SEMINAR REPORT

ON

“Connection design for ‘I’ section used as brace”

Submitted by
HARSHIT NAGAR
Enrollment No: 18526003
M.Tech (Structural Dynamics)

Under the guidance of

Dr. P.C. ASHWIN KUMAR

DEPARTMENT OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, ROORKEE

ROORKEE-247667, INDIA
 CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION

I hereby certify that this report titled “Connection design for ‘I’ section used as brace”
presented in partial fulfillment of the requirement of award of Degree of Master of Technology
in Earthquake Engineering with specialization in Structural dynamics submitted to the
Department of earthquake Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee , India is an
authentic record of the work carried out during a period from feb 2018 to April 2018 under the
supervision of Dr. P.C. ASHWIN KUMAR, Department of earthquake Engineering, Indian
Institute of Technology, Roorkee. The matter presented in this seminar has not been submitted by
me for the award of any other degree of this institute or any other institute.

Date: O7/05/2019
Place: Roorkee (HARSHIT NAGAR)
Enrollment No: 18526003

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the above statement made by the candidate is correct to best of my
knowledge.

Date: 07/05/2018 (Dr. P.C. ASHWIN KUMAR)

Place: Roorkee Department of earthquake Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee
Roorkee-247667, India
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is my pleasure to express my sincere thanks to Dr. P. C. ASHWIN Department of Earthquake
Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, for his dedicated guidance, generous help
and the precious time he gave in supervising this Seminar Report.

I would also sincerely thank all my fellow friends and the staff of Department of Earthquake
Engineering, IIT Roorkee, who have helped me in every possible way for successful completion
of my seminar report.

Place: IIT Roorkee

Date: 07/05/2018 Harshit Nagar

ABSTRACT
Special Concentrically Braced Frames (SCBFs) are popular lateral load resisting frames due to
their economy, structural efficiency and stiffness. Following the 1994 Northridge earthquake,
braced-frames became increasingly common after brittle fractures were observed at beam-
column connections in Moment Resistant Frames (MRFs). Hollow structural sections (HSS)
make up a significant portion of the steel market, where the typical uses in building structures are
as column members, bracing members, exposed structural steel, cladding supports, concrete filled
tube sections, and truss members. Recent seismic steel research focused on improvements to
wide-flange.
The models account for section geometry, material properties, and local buckling. Local buckling
limits the ability of these members to form stable plastic hinges and the behavior is highly
dependent on the width-thickness (b/t) and the depth-thickness ratio (h/t). Wide-Flanged braces
have superior ductility over HSS members during earthquake loading But there are some
challenges in end connection details.

CONTENTS
1. Introduction………………………………………………………………………...……...1
2. OCBF compared to SCBF………………………………………………………....………2
3. Design philosophy………………………………………………………..………………..3
4. Making mode of bracing…………………………………………..……………………....4
5. Configuration……………………………………………..……………………………….5
5.1 Single diagonal bracing……………………………………………………………..….6
5.2 single story X braces………………………………………………………………..….6
5.3 V and inverted V (chevron) braces…………………………………………..................7
5.4 Two story X braces………………………………………………...…………………...8
6. Selection of bracing member…………………………………………………..…………..9
6.1 Round steel pipe bracing components……………………………………….……….10
6.2 Wide flanged bracing components……………………………………………….…..11
7. Story height recommendation …………………………………………………………...12
8. connection design consideration…………………………………………………….…...13
9. Summary……………. …………………………………………………………………..14
10. References……………………………………………………………………….……… 15

List of figures
1. CBF under earthquake loading ………….…………………………………….…….1
2. Buckling of bracing …………………………………………………………………4
3. Configuration of bracing………..…………………………………………………...7

List of Tables

1. Advantage & disadvantage of bracing member……………………………...…..10

2. Height Recommendation……………………………………………………...….12