DESIGN OF END BARRIER

(Ref: TRAFFIC RAILING DESIGN AASHTO-LRFD A13.2)

Test Level Selection Criteria (AASHTO-LRFD 13.7.2)

Taken to be generally accptable for majority of applications on high speed highways, freeways, expressways and
TL-4
interstate highways with a mixture of trucks and heavy vehicles.

Height of barrier (H) = 940 mm

Transverse Force (Ft) = 240,000 N (Table: 13.7.2-1)

Lontigudinal Length of distribution (Lt) of transverse Impact Force (Ft)

Lt = 1070 mm

Distributed Force (P) = 𝐹𝑡/ = 224.3 N/mm

𝐿𝑡
For Extreme Event Limit State:

Фext = 1.00 (1.3.2.1)

ϒp = 1.00 (Table: 3.4.1-1)
Therefore;
Pu = P x ϒp = 224.3 N/mm

Height of Impact ' He ' is determined by the equation:

He = G- > 810 mm (Table: 13.7.2-1)

Where; 𝑊𝐵/2
G= 𝐹𝑡 bridge deck
Height of vehicle c.g. above = 1,630 mm
(Table:
W= Weight of vehicle corresponding to the required test leve (TL) = 172,000 mm 13.7.2-1)

B= Out-to-out wheel spacing on an axel 2,450 mm

Ft = Transverse force corresponding to the required test level.

Therefore; He = 752.08 mm < 810 mm NOT OK

Hence, Use 810 mm

Total Moment at Base Mu = 181.68 KN-m/m f'c = 27.5 Mpa

fy = 414 Mpa
Total Depth of Barrier (t) = 400 mm Ø= 0.9 (AASHTO LRFD 5.5.4.2.1)
Concrete Cover = 50 mm
Effective Depth (de) = 350 mm
Width of Section (b) = 1000 mm

Ru = 1.648 Mpa
Rho (ρ) = 0.0046
As = 1614 mm² /m

Using; 16 dia bars Ab = 201.1 mm²

Spacing Required = 125 mm

As (provided) = mm²

As (provided)/ As (required) =
The nominal railing resistance to transverse load "Rw" may be determind by using Yield-Line Approach
(AASHTO LRFD 13.3.1)
1- For impacts within wall segment:

(A13.3.1-1)

The critical wall length over which the yield line mechanism occurs, Lc, shall be taken as:

(A13.3.1-2)
Where;
H= Height of wall /barrier
Lc = Critical length of yield line failure pattern
Lt = Longitudinal length of distribution of impact force (Ft)
Rw = Total transverse resistance of the railing/barrier
Mb = Additional flexural resistance of beam in addition to (Mw) if any, at top of wall
Mc = Flexural resistance of cantilevered walls about an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bridge.
Mw = Flexural resistance of the wall about its vertical axis

Calculation for Mw (within wall segment)

Ф= 1.00
As = mm²
fy = 414 Mpa

Section for Mw

2- For impacts at the end of wall or at joint:

(A13.3.1-3)

(A13.3.1-4)