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Hieronymus, pronounced /haɪˈrɒnɪməs/, the Greek and Latin form of the name Jerome, means
"sacred name." (c.347 – 30 September 420). St. Jerome was from a place that now forms part of
ex-Yugoslavia. He was born in the late 300s and lived until the early 400s.
The reason he is regarded as the father of translation, as well as the founder of translation theory,
is because he was commissioned by Pope Damascus in the year 382 to translate the Old
Testament into Latin from Hebrew rather than Greek. This edition of the Bible is referred to as
the Vulgate. In addition to this new edition of the Bible, Jerome translated other less well-known
works and wrote many letters and commentaries regarding his
translation work. In addition to his translation work, he was the
forerunner in translation theory. He was alone in his idea that
translation should be "sense for sense" instead of "word for word."
This was not a popular theory accepted by translators at the time,
especially biblical ones. It's a lesson that all translators should be
reminded of today.

International Translation Day is celebrated every year on 30

September on the feast of St. Jerome, the Bible translator who is
considered as the patron saint of translators. The celebrations have
been promoted by FIT (the International Federation of Translators) ever since it was set up in
1953. In 1991 FIT launched the idea of an officially recognised International Translation Day to
show solidarity of the worldwide translation community in an effort to promote the translation
profession in different countries (not necessarily only in Christian ones). This is an opportunity
to display pride in a profession that is becoming increasingly essential in the era of progressing
globalisation.

Свод профессиональных обязательств был разработан А. Честерманом в форме клятвы Св.

Иеронима - покровителя переводчиков (The Hieronymic Oath):
Andrew Chesterman. 2001. Proposal for a Hieronymic Oath. The Translator: Volume 7, Number
2, 2001. Special Issue. The Return to Ethics: 139-154