F4 CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 3

Exercise 6 Date: __________________

[Pulau Pinang 2016, No 3]

1. Diagram 1 shows the apparatus set-up to determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide.

Diagram 1
(a) When carrying out the experiment, why does the crucible lid need to be opened once a while? [1m]

(b) Table 1 shows the results of the experiment.

Description Mass (g)
Mass of crucible + lid 21.45
Mass of crucible + lid + magnesium 23.85
Mass of crucible + lid + magnesium oxide 25.45
Table 1

Based on Table 1, determine the value of the following:

[Relative atomic mass : O,16; Mg, 24]

(i) Mass of magnesium [1m]

(ii) Number of moles of magnesium [1m]

(iii) Mass of oxygen [1m]

(iv) Number of mole of oxygen [1m]

(v) Empirical formula of magnesium oxide [1m]

(c) Write the chemical equation for the reaction between magnesium and oxygen. [2m]

(d) Can the method above be used to determine the empirical formula of lead(II) oxide?
Give a reason. [2m]

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F4 CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 3

[JUJ Pahang 2016, No 2]

2. (a) Diagram 2.1 shows the apparatus set-up for an experiment to determine the empirical formula
oxide of copper.

Diagram 2.1

(i) State the type of particles in oxide of copper. [1m]

(ii) Substance X is used to dry the hydrogen gas. State the name of substance X. [1m]

(iii) Name two substances that can be used to prepare hydrogen gas in this experiment. [2m]

(iv) State one precaution that must be taken before heating the oxide of copper? [1m]

(v) How can you ensure that all the oxide of copper has been completely reduced? [1m]

(vi) The empirical formula of oxide of magnesium cannot be determined using the apparatus set-
up in Diagram 2.1. Give a reason. [1m]

(b) Diagram 2.2 shows the structural formula of a molecule.

Diagram 2.2

(i) Based on Diagram 2.2, write the empirical formula of the molecule. [1m]

(ii) What is meant by empirical formula? [1m]

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F4 CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 3

Empirical formula and molecular formula

1. 2.24 g of iron reacts with 0.64 g of oxygen to form an oxide compound.
What is the empirical formula of the compound?
[R.A.M of Fe = 56, O = 16]

2. 2.36 g of cobalt combines chemically with 1.92 g of sulphur to form cobalt

sulphide. What is the empirical formula of cobalt sulphide?
[R.A.M of Co = 59, S = 32]

3. An oxide of copper contains 88.89% of copper by mass.

Find the empirical formula of oxide of copper.
[R.A.M of Cu = 64, O =16]

4. 3.5 g of hydrocarbon contains 3 g of carbon. What is the empirical formula of the

hydrocarbon?
[R.A.M of C = 12, H =1]

5. A compound with the empirical formula of M2O3 contains 27 g of metal M and 24 g

of oxygen. Find the relative atomic mass of metal M.
[R.A.M of O = 16]

6. 0.36 g of carbon combined with X g of chlorine to form tetrachloromethane, CCl4.

What is the value of X?
[R.A.M of C = 12, Cl = 35.5]

7. Empirical formula of ethanoic acid is CH2O. Relative molecular mass of ethanoic

acid is 60. Find the molecular formula of ethanoic acid.
[R.A.M of C = 12, H = 1, O = 16]

8. 5.7 g of hydrocarbon has 4.8 g of carbon. The relative molecular mass of

hydrocarbon is 114. What is the molecular formula of the hydrocarbon?
[R.A.M of C = 12, H = 1]

9. Calculate the percentage of potassium by mass in potassium carbonate, K2CO3.

[R.A.M of K = 39, C = 12, O = 16]

10. Calculate the percentage composition by mass of water in hydrated cobalt

chloride, CoCl2 . 6H2O.
[Relative mass of Co = 59, Cl = 35.5, H2O = 18]

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