜO_Õ+<¨ £ `«# Ѩikèx qã¨Î $`«O
KÕã¨∞‰õΩOk. ã¨Ç¨Ï[=#~°∞Å∞, Ѩ~åº=~°}O, „QÍ=∂aè=$kú, Ѩ@ì}„Ѩ}ÏoHõ, =∂#=
r=# ǨωõΩ¯Å∞ ÖÏO\˜ qq^èŒ JOâßÅÃÑ· „ѨQÆujÅ ^Œ$HõÊ^äŒO`À =º=ǨÏi™ÈÎOk.
„Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞ºO, Ö∫H˜Hõ"å^•Å#∞ K≥eq∞ ᶜO_Õ+¨<£ qâ◊fiã≤™ÈÎOk.
J}QÍi# =~åæÅ Ñ≤Å¡Å L#fluH˜ ‰õÄ_® K≥eq∞ ᶜO_Õ+¨<£ Hõ$+≤ KÕ™ÈÎOk.
Ñ≤šʼnõΩ =∂#ã≤Hõ qHÍ™êxfl JOkOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ ÉÏÅK≥eq∞ =∂ã¨Ñ¨„uHõ#∞
"≥Å∞=iOzOk. *ÏfÜ«∞, JO`«~å˚fÜ«∞ ™ê÷~ÚÖ’ qq^èŒ =~ü¯ëêÑπÅ∞, ã¨^Œã¨∞ûÅ∞
x~°fiÇ≤ÏOzOk. „ѨѨOK«"åºÑ¨Î ™ê=∂lHõ ã¨Oã¨÷Å <≥\ò=~ü¯Ö’ ÉèÏQÆ"≥∞ÿOk.
ÉÏÅ™êÇ≤Ï`«ºO, q*Ï˝#O ÖÏO\˜ JOâßÅ`À ‰õÄ_ç# „ѨK«∞~°}Å#∞ K≥eq∞
ᶜO_Õ+<¨ £ "≥Å∞=i™ÈÎOk. K≥eq∞ Hõ^ÅŒä ∞ ÖÏO\˜ „ѨK∞« ~°}Å∞ WѨÊ\˜Hˆ "≥Å∞=_®¤~Ú.
`å*ÏQÍ WѨÙÊ_ô ã¨fi~°ÅÜ«∞Å∞ ѨÙã¨ÎHõO g∞ KÕ`«∞Ö’¡ LOk. =∞ixfl „ѨK«∞~°}Å∞
`«fi~°Ö’<Õ ~å#∞<åfl~Ú.
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~°K«~Ú`« QÆ∞iOz

™ê=∞Å ã¨^•t= (1928) HÍQÆ*ò#QÆ~üÖ’ Láê^蕺ܫ∞ =$uÎÖ’ 1947 =

ã¨O=`«û~°OÖ’ KÕ~å~°∞. 1983 = ã¨O=`«û~°O Éèí„^•K«ÅO „ѨÉèí∞`«fi ExÜ«∞~ü
HõàÏâßÅ „Ñ≤xûáêÖòQÍ L^ÀºQÆ q~°=∞} KÕã≤<å~°∞. "åÔ~ѨC_≥·<å `«=∞‰õΩ `å=Ú
Láê^蕺ܫÚxQÍ QÆ∞iÎOѨ٠á⁄O^Œ_®xˆH W+¨ìѨ_»`å~°∞. HõqQÍ, ~°K«~Ú`«QÍ
QÆ∞iÎOѨ|_»@O "åiH˜ ÃÑ^ŒÌQÍ ã¨=∞‡`«O HÍ^Œ∞. `å=Ú J=ÅOaèOz# z„`«ÖËY#O,
ã¨Ow`«O "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·# H˘xfl "åºÑ¨HÍÅÖ’ Hõq`« K≥ѨÊ@O, ~°K«#Å∞ KÕÜ«∞@O ‰õÄ_®
"åºÑ¨HÍÖË Jx PÜ«∞# ÉèÏq™êÎ~∞° . x*ÏxH˜ PÜ«∞xfl ^ŒQ~æÆ Q° Í K«∂¿ãÎ `«# ã¨fiÉèÏ"åxH˜
ã¨iѨ_ç# "åºÑ¨HõO K«^Œ∞=Ù K≥ѨÊ@"Õ∞.
ã¨^•t=QÍ~°∞ 1950 #∞O_ç 1980 =~°‰õΩ H˘xfl ~°K«#Å∞ KÕã≤<å~°∞. "å~°∞
`˘Å∞`« „ѨK«∞iOK«∞‰õΩ#fl ~°K«Å∞, Ô~O_»∞ YO_» HÍ"åºÅ∞, XHõ #=eHõ. `«~°∞"å`«
1963 #∞O_ç 1983 =~°‰õΩ PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò ™êÇ≤Ï`«º JHÍ_»g∞ L~°∂Ì J_»fi~Ú[s
É’~°∞¤ ã¨Éèí∞ºÅ∞QÍ =Ù#fl HÍÅOÖ’ =∞ixfl ѨÙã¨ÎHÍÅ∞ ~åã≤<å~°∞. ˆHO„^Œ ™êÇ≤Ï`«º
JHÍ_»g∞ "åà◊H¡ Àã¨O ''ˆHâ◊=ã¨∞`ü—— (=∞~åsî Hõq rq`« K«i„`«). PO„^è„Œ Ѩ^âÕ ò ™êÇ≤Ï`«º
JHÍ_»g∞ "åà◊¡HÀã¨O J=∞˚^£ ~°∞ÉÏ~ÚÅ `≥Å∞QÆ∞ J#∞"å^ŒO. "≥∂ÖÏ<å ~°∂g∞
=∞ã¨flq, á¶ê~°ã‘ #∞O_ç `≥Å∞QÆ∞ J#∞"å^ŒO, q∞~å˚QÍeÉò (rq`«=Ú - ~°K«#Å∞),
á¶ê~°ã‘ Hõ=ÙÅ „Ѩã¨H˜Î, L~°∂Ì Hõ=ÙÅ Hõq`å ™ê=∞„y "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·# ѨÙã¨ÎHÍÅ∞ ~åâß~°∞.
ã≤Ü∂« ã¨`ü "≥Ú^ŒÖ#·ˇ L~°∂Ì Ñ¨„uHõʼnõΩ 300 "庙êÅ∞ ~åâß~°∞. ã¨∞*Ï`«, Hõ$ëê‚Ñ„¨ uHõ,
ÉèÏ~°u, ™êÇ≤Ïu, PO„^è*Œ ’ºu, PO„^è„Œ ѨÉ,íè Ü«Ú=, *’ºu, "å~°,Î PO„^èÉŒ ∂íè q∞ "≥Ú^ŒÖ#·ˇ
Ѩ„uHõÖ’¡ ã¨∞=∂~°∞ 400 "庙êÅ∞ ~åâß~°∞.
L^ÀºQÆ q~°=∞} KÕã≤# `«~°∞"å`« Ѩ„uHõÅÖ’¡ „ѨK«∞i`åÖˇ·# "庙êÅ#∞
qq^èŒ ã¨Oã¨÷Å "å~°∞ Z<Àfl ѨÙã¨ÎHÍÅ#∞ „ѨK«∞iOK«∞‰õΩ<åfl~°∞.
J<ÕHõ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi, „ѨÉèí∞`Õfi`«~° J"å~°∞¤Å`À áê@∞ á⁄\˜ì N~å=ÚÅ∞ `≥Å∞QÆ∞
qâ◊fiq^•ºÅÜ«∞O "å~°∞ 1998Ö’ Q“~°= _®Hõìˆ~\ò`À Q“~°qOK«∞‰õΩOk.
J<ÕHõ ÉèÏ+¨Å J^躌 Ü«∞<åxH˜, J#∞"å^•ÅH˜, ã¨Ow`« âߢãΨ ~°K#« ÅH©, *Ï˝ÑH¨ ÍÅ
~°K«##ÅH© PÜ«∞#H˜ PÜ«∞<Õ ™ê\˜. WO`« K«Hõ¯x `≥Å∞QÆ∞ =K«#O ~å¿ã =∞~À
~°K«~Ú`« WѨC_»∞ ÖË_»O>Ë Juâ◊Ü≥∂H˜Î HÍ^Õ"≥∂.
vii
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<å =∂@ – ™ê=∞Å ã¨^•t= ..... xi

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5. [#™ê=∂#ºOÖ’ ã¨Ow`« ~°ã¨[˝`« ..... 16
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13. ™êHΔÍ`«∞Î ã¨~°ã¨fif=¸~°∞ÎÅ∞ ..... 54
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17. „¿Ñ=∞HÀã¨O QÍ# Hõà◊#∞ `åºQÆO KÕã≤#
„¿Ñq∞Hõ =`«ûÖÏÉÏ~Ú ..... 69
18. ã¨Ow`«OÃÑ· „â◊^•úÉèí‰õΩÎÅ∞ ..... 72
19. QÆ∞~°∞=Ù#∞ q∞Oz# t+¨μº~åÅ∞ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú ..... 76
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22. ã¨Ow`«OѨ@¡ Jáê~°"≥∞ÿ# Jaè=∂#O ..... 94
23. QÆOQÆ∂ÉÏ~Ú Ç¨ÏOQÆÖò QÍO^è•s ǨÏOQÆÖò ..... 99
24. HõàÏ™êÇ≤Ï`åºÅ xÅÜ«∞O QÍfieÜ«∞~ü ..... 102
25. âߢã‘ÎÜ«∞ ã¨Ow`åxfl P^ŒiOz#
~å*Ï=∂<£ã≤OQ∑ `À=∞~ü ..... 106
26. Ç≤ÏO^Œ∞™êÎh ã¨Ow`«OÖ’ Hõ$+¨‚ÉèíH˜Î ..... 110
27. Ç≤ÏO^Œ∞™êÎh ã¨Ow`åxH˜ P^Œ~°} ..... 112
28. P„QÍ Ñ¶¨∞~å<å ã¨Ow`«O ..... 119
29. QÆ∞~°∞=ÙÅ#∞ P~åkèOKÕ t+¨μºÅ∞ ..... 121
30. ÉÏѨÓr "≥∞ѨCá⁄Ok# |_ÕQÆ∞ÖÏ=∞bMÏ<£ ..... 124
31. HõàÏHÍ~°∞Å#∞ Q“~°qOz# =Ú~ås˚^ÕâßÜü∞ ..... 128
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34. ÉèËO_ç |*Ï~ü Ѷ¨∞~å<å ã¨Ow`«O ..... 140
35. "Õ∞"åf Ѷ¨∞~å<å ã¨Ow`«O ..... 142
36. |<å~°ãπ Ѷ¨∞~å<å ã¨Ow`«O ..... 143
37. ~î°∞„g∞ ..... 144
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Jk Ç≤ÏO^Œ∞™êÎh J~Ú<å Ѩ~åfiÖË^Œ∞. Hõ~å‚@Hõ J~Ú<å Ѩ~åfiÖË^Œ∞. HÍh
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P =ÚK«Û@ q#^ŒyO^Õ.
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J`«xO@ =∞~åsî ‰õÄ_® =∂\Ï¡_Õ"åà◊√¡.
=∂‰õΩ U_»=`«~°QÆu =~°‰õΩ L~°∂Ì "åK«HõO É’kèOz# ~å=∞<å^èŒ~å=Ù ™ê~ü
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"≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·# ~åQÍÅ∞ áê_ç qxÑ≤OKÕ"å_»∞.
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~åQÍÅ#∞ QÆ∞iOz U^À H˘O`« `≥eã≤#@∞¡ JxÑ≤OKÕk. x*ÏxH˜ `≥eã≤O^ŒO`«QÍ
ÖË^Œ∞.
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q∞„`«∞Å∞ H˘O^Œ~°∞ W`«~°„`å L^ÀºQÍÖ’¡ ã≤÷~°Ñ¨_®¤~°∞. H˘O^Œ~°∞ JHõ¯_Õ =Ù<åfl~°∞.
JѨÊ\˜HõO^ŒiH© ã¨Ow`«O XHõ "≥∂ã¨Î~°∞QÍ Ñ¨@∞ìѨ_çOk. =∞™ê^ÕÅ WO@ ã¨Ow`«
„â◊=}O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞O_Õk. =∞^èŒ∂Hõ~ü PKå~°º WO@ ^•ã¨#=q∞ ã¨O^Œ~åƒù# K«Hõ¯x
ã¨fi~°ÅÜ«∞Å∞
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=∞™ê^Õ, ™êOQ∑_Õ <å~åÜ«∞}~å=Ù. =~°≠Å =∞<ÀǨÏ~°~å=Ù `«=∞`«=∞ QÍ# Hõà◊#∞
qxÑ≤ O KÕ " åà◊ √ ¡ . |Ü« ∞ \˜ # ∞Oz =zÛ# XHõ i ^Œ Ì ~ ° ∞ q^•fiO㨠∞ Å∞ ‰õ Ä _®
qxÑ≤OKÕ"åà◊√¡. JѨÊ\˜H˜ <å‰õΩ H˘xfl ~åQÍŠѨiK«Ü«∞O U~°Ê_çOk. QÍÜ«∞#O
QÆ∞iOz XHõ J=QÍǨÏ# HõeyOk.
<å‰õÄ, <å q∞„`«∞ʼnõÄ ã¨Ow`«OѨ@¡ XH˜O`« Jaè~°∞z, XH˜O`« Pã¨H˜Î,
HõÅQÆ\ÏxH˜ HÍ~°}O z#flѨÊ\˜ #∞Oz <Õ<å „áêO`«OÖ’ =ÙO_»@"Õ∞.
1961 Ö’ L^ÀºQÆs`åº <Õ#∞ PkÖÏÉÏ^£ =zÛ<å#∞. WHõ¯_Õ ã≤÷~°x"åã¨O
ÜÕ∞~°Ê~°K«∞‰õΩ<åfl#∞. WHõ¯_çH˜ =zÛ# H˘`«ÎÖ’ JO>Ë, 1961 #∞Oz 1975 =~°‰õΩ
WHõ¯_ç ã¨Ow`« ~°ã¨A˝Å =∞^茺 =ÙO@∂ `«~°K«∞QÍ âߢã‘ÎÜ«∞ ã¨Ow`«O =ÚK«Û@∞¡
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<Õ#∞ <å Ü«∂kÖ’ ~åã≤# =ÚK«Û>Ë¡. <åÖ’#∂, <å q∞„`«∞Ö’¡#∂ WO`«\ ˜ ã¨Ow`«
ã¨Ê $Ç¨Ï HõeyOz# q∞„`«∞Ö’¡ XHõ q∞„`«∞xfl QÆ∞iOz WHõ¯_» „Ѩ`ÕºHõOQÍ
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q. âßO`å~åO ã≤x=∂Å â◊`«[Ü«∞Ou ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOQÍ Q˘Ñ¨Ê HÍ~°º„Hõ=∞O „Ѩ=ÚY `≥Å∞QÆ∞ Ѩ„uHõÖ’ K«kq<å#∞. P HÍ~°º„Hõ=∞O q#fl `«~°∞"å`« P =ÚK«Û@∞¡
x~° fi Ç≤ Ï Oz<å~° ∞ . x~åfiǨ Ï ‰õ Ω Ö’¡ =ÚY∞ºÅ∞ H˘Ö› Ñ ¨ Ó ~ü ~åA Kè « „ `« Ñ ¨ u ~å™êÎ#∞.)
™êǨ˙=∞Ǩ~å*ò H˘_»∞‰õΩ, kQ∑^Œ~°≈‰õΩ_»∞ q. âßO`å~åO H˘_»∞‰õΩ. P W^ŒÌ~°∞ ¿Ñ~°∞¡
WѨC_»∞ <å‰õΩ QÆ∞~°∞ΉõΩ ~å=_»OÖË^Œ∞. ã¨ÉèíÖ’ áêÖÁæx ã¨<å‡<åÅOk#"åà◊√¡,
âßO`å~åO ã≤x=∂Ö’ #\˜Oz# "åà◊√,¡ ѨxKÕã#≤ "åà◊√,¡ ã¨O`« `«∞HÍ~åO ã≤x=∂Ö’
`«∞HÍ~åO ‰õÄ`«∞~°∞QÍ #\˜Oz# JѨÊ\˜ Ѩ^ÕO_»¡ J=∂‡~Ú WѨC_»∞ 90 ÜÕ∞O_»¡
=$^Œú. „ѨÉèÏ`ü ã≤x=∂ ÉϺ#~üÖ’ ÉÏHÍ T^Œ∞`«∂ xÅ|_ç HõxÑ≤OKÕ JѨÊ\˜
ѨkѨ<≥flO_ÕO_»¡ J=∂‡~Ú WѨC_»∞ 90 ÜÕ∞O_»¡ =$^Œú. ™êǨ˙"≥∞^ŒH± ÉèÏ~°º. #\˜
ã¨∞Ö’K«#. "åà◊§O^Œih =∞m§ XHõ™êi K«∂_»@O. "åi ÉèÏ"åÅ∞ q#@O P#O^ŒO
HõeyOzOk.
q. âßO`å~åO ^Œ~°≈Hõ`«fiO =Ç≤ÏOz# „ѨÉèÏ`ü HõOÃÑh ã≤x=∂Å
â◊`«[Ü«∞Ou L`«û"åÅ∞ Q˘Ñ¨ÊQÍ [iy#=x ~åã≤<å#∞. P L`«û"åʼnõΩ =ÚO^Œ∞
q. âßO`å~åO „ѨÉèÏ`ü HõOÃÑhÖ’#∞, ~å*òHõ=∞Öò HõàÏ=∞Ok~üÖ’#∞ xi‡Oz#
ã≤x=∂Å∞ =~°∞ã¨QÍ K«∂Ñ≤Oz<å~°∞. âßO`å~åO ã≤x=∂Å∞ KåÖÏ =~°‰õΩ

7 P„Hõq∞OK«∞‰õΩ#flѨC_»∞, "åà◊¡ <≥kiOKÕ â◊H˜Î™ê=∞~å÷ºÅ∞ =∞# ^ÕâßxH˜ ÖË=x
ã¨Ow`« =∂^茺=∞OÖ’ ÉèíH˜Î ã¨Ow`«O
^Œ∞óMò"Õ∞ ã¨∞q∞~°<£ ã¨ÉòHõˆ~ ã¨∞Mò"Õ∞ Hõˆ~#HÀÜü∞
*’ ã¨∞Mò"Õ∞ ã¨∞q∞~°<£ Hõˆ~–^Œ∞óMò HÍ¿ÇωõÄǨϟÜü∞ II
Wk Hõc~ü ^ÀǨ. ''=∂#=ÙÅ∞ ÉèíQÆ=O`«∞xfl ^Œ∞óY=ÚÖ’ 㨇i™êÎ~°∞.
ã¨∞Y=ÚÖ’ =∞~°záÈ`å~°∞. ã¨∞YOÖ’ ‰õÄ_® ÉèQí =Æ O`«∞xfl 㨇iOKÕ fiHõ "åà◊‰¡ Ωõ O>Ë
^Œ∞óY"≥∞O^Œ∞‰õΩ HõÅ∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok?—— JO@∞<åfl_»∞, =∞Ǩ*Ï˝x J~Ú# Hõc~ü^•ãπ.
x["Õ∞. ^≥·"åxfl #"Õ∞‡ =∞`«"Õ∞^Œ~Ú<å P =∞`åxfl J=ÅOaèOz# "åà◊√§
Hõ+Hì¨ ÍÅOÖ’ ^≥"· åxfl J<ÕHõ ~°HÍÅ∞QÍ ã¨‡i™êÎ~∞° , ã¨∞uÎ ™êÎ~∞° , „áêi÷™êÎ~∞° , ™È΄`«QÍ#O
KÕ™êÎ~°∞. P ™È΄`«QÍ<åxfl Éèí[# JO\Ï~°∞. ã¨ÖÏ"£∞ JO\Ï~°∞. <åuÜ«∂ HõÖÏ"£∞
JO\Ï~°∞. Ç≤ÏO^Œ∞=ÙÅ∞ J<ÕHõ ^Õ=`«Å#∞ #=Ú‡`å~°∞. ÉèÏ~°`«^Õâ◊O "≥Ú`«ÎOÖ’
~å=Ú_»∞, Hõ$+¨µ‚_»∞, ^Œ∞~°æ, t=Ù_»∞ P~å^茺 ^Õ=`«Å∞. D #Å∞QÆ∞~°∞ ^Õ=`«Å
™È΄`«QÍ#O J<ÕHõ ÉèÏ+¨Ö’¡ J<ÕHõ ~°HÍÅ∞QÍ ™êQÆ∞`«∞#flk. ^ŒH} ∆˜ Ï# u~°∞Ѩu "≥OHõ#fl
(ÉÏÖÏl) QÆ}Ѩu, ã¨∞„|Ǩχ}º™êfiq∞, JÜ«∞ºÑ¨Ê™êfiq∞ P~å^èŒ# [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok.
^ŒH˜∆}Ïk Ñ¨Öˇ¡ „áêO`åÖ’¡ ^Œâ◊=∞Ǩq^ŒºÅ#|_Õ â◊‰õΩΊѨÓ[ [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok.
=∞#^Õâ◊OÖ’ Kåi„`«HõOQÍ QÍh, ~å[H©Ü«∞OQÍ QÍh =∂#= ã¨=∂*ÏxH˜
ã¨OHõ@ Ѩiã≤÷`«∞ÖË~°Ê_ç#ѨC_»∞ *Ï˝#∞Öˇ·# Ü≥∂QÆ∞Å∞ ã¨=∂*Ïxfl ã¨OѶ¨∞\˜`« ѨiKÕ
„Ѩܫ∞`«flO KÕ™êÎ~°∞. ã¨`«º"å‰õΩ¯Å#∞, Ç≤Ï`« "å‰õΩ¯Å#∞ É’kè™êÎ~°∞. „¿Ñ=∞ÉèÏ=##∞
ÃÑOá⁄Ok™êÎ~°∞. HõŇëêÅ#∞, ^ÕfiëêÅ#∞ `˘Åy™êÎ~°∞. =∂#=ÙÅ PÖ’K«#Å#∞
^≥·=O "≥·Ñ¨Ù =∞~°e™êÎ~°∞. ^≥·=^蕺#OÖ’ ^≥·=ã¨∞ÎuÖ’ `«b¡#∞Öˇ· PѨ^ŒÅ#∞ q㨇iOz
P#O^Œ„áêÑ≤ÎÔH· P~å@Ѩ_»`å~°∞.
=∞#^Õâ◊ K«i„`«Ö’ W@∞=O\˜ ã¨OѶ¨∞@#Å∞ KåÖÏ [iy<å~Ú. J#º
=∞`«ã¨∞ÎÅ∞ =∞# ^Õâ◊O g∞^Œ ^ŒO_»Ü«∂„`«Å∞ KÕã≤, ^Õâ◊OÖ’x H˘O`«ÉèÏQÍxfl
27 ã¨Ow`« =∂^茺=∞OÖ’ ÉèíH˜Î ã¨Ow`«O
"≥à◊¡_≥·#ѨC_»∞ W@∞=O\˜ Ü≥∂y ѨÙOQÆ=ÙÅ∞ âßOu"åHͺÅ∞, hu "åHͺÅ∞,
Ç≤Ï`«"åHͺÅ∞, ÉèíH˜Î"åHͺÅ∞ „Ѩ[Å =∞<À^è≥·~åºxfl HÍáê_»QÆey<å~Ú. PѨ^ŒÅ
<≥^Œ∞~˘¯<Õ Ãã÷Â~åºxfl KÕ‰õÄ~°ÛQÆey<å~Ú. "Õ~°∞ "Õ~°∞ =∞`åÅ"åà◊√¡ Ѩ~°ã¨Ê~°O Hõeã≤
rqOK«=Åã≤# Ѩiã≤`÷ ∞« ÖË~Ê° _ç#ѨC_»∞ Ѩ~㰠ʨ ~°O ã¨∞ǨÏ$^•ƒù=O`À Hõeã≤ rqOK«ÖxË
ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ Hõc~ü "å}˜ qxÑ≤OzOk.
Hõc~å Y_® | *Ï~ü"Õ∞ – ã¨ÉòH© =∂OˆQ Mˇ·~ü
<å HÍǨ˙¿ã ^Àã‘Î – <å HÍǨ˙¿ã ɡ·~ü
''JOQÆ\’¡ xÅ∞ÛO_ç JO^Œi ã¨∞YâßO`«∞Å∞ HÀ~°∞`«∞<åfl_»∞ Hõc~ü. `«#‰õΩ
Z=i`À "≥∞ÿ„uÖË^Œ∞. Z=i`À "≥·~°O ÖË^Œ∞. q=Hõ∆, ѨHõ∆áê`«O ÖˉõΩO_®
=∂#=ÙÅO^Œ~°∂ J`«xH˜ HÍ=Åã≤# "åàı¡.—— =Å¡Éèí ã¨O„Ѩ^•Ü«∂xH˜ K≥Ok# ÉèíHõÎHõq
ã¨∂~°^•ã¨∞ Éèí[#Å∞ qxÑ≤Oz<å~Ú. `«∞Åã‘^•ãπ '~å=∞K«i`«=∂#ãπ—`À áê@∞,
~å=∞Éèí[#Å#∞, ^ÀǨÅ#∞ qxÑ≤ã¨∂Î „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ Ѩ~°=∂#O^£ HõeyOKÕ „Ѩܫ∞`«flO
™êyOz<å_»∞. g∞~åÉÏ~Ú Hõ$+¨‚ „¿Ñ=∞#∞ „ѨKå~°O KÕÜ«∞™êyOk. JO`«=~°‰õΩ
^ŒH˜∆O}OÖ’ ÉèíHõÎ Hõ=ÙÅ∞, PKå~°∞ºÅ∞ K≥Ñ≤Ê# Éèí[#ÖË HÍx ÉèíH˜Î ÉèÏ"åÅ∞
L^Œº=∞~°∂ѨOQÍ "≥Å∞=_»ÖË^Œ∞. QÀÅH˘O_», c*ÏѨÓ~ü ã¨∞ÖÏÎ#∞Å HÍÅOÖ’ D
ÉèÏ"åÅ∞ L^Œº=∞ ~°∂ѨO ^•eÛ<å~Ú. XHõ"≥·Ñ¨Ù ~å=∞^•ã¨∞ H©~°Î#Å∞ WOHÀ"≥·Ñ¨Ù
áêâ◊√~åÅ =O\˜ "≥·+¨‚= ™êÇ≤Ï`«ºO qã¨ÎiÅ¡™êyOk. Jg∞~üY∞„™È, Hõc~ü^•ãπÅ
#∞Oz ™êQÆ∞`«∞#fl D ÉèíH˜Î ™êÇ≤Ï`«ºO ã¨Ow`« =∂^茺=∞OQÍ<Õ ™êQÆ@O qâı+¨O.
"≥#∞Hõ\ ˜ x*ÏO ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ `«∂~°∞Ê# `≥ÅOQÍ}Ï lÖÏ¡Å∞, Ѩ_»=∞@
=∞~å~îåfi_® lÖÏ¡Å∞O_Õq. WѨC_»∞ =∞~å~îåfi_® lÖÏ¡Å∞ H˘xfl Hõ~å‚@HõÖ’
qb#"≥∞ÿ<å~Ú. JkèHõâß`«O lÖÏ¡Å∞ =∞Ǩ~å¢+¨ìÖ’ qb#"≥∞ÿ<å~Ú. =∞Ǩ~å¢+¨ìÖ’
qb#"≥∞ÿ# B~°OQÍÉÏ^£ Ѩiã¨~° „áêO`«OÖ’ áê~°=∂i÷Hõ l*Ï˝ã¨QÆÅ ÉèíHõÎ [#∞Å∞
H˘O^Œ~°∞ J=`«iOz<å~°∞. J@∞=O\˜ ÉèíHõÎ[#∞Å HÍ~°}OQÍ =∞Ǩ~å¢+¨ìÖ’x KåÖÏ
ÉèÏQÆ=ÚÖ’ Hõ~å‚@HõÖ’x H˘O`«ÉèÏQÆOÖ’ ÉèíH˜Î "Õ^•O`åÅ „ѨKå~°O |Ǩïà◊OQÍ
™êyOk. ÉèíH˜Î "Õ^•O`åÅ „ѨKå~°O ™êyOz# ã¨O`«∞Å#∞ UHõ HÍÅOÖ’ =Ù#fl@∞¡
z„uOK«_»O [iyOk. HÍ#~Ú`Õ "åà◊¡O`å UHõHÍÅOÖ’ "≥Åã≤# "åà◊√¡HÍ~°∞. "Õ~°∞
ã¨fi~°ÅÜ«∞Å∞ 28
"Õ ~ ° ∞ HÍÖÏʼnõ Ω K≥ O k# 㨠O 㨠¯ $`« =∞Ǩ  Hõ = ÙÅ∞ ^è • ~å#QÆ ~ åkè Ñ ¨ u Ü≥ ÿ ∞ #
Éè’[=∞Ǩ~åA P™ê÷#OÖ’ =Ù#fl@∞ìQÍ "≥#Hõ\ ˜ ѨO_ç`«∞Å∞ HõeÊ`« Hõ^äŒÅe¡<å~°∞.
P Hõ^äŒÅ∞ HõeÊ`åÖË HÍ=K«∞Û. Kåi„`«HõOQÍ ã¨Ô~·#q HÍHõáÈ=K«∞Û. HÍx P HõeÊ`«
Hõ^äŒÅ=Å¡<Õ ã¨O㨯 $`« Hõ=ÙÅ QÆ∞iOz „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ K«Hõ¯\˜ ѨiK«Ü«∞O HõeyOk. J\Ï¡ˆQ
=∞Ǩ~å¢+¨ì ÉèíHõÎ Hõ=ÙÅO^Œix XˆH HÍÅOÖ’, XˆH „Ѩ^ÕâßxH˜ KÕiÛ Hõ^äŒÅe¡#O^Œ∞
=Å# ÉèíH˜ÎÉèÏ=O Ѩ@¡ Pã¨H˜ÎQÆÅ [#∞ÅO^ŒiH˜ ÉèíHõÎ Hõ=ÙÅ`À K«Hõ¯\˜ ѨiK«Ü«∞O
ÜÕ∞~°Ê_çOk.
x*ÏxH˜, Kåi„`«HõOQÍ K«∂¿ãÎ *Ï˝#^Õ=Ù_»∞, UHõ<å^ä£, <å"£∞^Õ"£, `«∞HÍ~å"£∞,
#~°Ç¨Ïi™È<å~ü, KÀMÏ"Õ∞ÖÏÅ∞ UHõHÍÅOÖ’ rqOz# "å~°∞ HÍ~°∞. HÍh
"åà◊¡O^Œih HõeÑ≤ Je¡# Hõ^äŒÅ∞ „ѨKå~°OÖ’ =Ù<åfl~Ú. P Hõ^äŒÅ HÍ~°}OQÍ<Õ
PÜ«∂ ÉèíHõÎ Hõ=ÙÅѨ@¡ „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ Pf‡Ü«∂aè=∂<åÅ∞ ÃÑiy<å~Ú. Ѩiâ’^èŒ# ^•fi~å
D ÉèíHõÎ Hõ=ÙÅ HÍÅ x~°‚Ü«∞O *Ë¿ã ѨO_ç`«∞Å∞ `«aƒ|∞ƒÑ¨_®¤~°∞. "åà◊√¡ KÕã≤#
x~°‚Ü«∂Å∞ ‰õÄ_® ã¨iQÍ ‰õΩ^Œ~°ÖË^Œ∞. q=∞~°≈ʼnõΩ QÆ∞i J~Ú<å~Ú. =∞#O P
z‰õΩ¯Ö’¡ Ѩ_»‰õΩO_® P ÉèíHõÎHõ=ÙÅ QÆ∞iOz =∂\Ï¡_»∞‰õΩO^•=Ú. "åà◊§#∞ QÆ∞iOz
=∂\Ï¡_»∞HÀ=@O ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë "åà◊√¡ xi‡Oz# ÉèíH˜Î ™êÇ≤Ï`«ºO ã¨Ow`å`«‡Hõ"≥∞ÿ#k.
P ã¨Ow`«O W@∞ =∞Ǩ~å¢+¨ì „áêO`«OÖ’#∞, J@∞ Hõ~å‚@Hõ „áêO`«OÖ’#∞
„â◊=}¿ÑÜ«∞OQÍ, ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∞~°O[#OQÍ qã¨ÎiOzOk.
*Ï˝<Õâ◊fi~ü ÉèíQÆ=næ`å "åºMϺ# ~°∂ѨOÖ’, Fg Kè«O^Œã¨∞ûÖ’ ~åã≤#
''*Ï˝<âÕ fi◊ i—— =∞~åsî ÉèÏ+¨Ö’ „áê=∂}˜H"õ ∞≥ #ÿ ÉèHí Θ "Õ^•O`« „QÆO^ä=Œ Ú. JO^Œe =∞~åsî
QÆ ∂ _® „áêp#"≥ ∞ ÿ # k. *Ï˝ < Õ â ◊ fi ~° ∞ _» ∞ K« ∂ Ñ≤ # @∞ì Q Í K≥ Ñ ¨ Ê |_Õ =∞Ç≤ Ï =∞Å∞
#=∞‡â◊Hõº"≥∞ÿ#q HÍ=Ù. J~Ú`Õ *Ï˝<Õâ◊fi~°∞_»∞ <å^èŒ ã¨O„Ѩ^•Ü«∂xH˜ K≥Ok# Ü≥∂y
Hõ#∞Hõ ǨÏ~î°Ü≥∂QÆ ã≤^Œ∞úÅ∞ á⁄Ok# <å^èŒ ã¨O„Ѩ^•Ü«ÚʼnõΩ =∞Ç≤Ï=∞Å∞ ã≤kú™êÎÜ«∞x
P<å\˜ ã¨=∂[O #q∞‡Ok Hõ#∞Hõ *Ï˝<Õâ◊fi~°∞_»∞ =∞Ç≤Ï=∞Å∞ QÆÅ"å_Õ#x Ö’HõO
#=Ú‡`«∞Ok. *Ï˝<Õâ◊fi~°∞x =∞Ç≤Ï=∞Å∞ q#fl KèåOQÆ^Õ=Ù_»∞ J<Õ Ç¨Ï~î°Ü≥∂y J`«xfl
ѨsH˜∆OK«\ÏxH˜ ÃÑ^ŒÌѨÙe g∞^Œ "≥o¡<å_»x, `«# ™È^Œ~°∞Å`À#∞, ™È^Œi`À#∞ Hõeã≤
"≥ÚO_çQÀ_»g∞^Œ ‰õÄ~°∞Û#fl *Ï˝<Õâ◊fi~°∞_»∞, P "≥ÚO_çQÀ_»<Õ #_çÑ≤ã¨∂Î P ǨÏ~î°Ü≥∂yH˜
Z^Œ∞~°∞QÍ "≥o<¡ å_»x, P ǨÏ~îÜ ° ∂≥ y KèåOQÆ^=Õ Ù_»∞ *Ï˝<âÕ fi◊ ~°∞x Ü≥∂QÆâH◊ Î̃ ZO`«\ ^˜ À
QÆ∞iÎOz, `«# ѨÙe"åǨÏ#=Ú ky J`«xH˜ „Ѩ}q∞e¡, J`«xH˜ t+¨µº_≥·<å_»x XHõ
29 ã¨Ow`« =∂^茺=∞OÖ’ ÉèíH˜Î ã¨Ow`«O
Hõ^äŒ =Ù#flk. <å^èŒ ã¨O„Ѩ^•Ü«∂xH˜ K≥Ok# Ü≥∂QÆ∞Å∞ Ü≥∂QÆ™ê^茉õΩÖË HÍx Éèí‰õΩÎÅ∞
HÍ~°x, XHõ"Õà◊ Éèí‰õΩÎÖˇ·<å Pk<å^èŒ∞_»∞ â◊OHõ~°∞_»∞ Hõ#∞Hõ t=Éèí‰õΩÎÅ∞ J=Ù`å~°∞
HÍx q~îŪ° ∞x Éè‰í Ωõ ÖÎ \ˇ Ï¡ J=Ù`å~°x XHõ "å^Œ=Ú#flk. HÍ|\˜ì <å^èŒ ã¨O„Ѩ^•Ü«∂xH˜
K≥Ok# Ü≥∂y *Ï˝<Õâ◊fi~°∞_»x q~ŠÉèí‰õΩÎ_»∞ *Ï˝#^Õ=Ù_»x, "åo¡^ŒÌ~°∞ XHõ¯~°∞ HÍ~°x
H˘O^Œ~°∞ Ѩiâ’^茉õΩÅ∞ ã¨Oâ◊Ü«∞O =ºHõÎO KÕã≤<å~°∞. P W^ŒÌ~°∞ XHõ¯ˆ~#x H˘O^Œ~°∞
ѨO_ç`∞« Å∞ x~åúiOz<å~°∞. P Q˘_»=`À ã¨Ow`« „â◊=}Ïã¨HÎ̃ QÆÅ =∞#‰õΩ ã¨O|O^èOŒ
ÖË^Œ∞.
D Hõ^èŒÅÖ’¡ H˘xfl Hõ=∞‡x Hõ^äŒÅ∞ ‰õÄ_® =Ù<åfl~Ú-
ѨO_»sѨÙ~°O "≥àı¡ Éèí‰õΩÎÅ∞ =∞^≥ÌÅ `åàÏÅ∞ "å~Úã¨∂Î, H©~°Î#Å∞ áê_»∞`«∂,
<å@ºO KÕã¨∂Î, ZHõ¯_≥Hõ¯_ç #∞OKÀ #_çz=zÛ Ñ¨O_»iѨÙ~°O KÕ~°∞‰õΩO\Ï~°∞.
™ê^è•~°}OQÍ q~î°ªÅ~°∞‰õΩ=∂~¸Å ~°^èŒO uiˆQ Pëê_è» UHÍ^ŒtH˜ ѨO_»iѨÙ~°OÖ’
=ÙO\Ï~°∞. =∞^≥ÌÅ `åàÏÅ`À H©~°Î#Å∞ áê_»∞`«∂ ^Œ∂~åÅ #∞Oz =KÕÛ W@∞=O\˜
Éèí‰õΩÎÅ#∞ '"å~°¯s—ÅO\Ï~°∞. D "å~°¯sÅ∞ Éèí‰õΩÎÅ∞#fl Tà◊¡g∞k #∞Oz "≥à◊`å~°∞.
XHõѨC_»∞ W@∞=O\˜ "å~°¯s Éèí‰õΩÎÅ∞ QÀ~å ‰õΩOÉèÏ~ü x"åã¨=Ú#fl TiH˜
=zÛ<å~°@. "å~°¯sÅ#∞ ¿ãqOz L#flO`«Ö’ „Ѩ™ê^ŒO uxÑ≤Oz ã¨O`«∞+≤ìѨ~°K«@O
QÆ$ǨÏã¨∞÷Å ^èŒ~°‡O. QÆ$ǨÏã¨∞÷_≥·# QÀ~å‰õΩOÉèÏ~ü ã¨fiÜ«∞OQÍ Q˘Ñ¨Ê Éèí‰õΩÎ_»∞ Hõ#∞Hõ `«#
WO\˜H˜ Ju^ä∞Œ Å∞QÍ =zÛ# *Ï˝#^Õ=Ù UHõ<å^ä,£ <å"£∞^Õ"£ "≥Ú^ŒÖ#·ˇ =∞Ǩ Éè‰í Ωõ ÅÎ #∞
`«QÆ∞su ¿ãqOK«∞‰õΩ<åfl_»@. "åà◊√¡ q„âßOu fã¨∞‰õΩO@∂ =ÙO_»QÍ QÀ~å ‰õΩOÉèÏ~ü
K«ÖÏ¡i# P=OÖ’x ‰õΩO_»Å#∞ ѨsH˜∆ã¨∂Î ‰õÄ~°∞Û<åfl_»@. J#∞=∂#=∞xÑ≤Oz#
‰õΩO_»Å#∞ KÕuÖ’x Hõ„~°K≥Hõ¯`À H˘_»∞`«∞<åfl_»@. J^ŒO`å K«∂ã¨∞Î#fl XHõ Éèí‰õΩÎ_»∞,
''Uq∞ KÕ ã ¨ ∞ Î < åfl=Ù QÀ~å!—— Jx „Ѩ t flOK« Q Í, ''™êfig∞! Ѩ H õ fi Ѷ ¨ ∞ \ÏÅ#∞,
JѨHõfiѶ¨∞\ÏÅ#∞ ѨsH˜∆ã¨∞Î<åfl#∞. JѨHõfi Ѷ¨∞\ÏÅ#∞ `˘Åyã¨∞Î<åfl#∞—— Jx ["å|∞
K≥Ñ≤Ê<å_»@ QÀ~å. q„âßOuQÍ ‰õÄ~°∞Û#fl *Ï˝#^Õ=Ù_»∞ HõÅ∞QÆ*Ëã¨∞H˘x, ''=∂Ö’#∂
H˘xfl JѨHõfiѶ¨∞\ÏÅ∞<åfl~Ú Ñ¨sH˜∆OK«∞ QÀ~å!—— Jx P^ÕtOz<å_»@. J`«x P^Õâ◊O
QÀ~å‰õΩ t~À^è•~°ºO. `«# KÕuÖ’x Hõ„~°KH≥ ¯õ fã¨∞H˘x QÀ~å‰õΩOÉèÏ~ü JHõ¯_» q„âßOu
fã¨∞‰õΩO@∞#fl Éèí‰õΩÎÅO^Œi `«ÅÅg∞^Œ H˘@ì™êy<å_»@. QÀ~å =∞ǨÉèí‰õΩÎ_»∞ Hõ#∞Hõ
JHõ¯_ç Éè‰í Ωõ ÖÎ =ˇ ~°∂ H˜=∞‡#ÖË^@
Œ . Ü«Ú=‰õΩ_≥#· <å"£∞^Õ"£ =∂„`«O qkeOK«∞H˘xÖËz
''W^Õq∞\˜ g∞ WO\’¡ J#flO u#flO^Œ∞‰õΩ `«Å ѨQÆ∞ÅQ˘\˜ìOK«∞HÀ"åÖÏ?—— Jx
ã¨fi~°ÅÜ«∞Å∞ 30
"å^•xH˜ ky<å_»@. QÀ~å ‰õΩOÉèÏ~ü Hõ~°„K≥Hõ¯ H˜O^ŒÃÑ\˜ì, ''Wk JѨHõfiѶ¨∞@=∞——x
`ÕeÛ K≥Ñ≤Ê<å_»@. ã¨OQÆu ã¨O^Œ~åƒùÅ∞ `≥Å∞ã¨∞‰õΩ#fl <å"£∞^Õ"£ ã≤QÆ∞æѨ_ç, `«#Ö’ÉèíH˜Î
ѨiѨHõfi`« HõeyOKÕ *Ï˝# ѨiѨÓ~°∞‚_≥·# QÆ∞~°∞=Ù ZHõ¯_» ^˘~°∞‰õΩ`å_À Jx
qKå~°OÖ’ =Úxy<å_»@. *Ï˝#^Õ=Ù_»∞, *Ï˝# ѨiѨÓ~°∞‚_≥·# QÆ∞~°∞=Ù qâ’ÉÏMËK«~ü
^ŒQÆæ~°Ö’<Õ XHõ áê_»∞|_ç# t"åÅÜ«∞OÖ’ =ÙO\Ï_»x J`«xfl ^Œi≈OK«∞HÀ"åÅx
ã¨ÅǨ WzÛ<å_»@. qâ’ÉèÏMËK«~ü ‰õÄ_® PHÍâ◊QÆ=∞# ã≤kú á⁄Ok# ǨÏ~î°Ü≥∂ˆQ.
J`«xfl "≥`«∞‰õΩ`«∂ <å"£∞^Õ"£ "≥àı¡=~°‰õΩ qâ’ÉÏ áê_»∞|_ç# QÆ∞_çQÀ_»‰õΩ KÕ~°yÅ|_ç
t=eOQÆO g∞^Œ Ô~O_»∞ HÍà◊√¡ ÉÏ~°*ÏÑ≤ q„âßOu fã¨∞‰õΩO@∞<åfl_»@. P ^Œ$âߺxfl
K« ∂ _» Q Í<Õ Ü« Ú =‰õ Ω _≥ · # <å"£ ∞ ^Õ " £ "Õ _ ç ~ ° H õ Î O á⁄OyOk. Ü≥ ∂ yx <å<å
=∂@Å<åfl_»∞. P JÅ¡iH˜ "Õ∞ÖÁ¯#fl Ü≥∂y ã≤QÆ∞æѨ_»¤@∞ì KÕã≤, ''á⁄~°áê>Ë [iyOk
<åÜ«∞<å! <Õ#∞ =Úã¨e"åxfl. <å HÍà◊√¡ <Õ#∞ `˘ÅyOK«∞‰õΩ<Õ â◊H˜Î <åÖ’ ÖË^Œ∞.
W^ŒO`å K«∂_»ÖËHõ áÈ`«∞<åfl=Ù QÆ#Hõ ^ŒÜ«∞*Ëã≤ <å HÍà◊¡#∞ t=eOQÆO g∞k #∞Oz
<ÕÅg∞kH˜ [~°∞Ѩٗ—=∞x "Õ_»∞‰õΩ<åfl_»@. <å"£∞^Õ"£ HÀѨO`À P Ü≥∂y HÍà◊¡#∞
<ÕÅg∞kH˜ [i¿Ñ „Ѩܫ∞`«flOKÕ¿ãÎ JHõ¯_˘Hõ t=eOQÆO =zÛ KÕiO^Œ@. P HÍà◊¡#∞
Z@∞"≥·Ñ¨Ù [iÑ≤`Õ J@∞"≥·Ñ¨Ù XHõ t=eOQÆO. <å"£∞^Õ"£ k„Q̓ùOuK≥Ok, ''Uq∞\˜
™êfig∞ W^ŒO`å!—— Jx n#OQÍ „ѨtflOz<å_»@. Ü≥∂y #qfi ''<åÜ«∞<å! #∞qfiHõ¯_çH˜
ѨiѨHõfi`« HÀã¨O =zÛ<å=Ù QÆ^•! Ѩ~°=∂`«‡ÖËx „Ѩ^Õâ◊O D ã¨$+≤ìÖ’ P=yO[O`«
ÖË^Œ#fl ã¨`«ºO `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ—— Jx *Ï˝#É’^èŒ KÕã≤<å_»@.
D Hõ^äŒ 'ã¨~°fiO Yefi^ŒO „|Ǩχ— J<Õ =∞Ǩ"åHͺxH˜ q=~°}Ï`«‡HõOQÍ
=Ù#flk.
UHõ HÍÅOÖ’ HÍHõ "Õ~°∞ "Õ~°∞ HÍÖÏÅÖ’ "≥Åã≤<å =∞ǨÉèí‰õΩÎÅO`å
UHõHÍÅOÖ’<Õ Hõeã≤=Ù#fl@∞¡ K≥¿ÑÊ Hõ^äŒÅ∞<åfl~Ú. D Hõ^äŒÅ =¸ÅOQÍ<Õ D ÉèíHõÎ
Hõ=ÙÅ#∞ =∞#O ѨiK«Ü«∞O KÕã¨∞‰õΩ<åfl=Ú. gà◊¡O`å ã¨O`«∞Å∞. HÍ|\˜ì gà◊√¡
~°zOz# ÉèíH˜Î Hõq`«Å#∞ ã¨O`ü"å}˜ JO\Ï~°∞. =∞~åsî ã¨O`ü"å}˜ KåÖÏ=~°‰õΩ
JÉèíOQÍÅ ~°∂ѨOÖ’ =Ù#flk. *Ï˝#^Õ"£, <å"£∞^Õ"£, UH±<å^ä£, [<åÉÏ~Ú, `«∞HÍ~åO
"≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·# ÉèíHõÎ tMÏ=∞}∞Å Hõ$`«∞Å∞ J<ÕHõOQÍ ÅaèOz<å~Ú. P Hõ$`«∞Åhfl
JÉèíOQÍÅ ~°∂ѨOÖ’<Õ =Ù<åfl~Ú. x~°∞æ} „|Ǩ‡xfl ã¨QÆ∞} ~°∂ѨOÖ’ =i‚ã¨∂Î
ã¨O`«Hõ=ÙÅ∞ `«=∞ ÉèíH˜Î áê~°=âߺxfl „Ѩ^Œi≈OK«∞‰õΩ<åfl~°∞. "åà◊¡ ã¨QÆ∞} ~°∂ѨO
31 ã¨Ow`« =∂^茺=∞OÖ’ ÉèíH˜Î ã¨Ow`«O
ѨO_»iÖ’ "≥Åã≤# áêO_»∞~°OQÆ q~î°ªÅ∞_»∞. D q~î°ªÅ∞_»∞ ѨO_»iÖ’ "≥Åã≤# Hõ^äŒ
q#^ŒyO^Õ.
ѨÙO_»b‰õΩ_»∞ ÉèÏ~åº "åº"≥∂ǨÏO֒Ѩ_ç =$^Œ∞úÖˇ·# `«e¡^ŒO„_»∞Å#∞ ~°Hõ~°HÍÅ
Hõ+¨ìÃÑ\˜ì<å_»∞. P HõëêìÅ∞ ã¨Ç≤ÏOѨÖËx =$^Œú ^ŒOѨ`«∞Å∞ `«=∞ „QÍ=∞O #∞O_ç
"≥à√◊ `«∞#fl XHõ "å~°¯s |$O^ŒO`À Hõeã≤ ѨO_ès» ѨÙ~°O |Ü«∞Å∞^Õi<å~°∞. ‰õΩÑ≤`∞« _≥#·
ѨÙO_»b‰õΩ_»∞ J`«x ÉèÏ~°º, "åà◊¡#∞ =∞eÑ≤`Õ=\ÏxH˜ QÆ∞é]O g∞^Œ |Ü«∞Å∞^Õi<å~°∞.
=∂~° æ = ∞^è Œ º OÖ’<Õ `« e ¡ ^ Œ O „_» ∞ Å ¿ã= ZO`« Q ˘Ñ¨ Ê ^À „QÆ Ç ≤ Ï OK« Q Æ e y<å~° ∞ .
ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∞Ѩi=~°Î# K≥Ok# "åà◊¡~Ú<å~°∞. `«e¡^ŒO„_»∞Å#∞ WO\˜H˜ `À_˘¯x =zÛ
„¿Ñ=∞`À ¿ãqOK«™êy<å~°∞. "åà◊¡ rq`åxH˜ UÔH·Hõ ÅHõ∆ ºO =∂`åÑ≤`«~°∞Å ¿ã"Õ
J~ÚOk.
XHõ<å_»∞ ѨÙO_»bHõ ^ŒOѨ`«∞Å∞ =$^Œú =∂`åÑ≤`«~°∞Å ¿ã=Ö’ x=∞QÆ∞flÖˇ·
=ÙO_»QÍ J`«xѨ@¡ „Ѩã¨#∞fl_≥·# áêO_»∞~°OQÆ q~î°ªÅ∞_»∞ ~°∞H˜‡}©^Õq`À Hõeã≤
J`«xO\˜H˜ "ÕOKÕã≤<å_»∞. `«e¡^ŒO„_»∞Å ¿ã=Ö’ x=∞QÆ∞fl_≥· =Ù#fl ѨÙO_»b‰õΩ_»∞,
''™êfig∞! WѨC_Õ `«e¡^ŒO„_»∞Å ¿ã= "≥Ú^ŒÅ∞ ÃÑ\˜ì<å#∞. gà◊¡‰õΩ ™êfl#OáÈã≤,
á⁄kQÆ∞_»¤Å∞ `˘_çyOz, J#flOÃÑ\˜ì, Ѩ_»∞HÀɡ\ ˜ì g∞ ã¨xflkèH˜ =™êÎ#∞. JO`«¿ãѨÙ
D W@∞Hõg∞^Œ q„âßOuQÍ xÅ∞K«∞O_»O_ç.—— Jx ^ŒQÆæ~°Ö’ =Ù#fl XHõ W@∞Hõ#∞
|Ü«∞\˜H˜ `Àã≤<å_»∞. áêO_»∞~°OQÆ_»∞ #_»∞=Ú# Ô~O_»∞KÕ`«∞Å#∞ KÕiÛ W@∞Hõ
ÃÑà◊¡g∞^Œ q„âßOuQÍ xÅ∞K«∞<åfl_»∞. ~°∞H˜‡}©^Õq ‰õÄ_® J^Õ =Ú„^ŒÖ’ xÅ∞K«∞#flk.
''#∞"≥fiO`«¿ãѨ~Ú<å `«e^¡ OŒ „_»∞Å ¿ã= KÕã∞¨ HÀ. <Õ<H≥ ¯õ _çH© Hõ^ÅŒ #∞—— J#fl@∞¡
Hõ\ ˜ÉèÏQÍ# Ô~O_»∞ Hõ~åÅ∞ KÕiÛ XˆH XHõ W@∞Hõg∞^Œ q„âßOuQÍ xÅ∞K«∞#fl
q~î°ªÅ<å^èŒ∞x JO^ŒK«O^•Å#∞, PÉèí∂+¨}ÏÅ#∞ =∞~åsî ã¨O`«Hõ=ÙÅ∞ =∞s =∞s
=i‚Oz<å~°∞.
P q~î°ªÅ∞_»∞ Z\Ï¡O\˜"å_»∞? ''~å[㨠ã¨∞‰õΩ=∂~°, =∞^Œ<åK«Ñ¨Ù`«àÏ, ™ê=àÏ
ã¨∞O^Œ~å, ~°∂Ѩ=∞<ÀǨÏ~å, =O\˜ â◊ÉÏÌÅ`À J`«x JO^•xfl =i‚Oz<å~°∞. J`«x
"≥∞_»Ö’ `«∞Åã‘=∂Å, "≥·[Ü«∞Ou=∂Å, H“ã¨∞ÎÉèí=∞}˜ `«ÅÃÑ· <≥=∞e Ñ≤OKè«O,
=Ú`åºÅ`«∞„~å, Hõ\ ˜ÉèÏQÍ# [s|∂\ÏÅ JOK«∞QÆÅ Ñ‘`åO|~°O, Éèí∞[Og∞^Œ [s
JOK«∞QÆÅ ÃãÖÏ¡, =∞Hõ~°‰õΩO_»ÖÏÅ∞, XO\˜H˜ Hõã¨∂Îs ÖËѨ#O, Zxfl JO^•Å∞
ã¨fi~°ÅÜ«∞Å∞ 32
K«∂ã≤<å~À ã¨O`«Hõ=ÙÅ∞! P ~°∂áêxfl ZO`«¿ãѨ٠K«∂ã≤<å "åà◊¡‰õΩ `«xqf~°^Œ∞.
Hõà◊¡=ÚO^Œ∞ x~°O`«~°O J^Õ ~°∂ѨO =ÙO_®Åx "åà◊¡ HÀiHõ. P „ѨÉèí∞=٠Ѩ@¡
ã¨O`«Hõ=ÙʼnõΩ#fl K«#∞=Ù, „¿Ñ=∞ =~°‚<åf`«=∞~Ú#q. q~î°ªÅ∞xfl ''=∂=Ùb—— Jx
ã¨OÉ’kè™êÎ~°∞. W@∞=O\˜ K«#∞=Ù, W@∞=O\˜ „¿Ñ=∞ `≥Å∞QÆ∞Ö’ ~å=∞^•ã¨∞
H©~°Î#Ö’¡<Õ K«∂_»=K«∞Û.
ã¨O`« UHõ<å^èŒ∞x JÉèíOQÆ"≥ÚHõ\ ˜ K«∂_»O_ç–
=∂ˆ~≠ =∂ÃÇÏs ѨO_è»s P¿ÇÏcè=∞ˆ~ëê fs
ÉÏѨ P}˜ P~¸–=∂ˆ~≠–q~Š~°Y∞=∂~¸
ѨÙO_»bHõ P¿ÇÏ|O^èŒ∂–`åºzMϺu HÍÜ«∞™êOQÆ∂
=∂s≠ |Ç≤Ï# K«O„^ŒÉèÏQÍ–Hõi`«¿ã áêѨÉèíOQÍ
UHÍ[<å~°Ì# â◊~°}â◊~°} Hõs=∞ÃÇÏ~°p P~î°=}.
`≥Å∞QÆ∞Ö’ nx `å`«Ê~°ºO q#O_ç. ''<åѨÙ\˜ìÅ∞¡ ѨO_è»i. cè=∂#k f~°OÖ’
=Ù#fl^Œk. <å `«e¡^ŒO„_»∞Å∞ q~î°ªÅ∞_»∞ ~°Y∞=∂~Ú. ѨÙO_»b‰õΩ_»∞ <å ™È^Œ~°∞_»∞.
J`«x MϺu QÆ∞iOz Uq∞ K≥ѨÊ#∞! <å ™È^Œi K«O„^ŒÉèÏQÍ#k. P"≥∞ ZÅ¡i
áêáêÅ#∞ áÈQ˘_»∞`«∞Ok. UHÍ [<å~°÷#∞x ã¨∞ÎuÖ’ <å ѨÙ\˜ìÅ∞¡#∞ *Ï˝Ñ¨HõO
KÕã∞¨ ‰õΩO@∞<åfl#∞—— UHõ<å^ä∞Œ _»∞ UHÍ[<å~°#ú ∞x =Ú„^Œ`À<Õ JÉèOí QÆ~K° #« KÕã<≤ å_»∞.
ã¨O`« `«∞HÍ~åO `«# q∞„`«∞_≥·# áêO_»∞~°OQÆx`À ''H͈~ áêO_»∞~°OQÍ! ˆH"å
ÉèË\ò ^ÕjÖò—— U~å áêO_»∞~°OQÍ! ZѨC_»∞ ^Œ~°≈#q∞™êÎ=Ù? Jx J_»∞QÆ∞`«∞<åfl_»∞.
D K«#∞=Ù ZO`«\ ˜^À QÆ=∞xOK«O_ç.
ã¨O`«<å=∞^Õ"£ ''ѨO_»s x"å™ê! ã¨MϺ áêO_»∞~°OQÍ!—— Jx z~°HÍÅ
q∞„`«∞xfl Ñ≤ez#@∞¡ Ñ≤Å∞ã¨∞Î<åfl_»∞.
=∞~åsî ã¨O`«Hõ=ÙÅ∞, Hõ=~Ú„`«∞Å∞, WO`«\ ˜ K«#∞=Ù`À, áê~°=â◊ºO`À,
„¿Ñ=∞`À, PáêºÜ«∞`«`À, ÉèíH˜Î`À, ÉèÏ=|O^èŒ∞~°`«`À ~°zOz# JÉèíOQÍÅ∞
<å\˜#∞Oz <Õ\ ˜ =~°‰õΩ ã¨Ow`«~°∂áêÅ∞QÍ QÍÜ«∞#O KÕÜ«∞|_»∞`«∞<åfl~Ú. ã≤x=∂
QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÖˇ·# Å`å=∞OˆQâòHõ~ü, PëêÉè’O¿ã¡, ã¨∞=∞<£ HõàϺ}üѨÓ~ü, âߢã‘ÎÜ«∞
QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÖˇ·# =∂ÅfáêO_Õ, =∂}˜H± =~°‡ ÖÏO\˜ "åà◊√¡ D JÉèíOQÍÅ#∞ HõKÕsÅÖ’¡
33 ã¨Ow`« =∂^茺=∞OÖ’ ÉèíH˜Î ã¨Ow`«O
‰õÄ_® áê_ç<å~°∞. ã¨∞nè~üѶ¨_Õ¯ Z<Àfl JÉèíOQÍÅ#∞ ã¨fi~°Ñ¨~°z =∞~åsî z„`«ã‘=∞‰õΩ
JOkOz<å_»∞. âߢã‘ÎÜ«∞ ã¨Ow`« QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÖ’¡ J„QÆQÆ}∞º_≥·# ѨO_ç`ü cèO¿ã<£ *’+≤
^Õâ◊O #Å∞=¸ÅÖÏ, #QÆ~° #QÆ~å# ã¨O`«"å}˜ ¿Ñ~° ã¨O`«Hõ=ÙÅ JÉèíOQÍÅ#∞ `«#
=∞^èŒ∞~° QÆOcè~° QÍ„`«O`À QÍ#O KÕã≤ ÉèÏ=Ù‰õΩÖˇ·# „â’`«Å‰õΩ `«#‡Ü«∂#O^ŒO
HõeyOz<å~°∞.
ã¨O`« `«∞HÍ~åO t"år HÍÖÏ# "≥Åã≤# ÉèíHõÎHõq. t"år QÆ∞~°∞=Ù
ã¨=∞~°ú~å=∞^•ã¨∞. J`«_»∞ ^•ã¨ ã¨O„Ѩ^•Ü«∂xH˜ K≥Ok# =∞ǨÏhÜ«Ú_»∞. Hõ~å‚@Hõ
ã¨Ow`åxH˜ ã≤Å|ãπ `«Ü«∂~°∞KÕã≤ ѨÙ~°O^Œ~° q~Š=Ú„^Œ`À Hõ#fl_»ÉèÏ+¨Ö’
<åÅ∞QÆ∞"ÕÅ U_»∞=O^ŒÅ‰õΩ ÃÑ·QÍ H©~°Î#Å∞ ~åã≤# ѨÙ~°O^Œ~°^•ã¨∞ ‰õÄ_® ^•ã¨
ã¨O„Ѩ^•Ü«∂xH˜ K≥Ok# =∞ǨÏhÜ«Ú_Õ. `«∞HÍ~åO ÉèíH˜Î ã¨O„Ѩ^•Ü«∂xH˜
K≥Ok#"å_»∞. <å^èŒ ã¨O„Ѩ^•Ü«∞O, ^•ã¨ ã¨O„Ѩ^•Ü«∞O ÉèíH˜Î ã¨O„Ѩ^•Ü«∞O
=Ú¿ÑÊ@QÍ JÅ∞¡H˘x ã¨Ow`«ã¨$+≤ì [iyOk P HÍÅOÖ’. ã¨=∞~°ú ~å=∞^•ã¨∞ `«#
t+¨µº_≥·# Kè«„`«Ñ¨u t"år HÀã¨O ^•ã¨É’^èŒ J<Õ LѨ^Õâ◊ HÍ=ºO ~°zOK«@"Õ∞QÍHõ
ã¨Ow`« âߢ™êÎxfl QÆ∞iOz XHõ „áê=∂}˜Hõ"≥∞ÿ# ~°K«# KÕã≤<å_»∞. ã¨O`«"å}˜ ã¨=∞ã¨ÎO
âߢã‘ÎÜ«∞ ~åQÆ`åàÏÅ g∞^Œ P^è•~°Ñ¨_»¤^Õ.
ÉèíH˜Î ã¨Ow`«O áê_Õ "å~°¯sÅ∞ XHõ `«O|∂~å#∞ ^èŒiOz =∞^≥ÌÅ `åàÏÅg∞^Œ
<å@º=∂_»∞`«∂ H©~°Î#Å∞ áê_»`å~°∞. XHõ „QÍ=∞O #∞Oz =∞~˘Hõ „QÍ=∂xH˜
u~°∞QÆ∞`«∂ =ÙO\Ï~°∞. `À= á⁄_»∞QÆ∞<å ÉèíHõÎ [#∞Å∞ "åà◊¡‰õΩ HÍ=Åã≤#
Ѩ^•~åúÅOkã¨∂Î =ÙO\Ï~°∞.
`≥Å∞QÆ∞Ö’ ~å=∞^•ã¨∞, `«∂=Ú #~°ã≤OǨÏ^•ã¨∞ "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·# ÉèíHõÎ Hõ=ÙÅ
H©~°Î#Å#∞ ÉèíHõÎ[#∞Å∞ `«O|∂~å ^èŒiOz =∞^≥ÌÅ `åàÏÅg∞^Œ <å@ºOKÕã¨∂Î
áê_»∞`å~°∞ HÍh, "å~°¯sÅ q^èOŒ QÍ T~°∂~å u~°∞QÆ∞`«∂ áê_»~∞° . "åà◊~¡ åQÍÅ∞"Õ~∞° ,
`åàÏÅ∞"Õ~°∞.
"å~°¯sÅ ã¨Ow`«=∞Ü«∞ Ü«∂„`« =∞<ÀǨÏ~°"≥∞ÿ#k. ѨÙ}Ë #QÆ~åxH˜ K≥Ok#
„á⁄ÃѶã¨~ü W~å=f Hõˆ~fi, =∂#=âߢ™êÎxfl ‰õÄÅOHõ+¨OQÍ Ñ¨iâ’kèOz# q^Œ∞+≤.
P"≥∞ L^ÀºQÆO KÕã≤Ok ѨÙ}Ë ^ŒHõ¯<£ HÍÖËrÖ’ HÍx ql\˜OQ∑ „á⁄ÃѶã¨~üQÍ
J"≥∞iHÍÖ’x, Ü«¸~°ÑπÖ’x qq^èŒ ~å¢ëêìÖ’¡ QÆ_çÑ≤Ok. P"≥∞ <åã≤ΉõΩ~åÖË. J~Ú<å
ã¨fi~°ÅÜ«∞Å∞
Pëê_» UHÍ^Œt <å\˜H˜ „ѨÑO¨ K«OÖ’x U =¸ÅÖ’ =Ù<åfl ѨO_»sѨÙ~°O KÕ~∞° ‰õΩ<Õk.
`«#HÍ~°∞#∞ ZHõ¯_À PÑ≤ H˘xfl"≥∞ÿà◊√¡ "å~°¯sÅ "≥O@ *ˇO_® Ѩ@∞ìH˘x „Ѩ™ê÷#OKÕã≤
áêO_»∞~°OQÆ q~î°ªÅ∞x ~°^ä•xfl H˘O`«^Œ∂~°"≥∞ÿ<å ÖψQk. Jk P"≥∞ xÜ«∞=∞O. H˘xfl
xÜ«∞=∂ÅѨ@¡ P"≥∞‰õΩ KåÖÏ Ñ¨@∞ì^ŒÅ. =∞~åsî Ǩ㨺~°K«~Ú`« ѨÙ.Å.^ÕâòáêO_Õ
P"≥∞ =∞~°}"å~°Îqx P"≥∞#∞ QÆ∞iOz XHõ ã¨∞O^Œ~°"≥∞ÿ# "åºã¨O ~åã≤<å_»∞. ''P"≥∞
WǨÏÖ’HÍxfl =keÃÑ\˜ì Ѩ~°Ö’HÍxH˜ "≥o¡# "å~°Î qx ѨO_è»sѨÙ~°OÖ’ =Ù#fl P"≥∞
ÉÏÜü∞„ÃѶO_£ áêO_»∞~°OQÆ q~î°ªÅ∞_»∞ `«# Éèí∞[Og∞k ÃãÖÏ¡ H˘OQÆ∞`À Hõà◊√¡
`«∞_»∞K«∞H˘x =ÙO\Ï_»∞ Jx TÇ≤ÏOz<å_»∞ ѨÙ.Å. D TÇ¨Ï ZO`« ~°=∞}©Ü«∞OQÍ
=Ù#flk!
ѨO_èi» Ö’x áêO_»∞~°OQÆxfl ''HÍ#_®—— JO\Ï~°∞. JO>Ë Hõ~å‚@Hõ „áêO`åxH˜
K≥Ok#"å_»x J~°÷O. „áêp#∞_≥·# ѨÙ~°O^Œ~° ^•ã¨∞ ¿ãqOz# q~î°ªÅ∞_»∞ ѨÙ~°O^Œ~°
QÆ_è£Ö’x ^Õ=Ù_»∞. D Ô~O_»∞ q„QÆǨÅ∞ Hõ#fl_» „áêO`«OÖ’ `«Ü«∂Ô~·#@∞¡QÍ<Õ
=Ù<åflÜ«∞x qA˝Å Jaè„áêÜ«∞O.
''HÍ#_® ~å*Ï Ñ¨O_è»iKå——
q~Šã¨O„Ѩ^•Ü«∞O =∞Ǩ~å¢+¨ì, Hõ~å‚@Hõ „áêO`åÖ’¡ "åºÑ≤OzOk.
NHõ $ +¨ ‚ ^ Õ = ~åÜ« ∞ Å∞ PO„^è Œ ∞ _Õ H ÍHõ Hõ # fl_ç Q Æ ∞ _» ∞ ‰õ Ä _®. J`« x ~å[^è • x
q[Ü«∞#QÆ~°OÖ’ q~Š=∞Ok~°=Ú#flk. J`«x P™ê÷#OÖ’x `≥<åe ~å=∞Hõ$,‚Hõq
áêO_»∞~°OQÆ =∞Ǩ`«‡ºO J<Õ HÍ=ºO ~°zOz<å_»∞. áêO_»∞~°OQÆ q~î°ªÅ∞x
„Ѩã¨∞ÎuOz# UÔH·Hõ `≥Å∞QÆ∞ HÍ=ºO J^Õ.
34
8
ã¨Ow`åxfl q<Õ"åà◊¡O`å ã¨Ow`« ~°ã≤‰õΩÖË<å?
q^ÕjÜ«ÚÖˇ·# =Úã≤¡OÅ∞ ^ŒH˜∆}„áêO`«OÖ’ H˘O`«ÉèÏQÍxfl P„Hõq∞OK«∞
‰õΩO@∞<åfl~°∞. ÉèÏ~°fÜ«∞ ã¨O㨯 $f ã¨O„Ѩ^•Ü«∂Å∞ qzÛù#fl=∞=Ù`«∞<åfl~Ú.
Kè«„`«Ñ¨u t"år Ç≤ÏO^Œ∂Ѩ^Œáê^Œ∞ëêÇ≤Ï <≥ÅH˘ÖÏÊÅx ã¨OHõeÊOK«∞‰õΩ<åfl_»∞. P
ã¨OHõÖÏÊxH˜ „¿Ñ~°‰õΩ_»∞ QÆ∞~°∞ ã¨=∞~°ú ~å=∞^•ã¨∞. q~Šã¨O„Ѩ^•Ü«∞OÖ’ KÕi#
ÉèíHõÎ[#∞Å HÍ~°}OQÍ ã¨=∂[O ã¨OѶ¨∞\˜`«=∞=Ù`«∞#flk. ‰õΩÅ=∞`åŠѨ\ ˜ìOѨÙ
`˘ÅyáÈ~ÚOk. ™ê=∂lHõ ™ê÷~¸ ÉèË^•Å∞ #tOz<å~Ú. ÉèíHõÎ[#∞Å∞ U ‰õΩÅO
"åà◊§~Ú<å, U ™ê=∂lHõ =~åæxH˜ K≥Ok# "åà◊¡~Ú<å, XˆH *ÏuH˜ K≥Ok"åà◊√¡
J<ÕÉèÏ=O |ÅѨ_çOk. t"år ã¨OHõÖÏÊxH˜ „áÈ`åûǨÏHõ"≥∞ÿ# Ѩiã≤÷u Wk. XHõ"≥·Ñ¨Ù
ã¨∂Ѷ‘Å∞ `«~°`«=∞ ÉèË^•Å#∞ `˘ÅyOKÕ „Ѩܫ∞`«flO KÕã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. =∞~À"≥·Ñ¨Ù ѨO_è»i
ÉèíHõÎ [#∞Å∞ ÉèÏ=ã¨"≥∞ÿHõº`« HÀã¨O „Ѩܫ∞uflã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. W=hfl t"år ã¨OHõÖÏÊxH˜
„áÈk*Ë¿ã Ѷ¨∞@#Å∞. Ç≤ÏO^Œ∂ ã¨=∂[â◊H˜Î qѨs`«OQÍ ÃÑiyáÈ~ÚOk.
=∞m§ =∞#^Õâ◊ ™êfi`«O„`«ºO HÀã¨O ~°OQÆOÖ’ ky# P<å\˜ *ÏfÜ«∞
<åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞, =ÚYºOQÍ, Ö’Hõ=∂#º ÉÏÅQÆOQÍ^èŒ~° uÅH± ÉèíHõÎ[#∞Å ã¨OѶ¨∞@#
â◊H˜Îx J=QÍǨÏ# KÕã¨∞‰õΩ#fl"å_»∞ Hõ#∞Hõ J^Õ Ñ¨^ŒúuÖ’ =∞Ǩ~å¢+¨ì JO`«\Ï QÆ}Ëâ◊
L`«û"åÅ#∞ x~°fiÇ≤ÏOKÕ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂xfl „áê~°OaèOz<å_»∞. J\Ï¡ˆQ t"år [Ü«∞Ou
L`«û"åÅ#∞ ‰õÄ_® Ѷ¨∞#OQÍ [~°∞ѨىõΩ<Õ ÜÕ∞~åÊ@∞¡ KÕã≤<å_»∞. ÉÁOÉÏ~Ú=O\˜
=∞Ǩ~å¢+¨ì =∞Ǩ#QÆ~åÅÖ’ "å_»"å_»ÖÏ QÆ}Ѩu =∞O_»Å∞¡, „Ѩu =∞O_»eÖ’#∞
`˘q∞‡k ~ÀAÖ’, Ѩ^ŒH˘O_»∞ ~ÀAÖ’ x`«ºÑ¨Ó[Å∞, Ǩ~°`«∞Å∞, ã¨Ow`« ã¨ÉèíÅ∞,
ã¨Ow`åxfl q#\ÏxH˜ =KÕÛ ~°ã≤Hõ[#∞Å∞. [#ã¨OYº JO`«QÍÖËx P ~ÀAÖ’¡<Õ
#QÆ~åÅ ~À_»∞¡ [#O`À H˜H˜¯iã≤ =ÙO_Õq. ѨÙ.Å.^ÕâòáêO_Õ `«# 'QÆ}QÀ`ü— J<Õ
„QÆO^äŒOÖ’ =i‚Oz#@∞¡ ''XHõ =∞O_»Ñ¨OÖ’ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú |~À_ÕHõ~ü QÍÜ«∞#O
„áê~°OÉèí=∞~ÚOk. ã¨Ow`« ~°ã≤‰õΩÅ∞ JHõ¯_ç #∞O_ç Hõ^ŒÅÖË~°∞. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë
ã¨fi~°ÅÜ«∞Å∞ 36
Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú `å~°ãѨ HΨ Oõ qt+¨=ì ∞~ÚOk. P"≥∞ QÍ„`«O `å~°ãѨ HΨ Í#flO^Œ∞‰õΩ#flѨC_»∞
^ŒsÌ„â’`«Å‰õΩ HõeˆQ P#O^ŒO JÖ∫H˜Hõ"≥∞ÿOk. ~å*Ï~åO Ǩï"Õ∞fl Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú rq`«
K«i„`« ~åã≤, P „QÆO^ä•xfl Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú `å~°ãѨ HΨ ÍxˆH JOH˜`q« ∞zÛ<å_»∞. J@∞=O\˜
`å~°ã¨Ñ¨ÎHÍxfl P"≥∞ <À@ q#‰õΩO_® Z\Ï¡ Hõ^ŒÖÏÖˇ? Hõ^ŒÅ‰õΩO>Ë Z\Ï¡? J@∞"≥·Ñ¨Ù
„ÉÏǨ Ï ‡} ã¨ É è í Ö ’ =∂㨠ì ~ ü Hõ $ ëê‚ ~ å=Ù `« # =∞^è Œ ∞ ~° =∞OAŠ㨠fi ~°
=Å¡~°∞Å#Å∞¡`«∞<åfl_»∞. Jn q#^ŒyO^Õ. WOHÀ"≥·Ñ¨Ù =∞e¡HÍ~°∞˚<£ =∞#∂û~ü *ˇ·Ñ¨Ó~ü
Ѷ¨∞~å<å `å#¡#∞ Jq~å=∞OQÍ qxÑ≤ã¨∞Î<åfl_»∞. =∞~À"≥·Ñ¨Ù QÆOQÆ∂ÉÏ~Ú Ç¨ÏOQÆÖò.
H˜~å}ÏѶ¨∞~å<å =∞ǨQÍ~ÚHõ. xez# KÀ@ xÅ=Hõ, ‰õÄ~°∞Û#flKÀ@ ‰õÄ~°∞ÛO_»ÖËHõ
ã¨Ow`« ~°ã≤‰õΩÅ∞ ÃÇ·Ï~å<å Ѩ_Õ"åà◊§x—— ѨÙ.Å. =~°‚#. P ã¨Ow`åxfl qO@∂
uiˆQ"åà◊√§ ˆH=ÅO ã¨Ow`«~°ã≤‰õΩÖË<å? ™ê=∂#º[#∞Å∞ ‰õÄ_®. =∞Ǩ~å¢+¨µìÅÖ’
=Ù#fl D ã¨Ow`« Ñ≤áêã¨#∞ `«# L^Œº=∂xH˜ K«Hõ¯QÍ LѨÜ≥∂yOK«∞‰õΩ<åfl~å <å\˜
*ÏfÜ«∞ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞. WkQÀ, W@∞=O\˜ J<ÕHÍ<ÕHõ HÍ~°}ÏÅ=Å# =∞Ǩ~å¢+¨µìÅ
ã¨Ow`åaè~°∞z ÃÑiyOk.
x*ÏO `«# ^Œ~åƒ~°∞Ö’ ã¨Ow`« q^•fiOã¨∞Å#∞, QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÅ#∞ xeÑ≤
P^ŒiOK«ÖËHõáÈ~Ú<å #QÆ~°OÖ’x ã¨OѨ#fl =∞Ǩ~å¢+¨µìÅ∞, #"å|∞Å∞, ~°~¸ã¨∞Å∞
`«=∞ `«=∞ ^Õq_èôÅÖ’ P<å\˜ ã¨∞„Ѩã≤^Œú QÍ~ÚHõÅ#∞, QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÅ#∞ PǨfixOz
ã¨Ow`« HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂Å#∞ x~°fiÇ≤ÏOKÕ"åà◊√¡. P<å\˜ ã¨∞„Ѩã≤^Œú QÍ~ÚHÍ QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞
ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^Œ∞‰õΩ PǨ˙`«∞ÅÜÕ∞º"åà◊√¡. x*ÏO #"å|∞ ã¨Ow`«O `≥eã≤#"å_Õ.
ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^Œ∞Ö’ ã¨Ow`« ~°ã≤‰õΩʼnõΩ H˘^Œ∞=ÖˉõΩO_Õk. D =ÚK«Û@¡hfl Wk=~°‰õΩ
K≥Ñ≤Ê#"Õ. Ç≤ÏO^Œ∞™êÎh ã¨Ow`«OHÀã¨O QÆO^èŒ~°fi =∞Ǩq^•ºÅÜ«∞O ™ê÷Ñ≤OK«|_çOk.
JO^Œ∞Ö’ QÀqO^Œ~å=Ù ^ŒO`åàı, J`«x ÉèÏ~°º =ã¨∞=∞f ^ŒO`åàı, g∞~åáê<Õû,
=∂eh ~åE~üHõ~ü, Hõ~å_Õ =O\˜ Q˘Ñ¨Ê QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞, QÍ~ÚHõÅ∞ ѨxKÕã≤<å~°∞.
`«~°∞"å`« „ѨÉèí∞`«fi ã¨Ow`« HõàÏâßÅ ™ê÷Ñ≤OK«|_çOk. ^•O\’¡ Hõ~å‚@Hõ ã¨Ow`«"Õ∞
„Ѩ^è•#OQÍ <Õ~°Ê|_»∞`«∞#flk. N~°OQÆO QÀáêÅ~°`«flO, #∂HõÅ z#ã¨`«º<å~åÜ«∞}
=O\˜ Q˘Ñ¨Ê HõàÏHÍ~°∞Å∞ ѨxKÕã≤<å~°∞. XHõ"≥·Ñ¨Ù „ѨMϺ`« Ç≤ÏO^Œ∞™êÎh QÍ~ÚHÍ
QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞ =∞~À"≥·Ñ¨Ù „ѨMϺ`« Hõ~å‚@Hõ QÍ~ÚHÍ QÍÜ«∞HõÅ∞ `«=∞ `«=∞ ã¨Ow`åxfl
qxÑ≤ ã ¨ ∂ Î =ÙO\Ï~° ∞ . <å Ô ~ O_À JÉσ~Ú ~å[=~° ú < £ L™ê‡xÜ« ∂
qâ◊fiq^•ºÅÜ«∞OÖ’ `≥Å∞QÆ∞ ZO.U. ZO.Ѷ≤Öò KÕ¿ã HÍÅOÖ’, JO>Ë 1980 #∞O_ç
37 ã¨Ow`åxfl q<Õ"åà◊§O`å ã¨Ow`« ~°ã≤‰õΩÖË<å?
1985 =~°‰õΩ #QÆ~°OÖ’ [iy# ZO,Zãπ ã¨∞|ƒÅH˜∆ ‡, ZO.ZÖò =ã¨O`« ‰õΩ=∂i,
*Ëã¨∞^•ã¨∞, ѨO_ç`ü cèO¿ã<£ *’+≤, ѨO_ç`ü [ãπ~å*ò ÖÏO\˜ =∞ǨÏhÜ«ÚÅ ã¨Ow`«
HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂Å#∞ ã¨q=~°OQÍ =i‚ã¨∂Î <å‰õΩ ÃÑ^ŒÌ ÃÑ^ŒÌ *Ï|∞Å∞ ~å¿ã"å_»∞. P
=~°‚<å`«‡Hõ ÖËYÅ HÍ~°}OQÍ P HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂ÅxflO\˜h <å Hõà◊¡`À K«∂z#@∞¡
P#OkOKÕ"åxfl. q"ÕHõ=i÷x ÃÇ·Ïã¨∂¯Öò „áêOQÆ}OÖ’ [iy# ѨO_ç`ü cèO¿ã<£*’+≤
ã¨O`«"å}˜ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂xfl <Õ#∞ ‰õÄ_® q<åfl#∞. ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^Œ∞ HÀsî ÉϺOH±¢ã‘ì\òÖ’
HÍm^•ãπ ¿Ñ~° XHõ „QÍ=∞á¶È<£ iHÍ~°∞¤Å ^Œ∞HÍ}O =ÙO_Õk. JO^Œ∞Ö’ XHõ iHÍ~ü¤
QÍh HͺÃã\ò QÍx H˘#\ÏxH˜ "≥o`Õ Ñ¨kѨ<≥flO_»∞ iHÍ~°∞¤Å#∞ q#QÆeˆQ "åà◊¡O.
H˘#@O „Ѩ^è•#O HÍ^Œ∞. q#@"Õ∞ =ÚYºO. ™ê^è•~°}OQÍ ã¨∞„Ѩã≤^Œú QÍ~ÚHÍ
QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÅ#∞ q<åÅ#∞‰õΩ<Õ "åà◊√¡ XHõ iHÍ~À¤, HͺÃã\’ ÉË~°OKÕã≤ ѨkѨ<≥flO_»∞
iHÍ~°∞¤Å∞ q#QÆeˆQ"åà◊√¡ JkÖÏÉÏ^Œ∞ ÃÇ·Ïã¨∂¯Öò Öˇ·„|s HÀã¨O H˘xfl iHÍ~°∞¤Å∞
H˘#\ÏxH˜ "≥o¡ <åH˜+¨ì"≥∞ÿ# iHÍ~°∞¤Å∞ KåÖÏq<åfl#∞. z=iH˜ Ãã·QÆÖòáê_ç# ¢ÃÑ·"Õ\ò
iHÍ~ü¤ XHõ\ ˜, ÉËQÆO JYÎ~ü áê_ç# H˘xfl ~î°∞„g∞ ^•„^•Å∞, L™êÎ^£ |_ÕQÆ∞ÖÏ=∞bMÏ<£
~î°∞„g∞Å iHÍ~ü¤, ZO.Zãπ ã¨∞|∞ƒÅH˜∆ ‡ áê_ç# Ѩ<≥flO_»∞ ÉèÏ+¨Ö’¡x Éèí[#Å iHÍ~ü¤,
Å`å=∞OˆQâòHõ~ü áê_ç# |∞∞`«∞~åQÍÅ∞. JO>Ë âߢã‘ÎÜ«∞ ã¨Ow`«O g∞^Œ P^è•~°Ñ¨_ç#
|ã¨O`ü, |Ǩ~ü, q∞Ü«∂=∞ÖÏ›~ü, "Õ∞Ѷπ∞ =∞ÖÏ›~ü, Q“_£ =∞ÖÏ›~ü ÖÏO\˜ ~åQÍÅ∞ QÆÅ
ã≤x=∂ áê@Å∞. â◊√^Œú âߢã‘ÎÜ«∞ ã¨Ow`«O Ü«Ú=`«‰õΩ JO`«QÍ ~°∞zOK«^Œ∞.
â◊√^Œú âߢã‘ÎÜ«∞ ~åQÍÅ iHÍ~ü¤Å∞ QÍx HͺÃã@∞¡ QÍh q<åÅ#∞‰õΩO>Ë Ñ¨Ó}Ë
#QÆ~å# "≥`«Hõ=Åã≤O^Õ. Jk =∞Ǩ~å¢+¨µìÅ ã¨O㨯 $f ˆHO„^ŒO. „ѨMϺ`«
Ç≤ÏO^Œ∂™êÎh QÍÜ«∞‰õΩ_»∞ ѨO_ç`ü ‰õΩ=∂~ü QÆO^èŒ~°fi `«# q∞„`«∞ʼnõΩ =∂~Ú QÆ∞iOz
`«~°K«∞QÍ XHõ =∂@ K≥ѨÙÎO_Õ"å_»∞. =∂~Ú JO>Ë QÍ# `«Ñ¨ã≤fix JO[hÉÏ~Ú
=∂ÖËÊHõ~ü. P"≥∞ ‰õΩ=∂~ü‰õΩ ã¨Ow`«O <Õ~°∞Ê`å#x `«# WO\˜H˜ PǨfixOzO^Œ@.
Éèˇ·~°q~åQÆO <Õ~°∞Ê`«∂ =ÙO_»QÍ ‰õΩ=∂~ü‰õΩ P "å~°úHõºOÖ’ P"≥∞ áê_»∞`«∞#fl Éèˇ·~°q
ã¨~åfiOQÆã¨∞O^Œ~°OQÍ HõxÑ≤OzO^Œ@. HÍx P"≥∞ =ÚYOÖ’ =∂„`«O U^À
JO^Œ∞HÀÉ’~Ú JO^Œ∞HÀÖËx Jã¨=∞~°ú`«, Jã¨O`«$Ñ≤Î, P"Õ^Œ# =ºHõÎ=∞ø`«∞<åflÜ«∞@.
''=∂ ~¸! g∞ QÆà◊OÖ’ Éèˇ·~°q ã¨~åfiOQÆ ã¨∞O^Œ~°OQÍ HõxÑ≤ã¨∞Î#flk Hõ^•! WOHÍ
P"Õ^Œ# ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ?—— Jx „ѨtflOz<å_»@. P"≥∞ ''ÖË^Œ∞~å ‰õΩ=∂~ü! iÜ«∂*ò
=∂#∞‰õΩx KåÖÏ<åà◊¡~ÚOk Hõ^•! <å QÆà◊OÖ’ ã¨OѨÓ~°‚ ~åQÆ"≥∞ÿ# Éèˇ·~°q ã¨fi~åÅhfl
ã¨fi~°ÅÜ«∞Å∞ 38 39 ã¨Ow`åxfl q<Õ"åà◊§O`å ã¨Ow`« ~°ã≤‰õΩÖË<å?

kQÆ∞`«∞<åfl~Ú HÍx =∞^茺=∞O kQÆ@O ÖË^Œ∞~å! <å‰õΩ JO^Œ∞`«∞#fl>Ëì =Ù#flk HÍx `«∞"Õ∞‡\˜ ~°Ñ¶¨∞’`«Î=∞Ô~_ç¤ Hõ^䌉õΩ_»∞QÍ „Ѩã≤^Œ∞ú_»∞. J~Ú<å ã¨Ow`«
JO^Œ@O ÖË^Œ∞. <å QÆà◊O ѨeH˜ã¨∞Î#fl =∞^茺=∞O ɡ·~°qÖ’ =ÙO_»^ŒyOk HÍ^Œ∞.—— „â◊=}Ïã¨H˜ÎÖ’ J`«x =O\˜ "åà◊√¡ U H˘O^Œ~À =ÙO\Ï~°x <å =O\˜ H˘O^ŒiH˜
J#fl^Œ@. J\Ï¡ˆQ P"≥∞ =∞i Ô~O_»∞ ~ÀAÅ =~°‰õΩ P Éèˇ·~°q<Õ ™ê^èŒ#KÕã¨∂Î `≥Å∞ã¨∞. ã¨Ow`«O q#@O J`«xH˜ =∞<À~°O[Hõ"Õ∞ HÍ^Œ∞, J=ã¨~°O ‰õÄ_®. J`«x
‰õÄ~°∞Û#fl^Œ@. =¸_»=<å_»∞ Éèˇ·~°qÖ’ =ÙO_»=Åã≤# =∞^茺=∞O `«# QÆà◊OÖ’H˜ =∂#ã≤Hõ âßOux ÉèíOQÆO HõeyOz# H˘xfl ã¨xfl"ÕâßÅ =Å# J`«xH˜ ~å„`«∞à◊√¡
kOK«∞HÀQÆeyO^Œ@. JѨC_»∞ "≥∞~°∞Ѩ٠"≥∞iã≤#@∞¡ P"≥∞ QÆà◊OÖ’ ã¨~åfiOQÆ ã¨iQÍæ x„^ŒÑ¨>Ëìk HÍ^Œ@. =∞s ÉËK≥·hQÍ =ÙO>Ë Z=i^À ã¨Ow`«O q#=Åã≤O^Õ.
ã¨∞O^Œ~°OQÍ Éèˇ·~°q ™êH∆Í`«¯iOzO^Œ@. P W^ŒÌ~°∂ HÍ¿ãѨ٠"≥∞ÿ=∞~°z#@∞¡O_ç J`«x ^ŒQÆæ~° Z<Àfl iHÍ~°∞¤Å∞, Z<Àfl HͺÃã@∞¡, ~åQÍÅ QÆ∞iOz q=iOK«Hõ áÈ=K«∞Û
áÈ~Ú<å~°@. ''Wk~å ‰õΩ=∂~ü! ɡ·~°qÖ’ =ÙO_»=Åã≤# =∞^茺=∞O, QÍO^è•~ü, HÍh, ~°Ñ¶¨∞’`«Î=∞Ô~_ç¤ ~åQÍÅ „ѨÉèÏ"åxfl J#∞ÉèíqOK«QÆeˆQ"å_»∞. ''Z=i^À ã≤`å~ü
=∞^茺"£∞ ã¨fi~åÅ∞ KåÖÏ ~åQÍÅÖ’ =ÙO\Ï~Ú. HÍh U ~åQÆOÖ’ =ÙO_»=Åã≤# "å^Œ# HͺÃã@∞ì ^˘iH˜Ok. J^Õ ~åQÆ"≥∂ `≥eÜ«∞^Œ∞. ~å„u Jk qO@∂ Ѩ_»∞‰õΩO>Ë
QÍO^è•~ü, =ÙO_»=Åã≤# =∞^茺=∞O P ~åQÍxH˜ `«y#@∞¡QÍ<Õ =ÙO\Ï~Ú. ~åQÍxH˜ Ǩ~ÚQÍ x„^ŒÑ¨_»∞`«∞#fl^Œx—— ~åã≤<å_˘Hõ™êi. ''XHõ ѨÓ@ HÀã¨O P iHÍ~°∞¤
~åQÍxH˜ ã¨fi~åÅ ã¨fiÉèÏ=O =∂~°∞`«∞Ok. ¢ã¨ìHõÛ~ü =∂~°∞`«∞Ok. ã¨Ow`«O áê_Õ Ñ¨OѨQÆÅ~å?—— Jx <Õ#∞ ~åã≤<å#∞. P L`«Î~°O JOk# "≥O@<Õ iHÍ~ü¤ ѨOÑ≤<å_»∞.
"åà◊¡O^ŒiH© ã¨fi~°Ñ¨i*Ï˝#O =ÙO@∞Ok. HÍh Jk ã¨iáÈ^Œ∞, ã¨fi~° ѨiK«Ü«∞O ‰õÄ_® ã≤`å~ü "å^Œ‰õΩx ¿ÑiѨC_»∞ QÆ∞~°∞ÎÖË^Œ∞. QÍ~ÚH© JOQ∑Ö’ "å^Œ# [iyOk.
=ÙO_®e.—— Jx XH˘¯Hõ¯ ã¨fi~åxfl ‰õΩ=∂~ü‰õΩ Ѩ\ ˜ì Ѩ\ ˜ì ѨiK«Ü«∞O KÕã≤O^Œ@. =∂=¸Å∞QÍ PÖÏÑπ, *’_£, ~°≠ÏÖÏ, =∂ÖòH“Oãπ ~åQÆO. ^•xfl Hõ~å‚@Hõ
P"≥∞ KÕã≤# ã¨Ow`«™ê^èŒ# `«Ñ¨ã¨∞ûÖÏO\˜^Õ. P"≥∞ `«# =Ü«∞ã¨∞û 37 ã¨Ow`«OÖ’ Ç≤ÏO^Àà◊O JO\Ï~°∞. JO>Ë TÜ«∞Å, TÜ«∞Å TÑ≤#@∞¡ Ǩ~ÚQÍ
ã¨O=`«û~åÅ∞O_»QÍ<Õ 1933Ö’ ã¨Ow`« ã¨<åºã¨O KÕã≤Ok. P `«~°∞"å`« ã≤`å~ü g∞^Œ ™êyOk P ~åQÆO. ~°Ñ¶¨∞’`«Î=∞Ô~_ç¤ =O\˜ ^ŒsÌ„â’`« Jk qO@∂ x„^Œ‰õΩ
Ü«∂Éèˇ·ÜÕ∞O_»¡‰õΩ ÃÑ·QÍ<Õ rqOzOk. HÍh Z#fl_»∞ ‰õÄ_® Ѩa¡H±Ö’ áê_Õ „Ѩܫ∞`«flO Ö’#=@O Pâ◊Û~°ºO HÍ^Œ∞.
KÕÜ«∞ÖË^Œ∞. ZO^Œ~°∞ „Ѩ֒ÉèíÃÑ\˜ì<å, `«#ÔHO`« _»|∞ƒ J=ã¨~°"≥∞ÿ<å, „Ѩu*Ï˝ ÉèíOQÆO
KÕÖË^•"≥∞. =∂ÖÏO\˜ "åà◊¡‰õΩ P"≥∞ áê_ç# iHÍ~°∞¤Å∞ q<Õ J=HÍâ◊O ÖË^Œ∞. J~Ú`Õ,
ѨO_»∞ =Ü«∞ã¨∞Ö’ ã¨Ow`« ~°ã≤‰õΩ_≥·# ~°"Õ∞âò<å^ŒHõs‚ PeO_çÜ«∂ ˆ~_çÜ≥∂¿ãì+¨<À¡
P"≥∞ WO@~°∂fi KÕã≤, P"≥∞ <À@ XHõ Éèˇ·~°q~åQÆO áê_çOz<å_»x Jk
iHÍ~°¤~ÚO^Œx q<åfl#∞. J^≥\Ï¡ ^˘~°HÍÖˇ? ã¨∞„Ѩã≤^Œú Hõ^䌉õΩ_»∞ `«∞"Õ∞‡\˜
~°Ñ¶¨∞’`«Î=∞Ô~_ç¤ Ñ¨Ó}Ë #∞Oz P iHÍ~ü¤ `≥Ñ≤ÊOz <å‰õΩ ѨOÑ≤<å_»∞.
<å^ŒHõs‚ ™È^Œ~°∞Å ã¨Ow`« ¿ã=#∞ QÆ∞iOz, "åà◊√¡ Ç≤ÏO^Œ∞™êÎh ã¨Ow`åxfl,
QÍ~ÚHÍ QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÅ#∞ QÆ∞iOz, WOw¡+¨µÖ’ ~åã≤# =O^ŒÖÏk "庙êÅ qâıëêÅ#∞
WO`«‰Ωõ =ÚO^≥ÑC¨ _À ~åã≤ =Ù<åfl#∞. "åà◊¡ WO\˜¿Ñ~°∞ #^ŒHsõ .‚ HÍh "åà◊√¡ ã¨Ow`«O
q<Õ K≥q QÆÅ "åà◊√¡, JO>Ë ''HÍ<£¿ã<£——Å∞ Hõ#∞Hõ "åà◊¡#∞ <å^ŒHõs‚ J#@"Õ∞
ÉÏQÆ∞O@∞Ok J<Õ"å~°∞ H©.âı. l. Hõ$+¨‚.
 41 <å\˜ QÆ∞~°∞ t+¨º ã¨O|O^èŒO JѨÓ~°fiO

9 QÆ∞iOz, P"≥∞ ™ê^èŒ# QÆ∞iOz, P"≥∞ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù JÖÏ¡kÜ«∂MÏ<£ QÆ∞iOz, J`«x

‰õΩ@∞O|O QÆ∞iOz, J`«x H˘_»∞‰õΩÅ QÆ∞iOz, =∞#=∞Å QÆ∞iOz, t+¨µºÅ QÆ∞iOz
<å\˜ QÆ∞~°∞ t+¨º ã¨O|O^èŒO JѨÓ~°fiO =∂@Ö’ =∂@QÍ, qã¨∞QÆxÑ≤OK«‰õΩO_® ǨÏ$^ŒºOQÍ =ÚK«Û@∞¡ K≥Ñ≤ÊOk. x*OQÍ
Jq =ÚK«Û>Ë¡. ã¨Ow`«O qO@∞#fl"åà◊¡‰õΩ L™êÎ^£ JÖÏ¡kÜ«∂MÏ<£ ™êÃÇÏÉò QÆ∞iOz,
J`«x QÍÜ«∞# â‹·e QÆ∞iOz, J`«x t+¨µºÅ QÆ∞iOz ZO`À H˘O`« `≥Å∞ã¨∞. J\Ï¡ˆQ
ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú QÆ∞iOz ‰õÄ_® `≥Å∞ã¨∞. L™êÎ^£ JÖÏ¡kÜ«∂MÏ<£ ™êÃÇÏÉò QÆ∞iOz
ÃãÃÑìO|~ü 23, 2007 <å\˜ '^Œ Ç≤ÏO^Œ∂— Ѩ„uHõÖ’ #q∞`å ^Õg^ŒÜ«∂Öò Z<Àfl K«i„`«Å∞<åfl~Ú. ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú QÆ∞iOz ‰õÄ_® =Ù<åfl~Ú. JxflO\˜HõO>Ë
~åã≤# The music room J<Õ WOw¡+π ѨÙã¨ÎHõOÃÑ· ã¨g∞Hõ∆ =zÛOk. âߢã‘ÎÜ«∞ =ÚYº"≥∞ÿ#k P"≥∞ ™È^Œ~°∞_»∞ ÉÏ|∂~å=Ù ˆH~°¯~ü ~åã≤# K«i„`«. J~Ú`Õ U K«i„`«Ö’
ã¨Ow`åxH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# ѨÙã¨ÎHõ=∞k. ã¨q`å Q“`«O ~åã≤# ã¨g∞Hõ∆ K«k"Õ "åà◊¡‰õΩ ÖËx =ÚK«Û@∞¡ #q∞`« K≥ѨÊQÆeyOk. J=hfl ^èÀO_»∂`å~Ú ‰õΩÅHõs‚ =Å# q#fl"Õ.
P ѨÙã¨HÎ Oõ "≥O@<Õ `≥ÑÊ≤ OK«∞H˘x K«^"Œ åÅ<Õ Pã¨HΘ HõÅ∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. JÖÏO\˜ ã¨g∞HõÖ∆ Ë `≥eã≤# Jxfl q+¨Ü«∂Å#∞ ~åÜ«∞@O JO^ŒiH© ™ê^茺O HÍ^Œ∞. J"≥∞iHÍÖ’x
L`«Î=∞"≥∞ÿ#q. D ѨÙã¨ÎHõO `≥Ñ≤ÊOK«∞HÀ"åÅx <Õ#∞ <å H˘_»∞‰õΩÅ`À J<åfl#∞. „Ñ≤<£û@<£ qâ◊fiq^•ºÅÜ«∞O #∞Oz [~°fle[OÖ’ Ѩ\Ïìá⁄Ok# #q∞`« U =ÚK«Û@
"Õ∞q∞OHÍ P „Ѩܫ∞`«flO KÕÜ«∞<ÕÖË^Œ∞. JO`«Ö’ <å¿Ñ~° XHõ áêi≈Öò =zÛOk. K≥Ñ≤Ê<å ã¨~°à◊ ã¨∞O^Œ~°"≥∞ÿ# â‹·eÖ’ K«Hõ¯QÍ K≥ѨÊQÆeyOk.
JO^Œ∞Ö’ <å¿Ñ~° J^Õ Ñ¨Ùã¨ÎHõO. P áêi≈Öò ѨOÑ≤#"å~°∞ N l. Ѷ¨}˜‰õΩ=∂~ü
S.Z.Ü«∞ãπ. QÀ^•=i QÍ^èŒÅ∞ ~åã≤# Ѷ¨}˜‰õΩ=∂~ü QÍ~°∞ Ç≤ÏO^Œ∞™êÎh ã¨Ow`åxH˜
ã¨O|OkèOz# U ~°K«# HõxÑ≤Oz<å Jk <Õ#∞ K«^Œ∞"åÅ#∞‰õΩO\Ï~°∞. J\Ï¡ˆQ
L~°∂Ì Hõq`«Å ѨÙã¨ÎHõO HõxÑ≤Oz<å <Õ#∞ K«^Œ∞"åÅ#∞‰õΩO\Ï~°∞ "å~°∞. JO`«‰õΩ
=ÚO^Œ∞ l.Z<£. *’+≤ ~åã≤# Down melody lane J<Õ Ñ¨Ùã¨ÎHÍxfl J\Ï¡ˆQ "å~°∞
<å‰õΩ `≥Ñ≤ÊOz WzÛ<å~°∞. P ѨÙã¨ÎHÍ<Õfl `åq∞ûH˜ K≥Ok# U. ÅH©∆ ‡HÍO`«~å=Ù
(„ѨâßO`ü) ‰õÄ_® `≥ÑÊ≤ Oz WzÛ<å_»∞. =∞~åsîÖ’ '|∞A~°∞Q∑— J<Õ Ñ¨Ùã¨HÎ Oõ =zÛOk.
Jk H˘O^Œ~°∞ „Ѩ=ÚY QÍ~ÚHÍ QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÅ |Ü«∂„QÆѶ≤. ^•xfl _®II <åQÆ~åA
ã¨∞ˆ~O„^Œ QÍ~°∞ <å‰õΩ `≥Ñ≤ÊOz WzÛ<å~°∞.
The Music room J<Õ Ñ¨Ùã¨ÎHÍxfl ~°zOz# #q∞`å ^Õq^ŒÜ«∂Öò
J"≥∞iHÍÖ’ [~°fle[O QÆ∞iOz K«^Œ∞=Ù‰õΩ#flk. P"≥∞‰õΩ Ѩ^ÕO_»¡ =Ü«∞ã¨∞ûO_»QÍ<Õ
P"≥∞ `«e¡ P<å\˜ *ˇ·Ñ¨Ó~ü Ѷ¨∞~å<å‰õΩ K≥Ok# "Õ∞\˜ QÍÜ«∞‰õΩ~åÅ∞ ^èÀO_»∂`å~Ú
‰õΩÅHõs‚ ^ŒQÆæ~° âß„ã‘ÎÜ«∞ ã¨Ow`«O <ÕiÊOzOk. P ã¨Ow`« tHõ∆} ã¨iQÍ ™êQÆÖË^Œ∞.
P"≥∞ QÍ„`« â◊√kúH˜ ^èÀO_»∂`å~Ú =Úiã≤áÈ`«∂ ''<å z<åfli ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú—— Jx q^Œ∞+≤ "≥∂QÆ∂ÉÏ~Ú ‰õΩs¤Hõ~ü
K≥ѨÙʉõΩ<Õk JO^Œi`À #q∞`å ã¨Ow`åxfl JO`«QÍ XO@ Ѩ\ ˜ìOK«∞HÀÖËHõ áÈ~Ú<å
`«# QÆ∞~°∞=∂`« ^èÀO_»∞`å~Ú ‰õΩÅHõs‚ =ºH˜Î`«fiO =Å#, QÍÜ«∞#â‹·e =Å#, KåÖÏ ZO^Œ~À QÍ~ÚHÍ QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÅ QÍÜ«∞<åxfl PeO_çÜ«∂ ˆ~_çÜ≥∂Ö’, HMV
„ѨÉèÏq`«∞~åÅ~ÚOk. P"≥∞ `«# QÆ∞~°∞=∂`«#∞ QÆ∞iOKÕ ~åÜ«∂Å#∞‰õΩ#fl^Õ"≥∂ HÍh Ö’ iHÍ~ü¤ KÕã≤# ã¨Ow`«"Õ`«Î, QÍÜ«∞‰õΩ_»∞ l.Z<£. *’+≤, ˆHã¨iÉÏ~Ú Éèí‰õΩÎ_»∞. P"≥∞
`«# QÆ∞~°∞=∂`«‰Ωõ ã¨Ow`«O <ÕiÊ# Hˆ ã¨~Éü Ï~Ú Hˆ ~°¯~ü#∞ QÆ∞iOz, P"≥∞ ‰õΩ@∞OÉÏxfl =∞Ǩ~å}˜ÖÏO\˜ q„QÆǨÏO HõÅ^Œx, ~å}˜sîq QÆÅ^Œx, JO^Œ∞ˆH P"≥∞ ~å[
ã¨fi~°ÅÜ«∞Å∞
Éèí=<åÅÖ’, ã¨OѨ#∞flÅ∞ x~°fiÇ≤ÏOKÕ =¸ºlH± HÍ#ÊùÔ~#∞ûÖ’¡ `«Ñ¨Ê ™ê=∂#∞ºÅ
HÀã¨O Z#fl_»∂ áê_»ÖË^ŒO\Ï_»∞. P"≥∞#∞ QÆ∞iOz `≥eã≤# W`«~° ã¨Ow`«A˝Å∞
‰õÄ_® P =∂>Ë J<åfl~°∞. HÍh #q∞`« =∂„`«O P"≥∞ =∞QÆ~åÜ«Úx ÖÏQÍ =ÙO_Õ^xŒ ,
P"≥∞ HõO~î°O "≥Ú^Œ\’¡ "≥ÚQÆ HõO~î°"Õ∞#x, ZHõ¯_çH˜ "≥o¡<å ~å[sîq`À "≥àı¡^Œx, P"≥∞
™ê^è•~°}OQÍ Jã¨ÉèíºÑ¨^Œ*ÏÖÏxfl LK«ÛiOKÕ^Œx JO@∞Ok. W^ŒO`å P"≥∞ `«#
QÆ∞~°∞=∂`« ^èÀO_»∂`å~Ú =Å# q#fl^Œx J#∞‰õΩ<åfl#∞. JÖÏ J#∞HÀ=@O ã¨~Ô O· k
HÍHõáÈ=K«∞Û. #q∞`« ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú ‰õÄ`«∞~°∞`À, =∞#∞=∞~åe`À, P"≥∞<≥iy# W`«~°
¢ã‘ÎÅ`À =∂\Ï¡_çOk. Z=i =∂@Ö’¡<À P q+¨Ü«∂Åhfl `≥Å∞ã¨∞‰õΩx =ÙO@∞Ok.
`«#‰õΩ #zÛ# W^ŒÌ~°∞ =ÚQÆ∞æ~°∞ `«Ñ¨Ê W`«~°∞Å QÆ∞iOz KåÖÏ `ÕeHõQÍ, "≥H˜eQÍ,
J==∂#Hõ~O° QÍ =∂\Ï¡_Õ Hˆ ã¨~Éü Ï~Ú H©iâÎ +ı µ¨ ~åÅ~Ú# q^Œ∞+≤ ÅH©∆ ‡ÉÏ~Ú *Ï^Œ"£
QÆ∞iOz ^èÀO_»∂`å~Ú ã¨=∞Hõ∆OÖ’<Õ J==∂#Hõ~°"≥∞ÿ# Ѩ^ŒúuÖ’ =∂\Ï¡_çO^Œ@.
H˘ÖϛѨÓ~üÖ’<Õ =ÙO_Õ ÅH©∆ ‡ÉÏ~Ú L™êÎ^£ JÖÏ¡kÜ«∂MÏ<£, L™êÎ^£ ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~üMÏ#¡
^ŒQÆæ~° *ˇ·Ñ¨Ó~ü Ѷ¨∞~å<å ã¨Ow`«O <ÕiÛOk. ^èÀO_»∂`å~Ú H˘xfl <≥ÅÅ∞ P"≥∞
t+¨ºiHõO KÕã≤Ok. HÍ|\˜ì ã¨fi~°æã¨∞Î~åÅ~Ú# `«# QÆ∞~°∞=∂`« QÆ∞iOz JO`«
K«=HõÉÏ~°∞ q=∞~°≈ KÕÜ«∞@O ^èÀO_»∂`å~ÚH˜ ÉÏ^èŒ HõeyOzOk. `«# Jaè=∂#∞Å
=ÚO^Œ∞ ZѨC_»∂ Z=i<À XHõix "≥He˜ QÍ q=∞i≈ã¨∂Î =ÙO_Õ Hˆ ã¨~Éü Ï~Ú ã¨fiÉèÏ=O
#K«ÛHõ ã¨Ow`« tHõ∆} HÀã¨O P"≥∞ WO\˜H˜ "≥Å¡@O =∂#∞‰õΩ#flk. =~°∞ã¨QÍ
<åÅæ~Ú^Œ∞ ~ÀAÅ∞ `«# ^ŒQiæÆ H˜ ^èÀO_»∂`å~Ú ~å#O^Œ∞# QÍ|~åѨ_#ç Hˆ ã¨~Éü Ï~Ú
P"≥∞#∞ Ñ≤Å∞=#OÑ≤Ok. JuHõ+¨ìO g∞^Œ `«#‰õΩ ã¨Ow`«O <Õ~°Ê\ÏxH˜ XѨC‰õΩ#fl
ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~ÚH˜ ^Œ∂~°OQÍ =ÙO_»@O ^èÀO_»∂`å~ÚH˜ #K«ÛÖË^Œ∞. =∞#ã¨∞ã¨iQÍ
ÖˉõΩ<åfl ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú ^ŒQÆæiH˜ "≥o¡Ok. Jxfl ~ÀAÅ∞ ~å#O^Œ∞‰õΩ HÍ~°}=∞_»∞QÆQÍ,
XHõÑʨ \˜ `«# QÆ∞~°∞=∂`« ÅH©∆ ‡ÉÏ~Ú *Ï^Œ"#£ ∞ QÆ∞iOz JO`«\ ˜ K«=HõÉÏ~°∞ q=∞~°≈
KÕÜ«∞@O `«#‰õΩ ÉÏ^èŒ HõeyOzO^Œx, `«#‰õΩ Ѩ~°xO^Œ #K«Û^Œx, K≥Ñ≤ÊOk.
ã¨=∞Ü«∞A˝~åÖˇ·# ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú, ''x#∞fl ѨsH˜∆OKåÅ<Õ P q=∞~°≈ KÕã≤<å#∞. P"≥∞
=∂ Ѷ¨∞~å<å‰õΩ K≥Ok# Q˘Ñ¨Ê QÍÜ«∞‰õΩ~åÅx `≥Å∞ã¨∞. <å ѨsHõ∆Ö’ h=Ù
<≥yæ<å==∂‡~Ú. ˆ~Ѩ٠<Õ#∞ áÈ~Ú# `«~°∞"å`« ##∞fl QÆ∞iOz Z=Ô~·<å K«=HõÉÏ~°∞
q=∞~° ≈ KÕ ¿ ãÎ W\Ï¡ ˆ Q #∞=Ùfi áÈ\Ï¡ _ » ` å=#fl #=∞‡Hõ O Hõ e yOk.—— Jx
^èÀO_»∂`å~Úx ã¨O`À+≤OѨ*˿㠄Ѩܫ∞`«flO KÕã≤Ok.
D ã¨OѶ¨∞@# =Å# ^èÀO_»∂`å~Ú Ñ¨~°xO^Œ#∞ ã¨Ç≤ÏOKÕk HÍ^Œx
`≥Å∞ã¨∞Î#flk. HÍ|\˜ì ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Úx QÆ∞iOz P"≥∞ J\Ï¡O\˜ =∂@Å∞ Jx =ÙO_»^Œ∞.
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L™êÎ^£ Éè∞í s˚MÏ<£ k=OQÆ`∞« _≥#· `«~∞° "å`« ÉÏÉÏ ^èÀO_»∂`å~Úx Hˆ ã¨~Éü Ï~Ú
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L™êÎ^£ JÖÏ¡kÜ«∂MÏ<£ ™êÃÇÏÉò 90 ÜÕ∞à◊¡ =Ü«∞ã¨∞ûÖ’ ÉÁOÉÏ~Ú #QÆ~å#
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Ñ≤eÑ≤OK«∞‰õΩ<åfl `«# „ÉÏǨχ}`åfixfl Éèí„^ŒOQÍ HÍáê_»∞HÀQÆeyOk. J\Ï¡ˆQ
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QÆ∞~°∞=∂`«‰õΩ áê^•aè=O^Œ#O KÕÜ«∞É’~Ú# ^èÀO_»∂`å~Úx =∞^茺֒<Õ PÑ≤,
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H˘O^Œ~°∞ Q˘Ñ¨Ê QÍ~ÚHÍ QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÅ „Ѩ=~°Î# Z@∞¡<åfl, JÖ"å@∞¡ Z@∞¡<åfl,
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[iy# XHõ =ÚK«Û@ Ü«∂kH˜ =ã¨∞Î#flk. D =ÚK«Û@ ‰õÄ_® #q∞`«‰õΩ XHõ
ã¨Ow`« ~°ã≤‰õΩ_»∞ K≥Ñ≤Ê#^Õ.
P„QÍ Ñ¶∞¨ ~å<å‰õΩ K≥Ok# L™êÎ^£ #`«<÷ £ MÏ<£ U ™êú~ÚH˜ K≥Ok# QÍÜ«∞‰õΩ_À
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|MË¡, P Ѷ¨∞~å<å‰õΩ K≥Ok# "Õ∞\˜ QÍÜ«∞‰õΩ_≥·# L™êÎ^£ #`«ú<£ MÏ<£ ^ŒQÆæ~° ‰õÄ_®
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HÍeH˜O^Œ U^≥·# Ѩ_»¤@∞ì J#∞=∂#O =zÛ<å, ^Œo`«∞Ö’, =Úã≤¡=ÚÖ’ `À=‰õΩ
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J@∞=O\˜ HÍHõ WO\’¡ ÉèÏ㨯~ü |∞"å =ÙO@∞#flѨÙÊ_»∞, L™êÎ^£ #`«ú<£ MÏ<£
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P WO@, J`«x uO_ô `åQÆ∞_»∞ ÜÕ∞~åÊ@∞ KÕÜ«∞@O JO`« ã¨∞Hõ~°O HÍ^Œ∞. `«#
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JkèHõ=∞=Ù`«∂ =zÛ<å~Ú. =∞^茺~å„u `«~°∞"å`« ã¨∞+¨µìQÍ =∂O™êǨ~°O ux
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ÉèÏ㨯~ü|∞"å `«# Ѩ_»Hõ g∞^Œ Ѩ_»∞‰õΩ<åfl_»∞. „ÉÏǑχ =ÚǨ˙~åÎ# ÉèÏ㨯~ü |∞"å‰õΩ
"≥∞ʼnõΩ= =zÛOk. L™êÎ^£ WOHÍ x„^ŒÖ’<Õ L<åfl_»∞. |∞"å J`«xfl ÖËÑ≤, ''L™êÎ^£!
^ŒÜ«∞KÕã≤ g∞iHõ¯_ç #∞Oz "≥o¡áÈ"åe. =∂ HÍHõ ÖËz =KÕÛ ã¨=∞Ü«∞=∞~ÚOk. D
=∞^ŒºO ã‘™êÅ#∞, áê„`«ÅÖ’x Z=ÚHõÅ#∞ K«∂K≥<å, =∂ HÍHõ ##∞fl K«OÑ≤"Õ™êÎ_»∞.
ã¨fi~°ÅÜ«∞Å∞
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`«Ñ¨Ê^Œ∞.
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=∞ǨÏhÜ«ÚÖˇ·# ѨO_ç`ü ~å=∞Hõ$+¨‚|∞"å =ˆ~≠ ^ŒQÆæ~° H˘<åflà◊√¡, L™êÎ^£ J|∞ÌÖò
HõsO MÏ<£ ^ŒQÆæ~° H˘xfl <≥ÅÅ∞ ѨO_ç`ü ÉèÏ㨯~ü |∞"å |MË¡ ^ŒQÆæ~° H˘<åflà◊√§, Ѩ\ϺÖÏ
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JukäQÍ =zÛ# ¿ã\ò P"≥∞#∞ =∞O^ŒeOz<å_»∞. P<å\˜ „ѨMϺ`« QÍ~ÚHõ
`å~åÉÏ~Ú t~À_£Hõ~ü ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú `«~°∞"å`« áê_çOk. P"≥∞ QÍÜ«∞<åxH˜ ǨÅO`å
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QÍÜ«∞#O ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú QÍÜ«∞#O HõO>Ë Jxflq^è•ÖÏ „âı+¨ª"≥∞ÿ#k.
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Jaè=∂xOKÕ ¿ã\òQÀáêÖò^•ãπ P"≥∞‰õΩ Z<Àflq^è•Å ™êO`«fi# KÕ‰õĈ~Û „Ѩܫ∞`«flO Ô~O_»∞=O^ŒÅ∞ ÃÑ· Y~°∞ÛʼnõΩ "Õˆ~. Ѩ^Õà◊§ =~°‰õΩ ã¨Ow`« tHõ∆} WÜ«∂ºÖˇ.
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P"≥∞ HõO>Ë Z<Àfl UO_»∞¡ ÃÑ^ŒÌ"å_»~Ú<å P"≥∞#∞ „¿Ñq∞OKÕ"å_»∞. P"≥∞ UÔH·Hõ "≥à◊√`«∞Ok. WÖÏ MÏ<£ ™êÃÇÏÉò#∞ ã¨=∂^è•#Ѩiz<å_»∞ ¿ã\ò. H˘ÖϛѨÓ~üÖ’
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PÖ’zOz<å~°∞. J~Ú`Õ L™êÎ^£ JÖÏ¡kÜ«∂MÏ<£#∞ H˘ÖϛѨÓ~ü ^Œ~åƒ~°∞ #∞O_ç ae¤OQ∑Ö’ Ô~O_»∞ =∞Oz QÆ^Œ∞eÑ≤ÊOz<å~°∞. 1 = [#=i 1921 ~ÀA
ÉÁOÉÏ~ÚH˜ ~°Ñ≤ÊOK«_»O Z\Ï¡? J<Õ „Ѩâ◊fl Z^Œ∞Ô~·Ok. J@ìǨã¨OQÍ ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú QÆO_®|O^èŒ# =∞Ǩϟ`«û=O [iyOk. JѨC_»∞ MÏ<£
¿ã\ò QÀáêÖò^•ãπ q∞„`«∞_»∞ ¿ã\ò q~î°ªÖò^•ãπ. J`«_»∞ JÖÏ¡kÜ«∂MÏ<£‰õΩ ™êÃÇÏÉò =Ü«∞ã¨∞û 66 ã¨O=`«û~åÅ∞. "≥∂QÆ∂ÉÏ~Ú ‰õΩsÌHõ~ü‰õΩ <ÕiÊ#ѨC_»∞
ã¨xflÇ≤Ï`« q∞„`«∞_»∞. U^À XHõ q∞+¨`À L™êÎ^£‰õΩ Pi÷Hõ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O KÕã¨∂Î =ÙO\Ï_»∞. MÏ<£™êÃÇÏÉò =Ü«∞ã¨∞û 50 ã¨O=`«û~åÅ∞. `åhÉÏ~ÚH˜ <ÕiÊ#ѨC_»∞ MÏ<£™êÃÇÏÉò
J`«_»∞ H˘ÖϛѨÓ~üÖ’ =ÙO_Õ L™êÎ^£ JÖÏ¡kÜ«∂MÏ<£‰õΩ, ''¿ã\ò q~î°ªÖò^•ãπ P~ÀQƺO =Ü«∞ã¨∞û 40 ã¨O=`«û~åÅ∞.
U=∂„`«O ÉÏQÍÖË^Œ∞. g∞~°∞ "≥O>Ë ~å=Åã≤Ok.—— Jx Hõ|∞~°∞ ѨOÑ≤Oz<å_»∞.
L™êÎ^£ QÍÉèí~åѨ_ç =∞Ǩ~å*Ï"åi J#∞=∞u fã¨∞H˘x Ǩï\ÏǨï\˜ ÉÁOÉÏ~Ú
KÕi<å_»∞. L™êÎ^£ KÕ~°∞‰õΩ<Õ =~°‰õΩ ¿ã\ò q~î°ªÖò^•ãπ `«# WO\’¡ ‰õÄ~°∞ÛO_ç Ǩ~ÚQÍ
+¨~°ƒ`ü `åQÆ∞`«∂ HõxÑ≤Oz<å_»∞. L™êÎ^£‰õΩ KåÖÏ HÀѨO =zÛOk. ''W^Õq∞
Ѩ~åzHõO? WO`«\ ˜ J|^Œú"≥∞O^Œ∞‰õΩ?—— Jx P„QÆÇ≤ÏOz<å_»∞. ''âßOuOK«O_ç
MÏ<£™êÃÇÏÉò! =∂ =∂@ q#O_ç—— Jx ¿ã\ò q~î°ªÖò^•ãπ |u=∂Å∞`«∞#flO`«Ö’
¿ã\ò QÀáêÖò^•ãπ JHõ¯_çH˜ =zÛ<å_»∞ W^ŒÌ~°∞ ¿ã@∞¡ Hõeã≤ MÏ<£™êÃÇÏÉò#∞
KåÖÏ=~°‰õΩ âßOuOѨ*Ëã≤<å~°∞. ''=∂ W^ŒÌi HÀiHõ =∞xflOz ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~ÚH˜ g∞
Ѷ¨∞~å<å ã¨Ow`«O ™êHõźOQÍ <ÕiÊOKåÖˇ.—— Jx ¿ã\ò q~î°ªÖò^•ãπ "Õ_»∞‰õΩ<åfl_»∞
MÏ<£™êÃÇÏÉò, ''Jk ™ê^茺=∞ÜÕ∞ºÑ¨x HÍ^Œ∞ ¿ã\ò! P J=∂‡~Ú Zxq∞^Õà◊§ H˜O^Œ@
<å ã¨Ow`«O <Õ~°∞ÛHÀ=\ÏxH˜ =zÛOk. ZO`« „Ѩܫ∞uflOz<å P"≥∞‰õΩ <å Ѷ¨∞~å<å
ã¨Ow`«O J|ƒ^Œ∞.—— J<åfl_»∞ P^Œ~°}©Ü«∞ q∞„`«∞_≥·# ¿ã\ò q~î°ªÖò^•ãπ `«##∞ =ke
ÃÑ>Ëì@@∞ì ÖË_»x „QÆÇ≤ÏOz# MÏ<£™êÃÇÏÉò Z<≥fl<Àfl ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ Z^Œ∞@ÃÑ\˜ì<å_»∞.
=∞Ǩ  ~å*Ï"å~° ∞ `« # #∞, `« # ‰õ Ω @∞OÉÏxfl 㨠H õ Å ™œHõ ~ åºÅ∞ Hõ e yOz
áÈ+≤ã∞¨ <Î åfl~°∞. "åix q_çzÃÑ\˜ì ~å=@O =∞~åº^ŒHÍ^Œ∞. ^Õ=^•ã‘ ‰õΩÖÏxH˜ K≥Ok#
Hˆ ã¨~Éü Ï~ÚH˜ âߢãOÎ̈ <Õ~Ê° @O `«#‰õΩ ã¨=∞‡`«O HÍ^Œ∞. ¿ã\ò q~îÖª° ò^•ãπ JxflO\˜H©

15
J#∞HõiOK«ÖËxk ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú áêO_ç`«ºO
ˆ H 㨠~ ü É Ï~Ú ˆ H ~° ¯ ~ü ‰ õ Ω JÖÏ¡ k Ü« ∂ MÏ<£ ™êÃÇÏÉò ZO^Œ ~ À QÆ \ ˜ ì Q Í
„Ѩܫ∞uflOz# `«~°∞"å`«, "≥Ú^Œ\’¡ KåÖÏ Hõ+¨ìÃÑ_»∞`«∂ `«# ã¨Ow`åxfl <ÕiÊ<å_»∞.
`«~°∞"å`« `«~°∞"å`« P"≥∞‰õΩ L^•~°OQÍ q^•º^•#O KÕã≤<å_»∞. "≥Ú^Œ\’¡ MÏ<£
™êÃÇÏÉò áê_»∞`«∂ =ÙO>Ë J`«xH˘Hõ"Ñ·≥ Ù¨ ÃÑ^ŒHÌ ˘_»∞‰õΩ |_ôM˚ Ï<£ ™êÃÇÏÉò, WOH˘Hõ"Ñ·≥ Ù¨
Ô~O_»=H˘_»∞‰õΩ =∞OrMÏ<£ ™êÃÇÏÉò `«O|∂~åÅ∞ g∞@∞`«∂ QÍ„`« ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~°
=∞OkOKÕ"åà◊√§. `«~°∞"åu HÍÅOÖ’ XHõ"≥·Ñ¨Ù z#fl H˘_»∞‰õΩ Éèí∞s˚MÏ<£ ™êÃÇÏÉò
WOH˘Hõ"≥·Ñ¨Ù ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú ˆH~°¯~ü `«O|∂~åÅ∞ g∞@∞`«∂ QÍ„`« ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~° =∞OkOKÕ
"åà◊√§.
ã¨fi~°N ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú ˆH~°¯~ü
61 J#∞HõiOK«ÖËxk ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú áêO_ç`«ºO
1944 = ã¨O=`«û~°O, ÉÁOÉÏ~ÚÖ’x q„Hõ=∂k`«º ǨÖ’¡ |ǨïK«iÛ`«"∞≥ #ÿ
ã¨Ow`« =∞Ǩã¨ÉèíÖ’ Jxfl Ѷ¨∞~å<åÅ L™êÎ^Œ∞Å∞ ã¨=∂"Õâ◊"≥∞ÿ<å~°∞. "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜~å„u
`≥Å¡"å~°∞ ~°≠Ï=Ú# P~°∞QÆO@ʼnõΩ L™êÎ^£ JÖÏ¡kÜ«∂MÏ<£ ™êÃÇÏÉò „áê`«óHÍÅ
~åQÍÅ∞, ~å"£∞Hõe, aÉèÏãπ qxÑ≤Oz „â’`«Å<Õ HÍHõ QÍ~ÚHÍ QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÅ#∞ ‰õÄ_®
P#O^•â◊Û~åºÅÖ’ =ÚOz"Õã≤<å~°∞. JѨC_»`«x =Ü«∞ã¨∞û 90 ÜÕ∞O_»∞¡.
ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú QÍ„`« ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~° =∞OkOzOk P ã¨ÉèíÖ’. JѨC_®"≥∞ =Ü«∞ã¨∞û ^•^•Ñ¨Ù
50 ÜÕ∞O_»∞¡. P ã¨ÉèíÖ’<Õ ã¨Ow`«ã¨Éèí ѨH∆Í# L™êÎ^£ JÖÏ¡kÜ«∂ MÏ<£ ™êÃÇÏÉò‰õΩ
The mount Everest of Hindusthani classical Music J<Õ a~°∞^Œ∞ „Ѩ^•#O
KÕÜ«∞|_çOk. P ã¨ÉèíÖ’ H˘O^Œ~°∞ H˘`«Î HõàÏHÍ~°∞Å∞ ã¨Ow`« „ѨѨOKåxH˜ Ѩiz`«∞Öˇ·
Q˘Ñ¨Ê "åà◊§O^Œi, Pâ◊Û~°ºK«H˜`«∞efl KÕã≤<å~°∞. ѨO*ÏÉò #∞Oz =zÛ# L™êÎ^£
|_ÕQÆ∞ÖÏ=∞bMÏ<£ ™êÃÇÏÉò "≥Ú@ì"≥Ú^Œ\ ˜™êi P ã¨ÉèíÖ’<Õ áê_ç WHõ¯_ç Ѷ¨∞~å<å
L™êÎ^Œ∞ÅO^ŒiH˜ Ѩiz`«∞_≥·<å_»∞. HõÅHõ`åÎ #∞Oz =zÛ# Ü«Ú= ã≤`å~ü "å^Œ‰õΩ_»∞
L™êÎ^£ qÖÏÜ«∞`üMÏ<£ JO^ŒiH© P#O^ŒO HõeyOz<å_»∞. Jxfl Ѷ¨∞~å<åÅ QÍ~ÚHÍ
QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞ L™êÎ^£ JǨχ^£ *Ï<£ u~°MÏfi `«ÉÏ¡ "å^Œ#O qq "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜™êi
=ÚQÆ∞úÖˇ·<å~å ã¨ÉèíÖ’<Õ.
* * *
ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú ˆH~°¯~ü n~°…HÍÅO QÆ∞~°∞â◊√„â◊¥+¨ KÕã≤ ™êkèOz# ã¨Ow`«q^Œº
x[OQÍ k=º"≥∞ÿ#k. P"≥∞ WO^Œ∂~ü, |~À_®, QÍfieÜ«∂~ü, HÍj‡~ü, <ÕáêÖò
~å[Éèí=<åÅÖ’, ã¨OѨ#fl "åºáê~åkèѨ`«∞Å∞ x~°fiÇ≤ÏOKÕ Q˘Ñ¨Ê Q˘Ñ¨Ê =¸ºlH±
HÍ#ÊùÔ~#∞ûÅÖ’<Õ áê_çOk HÍx ™ê=∂#º „Ѩ[ÅHÀã¨O áê_»ÖË^Œ<≥ áê_»ÖË^Œ∞. `å#∞
ã¨OáêkOz# q^Œº Z=iH© ^˘~°HõQÆ∂_»^Œx ÉèÏqOKÕk. Z=~°∂ J#∞HõiOK«~åx
q^èŒOQÍ áê_Õk. Z=Ô~·<å >ËÑπ iHÍ~°¤~ü `≥zÛ<å~°x `≥e¿ãÎ ZO`«\ ˜ "åi<≥·<å
ã¨Éèí#∞Oz |Ü«∞\˜H˜ ѨOÑ≤OKÕk. H˘O^Œ~°∞ ^èŒx‰õΩÖˇ·# ¿ã@∞¡ P"≥∞ ã¨Ow`«O Ѩ@¡
ZO`« \ ˜ "≥ é ˜ ] Jaè = ∂<åxfl ÃÑOK« ∞ ‰õ Ω <åfl~° O >Ë Ç¨  Å∞Ö’Oz |Ü« ∞ @‰õ Ω
ѨOÑ≤OK«|_ç# "åà◊√¡ ‰õÄ_® ^Œ∂~å# pHõ\’¡ ‰õÄ~°∞Ûx P"≥∞ QÍÜ«∞#O q<Õ"åà◊§@.
âßOuxˆH`«#OÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞^Õ"£ ~îåQÆ∂~ü P"≥∞ QÍ#ã¨Éèí ÜÕ∞~åÊ@∞KÕã≤, P"≥∞
QÍÜ«∞<åxH˜ =ÚQÆ∞ú_≥· ZO`«QÍ<À „Ѩâ◊Oã≤Oz 'ã¨fi~°N— J<Õ a~°∞^Œ „Ѩ^•#O
KÕã≤<å_»∞. P `«~°∞"å`« P"≥∞#∞ Z=Ô~·<å ã¨fi~°N ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú J<Õ ¿Ñ~˘¯<åfl~°∞.
ã¨fi~°ÅÜ«∞Å∞ 62
P"≥∞ U #Å∞QÆ∞Ô~·^Œ∞QÆ∞~˘ `«Ñ¨Ê Hõ_»=∞ QÍÜ«∞h QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÅO^Œih `«# â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ<Õ
ÉÏqOKÕk. `å#∞ <ÕiÛ# JѨÙ~°∂Ѩ"≥∞ÿ# =∞Ǩq^茺 `«#`À<Õ Éèí∂™ê÷Ñ≤`«O
HÍ"åÅ#flk P"≥∞ QÆ\ ˜ì HÀiHõ. J~Ú`Õ L™êÎ^£ JÖÏ¡kÜ«∂MÏ<£ ™êÃÇÏÉò ã¨Ow`åxfl
"≥é˜]QÍ Jaè=∂xOKÕ ¿ã@¡O^Œ~°∂, P ã¨Ow`«O ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú `«~°∞"å`« WOÔH=iÔH·<å
ÅaèOKåÅx P"≥∞#∞ KåÖÏHÍÅO |u=∂Å∞‰õΩ<åfl~°∞. "åà◊¡ HÀiHõ#∞ =∞xflOz `«#
70= ÜÕ∞@ `«# Ѷ¨∞~å<å ã¨Ow`åxfl XH˜O`« <Õ~°∞ÛH˘x áê_»QÆey# =ºH˜ÎH˜ `«#
ã¨Ow`«O <Õ~°ÊQÆÅ#x =∞~åsî Ö’H±=∞`ü Ѩ„uHõÖ’ „ѨHõ@# KÕ~ÚOzOk.
* * * KÕã¨∞Î#flk. H˘@s JO>Ë P"≥∞#∞ Jaè=∂xOKÕ ¿ã\ò âßOfÉèÏ~Ú, ¿ã\ò
L™êÎ^£ Éèí∞s˚MÏ<£ =∞~°}˜Oz# `«~°∞"å`« ^èÀO_»∂`å~ÚH˜ <Õˆ~Ê"åà‹¡=~°∂
ÖË~°∞. ÉÏÉÏ `å#∞ áê_»∞`«∂ <Õ~°ÊÖË_»∞. áê_»∞`«∂ <Õ~°ÊQÆÅ =ºH˜Î XHõ¯`Õ. P"≥∞ P
Ѷ¨∞~å<åˆH K≥Ok# ã¨fi~°N ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú ˆH~°¯~ü.
J^Õ"≥∂ HÍh Z=iH© Ѩ@∞ì|_»‰õΩO_® `«# QÍ# Hõà◊#∞ XH˘¯Hõ¯ "ÕkHõg∞^Œ
XH˘¯Hõ¯ ~°HõOQÍ „Ѩ^Œi≈OKÕ ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Úx „Ѩu "ÕkHõ g∞^Œ q<åÅx PHÍOH˜∆OKÕ
"åà◊¡Ñ¨Ê\˜ QÍ~ÚHÍ QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞. `«# t+¨µº_»∞ QÆ*Ï#<£ |∞"å *’+‘H˜ L™êÎ^£
Éèí∞s˚MÏ<£, ''g∞ #QÆ~°OÖ’ ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú áê_»∞`«∞#flk P"≥∞ ZHõ¯_≥Hõ¯_» áê_ç<å
`«Ñ¨Ê‰õΩO_® q<åÖˇ.—— Jx *Ï|∞ ~åã≤<å_»∞. Q˘Ñ¨Ê QÍÜ«∞‰õΩ~åÖˇ·# "≥∂QÆ∂ÉÏ~¸
‰õΩs¤Hõ~ü `«# ‰õÄ`«∞~°∞ H˜â’s P"≥∂}üHõ~ü‰õΩ ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú áê@ ZHõ¯_» [iy<å, U
~å„u [iy<å `«Ñ¨Ê‰õΩO_® q#=Åã≤OkQÍ P^ÕtOzOk. W@∞=O\˜ QÍ~ÚHÍ
QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞ „â◊^Œú`À `«# QÍÜ«∞<åxfl q#\ÏxH˜ =¿ãÎ `«# QÍÜ«∞#â‹·ex ™⁄O`«O
KÕã¨∞HÀ=\ÏxˆH =zÛ<å~°x QÍÉèí~å Ѩ_Õk ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú P"≥∞ ã¨fiÉèÏ="Õ∞ JO`«. `«#
áê@ q#\ÏxH˜ „Ѩu~ÀE =ã¨∞Î#fl H˜â’s P"≥∞}üHõ~ü‰õΩ ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú XHõ =ºH˜Î`À
Hõ|∞~°∞ ѨOÑ≤O^Œ@ ''~ÀE <å áê@ q#\ÏxH˜ ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ =ã¨∞Î<åfl=Ù?—— g∞ P~Ú
Q˘Ñ¨Ê QÍÜ«∞‰õΩ~åÅ∞ QÆ^•! "≥Ú^ŒÅ∞ P"≥∞ ã¨Ow`åxfl ѨÓiÎQÍ XO@ Ѩ\ ˜ìOK«∞HÀ.——
Jx. H˜â’s P"≥∂}üHõ~ü P Ѷ¨∞~å<åÖ’<Õ u~°∞QÆ∞ÉÏ@∞^•~°∞. "≥ÚO_çѶ¨∞@O. P
=ºH˜Î`À<Õ, ''=∂ P~Ú ã¨Ow`«O ™êHõźOQÍ XO@ |\˜ìOK«∞‰õΩ#fl `«~åfi`« g∞
ã¨Ow`«O <Õ~°∞ÛHÀ=\ÏxH˜ ~å"åÖÏ? ÖËHõ g∞ QÍÜ«∞#OÖ’ ^˘~°ÖË ^ÀëêÅ#∞
ZuÎK«∂Ѩ\ÏxH˜ ~å"åÖÏ?—— Jx ["å|∞ ѨOÑ≤Ok.
63 J#∞HõiOK«ÖËxk ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú áêO_ç`«ºO
[|ÖòѨÓ~üÖ’ `«# ™È^Œs ™È^Œ~°∞Å ^ŒQÆæ~° =ÙO@∞#fl ^èÀO_»∂`å~Ú
‰õΩÅHõs‚H˜ ÉÏÉÏ (Jr*ÁkÌ<£ MÏ<£) ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú „ѨHõ@# "≥Å∞=_ç# Ö’H±=∞`ü Ѩ„uHõ
ѨOÑ≤ã¨∂Î ã¨fi~°NH˜ XHõ q#uѨ„`«O ѨOѨ=Åã≤OkQÍ HÀi<å_»∞. ^èÀO_»∂`å~Ú
ѨOÑ≤# q#`«Ñ¨„`åxH˜, ''"≥O@<Õ ~å=Åã≤Ok.—— Jx ["å|∞ ѨOÑ≤Ok ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú.
ÉÏÉÏ "≥o¡ QÆ}Ѩu~å=Ù ‰õΩÅHõsx‚ ^èÀO_»∂`å~Úx "≥O|_çOK«∞H˘x ÉÁOÉÏ~ÚÖ’x
a~å¡ =∂`ÀN =∞Ok~åxH˜ "≥o¡<å_»∞. JHõ¯_» P ~å„u ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú ã¨Ow`« ã¨Éèí.
ѨQÆ\ ˜Ñ¨Ó@ ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú `«# H˘@s =∞^茺 ‰õÄ~°∞ÛO_ç =∂@Å`À HÍňH∆ѨO
ÉÏ|∂ÉèÏ~¸ ÖÏO\˜ "åà◊√,¡ P"≥∞ ѨH¯õ "å^ŒºQÍÅ∞¡. "≥Ú^Œ@ ÉÏÉÏ Ö’xH˜ "≥o<¡ å_»∞.
ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú ã¨Ç¨Ï~°¬OQÍ, ''~å ÉÏÉÏ! ~å!—— Jx J`«xfl ™êfiQÆuOzOk. ÉÏÉÏ
P"≥∞‰õΩ ã¨ÖÏO KÕã≤, "å^ŒºQÍÅ¡#∞ ¿Ñ~°∞ ¿Ñ~°∞<å ã¨OÉ’kèOz, ã¨ÖÏO KÕã≤<å_»∞.
`«~°∞"å`« q#Ü«∞OQÍ ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú ^ŒQÆæ~° ‰õÄ~°∞ÛO_ç ''=∂~¸! JÉσr t+¨µº~åÅ∞
^èÀO_»∂`å~Ú. P"≥∞‰õΩ g∞~°∞ ã¨Ow`« tHõ∆} W™êÎ#x ~°=∞‡<åfl~°∞. P"≥∞#∞, P"≥∞
`«O„_çx "≥O|_çOK«∞Hõ =zÛ<å#∞. g∞~°∞ J#∞=∞u¿ãÎ Ö’xH˜ `≥™êÎ#∞. D <å\˜
QÍ# ã¨ÉèíÖ’ g∞ "≥O@ ‰õÄ~°∞ÛO_» ɡ@∞ìHÀ"åÅx „áêi÷ã¨∞Î<åfl#∞.—— J<åfl_»∞.
ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú "≥ÚǨÏO ~°OQÆ∞Å∞ =∂iÛOk. Wk P"≥∞ JǨÏOHÍ~åxH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz#
„Ѩâ◊fl. =zÛ#"å_»∞ `«# QÆ∞~°∞=Ù =∞#∞=∞_»∞. x#fl\˜Ñ≤Å¡ `«# "≥O@ ‰õÄ~°∞ÛO_ç
QÍ„`« ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~°=∞Okã¨∞ÎO^Œ#fl =∂@ P"≥∞‰õΩ #K«Ûxk. HÍ^Œ#ÖË^Œ∞. H˘xfl Hõ∆}ÏÅ∞
Py, ''֒ѨeH˜ `Õ!—— Éèí∞s˚ ZÖÏ <ÕiÊ<å_À ѨsH˜∆OKåÖˇ.—— J#flk.
J`«_∞» QÆ}Ѩ`~ü å=Ù#∞, ^èÀO_»∂`å~¸x "≥O|_çOK«∞H˘x =∞m¡ Hˆ ã¨~Éü Ï~Ú
^ŒQÆæiH˜ "≥o¡<å_»∞. ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú ^èÀO_»∂`å~Úx `«# ^ŒQÆæiH˜ Ñ≤Å∞K«∞H˘x, ''U
=∞=∂‡~¸! h=Ù <å`À HõO~î°O HõÅ∞ѨÙ`å"å?—— Jx „ѨtflOzOk. ''<å‰õΩ `≥eã≤#
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„â◊^ŒúQÍ <ÕiÊ `«#O`« QÍÜ«∞‰õΩxfl KÕã≤<å_»∞. Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~ÚH˜ ã¨∞ˆ~âòÉÏ|∞ <ÕiÊ<å_»∞.
Hõ_»=∞ "åà◊§‰õΩ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú <ÕiÊOk.
L™êÎ^£ J|∞ÌÖò HõsO MÏ<£ ™êÃÇÏÉò `å~åÉÏ~Ú ^ŒQÆæ~° ѨÓ}ËÖ’ =Ù#flO`«
HÍÅOÖ’ P~°º ã¨Ow`« q^•ºÅÜ«∞O ™ê÷Ñ≤Oz Lz`«OQÍ q^•º^•#O KÕã≤<å_»∞.
ã¨Ow`«O <Õ~°∞Û‰õΩ<Õ q^•º~°∞÷ʼnõΩ `«# ^ŒQÆæˆ~ Éè’[#O ÃÑ\˜ìOKÕ"å_»∞. ã¨∞ˆ~âòÉÏ|∞
=∂<ÕˆH HÍHõ ã¨"≥· QÆO^èŒ~°fi, ÉÏÅHõ$+¨‚ |∞"å HõÑ≤ÖËâ◊fi~ü, ÉˇÇ¨Ïˆ~|∞"å, qâ◊fi<å^ä£
|∞"å *Ï^èŒ"£, ^Œâ◊~°^è£ |∞"å =Úàı, â◊OHõ~°~å=Ù ã¨~åflÜ«∞H±, J#O`«~å=Ù QÍ_çæÖò,
"≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·#"åiH˜ QÍ„`« ã¨Ow`«O <ÕiÊ<å_»∞.
|ÅfiO`«~å=Ù ~°∞_ô¯Hõ~ü, +¨O+¨µnÌ<£ MÏ#¡Å‰õΩ `«ÉÏ¡, |ÅfiO`«~å=Ù =∂<Õ‰õΩ
+¨Ç¨Ï<å~Ú, q~î°ªÖò~å=Ù HÀ~üQÍ"£Hõ~ü‰õΩ Ǩ~À‡xÜ«∞O <ÕiÊ<å_»∞. J`«x t+¨µºÅ∞
XH˘¯Hõ¯~°∞ ZO^ŒÔ~O^Œ~À Q˘Ñ¨Ê"åà◊§#∞ `«Ü«∂~°∞ KÕã≤<å~°∞.
ã¨∞ˆ~âòÉÏ|∞ =∂<Õ, Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú, ã¨~°ã¨fif~å}Ë, Hõ=∞ÖÏÉÏ~Ú, =∂}˜H±=~°‡,
„ѨÉèÏ P„`ÕʼnõΩ QÍ„`« ã¨Ow`«O <ÕiÊ<å_»∞.
~åOÉèÏ=Ù ‰õΩO^Œ∞QÀà◊¯~ü (ã¨"·≥ QÆO^è~Œ fi° ), QÆOQÆ∞ÉÏ~ÚǨÏOQÆÖò, cèO¿ã<£ *’+≤,
Ѷ≤~À*ò ^Œã¨∂Î~ü, |ã¨=~å*ò ~å*òQÆ∞~°∞ ʼnõΩ QÍ„`« ã¨Ow`«O <ÕiÊ<å_»∞.
Dq^è Œ O QÍ H˜ ~ å}Ï Ñ¶ ¨ ∞ ~å<å QÍ~ÚHõ Å ∞, QÍÜ« ∞ ‰õ Ω Å∞, "å^Œ ‰ õ Ω Å∞
`å=∞~°`«OѨ~°QÍ ^Õâ◊=∞O`å "åºÑ≤Oz<å~°∞.
H˜~å}ÏѶ¨∞~å<å QÍ~ÚHÍ QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞ ™ê^èŒ∞ã¨O`«∞ÅѨ@¡, =bÅѨ@¡, Ñ‘~üÅ
Ѩ@¡ |Ǩï„â◊^Œú QÆÅ"åà◊√§. XHõ¯ H˜~å}Ï Ñ¶¨∞~å<Õ HÍ^Œ∞. ã¨Ow`« ‰õΩ@∞OÉÏÖ’¡ KåÖÏ
=∞OkH˜ ™ê^èŒ∞ã¨O`«∞Å<åfl, =bÅ<åfl, Ñ‘~üÅ<åfl, ÉèíQÆ=O`«∞_»<åfl ZÅ¡Å∞ ÖËx ÉèíH˜Î.
JO^Œ∞ˆH U ã¨Ow`«OÖ’<≥·<å ÉèíH˜ÎH˜ „Ѩ=ÚY ™ê÷#=Ú#flk. ÃÑ^ŒÌÅ#fl@∞¡, ''ã¨Ow`üÃÇ·Ï
â◊H©Î Dâ◊fi~üH˜ ǨÏ~üã¨∞~ü "≥∞ |¿ãÃÇ·Ï~å"£∞—— JO>Ë ã¨Ow`«O Dâ◊fisÜ«∞ â◊H˜Î,
ã¨fi~°ã¨fi~å# ~å=Ú_»∞ <≥ÅH˘x =Ù<åfl_»∞, Jx `å`«Ê~°ºO.
75 ã¨Ow`«OÃÑ· „â◊^•úÉèí‰õΩÎÅ∞
L™êÎ^£ J|∞ÌÖò HõsOMÏ<£ ™êÃÇÏÉò g∞~°*òÖ’x g∞~å ™êÃÇÏÉò<Õ HÍHõ +≤sÖ¤ ’x
™ê~ÚÉÏÉÏ#∞ ‰õÄ_® `«# ã¨Ow`«O`À ¿ãqOK«∞‰õΩ<åfl_»∞. J`«_∞» +≤sÖ¤ ’ =ÙO_»QÍ<Õ,
ѨÓ}ËÖ’ J`«x =¸_»= ‰õÄ`«∞Ô~·# Hõ=∞ÖÏÉÏ~Ú P~ÀQƺO f„=OQÍ K≥_çáÈ~ÚOk.
Z\Ï¡QÆ∂ |`«Hõ^Œ∞ HÍh ѨÙ}º ѨÙ~°∞+¨µx ^Œ~°≈#O KÕã¨∞‰õΩO>Ë "≥∂Hõ∆O Åaèã¨∞ÎO^Œ#fl
Pâ◊`À L™êÎ^£‰õΩ Hõ|∞~°∞ KÕã≤<å~°∞. L™êÎ^£ ^Œ∞óYO`À ™ê~ÚÉÏÉωõΩ `«# ‰õÄ`«∞~°∞
Ѩiã≤÷u q=iOz<å_»∞. P"≥∞#∞ "≥O@<Õ ^•fi~°HÍ=∂~ÚH˜ fã¨∞‰õΩ ~å=Åã≤OkQÍ
ÉÏÉÏ P^ÕtOz<å_»∞. `å~åÉÏ~Ú `«# ‰õΩ@∞O|O`À +≤i_ô KÕ~°∞‰õΩ#flk. P"≥∞
HõxÑ≤OK«QÍ<Õ ÉÏÉÏ =∞O^ŒÇ¨ã¨O KÕã¨∂Î, ''ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ QÍÉèí~å Ѩ_»`å=Ù? h
‰õÄ`«∞~°∞ˆHg∞ HÍ^Œ∞—— Jx Pâßfiã≤Oz<å_»@. Ô~O_»∞ѨÓ@Å Tk WÜ«∞ºQÍ<Õ
Hõ=∞ÖÏÉÏ~Ú =ÚYO Hõà◊ =∂iOk. „Hõ=∞OQÍ HÀÅ∞‰õΩ#flk. JѨC_»∞ ÃÑ^ŒÌ^≥·#
Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú ‰õÄ_® ÉÏÉÏ#∞ ^Œi≈OK«∞‰õΩ#flk.
<åQ∑ѨÓ~üÖ’ =ÙO_Õ ÉÏÉÏ `å*ÁnÌ<£ J#∞„QÆǨÏO ‰õÄ_® L™êÎ^£ J|∞ÌÖò
HõsOMÏ<£ ™êÃÇÏÉò‰õΩ ÅaèOzOk.
L™êÎ^£ =∞„^•ã¨∞‰õΩ "≥o§ `«~°K«∞QÍ `«# ã¨Ow`«O qxÑ≤OKÕ"å_»∞. J`«_»∞
™ê^è•~°}OQÍ z`«∂Î~°∞ q. <åQÆÜ«∞ºQÍiO\’¡ |㨠KÕ¿ã"å_»∞. L™êÎ^£ ã¨Ow`«O
=∞„^•ã‘ʼnõΩ KåÖÏ „Ñ≤Ü«∞"≥∞ÿOk. MÏ<£™êÃÇÏÉò H˘xfl Hõ~å‚@Hõ Hõ$`«∞Å∞ ‰õÄ_® `«#
Ѩ^ŒúuÖ’ QÍ#O KÕ¿ã"å_»∞. `åºQÆ~å[™êfiq∞ "åi Hõ$u Y~°Ç¨Ï~°„Ñ≤Ü«∞ ~åQÆOÖ’
'~å=∞hã¨=∂#"≥∞=~°∞— J<Õ iHÍ~°∞¤ ZHõ¯_≥·<å ^˘~°∞‰õΩ`«∞Ok.
XHõ Ѩ~åºÜ«∞O =∞„^•ã¨∞Ö’ =ÙO_»QÍ<Õ L™êÎ^£ J|∞ÌÖò HõsOMÏ<£ ™êÃÇÏÉò‰õΩ
áêO_çKÕi #∞Oz J~°qO^ŒÜ≥∂y Ñ≤Å∞Ѩ٠JOkOk. J~°qO^Œ∞_≥O`«\ ˜ ã¨Ow`«
„Ñ≤Ü«Ú_À JO^ŒiH© `≥eã≤O^Õ. kbÑπ‰õΩ=∂~ü~åÜü∞ J~°qO^Œ∞x P™ê÷# QÍÜ«∞‰õΩ_»∞.
27 JHÀì|~ü 1937 <å_»∞ áêO_çKÕiH˜ „>Ë<£Ö’ |Ü«∞Å∞^Õi<å_»∞ MÏ<£ ™êÃÇÏÉò.
H˘xfl ¿ãì + ¨ # ∞¡ „Ѩ Ü « ∂ }O KÕ ã ≤ # `« ~ ° ∞ "å`« J`« x Ö’ Ǩ Ï $^Œ Ü « ∞ qHÍ~° O
„áê~°OÉèí=∞~ÚOk. „>Ë#∞ Py#KÀ@ `«O|∂~° Ѩ@∞ìH˘x ky áê¡\òá¶ê"£∞ ÃÑ·#
*Ï#=∂*ò Ѩ~°∞K«∞H˘x ‰õÄ~°∞Ûx H˘O`«¿ãѨ٠#=∂*ò Kտ㠄Ѩܫ∞`«flO KÕã≤ `«~åfi`«
Éèˇ·~°q~åQÆOÖ’ XHõ pè*ò "≥Ú^ŒÅ∞ÃÑ\˜ì<å_»∞. ã¨fi~å~ÀǨÏ}`Àáê@∞ J`«x
„áê}"åÜ«Ú=ÙÅ∞ ‰õÄ_® J#O`« qâ◊fiOÖ’ b#"≥∞ÿáÈ~Ú#q.

19
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù#∞ q∞Oz# t+¨µº~åÅ∞ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú
L™êÎ^£ J|∞ÌÖò HõsOMÏ<£ ™êÃÇÏÉò ã¨Ow`«O =∞# ^Õâ◊OÖ’x ã¨Ow`«
~°ã≤‰õΩʼnõΩ KåÖÏ Ñ¨ã¨O^Œ~ÚOk. MÏ<£ ™êÃÇÏÉò =∞~åsî <å@ºw`åÅ#∞, ÉèÏ=
w`åÅ#∞ ‰õÄ_® QÍ#O KÕ¿ã"å_»∞. =∞~åsî <å@HÍÖ’¡ ã¨∞Éèí„^Œ áê„`« ^èŒiOz#
"åà◊§O`å =∞^èŒ∞~° =∞OAÅ QÍ„`«O`À <å@ºw`üÅ∞ qxÑ≤Oz „Ѩ[ÅKÕ`« Láêkè
á⁄Ok#"åàı§. "åà◊§Ö’ =ÚQÆ∞æ~°∞ H˜~å}ÏѶ¨∞~å<å‰õΩ K≥Ok# "åà◊√§. ~åOÉèÏ=Ù
‰õΩO^Œ∞QÀà◊¯~ü (ã¨"≥· QÆO^èŒ~°fi) â◊OHõ~ü~å=Ù ã¨~åflÜ«∞H± (=∞Ǩ~å¢ëêì HÀH˜Å)
Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú |~À^ÕHõ~ü (QÍ#HÀH˜Å – QÍÜ«∞<£ Ç‘Ï~å).
q^Œ∞+≤ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú |~À^ÕHõ~ü
77 QÆ∞~°∞=Ù#∞ q∞Oz# t+¨µº~åÅ∞ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú
Ç‘ Ï ~åÉÏ~Ú J#fl 㨠∞ ˆ ~ âò É Ï|∞ =∂<Õ # ∞ ÉÏ|∂~å=Ù Jx ‰õ Ä _®
Ñ≤eKÕ"åà◊√§. J`«x QÍ„`«O =∞s =∞$^Œ∞=∞^èŒ∞~°"≥∞ÿ#k. J`«_»∞ YÜ«∂Å∞¡ HÍHõ
~î°∞„g∞Å∞ ‰õÄ_® KåÖÏ J^Œ∞ƒù`«OQÍ áê_Õ"å_»∞. Ǩ~À‡xÜ«∞O ‰õÄ_® KåÖÏ Q˘Ñ¨ÊQÍ
"å~ÚOKÕ "å_»∞. Ǩ~À‡xÜ«∞O "å~ÚOK«@OÖ’ J„QÆQÆ}∞º_≥·# ÉèíÜ«∂ºQÆ}Ѩ`ü~å=Ù
t+¨µº_»∞ QÀqO^Œ~å=Ù >ËOÉË ÉÏ|∂~å=Ù QÍÜ«∞<åxfl, Ǩ~À‡xÜ«∞O "å^Œ<åxfl
q#\ÏxH˜ `«~°K«∞QÍ J`«xO\˜H˜ =ã¨∞ÎO_Õ"å_»O>Ë ÉÏ|∂~å=٠Ǩ~À‡xÜ«∞O "å^Œ#
ZO`« =∞^èŒ∞~°"≥∞ÿ#^À TÇ≤ÏOK«=K«∞Û.
Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú |~À^ÕHõ~ü#∞ ‰õÄ_® P"≥∞ ã¨xflÇ≤Ï`«∞Öˇ·# "åà◊√§ K«OѨÓ`å~¸
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QÍ~ÚHÍ QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞ =ã¨∞Î_Õ "åà◊√§. P"≥∞ L™êÎ^£ J|∞ÌÖò HõsOMÏ<£ ™êÃÇÏÉò
‰õÄ`«∞ˆ~HÍx t+¨µº~åÅ∞ HÍ^Œ∞. P"≥∞ `˘Å∞`« ã¨∞ˆ~âòÉÏ|∞=∂<Õ ^ŒQÆæ~° <ÕiÛ, P
`«~°∞"å`« L™êÎ^£ J|∞ÌÖò =Ç‘Ï^£MÏ<£ ™êÃÇÏÉò =^ŒÌ <ÕiÛOk. J~Ú<å, P"≥∞ U
"ÕkHõ g∞^Œ áê_ç<å ã¨Ow`« ~°ã¨A˝Å∞ MÏ<£ |ǨÏ^Œ∂~ü L™êÎ^£ J|∞ÌÖò HõsOMÏ<£
™êÃÇÏÉòÖÏQÍ áê_çO^Œx „Ѩâ◊Oã≤OKÕ"åÅ∞§. ã¨fi~°N ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú ˆH~°¯~ü HÍ~°}OQÍ
"≥Ú^Œ\ ˜™êi HõÅHõ`åÎ =¸ºlH± HÍ#ÊùÔ~<£ûÖ’ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú áê_ç#ѨC_»∞ HõÅHõ`åÎ
#∞O_ç "≥Å∞=_Õ J=∞$`ü |*Ï~ü Ѩ„uHõ, ''Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú áê@ q#flO`«¿ãѨ٠L™êÎ^£
J|∞ÌÖò HõsOMÏ<£ ™êÃÇÏÉò#∞ qO@∞<åfl=∞#fl P ÉèÏ㨠HõeyOk.—— Jx ~åã≤Ok.
=∞„^•ã¨∞Ö’ [iy# P"≥∞ áê@HõKÕsÖ’ „â’`«QÍ áêÖÁæ#fl PK«O@ *Ï#H©~å"£∞
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=∞^èŒ∞~°QÍ~ÚHõ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú |~À^ÕHõ~ü#∞ QÆ∞iOz =ÚK«Û\˜OK«∞‰õΩO^•O.
ã¨∞„Ѩã≤^Œú =∞~åsî ~°K«~Ú`« ѨÙ.Å.^ÕâòáêO_Õ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú |~À_ÕHõ~ü QÆ∞iOz
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~åã≤<å_»∞. JO>Ë ã¨Ow`« „áêOQÆ}OÖ’ `«∞Åã≤ Jx J~°÷O. ^ÕâòáêO_Õ Uk ~åã≤<å
ã¨Ç¨Ï[ ã¨∞O^Œ~°OQÍ<Õ ~å™êÎ_»∞. J`«_»∞ J<ÕHõ ã¨O^Œ~åƒùÖ’¡ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú QÆ∞iOz
P^Œ~°ÉèÏ=O`À, Pf‡Ü«∞OQÍ ~åã≤<å_»∞. Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Úx `«∞Åã≤QÍ (Hõ$+¨‚`«∞Åã≤QÍ)
ã¨fi~°ÅÜ«∞Å∞ 78
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âߺ=∞Å"Õ∞ HÍHõ ã¨∞~°aèà◊O, P^Œ~°}©Ü«∞O ‰õÄ_®.
ã¨fi~°N ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú ˆH~°¯~ü ã¨fi~åÅ#∞, Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú É~À_ÕHõ~ü ã¨fi~åÅ#∞
„Ѩ ™ êÎ q 㨠∂ ΠѨ Ù .Å.^Õ â ò á êO_Õ XHõ =∂@<åfl_» ∞ . QÍeÖ’ =„*ÏÅǨ  ~åxfl
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ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Úq. QÆ~°ƒùQÆ∞_çÖ’ #∂<≥`À "≥eˆQ #O^•nѨѨ٠âßO`« j`«Å HÍO`«∞Å
=O\˜q Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú ã¨fi~åÅ∞.
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Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú =ºH˜Î`«fiO =Å# P "ÕkHõ x[OQÍ JÅOHõiOѨ|_ç#@¡xÑ≤OKÕk. P"≥∞
=ºH˜ Î ` « fi O =Å# P "Õ k Hõ x[OQÍ JÅOHõ i OѨ | _ç # @¡ x Ñ≤ O KÕ k . P"≥ ∞
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JÖÏ Zxfl QÆO@Å∞ ‰õÄ~°∞Û<åfl JOQÆ∞à◊=∞O`« ‰õÄ_® [iˆQk HÍ^• p~° H˘OQÆ∞.
qâßÅ"≥∞ÿ# á¶êÅÉèÏQÆO, qâßÅ<Õ„`åÅ∞, "≥∞_»Ö’ XO\˜¿Ñ@ =Ú`åºÅǨ~°O,
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âßb#`«#∞, ã¨O™ê¯~åxfl QÆ∞iOz D =∂@ÖË K≥áêÎ~°∞. W^ŒO`å WO`«QÍ
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=$uÎQÍ J=ÅOaOKÕ"åà◊√§HÍ~°∞.
#$`« º QÍ<åÅ#∞ =$uÎ Q Í J=ÅOaè O z# ¢ã‘ Î Å Ö’ H˘O^Œ ~ ° ∞ =∞s
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79 QÆ∞~°∞=Ù#∞ q∞Oz# t+¨µº~åÅ∞ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú
J<åºÜ«∞O. W@∞=O\˜ QÍÜ«∞# ã¨ÉèíÅ∞ =∞~åÌ<åÖ’ [iˆQq. [<å<å ^Œ∂~°OQÍ
=ÙO_Õk. [<å<åÖ’x H˘O^Œ~°∞ =Ü«∞ã¨∞ =∞o¡# =∞Ç≤Ïà◊Å∞ zŇ<£ Kå@∞#
‰õÄ~°∞ÛO_ç q<Õ"åà◊√§.
Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú =ÚO^Œ∞`«~åxH˜ K≥Ok# Q˘Ñ¨Ê Q˘Ñ¨Ê QÍ~ÚHõÅ∞ "≥Ú^Œ\’¡
Zxfl J==∂<åÅ∞ Z^Œ∞~˘¯<åfl~À, ZO^Œi qHÍ~°Ñ¨Ù K«∂ѨÙʼnõΩ, "≥H˜e KÕ+¨ìʼnõΩ
ÉèíÜ«∞Ѩ_»∞`«∂ "ÕkHõg∞^Œ `«=Ú‡`å#∞ ~°H˜∆OK«∞‰õΩ<Õ „Ѩܫ∞`«flOÖ’ Z\Ï¡ a`«∞‰õΩ
a`«∞‰õΩ =∞O@∂ QÆ_çÑ≤<å~À J^ŒO`å W^Œ∞=~°‰õΩ =ÚK«Û@¡Ö’ ~åã≤=Ù<åfl#∞. QÍ#
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=∞ǨÏhÜ«∞ QÍ~ÚHõňH D uѨÊÅ∞ `«Ñ¨ÊÖË^Œ∞.
U H˘O^Œ~À ^è~·≥ º° ™êǨϙêÅ∞ QÆÅ"åà◊√§ `«Ñʨ W`«~° =∞Ç≤Ïà◊Å∞, J=∂‡~ÚÅ∞,
<å@Hõ~°OQÍxH˜, #$`«º QÍ<åʼnõΩ ZO`«^Œ∂~°OQÍ =ÙO_Õ"åà’§ JO^ŒiH© `≥eã≤#
=ÚK«Û>Ë. =∞Ǩ~å¢+¨ìÖ’ <å@Hõ~°OQÆO =∞Ǩϟ[fiÅOQÍ "≥eyO^• ~ÀAÖ’¡. J~Ú`Õ
P ~°OQÆOÖ’ ¢ã‘ÎÅ∞ ÖË~°∞. ¢ã‘Î áê„`« ѨÙ~°∞+¨µ_Õ ^èŒiOKÕ"å_»∞. ˆHâ◊=~å=Ù É’O¿ã¡,
ÉÏÅQÆO^èŒ~°fi, n<å<å^è£ =∞OˆQ+¨¯~ü, â◊OHõ~ü~å=Ù ã¨~ü<åÜ«∞H±, ã¨"å~Ú QÆO^èŒ~°fi
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"≥Ú@ì"≥Ú^Œ@ <å~ÚHõ áê„`« ^èŒiOz# =∞Ç≤Ïà◊ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú.
Ç≤ÏO^Œ∂™êÎh âߢã‘ÎÜ«∞ ã¨Ow`åxfl ÉèÏ~°fÜ«ÚÖˇHõ¯_»∞<åfl qxÑ≤OKåÅ<Õ
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^ÕâòáêO_ÕÅ∞ "≥o§<å~å"≥∞"≥O@.
„Ѩã≤^Œú <å@HÍʼnõΩ =Öˇ<Õ `«# ã¨Ow`« ã¨ÉèíʼnõΩ \˜ÔH@∞ì ÃÑ\˜ì# "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜
HõàÏHÍi}˜ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú. `«# K≥Öˇ¡Å∞ ã¨~°ã¨fif ~å}Ë`À Hõeã≤ áê_»∞`«∂ âߢã‘ÎÜ«∞
ã¨Ow`«OÖ’ [QÆÖò|On „Ѩ^äŒ „áê~°OaèOz# "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ âߢã‘ÎÜ«∞ QÍ~ÚHõ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú.
ã¨fi~°ÅÜ«∞Å∞ 80
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#=~å„`«∞Å∞ ÃÑ^ŒÌZ`«∞Î# [~°∞ѨÙ`«∂ QÆ}Ëâ◊ =∞O_»à◊§Ö’ „Ѩu~å„u ѨÅ∞~°HÍÅ
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„â’`«Å‰õΩ âߢã‘ÎÜ«∞, LѨâߢã‘ÎÜ«∞ ã¨Ow`« ã¨ÉèíÅ∞ J`«ºO`« PHõ~°¬}©Ü«∂ÖË<åÜ≥∞.
J\Ï¡ PHõi¬`«∞Öˇ· =KÕÛ „â’„`«|$O^•xfl L^ÕÌtOz =∞^茺 =∞^茺 ~å[H©Ü«∞ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ
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=∂„`«O J=HÍâ◊O ÖË^Œ∞. ѨÓ}Ë QÆ}Ëâ◊=∞O_»à◊¡ x~åfiǨωõΩÅ`À Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú XHõ
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„Ѩܫ∞`«flO KÕã≤Ok Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú. J\Ï¡ ZO`À „Ѩܫ∞`«flO KÕã≤# `«~åfi`«
x~åfiǨωõΩÅ∞ J~Ú+¨Oì QÍ<Õ JOwHõiOz<å~°∞. "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ ~å„u Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú QÍÜ«∞#O
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QÆ}Ëâ’`«û"åÖ’¡ áê_ç# `«~åfi`« Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú Ñ¨Ó}Ë QÍÜ«∞# =∞O_»e x~åfiǨωõΩÅ#∞
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PǨfixã¨∂Î =ÙO_»O_ç—— Jx #K«ÛK≥Ñ≤ÊOk Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú.
[ÅO^èŒ~ü #QÆ~å# QÆŠǨÏi=Å¡Éèò "Õ∞àÏÖ’ „Ѩu ã¨O=`«û~°O _çÃãO|~ü
=∂™ê# <åÅ∞QÆ∞~ÀAÅ∞ „|Ǩ‡O_»OQÍ ã¨Ow`« ã¨ÉèíÅ∞ [iˆQq. JO^Œ∞Ö’ áê_Õ
"åà◊§O^Œ~°∂ ѨÙ~°∞+¨µÖË. ¢ã‘ÎÅ#∞ Ñ≤eKÕ ã¨O„Ѩ^•Ü«∞O ÖË^ŒHõ¯_». Jtfih‰õΩ=∂~ü J<Õ
áÈbã¨∞ L#fl`åkèHÍi P Ѩ^Œúux QÆ\ ˜ìQÍ q=∞i≈OKÕ"å_»∞. QÍ~ÚHõÅ#∞ ‰õÄ_®
PǨfixOKåÅx "åkOKÕ"å_»∞. 1946 Ö’ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú `«#‰õΩ ã¨Ow`« HõKÕs
KÕÜ«∞_®xH˜ J=HÍâ◊q∞Ü«∞º=Åã≤O^Œx ã¨OÜ≥∂[‰õΩÅ#∞ HÀiOk. P"≥∞ "å^•xfl
81 QÆ∞~°∞=Ù#∞ q∞Oz# t+¨µº~åÅ∞ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú
Jtfih‰õΩ=∂~ü "å^•xfl q#flÃÑ^ŒÌÅ∞ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~ÚH˜ XHõ~ÀA J=HÍâ◊q∞zÛ<å~°∞.
PÜÕ∞\˜ #∞Oz „ѨuÜÕ∞_»∞ QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÅ`Àáê@∞ QÍ~ÚHõÅ∞ QÆ∂_® ǨÏi=Å¡Éèò
ã¨Ow`«"Õ∞àÏÖ’ `«=∞ ã¨Ow`« q^Œº#∞ „Ѩ^Œi≈OKÕ"åà◊√§.
HõàÏ~°OQÆOÖ’ ѨÙ~°∞+¨µÅ`À áê@∞ ¢ã‘ÎʼnõΩ QÆ∂_® ã¨=∂# ™ê÷~Ú HõÅQÍÅx,
ã¨<å‡#O HõÅQÍÅx Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú ZHõ¯_≥Hõ¯_» Z\Ï¡ „Ѩܫ∞uflOzO^À Jk
`≥eÜ«∞*ËÜ«∞\ÏxˆH ÃÑ· Ô~O_»∞ =ÚK«Û@∞¡ K≥Ñ≤Ê<å#∞. `«~åfiu HÍÅOÖ’ „Ѩ=ÚY
Ç≤ÏO^Œ∂™êÎh QÍ~ÚHÍ QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞ `«=∞ âߢã‘ÎÜ«∞ LѨâߢã‘ÎÜ«∞ ã¨Ow`«O qxÑ≤OKÕ
ã¨ÉèíÖ’¡ „â’`«Å∞QÍ áêÖÁæO@∞#fl =∞Ç≤Ïà◊Å∞, xO_»∞ ã¨ÉèíÖ’¡ "ÕkHõ g∞^Œ Pã‘#∞Öˇ·
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Juâ◊Ü≥∂H˜Î HÍ^Œ∞.
W`«~° QÍ~ÚHõÅ HõO>Ë Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú [iÑ≤# áê@HõKÕsÅ ã¨OYº KåÖÏ
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HÀ~° ∞ ì " å~° ∞ H˘O`« QÆ _ » ∞ qÑ≤ Ê ¿ãÎ JѨ C Å"åà◊ § ÃÑ· ™ ê ÃÑ· ™ ê f~° ∞ ™êÎ — —#x
ã¨fi~°ÅÜ«∞Å∞ 82
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q^•fiOã¨∞~åÅ∞. J=ã¨~°=∞#∞‰õΩ<Õ "åà◊§‰õΩ QÍÜ«∞<åKå~°ºQÍ ã¨Ow`« áê~îåÅ∞
<Õ~°ÊQÆeˆQk. P _»|∞ƒ`À<Õ P ‰õΩ@∞O| Y~°∞ÛÅ∞ "≥àı§q. `«b¡, K≥Öˇ¡O_»∞¡, `«=Ú‡_»∞,
J#fl ‰õΩ@∞O|O, `«# ‰õΩ@∞O|O JO`«\ ˜H˜ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú XHõ¯`Õ P^è•~°=∞~ÚOk.
83 QÆ∞~°∞=Ù#∞ q∞Oz# t+¨µº~åÅ∞ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú
J^ŒO`å `«# ÉÏ^茺`«QÍ<Õ ÉèÏqOzOk QÍh ÉèÏ~°=∞#∞HÀÖË^Œ∞. `«# ÉÏ^茺`«
x~°fiÇ≤ÏOK«\ÏxH˜, KÕã≤# JѨCÅ∞ f~°Û\ÏxH˜, \˜ÔH@∞ìÃÑ\˜ì áê@HõKÕsÅ∞ KÕã¨∂Î
^Õâ◊=∞O`å uiyOk.
1921Ö’ JO>Ë, P"≥∞ Ѩ^ŒÇ¨ˆ~à◊§ =Ü«∞ã¨∞Ö’<Õ QÆO^èŒ~°fi =∞Ǩq^•ºÅÜ«∞
Ѩi+¨`ü <åÅ∞QÆ= "åi¬Hõ ã¨ÉèíÖ’ áê_»=Åã≤ =zÛOk. QÆO^èŒ~°fi =∞Ǩq^•ºÅÜ«∞
=º=™ê÷Ѩ‰õΩ_»∞ ѨO_ç`ü q+¨µ‚ kQÆO|~ü ѨÅ∂㨯~ü ã¨fiÜ«∞OQÍ PǨfixOz<å_»∞.
ã¨Ow`« „ѨѨOK«OÖ’ q+¨µ‚ kQÆO|~ü ѨÅ∂㨯~ü Q˘Ñ¨Ê =ºH˜Î. P ã¨ÉèíÖ’ ѨO_ç`ü
q<åÜ«∞Hõ~å=٠Ѩ@fi~°ú<£, `«~åfi`« Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú, P"≥∞ `«~åfi`« ѨO_ç`ü FOHÍ~ü<å^è£
~îå‰õÄ~ü áê_ç<å~°∞. QÍfieÜ«∂~ü Ѷ¨∞~å<å QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÖ’¡ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú áê_ç# H˜~å}Ï
Ѷ¨∞~å<å QÍÜ«∞#O ÉÏQÍ ~°H˜Î Hõ\ ˜ìOk. P =∂@ `å#∞ ~åã≤# QÆ∞~°∞K«i„`«,
''QÍÜ«∞<åKå~°º ѨO_ç`ü q+¨µk‚ QÆO|~ü ѨÅ∂㨯~ü—— J<Õ „QÆO^äOŒ Ö’ „á⁄ÃÑ㶠~¨ ü ^Õ=^è~Œ ü
„Ѩâ◊O™ê`«‡HõOQÍ LÖË¡dOz<å_»∞. P"≥∞ áê_ç# Ѩ\ònÑπ ~åQÆO qÅOa`«
ÅÜ«∞Ö’#∂, „^Œ∞`«ÅÜ«∞Ö’#∂ PHõ@∞ì‰õΩ#fl^Œx ^Õ=^èŒ~ü Hõ^äŒ#O.
ѨO_ç`ü ѨÅ∂㨯~ü t+¨µºÖˇ·# JO`« Q˘Ñ¨Ê QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÅ =∞^茺 áê_Õ J=HÍâ◊O
Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~ÚH˜ ^˘iH˜Ok. Jk P"≥∞ rq`«OÖ’ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ ã¨ÉèË. P ã¨ÉèíÖ’<Õ WOHÀ
=∞ǨÏ^Œ=HÍâ◊O ^˘iH˜Ok Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~ÚH˜. JO^Œ~°∂ áê_ç# `«~åfi`« ѨO_ç`ü q+¨µ‚
kQÆO|~ü ѨÅ∂㨯~ü ã¨Ow`« QÆ∞~°∞=٠ѨO_ç`ü ÉÏÅHõ$+¨‚|∞"å WK«Öò Hõ~°OrHõ~ü
QÍÜ«∞#O [iyOk. J`«_»∞ áê_»∞`«∂ LO>Ë `«O|∂~åÅ∞ Ѩ@∞ìH˘x XHõ"≥·Ñ¨Ù
ѨO_ç`ü ÉÏÅHõ$+¨‚ |∞"å H˘_»∞‰õΩ J}Ï‚|∞"å, WOH˘Hõ"≥·Ñ¨Ù ѨO_ç`ü q+¨µ‚ kQÆO|~ü
ѨÅ∂㨯~ü q#Ü«∞OQÍ ‰õÄ~°∞ÛO_ç QÍ„`« ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~°=∞OkOz<å~°∞. P `«~°O
QÍÜ«∞<åKå~°∞ºxfl q#QÆÅæ@O P"≥∞ =∞ǨÏ^•ƒùQƺ"Õ∞.
1923 #∞Oz H.M.V. "åà◊√§ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú áê_ç# áê@Å∞ iHÍ~ü¤ KÕÜ∞« @O
„áê~°OaèOz<å~°∞. ˆ~_çÜ≥∂Ö’ ‰õÄ_® P"≥∞ áê@Å∞ =ã¨∞ÎO_Õq. P"≥∞ áê_ç#
YÜ«∂ÖË¡HÍHõ ~î°∞„g∞Å∞, ^•„^•Å∞, QÆ[Å∞¡, Éèí[#Å∞, ÉèÏ=w`åÅ∞, <å@ºw`åÅ∞,
iHÍ~°∞¤ KÕÜ«∞|_®¤~Ú.
1925 = ã¨O=`«û~°O #∞Oz P"≥∞ áê@HõKÕsʼnõΩ |Ü«∞Å∞^ÕiOk.
ëÈÖÏѨÓ~ü P~°ºÉèí∂+¨}ü kèÜÕ∞@~À¡ P"≥∞ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∞O. \˜ÔH@¡ =º=Ǩ~°O P"≥∞
ã¨fi~°ÅÜ«∞Å∞ 84
`«=Ú‡_»∞ K«∂ã¨∞‰õΩ<åfl_»∞. Ǩ~À‡xÜ«∞O P"≥∞ J#fl ã¨∞ˆ~âòÉÏ|∞ =∂<Õ, `«ÉÏ¡
|Å=O`«~å=Ù ~°∂_ô¯Hõ~ü, ™ê~°Ow ÉÏ|∂~å=٠Ѩ~°fi`üHõ~ü.
JHõ¯_ç #∞Oz J<ÕHõ #QÆ~åÖ’¡ áê@ HõKÕsÅ∞ 1926Ö’ H˘ÖϛѨÓ~ü ^Õ=Öò
Hõ¡ÉòÖ’ P"≥∞ QÍ#ã¨Éèí. =$^Œ∞ú_≥·# ÉÏÉÏ^Õ=Öò, JO>Ë, ^Õ=ÖòHõ¡Éò =º=™ê÷Ѩ‰õΩ_»∞
XHõ™êi Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Úx q<åfl_»∞. P"≥∞ `«# Hõ¡|∞ƒÖ’ áê_»\ÏxH˜ =ã¨∞Î#fl^ŒO>Ë
ZO`« ã¨O|∞~°Ñ¨_çáÈ~Ú<å_À! QÆ^Œ∞Åhfl ã¨∞#flO "Õ~ÚOz â◊√„ÉèíO KÕ~ÚOz<å_»∞.
=KÕÛáÈÜÕ∞ "åà◊§`À, ''ˆ~Ѩ٠ǑÏ~åÉÏ~Ú |~À_ÕHõ~ü WHõ¯_» áê@HõKÕs KÕã¨∞ÎOk—— Jx
LÖÏ¡ã¨OQÍ K≥ѨÓÎ Hõ∆O fiHõÖˉõΩO_® QÆ_çÑ≤<å_»@! J`«_≥O`≥O`« Q˘Ñ¨Ê"åà◊§#∞
qx=Ù<åfl_À! Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú HõO>Ë =ÚO^Œ\ ˜ Ô~O_»∞`«~åÅ QÍ~ÚHÍ QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÅ#∞
qx =Ù<åfl_»∞. J~Ú<å Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú áê@ÅO>Ë ZO^Œ∞HõO`« ã¨O|∞~°O? P"≥∞
âßO`«j`«Å ã¨fi~åÅ∞, P"≥∞ ™êufiHõ ã¨fiÉèÏ=O J`«xfl ÉÏQÍ JÅiOz# JOâßÅ∞.
1928Ö’ =∞m§ ëÈÖÏѨÓ~ü "≥∞HÍxH© käÜÕ∞@~ü. P"≥∞ áê@HõKÕs
[~° ∞ QÆ ∞ `« ∞ #flѨ C _Õ WOHÀ kä Ü Õ ∞ @~À¡ QÆ O ^è Œ ~ ° fi <å@º=∞O_» e <å@HÍÅ∞
#_»∞ã¨∞Î<åfl~Ú. ÉÏÅ QÆO^èŒ~°fi Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú HõO>Ë =Ü«∞ã¨∞Ö’ KåÖÏ ÃÑ^ŒÌ. J`«_»∞
J„Ѩu=∞OQÍ áê_ç# <å@ºw`åÅ#∞ qx ã¨∞ˆ~âòÉÏ|∞, Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~ÚÅ∞ J#∞HõiOKÕ
™ê^èŒ# KÕã≤<å~°∞. Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú `«# HõKÕsÅÖ’ ''=^Œ*Ï=Ù‰õΩ<åÖÏ â◊~°}ÏÖÏ,——
''ã¨`«º=^Õ=K«<åÖÏ <å^ä•—— ÖÏO\˜ H˘xfl <å@ºw`åÅ∞ qxÑ≤Oz =<£û"≥∂~°∞¡
á⁄O^Õk. ÉÏÅ QÆO^èŒ~°fi QÍ„`«O J#∞Hõ~°}‰õΩ ™ê^茺Ѩ_Õk HÍ^Œ#fl JOâ◊O x["Õ∞.
Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú QÍ„`«O =∞$^Œ∞=∞^èŒ∞~° QÍ„`«O. JO^Œ∞Ö’ ¢ã‘Î QÍ„`«O. J^˘Hõ ~°Hõ"≥∞ÿ#
~å=∞}©Ü∞« HõO Hõey =ÙO_Õk. P ~å„u <å@HõO =ÚQÆ∞ã¨∞OÎ _»QÍ ^•Ñ¨Ù<Õfl Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú
áê_»∞`«∞#fl^Œ ã¨OQÆu `≥eã≤Ok ÉÏÅQÆO^è~Œ fi° ‰õΩ. <å@HõO =ÚyÜ«∞QÍ<Õ "Õ∞HõÑπ ã¨iQÍ
`«∞_»∞K«∞HÀHõ=ÚO^Õ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú áê@HõKÕs [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#fl käÜÕ∞@~ü‰õΩ Ѩ~°∞QÆ∞
Ѩ~°∞QÆ∞# "≥o§<å_»∞. JѨC_Õ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú `«# áê@HõKÕs =Úyã¨∂Î Éèˇ·~°g~åQÆO
PÅÑ≤ã¨∞Î#flk. ''`å~¸! PQÆ∞. JѨC_Õ Éèˇ·~°g JO^Œ∞HÀ‰õΩ—— JO@∂ ǨÅ∞Ö’
„Ѩ"ÕtOz<å_»∞ ÉÏÅQÆO^èŒ~°fi. ''`å~¸! h <À@ ã¨`«º=^Õ=K«<åÖÏ J<Õ áê@
q<åÅx =Ú^•ÌO =zÛ<å#∞. qxÑ≤OK«"å?—— Jx "Õ_∞» ‰õΩ<åfl_»∞. JO`«Q˘Ñ¨Ê Piìã∞¨ ì
JÖÏ =zÛ#O^Œ∞ˆH QÍÉèí~å Ѩ_çOk Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú. ''g∞~°∞ JO`« J^Œ∞ƒù`«OQÍ áê_ç#
P áê@#∞ g∞ =ÚO^Œ∞ <Õ#∞ áê_»QÆÅ<å?—— Jx ã¨OHÀK«O =ºHõÎO KÕã¨∂Î<Õ, J`«x
85 QÆ∞~°∞=Ù#∞ q∞Oz# t+¨µº~åÅ∞ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú
|Å=O`åxfl HÍ^Œ#ÖËHõ áê_çOk. P"≥∞ QÍ# =∂^èŒ∞~åºxH˜ =ÚQÆ∞ú_≥· `å<Õ =<£û"≥∂~ü
WzÛ, WOHÀ™êi áê_çOK«∞H˘x qx ã¨O`«$Ñ≤ÎQÍ ã¨O`À+¨OQÍ "≥o§áÈ~Ú<å_»∞
ÉÏÅQÆO^èŒ~°fi a~°∞^•OH˜`«∞_≥·#, QÆO^èŒ~°fi QÍÜ«∞‰õΩ_»∞ <å~åÜ«∞}~å=Ù ~å[ǨÏOãπ.
1937 = ã¨O=`«û~å# HõÅHõ`åÎ #QÆ~°OÖ’ [iy# PeO_çÜ«∂ =¸ºlH±
HÍ#Êù~Ô <£ûÖ’ áêÖÁæ#flO^Œ∞# Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú QÍÜ«∞#O ZO`«„âı+=ª¨ ∞~ÚO^À KåÖÏ=∞Ok
ã¨Ow`åaè=∂#∞Å∞ `≥eã≤HÀQÆey<å~°∞. ^Õâ◊=∞O`å =∞Oz „ѨKå~°O [iyOk.
HõÅHõ`åÎ #QÆ~°O P"≥∞#∞ =∞~°∞=ÖËHõ áÈ~ÚOk. q_»∞=ÖËHõáÈ~ÚOk. JѨC_®"≥∞
=Ü«∞ã¨∞û 32 ã¨O=`«û~åÅ∞. JѨÊ\˜ =~°‰õΩ HõÅHõ`åÎÖ’ U H˘O^ŒiHÀ `«Ñ¨Ê
Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú QÆ∞iOz JO`«QÍ `≥eÜ«∞^Œ∞. ã¨fi~°N ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú ˆH~°¯~ü JѨÊ\˜ˆH
^Õâ◊=∞O`«\Ï ¿Ñ~°∞QÍOz# J„QÆ„âı}˜ QÍ~ÚHõ. HõÅHõ`åÎ ã¨Ow`« ã¨ÉèíÖ’¡ P"≥∞ LxH˜
J`«ºO`åº=â◊ºHõO. 1937 = ã¨O=`«û~°O `«#‰õΩ PǨfi#O JOk# "≥O@<Õ Ñ¨Ó}ËÖ’
=ÙO_Õ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú |~À_ÕHõ~ü#∞ PǨfixOK«=Åã≤OkQÍ HÍ#ÊùÔ~<£û "åà◊§‰õΩ
ã¨∂zOzOk ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú. P"≥∞ ~åHõ =Å# HõÅHõ`åÎ HÍ#ÊùÔ~<£≈‰õΩ XHõ H˘`«Î JO^ŒO
ã¨=∞‰õÄ~°∞`«∞O^Œx Pâßfiã≤OzOk. HÍ#ÊùÔ~<£û x~°fiǨÏ} ÉÏ^茺`«Å∞ =Ç≤ÏOz#
Éèí∂¿ÑO„^ŒÉÏ|∞ ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú =∂@Hõ^Œ#ÖË_»∞. P"≥∞ Ѩ@¡ J`«xHõO`«\ ˜ „â◊^Œú.
J~Ú`Õ, JO`«\ ˜ =∞Ǩã¨ÉèíÖ’, JO^Œ~°∞ J„QÆ„âı}˜ HõàÏHÍ~°∞Å =∞^茺 P"≥∞
ɡkiáÈ~Ú ã¨iQÍ áê_»ÖËHõáÈ`Õ ~°™êÉèÏ㨠HÍ^•? P"≥∞ QÍÜ«∞#â◊H˜Îx ѨsH˜∆Oz
PǨfi#O ѨOѨ@"Õ∞ L`«Î=∞O. ã¨Ow`« ѨsHõ∆‰õΩÖˇ·# Y<åflÉÏ|∞#∞, ÉÏ~Ú
[^ŒÌ<£ÉÏ~Úx ѨÓ}Ë #QÆ~åxH˜ ѨOÑ≤<å_»∞ Éèí∂¿ÑO„^ŒÉÏ|∞. [^ŒÌ<£ÉÏ~Ú „ѨMϺ`«
ã≤h#\˜ #iæãπ `«e¡. `«# HÍÅOÖ’ JkfifÜ«∞ ~î°∞„g∞QÍ~ÚHõ. P W^ŒÌ~°∞ ѨsHõ∆‰õΩÅ∞
ѨÓ}ËÖ’ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú WO\˜H˜ "≥o§, P"≥∞KÕ`« áê_çOz, qx `«$ѨÙÎÖˇ·, JHõ¯_Õ P"≥∞‰õΩ
PǨfi#Ѩ„`«O JO^Œ*Ëã≤ "≥o§áÈ~Ú<å~°∞.
Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Úx Z\Ï¡QÆ∂ PǨfix™êÎ~°#fl Éèí~À™ê`À ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú Ñ¨Ù}ËÖ’
Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú WO\˜H˜ KÕ~°∞‰õΩ#flk. ѨÙ}Ë #∞Oz „>Ë<£Ö’ ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú, Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú,
P"≥∞ `«e¡ `å~åÉÏ~Ú, J#fl ã¨∞~ˆ âòÉÏ|∞ =∂<≥, =ÚQÆ∞~æ ∞° ™êlO^•Å∞, +¨=Ú¬n<Ì M£ Ï<£
(`«ÉÏ¡), ÉÏ|∂~å=Ù ‰õΩ"Õ∞ªHõ~ü (™ê~°Ow), ~å*ÏÉèí∂=ÓHÀ¿ã¯ (Ǩ~À‡xÜ«∞O) JO`å
Hõeã≤ HõÅHõ`åΉΩõ |Ü«∞Å∞^Õi<å~°∞. D =ÚQÆ∞~æ ∞° ™êlO^•Å∞ n~°H… ÍÅO Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú
"≥O@ =Ù<åfl~°∞.
ã¨fi~°ÅÜ«∞Å∞ 86 87 QÆ∞~°∞=Ù#∞ q∞Oz# t+¨µº~åÅ∞ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú

ѨÙ}Ë #∞Oz =KÕÛ qt+¨ì Ju^ä∞Œ Å#∞ ã¨<å‡xOK«\ÏxH˜ HõÅHõ`åÎ ~Ô Ö· fiË ¿ã+ì <¨ Ö£ ’ L^ŒÌO_»∞ÖË. ã¨fi~°N ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú ˆH~°¯~ü, ã≤^Õúâ◊fis^Õq, ~°ã¨∂Å<£ÉÏ~Ú, ÉËQÆO JYÎ~ü,
Éèí∂¿ÑO„^ŒÉÏ|∞ ѨOÑ≤# HÍ~°ºHõ~°ÎÅ∞ XHõ Ǩ~°O ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~ÚH˜ "Õã≤ WOHÀǨ~°O ѨO_ç`ü _ç.q. ѨÅ∂㨯~ü, ѨO_ç`ü q<åÜ«∞H± ~å=٠Ѩ@fi~°<ú ,£ ѨO_ç`ü <å~åÜ«∞}~å=Ù
Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú J#∞H˘x `å~åÉÏ~ÚH˜ "Õã≤<å~°@. P W^ŒÌi"≥O@ âߺ=∞Å =~°‚OÖ’ "åºãπ, ѨO_ç`ü FOHÍ~ü<å^è£ ~îå‰õÄ~ü, L™êÎ^£ x™êû~ü Ǩï¿ã<£MÏ<£, ѨO_ç`ü HõOˆ~î
|Hõ¯Ñ¨Å∞K«QÍ =Ù#fl 32 ã¨O=`«û~åÅ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú HÍ~°ºHõ~°ÎÅ K«∂ѨÙʼnõΩ P#ÖË^Œ∞. =∞Ǩ~å*ò, ѨO_ç`ü ™ê=∂Î „Ѩ™ê^£, (QÀ=~Ú|∞"å) â◊OÉèí∂=∞Ǩ~å*ò, JK«Û<£
ã¨Ow`« ã¨ÉèíÖ’ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Úx K«∂z# "åà◊√§, q#fl"åà◊√§ |ǨïH˘kÌ=∞Ok. =∞Ǩ~å*ò, L™êÎ^£ W<åÜ«∞`üMÏ<£ (L™êÎ^£ qÖÏÜ«∞`üMÏ<£ `«O„_ç), L™êÎ^£
Hõ_»=∞ "åà‹§=iH© P"≥∞ QÆ∞iOz `≥eÜ«∞^Œ∞. P"≥∞ L^ŒÌO_»∞Å =∞^茺 JuÃÑ^ŒÌ ã¨ÉèíÖ’ ǨѶ≤[bMÏ<£ (L™êÎ^£ J=∞˚^ŒbMÏ<£ `«O„_ç), L™êÎ^£ JÖÏ¡=ÙnÌ<£ MÏ<£, L™êÎ^£
áê_»É’`«∞#fl^Œx `≥Å∞ã¨∞‰õΩ#fl "åà◊√§ x"≥fi~°áÈ~Ú<å~°@. ÉÏ^茺`«QÆÅ H˘O^Œ~°∞ aèã≤‡ÖÏ¡MÏ<£, ѨO_ç`ü q.r. *’Q∑, "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·# "åà◊√§ P ã¨ÉèíÖ’¡ áêÖÁæ#fl"åà◊√§. P
ÃÑ^ŒÌÅ∞ ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú K«∞@∂ì KÕi, ''ÉÏ~¸! WO`«\ ˜ ã¨ÉèíÖ’ ɡkiáȉõΩO_® P"≥∞ ã¨ÉèíÖ’¡ áêÖÁæ#fl QÍ~ÚHõÅ∞, QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞, "å^Œ‰õΩÅ∞, #~°Î‰õΩÅ∞#∂fl, P ã¨ÉèíÅ
áê_»QÆÅ^•? áê_ç<å ZO`«¿ãѨ٠áê_»QÆÅ^Œ∞? P"≥∞ HõO~î°O ã¨ÉèíÖ’ JO^ŒiH˜ HÍ~°}OQÍ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~ÚH˜ HõÅHõ`åÎ #QÆ~O° Ö’ âßâ◊fi`« Q“~°=™ê÷#O ÅaèOz#@¡~ÚOk.
qxÑ≤ã¨∞ÎO^•? ~°™êÉèÏ㨠HÍ^Œ∞Hõ^•?—— Jx ã¨O^ÕǨÏO =ºHõÎO KÕã≤<å~°∞. ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú
=∞O^ŒÇ¨ ã¨O KÕã∂¨ ,Î ''q#É’`«∞<åfl~°∞ QÆ^•! `˘O^Œ~Ô O^Œ∞‰õΩ?—— J#flk. HÍh WOˆHg∞
=∂\Ï¡_»\ÏxH˜ W+¨ìѨ_»ÖË^Œ∞. Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú `«# KÀ@ `å#∞ xi¡Ñ¨ÎOQÍ ‰õÄ~°∞Û#flk.
`«# ¿Ñ~°∞ Ñ≤Å∞=QÍ<Õ "≥o§ "ÕkHõg∞^Œ Pã‘#∞~åÖˇ· '~åQ∑ â◊OHõ~å—`À `«# QÍÜ«∞<åxfl
„áê~°OaèOzOk. `«# =∞^èŒ∞~° =∞OAÅ QÍ„`«O`À qÅOa`ü ÅÜ«∞Ö’ PÖÏÑπ
„áê~°OaèOK«QÍ<Õ JO`«\ ˜ „ѨK«O_»"≥∞ÿ# ã¨ÉèíÖ’ „ѨâßO`«`« <≥ÅH˘#flk. „â’`«Å∞
Ѩ~=° ∂ã¨H`Θ À q#™êy<å~°∞. â◊OHõ~å YÜ«∂Öò =ÚyÜ«∞QÍ<Õ P"≥∞#∞ JO`«‰Ωõ =ÚO^Œ∞
q#fl"åÅ∞§ ''Ǩϟs, Ǩϟs—— Jx QÆ\ Qì˜ Í Ñ¶~¨ å‡~Ú+π "≥Ú^ŒÅ∞ÃÑ\˜<ì å~°∞. Ǩϟs HÍQÍ<Õ,
''~å^èÕ Hõ$+¨‚ É’Öò =∞<£"å!—— J<Õ Éèí[# HÀã¨O Ѷ¨~å‡~Ú+π "≥Ú^ŒÅ~ÚOk. P"≥∞
áê@HõKÕs ™êQÆ∞`«∞#flO`«¿ãѨ٠ã¨ÉèíÖ’ JѨÓ~°fi"≥∞ÿ# LÖÏ¡ã¨O "≥e¡qiã≤Ok.
~Ô O_»= Ãã+¨<Ö£ ’ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú `«# QÍÜ«∞<åxfl â◊√^Œ™ú ê~°OQ∑`À "≥Ú^ŒÅ∞ÃÑ\˜,ì
„â’`«Å Ѷ~¨ å‡~Ú+≤`À Ǩϟsáê_ç (ǨϟsMËÖ’ "≥∂¿ã #O^ŒÖÏÖò), Éè[í #`À =ÚyOzOk.
"≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ Ãã+¨<£=Öˇ<Õ Ô~O_»= Ãã+¨<£Ö’#∂ P"≥∞ áê@HõKÕs JѨÓ~°fi "≥·Éèí=OQÍ
™êyOk.
ã¨∞qMϺ`«∞_≥·# ã¨Ow`« qâı¡+¨‰õΩ_»∞ ™È=∞<å^ä£ q∞„`å J=∞$`ü|*Ï~ü Ѩ„uHõ
(WOw¡+¨µ)Ö’ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú QÍ„`åxfl, QÍÜ«∞#â‹·ex ÉÏQÍ „Ѩâ◊Oã≤ã¨∂Î ~åã≤<å_»∞. P
ã¨ÉèíÖ’<Õ P"≥∞ J#fl ã¨∞ˆ~âòÉÏ|∞ =∂<Õ `«# =∞$^Œ∞ =∞^èŒ∞~° ã¨Ow`åxfl qxÑ≤Oz
ÃÑ^ŒÌÅ "≥∞ѨC á⁄Ok<å_»∞. P ã¨ÉèíÖ’ áêÖÁæ#\ÏxH˜ "ÕOKÕã≤# HõàÏHÍ~°∞ÅO^Œ~°∂
 89 HõÅHõ`åÎÖ’ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú QÍÜ«∞#O

20 x~°ã¨# `≥eÑ≤<å~°∞. L™êÎ^£ ǨѶ≤[bMÏ<£ ~À+¨<å~å#∞ Ѷ¨∂@∞QÍ q=∞i≈Oz<å_»∞.

Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú ã¨O`åѨO K≥OkOk HÍh 'Ѩ~"° åÖË^∞Œ — J#∞‰õΩO@∂ "ÕkHõg∞^Œ ‰õÄ~°∞ÛO_ç
HõÅHõ`åÎÖ’ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú QÍÜ«∞#O =∂~°∂aǨQ∑ ~åQÆO "≥Ú^ŒÅ∞ÃÑ\˜ìOk. P"≥∞ =∞^èŒ∞~° =∞OAÅ ã¨fi~åÅ∞ P ǨÅ∞Ö’
"åºÑ≤OK«QÍ<Õ J^Œ∞=~°‰Ωõ ǨÅ∞Ö’ xO_ç =Ù#fl |Å"≥∞#ÿ Éè̌~· g° ã¨fi~åÅ∞ "≥∞Å¡"∞≥ Å¡QÍ
ѨÖÏÜ«∞#O z`«yÎ Oz<å~Ú. Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú ã¨fi~åÅ#∞ áê~°=â◊ºO`À qO@∞#fl „â’`«Å∞
JO`«‰õΩ =ÚO^ŒHõ¯_» Éèˇ·~°g~åQÆO áê_»|_çO^Œ#fl ã¨OQÆ`Õ =∞izáÈ~Ú<å_»∞.
HõÅHõ`åÎÖ’ <åǨÏ~üÉÏ|∞ HÍ#ÊùÔ~<£ûÖ’ áêÖÁæ#flk Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú. P =∞^茺<Õ P"≥∞ Éè[í # áê_»∞`«∂ =ÙO_»QÍ P HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂xH˜ HÍ~°º^Œi≈QÍ =º=ǨÏiOz#
JÅǨÉÏ^£ ã¨Ow`« ã¨ÉÖíè ’¡#∂ áê_ç JHõ¯_ç „â’`«Å#∞ P#O^•aúÖ’ FÅÖÏ_çOzOk. =∞^èŒ∞~° QÍÜ«∞‰õΩ_»∞ ˆH.ZÖò. Ãã·QÆÖò "ÕkHõg∞kH˜ =zÛ, ''J=∞$`«O Ö’ ѨÙ_»HõÖÏ
HõÅHõ`åÎ HÍ#Êù~Ô <£ûÖ’ [iy#@∞=O\˜ Q“~°"å^Œ~åÖË [iy<å~Ú JÅǨÉÏ^£Ö’#∂. WO`«\ ˜ =∞^èŒ∞~° ã¨Ow`åxH˜ Hõ∆}HÍÅO J_»∞¤`«QÆ∞Å∞`«∞#flO^Œ∞‰õΩ Hõ∆q∞OK«O_ç.
<åǨÏ~üÉÏ|∞ ã¨ÉèíÖ’ „áÈ„QÍO `«Ü«∂~°∞KÕã≤# ÃÑ^ŒÌÅ∞ ~À+¨<å~åÉËQÆO `«~åfi`« Ѩ<≥flO_»∞QÆ∞~°∞ ÃÑ^ŒÌÅ∞ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~ÚH˜ |OQÍ~°∞ Ѩ`«HÍÅ∞ WÜ«∞º#∞#fl@∞¡
Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú ¿Ñ~°∞ ~åã≤<å~°∞. JO>Ë ~Àëê<å~å ÉËQOÆ áê_çÖzË # `«~åfi`« Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú „ѨHõ\ ˜Oz<å~°∞—— Jx P Ѩ<≥flO_»∞ ¿Ñ~°∞¡ qxÑ≤Oz ѨHõ¯‰õΩ `«Ñ¨C‰õΩ<åfl_»∞.
P Pã¨#O g∞^Œ ‰õÄ~°∞ÛO_ç áê_»∞`«∞O^Œ#fl=∂@! ™ê^è•~°}OQÍ J\Ï¡ [~°∞QÆ^Œ∞.
z=iH˜ áê_Õ"åà◊√§ JO`«=~°‰õΩ áê_ç# "åà◊§O^Œi HõO>Ë ã‘xÜ«∞~°¡~Ú =ÙO_®Öˇ. HõÅHõ`åÎ HÍ#ÊùÔ~<£ûÖ’#∂ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~ÚH˜ H˘xfl |OQÍ~°∞ Ѩ`«HÍÅ∞
JO^Œ i Hõ O >Ë Q˘Ñ¨ Ê QÍ áê_» Q Æ e y# "å~° ~ Ú =ÙO_®Öˇ . ~À+¨ < å~å ÉË Q Æ O ÅaèOz<å~Ú.
Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~ÚHõO>Ë =Ü«∞ã¨∞ûÖ’#∂, QÍÜ«∞# Hõà◊Ö’#∂, xã¨ûOâ◊Ü«∞OQÍ ÃÑ^ŒÌ.
~À+¨<å~åÉËQÆO `«e¡H˜ P eã¨∞ì #K«ÛÖË^Œ∞. ''WO`«\ ˜ ¿Ñ~°∞ „ѨMϺ`«∞Å∞ QÆÅ <å
‰õÄ`«∞~°∞ `«~åfi`« ''HõÖòH© KèÀ„H©—— (x#fl\˜ Ñ≤Å¡) áê_»∞`«∞O^•? ZO`«\ ˜ J„Ѩu+¨ª!
ã¨Éèí ~°™êÉèÏ㨠HÍ^•? K≥_çáÈ^•?—— Jx HÍ~°ºHõ~°ÎÅ`À "å^•xH˜ kyOk. ''J=∂‡!
g∞ ‰õÄ`«∞~°∞#∞ KåÖÏ<åà◊√§QÍ qO@∞<åfl=Ú. Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú áê@Å∞ W\©=ÖË q<åfl=Ú.
^ŒÜ«∞KÕã≤ „ѨâßO`«OQÍ =ÙO_»O_ç—— Jx âßOuOѨ*Ëã≤<å~°∞.
q^Œ∞+≤ ~À+¨<å~å ÉËQÆO P ã¨ÉèíÖ’ ã¨~°fiâ◊‰õΩÎÅ∞ ‰õÄ_»QÆ\ ˜ì K«Hõ¯QÍ áê_çOk.
H˜~å}Ï Ñ¶¨∞~å<å "åà◊√§ ™ê^è•~°}OQÍ áê_Õ ''=∞`ü[Ü≥∂º~å^èÕ [=Ú<åˆH f~ü—— J<Õ
Éè̌~· g° ~î∞° „g∞x áê_ç ÖËzOk. `«e"¡ O≥ @, ™êlO^•Å "≥O@ ã¨ÉÖíè ’Oz ÖËzáÈ~ÚOk
‰õÄ_®.
`«# `«~åfi`« XHõ QÍ~ÚHõ, `«# Ѷ¨∞~å<åˆH K≥Ok# ExÜ«∞~ü QÍ~ÚHõ,
áê_»#∞O_»QÍ `å#∞ Éèˇ·~°g áê_ç"ÕÜ«∞@O ~À+¨<å~å KÕÜ«∞=Åã≤# ѨxHÍ^Œ∞. `≥eã≤
`≥eã≤ `«# Ѷ¨∞~å<å ™È^Œi QÍÜ«∞# Hõà◊‰õΩ Ǩx HõeyOKÕq^èŒOQÍ „Ѩ=iÎOzO^•"≥∞.
ã¨ÉÖíè ’x qA˝Ö#·ˇ „â’`«Å∞, =∞ǨÏhÜ«ÚÅ~Ú# QÍ~ÚHÍ QÍÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞ =ÚHõÎ HõO~îO° `À
 91 ZÖˇ¡_»ÖÏ "åºÑ≤Oz# =∞^èŒ∞~°QÍ#O

21 `å#∂, `«# K≥ÖO¡ˇ „_»∞, `«# t+¨µº~åO„_»∂, =KÕÛáÈÜÕ∞ ã¨∞„Ѩã^≤ úŒ J„Ѩã^≤ úŒ HõàÏHÍ~°∞Å∞,
Jhfl ã¨∞ã¨fi~åÖË. JO^Œ∞ˆH P"≥∞ ~ÚO\˜¿Ñ~°∞ 'ã¨fi~°qÖÏãπ— ™ê~°úHõ=∞~ÚOk.
ZÖˇ¡_»ÖÏ "åºÑ≤Oz# =∞^èŒ∞~°QÍ#O ã¨fi~°N ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~ÚH˜, Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~ÚH˜ ã¨fiÉèÏ"åÖ’¡ KåÖÏ =º`åºã¨O. ã¨fi~°NH˜
JǨÏOHÍ~°O, Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~ÚH˜ q#Ü«∞O. ã¨fi~°N Z=~À XHõi^ŒÌix `«Ñ¨Ê Z=ih
"≥∞KÕÛk HÍ^Œ∞. Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú JO^Œih "≥∞KÕÛk. Z=ih H˜OK«Ñi¨ KÕk HÍ^Œ∞. Ѩ~ã° ∞¨ `Î Õ
Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú HõÅHõ`åΉõΩ `«~°K«∞QÍ "≥à◊√÷O_Õk. U ã¨ÉèíÖ’<≥·<å P"≥∞ áê@ HÍx Ѩ~x° O^Œ‰Ωõ áêÅÊ_»Ö^Ë #≥ fl_»∂ Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú. ^•xH˜ HÍ~°}O ÖËHáõ ÈÖË^∞Œ . ã¨fi~°N
áê_»\ÏxH˜ "≥o§<å, „â’`«QÍ q#\ÏxH˜ "≥o§<å ã¨ÉèíÖ’ =Ù#fl z#fl"åà◊¥§, ÃÑ^ŒÌÅ∂ KåÖÏ J==∂<åÅ∞ á⁄OkOk. Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~ÚH˜ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜#∞O\˜ Q“~°"å^Œ~åÖË
P"≥∞ Q“~°"å~°úO ÖËz xÅ∞ÛO_Õ"åà◊§@. XHõ™êi =~°÷=∂#∞~åÅ~Ú# XHõ QÍ~ÚHõ ÅaèOz<å~Ú. ã¨fi~°NH˜ XHõ¯`Õ t+¨µº~åÅ∞. Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú ^ŒQÆæ~° <ÕiÛ# t+¨µº~åO„_Õ
"ÕkHõg∞^Œ U^À áê_»∞`«∂ =ÙO>Ë ^•Ñ¨Ù# ‰õÄ~°∞ÛO_ç Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú =∞#ã¨∞ qÑ≤Ê ã¨∞=∂~°∞ Ü«∂Éèˇ·=∞Ok. P"≥∞ â‹·ex J#∞Hõiã¨∂Î UHõÅ=º t+¨µºÖˇ·# "åà‹¡O^Œ~À!
#∞_»∞QÆ∞ #∞_»∞QÆ∞#, ''"åǨfi! HͺÉÏ`üÃÇ·Ï—— Jx „Ѩâ◊Oã≤ã¨∞ÎO_»QÍ P ǨÅ∞Ö’ Wxfl =º`庙êÅ∞<åfl P W^ŒiÌ Ö’ ¿ãflǨ#∞~åQÍÅ∞ HõÅHÍÅO xez<å~Ú. Pâ◊Û~°ºO!
ѨÙ.Å.^ÕâòáêO_Õ Ñ¨Hõ¯# ‰õÄ~°∞Û#fl XHõ =$^Œú QÍÜ«∞‰õΩ_»∞, ''"Õ∞=Ú ã¨Ow`«O áê_ç# JO^Œ∞‰õΩ HÍ~°}O Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú ™œ[#ºO =∂„`«"Õ∞ JO>Ë ã¨iáÈ^Œ∞. ˆHã¨~üÉÏ~Ú
`˘e~ÀAÖ’¡ WO`«\ ˜ Piìã¨∞ì =∞=∞‡eflÖÏ „áÈ`«ûÇ≤ÏOz=ÙO>Ë U ™ê÷~ÚH˜ KÕˆ~ QÆ∞}„QÆǨÏ} áês}`«fiO ‰õÄ_® HÍ~°}"Õ∞.
"åà◊§"≥∂!—— J<åfl_»@. P"≥∞ ExÜ«∞~°¡<≥=i<≥·<å JO`«\ ˜ PáêºÜ«∞`«`À<Õ
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H˘<åflà◊√§QÍ ™êQÆ∞`«∞#flk. JO^Œ∞Ö’ JukäQÍ áêÖÁæ#fl ã¨O[Üü∞ JÉèíºOHõ~ü `å#∞
z#fl<å_»∞ áê_»∞`«∞O_»QÍ ZO^ŒÔ~O^Œ~°∞ ÃÑ^ŒÌÅ∞ "≥∞K«∞Û‰õΩ<åfl~À, =¸_»∞ ã¨ÉèíÖ’¡
J`«x ã¨Ow`«O q#fl Ѩ^Œ‡Éèí∂+¨}ü Ç‘Ï~åÉÏ~Ú |~À_ÕHõ~ü ZO`« L^•~°OQÍ `«##∞
„Ѩâ◊Oã≤OzO^À K≥ѨC‰õΩ<åfl_»∞. ''D JÉσ~ÚH˜ =∞Oz QÆ∞~°∞=Ù ^˘iH˜`Õ Q˘Ñ¨Ê
QÍÜ«∞‰õΩ_Ò`å_»∞. W`«_»∞ QÍÜ«∞<åxˆH [x‡Oz<å_»∞—— J#fl^Œ@ P"≥∞. P JÉσ~Ú
ѨO_ç`ü [ãπ~å*ò#∞ QÆ∞~°∞=ÙQÍ á⁄Ok <Õ_»∞ Q˘Ñ¨Ê QÍÜ«∞‰õΩ_≥·<å_»∞.
ã¨Ow`« „ѨѨOK«OÖ’ ã¨=Ú#fl`« ™ê÷<åxfl á⁄Ok<å ^≥·#Ok# rq`«OÖ’
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ã¨fi~°ÅÜ«∞Å∞ 104 105 HõàÏ ™êÇ≤Ï`åºÅ xÅÜ«∞O QÍfieÜ«∞~ü

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Jv¡ "≥∞ W+π¯ P¿Ñ¯ *ˈ~ – Y^Œ"£∞ ÃÇ·Ï MÏãπ.
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J\Ï¡ JxÑ≤OzO^À, `≥eÜ«∞^Œ∞, HÍh, ÉèÏ~åºÑ≤šŠѨ@¡ XHõ¯™êiQÍ „¿Ñ=∞ LaH˜,
`«# ÉÏ^躌 `«Å∞ QÆ∞iÎOz, =ÚOɡ· #∞Oz ÉèÏ~åºÑ≤ÅÅ¡ #∞ `«# ^ŒQiæÆ H˜ ~°ÑÊ≤ OK«∞‰õΩ<åfl_»∞.
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''~°ã≤Ü«∂ "≥∂¿ÇÏ |∞ÖÏÜÕ∞
<≥·<å h~ü |ǨÜÕ∞——
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P QÍ~ÚHõ‰õΩ.
169 Ç≤ÏO^Œ∞™êÎh ã¨Ow`«OÖ’ Hõ$+¨‚„¿Ñ=∞
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QÍ„`«O`À,
''Ü«∂^£ Ñ≤Ü«∂H© PÜÕ∞
U ^Œ∞óMò ã¨Ç¨# *ÏÜÕ∞——
Jx q~°Ç¨Ï "Õ^Œ# =ºHõÎO KÕã¨∞Î<åfl_»∞. („Ñ≤Ü«∞`«=Ú_»∞ Ü«∂kH˜ =ã¨∞Î<åfl_»∞.
D ^Œ∞óY=Ú ã¨Ç≤ÏOK«~åxk). J`«x HõO~î°"≥∞O`« =∞^èŒ∞~° "≥∞ÿ#^ŒO>Ë, JO`«\ ˜ ÉèÏs
HÍÜ«∞O, ÉÁ^Œ∞Ì g∞™êÅ∞, ÃÑ^ŒÑÌ Ù¨ e `«Å QÆÅ L™êÎ^‰£ Ωõ |^Œ∞Å∞ Ѩ^∞Œ <åˆ~à◊¡ „áêÜ«∞OQÆÅ
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`ÀÔ~ âߺ"£∞,—— J<Õ ^Õâò ~åQÆO |Ok+π HÍh, ''`Ài uipè #[iÜ«∂ÔH ÉÏ}ü -
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#[iÜ«∂ #O^Œ‰Ωõ =∂~ü—— J<Õ Éè~·ˇ g° ~åQÆO |Ok+π HÍx L™êÎ^£ |_Õ QÆ∞ÖÏ=∞bMÏ<£
`«# â‹·eÖ’ áê_»∞`«∂ =ÙO>Ë „â’`«Å∞ `«Å¡_çe¡áÈ`å~°∞.
K«#∞=Ù QÆÅ QÀÑ≤HõÅ∞ ^èŒ∂~°Î QÀáêÅ∞xfl Ǩϟm P_»_®xH˜ PǨfix™êÎ~°∞.
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#O^ŒÖÏÅ q~°Ç¨xfl ã¨q∞OK«ÖËx QÀÑ≤HõÅ P~å@O JO^Œin XHõÖÏO\˜^Õ.
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ÉÏ^èŒÑ¨_»∞`«∞#flk.
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''HõÖò <åÇ≤Ï PÜ≥∞ "≥∂Ô~ âߺ"£∞—— JO@∂ PiÎ á⁄O^Œ∞`«∞<åfl~°∞.
=∂~°∂aǨQ∑ ~åQÆOÖ’ q^Œ∞+≤ ÅH©∆ ‡ â◊OHõ~ü
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„|[Éèí∂q∞H˜ "≥o¡ "åxfl K«∂_®Å#flk JO^Œi P~å@O. Z<åflm¡ q~°Ç¨Ï
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ã¨fi~°ÅÜ«∞Å∞ 170

L™êÎ^£ J|∞ÌÖò HõsOMÏ<£ |ã¨O`ü ~åQÆOÖ’ ''ѨQÆ"å „a*ò ^ÕY#HÀ K≥Ås——

JO@∂ `«# áê^•ÅˆH Ѩx K≥ѨÙÎ<åfl_»∞. J`«x |O^èŒ∞=Ù L™êÎ^£ J|∞ÌÖò =Ç‘Ï^£
MÏ<£, ''*ÏQÀ "≥∂ǨÏ<£ á꺈~—— JO@∂ „a*òÖ’ ZHõ¯_À =Ù#fl Hõ$+¨µ‚xfl "Õ∞Å∞
H˘Å∞ѨÙ`«∞<åfl_»∞.
''HõOHõ~ü =∂~ü [QÍÜÕ∞ |=∂<åˆH KèÀ~åˆ~
™È~¸nä"≥∞ÿ JÑ≤fl POQÆ<£"Õ∞.——
(ZO_®HÍÅO <å WO\˜ "åH˜\’¡ Ѩ_»∞‰õΩ#fl##∞fl QÆ∞ÅHõ~åà◊√¡ ~°∞qfi
"Õ∞Å∞H˘Å∞ѨÙ`«∞<åfl_»∞ Hõ$+¨µ_‚ x» +≤HÍÜ«∞`ü KÕã∞¨ <Î åfl_»∞ QÀÑ≤HÍ~°∂ѨOÖ’ =Ù#fl L™êÎ^£
|_ÕQÆ∞ÖÏ=∞bMÏ<£. HÍ#~Ú`Õ, ''Jk <åk—— J<Õ „ÉÏOuÖ’, ''<Õ#∞—— J<Õ JǨÏOHÍ~°
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w`å=∞Hõ~°O^•xfl zÅHõiOz "Õ∞Å∞ H˘Å∞ѨÙ`«∞<åfl_»∞. #~°∞xÃÑ· <å~åÜ«∞}∞_»∞
KÕã#≤ Ѩ~"° ∂≥ ѨHÍ~°O HÍ^• Wk! WÖÏ Jxfl ~°OQÍÅÖ’#∂ P=iOz=Ù#fl Hõ$+¨Ü ‚ ∞« º#∞
Ç≤ÏO^Œ∞™êÎh ã¨Ow`«O ã¨~°fi^è• ã¨‡iOK«∞‰õΩO@∞Ok.
L`«Î~° ÉèÏ~°`«OÖ’#∂, JOQÆ =OQÆ HõoOQÆ ~å*ϺÅÖ’#∞ =Å¡ÉèÏKå~°∞ºÅ
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U=∂„`«O Jã¨Éèíº Ñ¨^Œ*ÏÖÏxH˜ P™ê¯~°O ÖËxq^èŒOQÍ, U =∂„`«O Jj¡Å`å ã¨Ê~°≈
ÖËx q^èŒOQÍ, Jâı+¨OQÍ „áÈQÆ∞Ѩ_çOk Hõ^•! J@∞=O\˜ =∞^èŒ∞~° ã¨Ow`« ã¨OѨ^Œ#∞
㨇iã¨∂Ά ''=∞^èŒ∞~åkèѨ`Õ~°dÅ"£∞ =∞^èŒ∞~°"£∞,—— J<Õ =∞^èŒ∞~å+¨ìHÍxfl ÉèíHõÎÖ’HÍxH˜
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|~À^ÕHõ~ü `«# =∞$^Œ∞=∞^èŒ∞~° ã¨fi~åÅ`À Éèˇ·~°g ~åQÆOÖ’ áê_ç#, ''Éèí[=∞^èŒ∞~°
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