‘’REVIEW OF DERMATOLOGY 2015 BATCH”

BELOW OR CHOICE QUESTION

1. The adult epidermis is composed of basic cell types: (choice question)
1. Keratinocytes
2. Melanocytes
3. Langerhans cell
4. The merkel cell (can be found in the basal layer of the palms and soles, the oral and
genital mucosa, the nail bed, and the follicular infundibular)
2. The distribute of Hair and Hair follicles are (choice question)
• Long hair：scalp , beard, axillae and pubes

• Short hair ：eyebrows, eyelids, nose and auditory meates

• Smoothness：

– vermilion of the lip

– mammary papilla

– Palm,soles, side of the fingers and toes, nail beds,and certain areas adjacent
to mucosal surface,such as the glans penis

• vellus hair(Wolly hair) ： face,neck and trunk

3. The distribute of Eccrine Glands (choice question)

• Eccrine sweat units are found at virtually all skin sites.
• They are most abundant on the
– palms,
– soles,
– forehead,
– axillae.
– Some eccrine glands in the axillae, especially inpatients with hyperhidrosis,
may have widely dilated secretary coils that contain apocrine-appearing cells.

4: which one is not route of infection treponema palldidum (choice question)

5:Primary lesion are of the following forms except(choice)

6.Primary lesions include：(choice question)

Primary lesions are of the following forms: macules, papules, plaques, nodules, wheals,
vesicles and bullae, pustules and cyst
7. Secondary lesions include: (choice question)
Secondary lesions are of many kinds; the most important are scales, maceration,
erosion, ulceration, fissures, excoriations, crusts, scar, lichenification, atrophy.
8. Lichenification：(choice question)
reaction pattern to repeated rubbing; appears as thickened, pigmented plaque with
a tree bark
9. Nikolsky Sign: (choice question)
Dislodging of epidermis by lateral finger pressure in the vicinity of lesions , which leads
to an erosion. Pressure on bulla leads to lateral extension of blister.
10. The Clinical features of acute eczema: (choice question)
1. Primary and multiform lesion
2. Redness abd swelling,
3. The border is unclear, Papules, vesicles
4. Easy to cause erosion and exudation
11. The Clinical features of chronic eczema: (choice question)
1. It is thickening of the skin.
2. Less vesicular and exudative
3. More scaly, pigmented and thickened
12. Which cell is probably the chief factor cells in all urticaria reactions: (choice
que)
the mast cell is probably the chief factor in all urticaria reaction.
13. What kind of drug eruption belong to The severe drug eruption: ( choice
question )
1. Toxic epidermal necrolysis
2. Drug induced exfoliative dermatitis
3. Severe erythema multiforme
14. The substances is related to the pathogenesis of urticaria (choice que)
Histamine, serotonin, slow reacting substance, bradykinin
15. The functions of skin include: (choice question,)
Protection, absorption, sensation, secretion, and excretion, temperature regulation,
metabolism and immune function.

16. The pathogenesis of Vitiligo: (choice Que)

Three principal theories have been presented about the mechanism of destruction of
 melanocytes in vitlilgo,
1. The auto-immune theory: holds that selected melanocytes are destroyed by certain
lymphocytes that have somehow been activated
2. the neurogenic hypothesis: is based on an interaction of the melanocytes and nerve
cells.
3.the self-destruct hypothesis: suggests that melanocytes are destroyed by toxic
substances formed as part of normal melanin biosynthesis.
17. Clinical features of Herpes Zoster: (choice)
• Predilection in aged people
• Basic damage : several groups of vesicles (millet to bean) on an erythematous
and edematous base unilaterally
vesicles: its content is clear , in severity , they may mix together , even may
necrose or to be ulcer.
• Band distribution according to skin segment by peripheral branches innervated.
Local itching, tenderness or pain, this pain may radiate over the entire region supplied by
the nerve. And the pain may occur either before the onset, during the presence, or after the
disappearance of the skin

18.Clinical features of contact dermatitis. ( choice que, )

1. Allergic dermatitis is usually confined to the area where the tigger actually touched
the skin where is irritant dermatitis may be more widespread on the skin.
2. A red rash is the usual reaction
3. May blister or may gate raised red rash (hives)
4. Skin will itch and perhaps burn irritant contact dermatitis tends to be more pain full
than itchy .

19. clinical types of Tinea pedis：(choice que  )

1. blister type:
deep blisters happened at toe web, the edge of the foot or sole.They grouped or
scattered distribution , and have a thick wall ,clear liquid and no easy to rupture
2. intertrigo type : 3-4 or 4-5 toe web maceration ,white color ,after itching ，the
fresh erosion is exposed
3. scale cornification type: common in sole,the edge of the foot and heel. Skin is
thickening ,rough and desquamating. Sometimes in winter there may be fissure
4. acute ulcer type: often in summer, first is grouped blisters, intertrigos , continue
to develop germs infection to form pustule ,ulcer and cellulitis etc.

FILLING IN THE BLANKS

1. The epidermis may be divided into the following zones beginning with the
innermost layer:
1. Basal layer
2. Prickle layer
3. Granular layer
4. Stratum lucidum
5. Horny layer

2.The normal transit time or turn over time is days. (fill blank)
The normal transit time or turn over time is 28 days.

3.eight common Sexually Transmitted diseases include:

1. Syphilis
2. Gonorrhea
3. Chancroid
4. Lymphogranaloma venereum
5. Nongonococcal urethritis
6. genital herpes
7. Condyloma acuminate
8. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS

4.psoriasis can be classified:

 psoriasis can be classified as
psoriasis vulgaris; psoriatic erythroderma; pustular psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.

SHORT QUESTION

1:What kind of drugs are easy to cause drug eruption?

1. Antibiotics

2. Antipyretic-analgesic drugs

3. Sedative-hypnotic drugs and Antiepileptic drugs

4. Antigout (allopurinol)

5. Heterologous(Foreign) serum and Vaccine etc.

6. Traditional chinese medicine

2.The Classification and stage of syphilis and the topical lesion:

 The classification and stage of syphilis:
• Acquired syphilis
 I : primary stage
 II : secondary stage
 III: third stage
 • Congenital syphilis
 early stage
 late stage
 The classification and stage of topical lesion:

3.What is Behcet's syndrome (BS) (short question)

Behcet’s syndrome (BS) is a perplexing multisystem vasculitic inflammation that has one
basic major feature: recurrent oral aphthous ulcers (AUs)and two of any of the following
features: recurrent genital AU, eye lesions (anterior or posterior uveitis), skin lesions
(erythema nodosum or pustules), and a positive pathergy test

LONG QUESTION

5. What are the clinical features of allergic shock？What treatments are available for
allergic shock (long question)

 The clinical features of allergic shock:

Allergic shock is characterized by

 Obnubilation
 Hypotension
 Pale cyanosis
 Damminess of extremities
 Treatment:

1: be treated with oxygen therapy

2: A o.5- 1ml dose of al- 1000 dilution of epinephrine is administered subcutaneously ,
or is intravenously injected with a 20-40 ml 50% glucose dilation every 15-30 minutes
3: A 5-20mg of hexadecadrol is administered intramuscular injection or a 200-400mg
hydrocortisone is intravenously used with a 500ml glucose dilation
4: is systolic pressure is still lower than 80mmhg after anterior therapy a 500ml glucose
dilation
5: in rapidly progressive cases, intubation or tracheotomy may be required.
Single choice:

1. What is not clinical features of acute eczema? (D)

A. Redness and swelling usually with an ill- defined border
B. Papules vesicles and in fierce cases large blisters.
C. Exudation and crusting.
D. Lichenification
E. Scaling
2. Clinical features of chronic eczema (compared with acute eczema) (B)
A. Less vesicular and exudative
B. Without itching
C. More scaly, pigmented and thickend
D. More likely to be lichenified (a dry leathery thickend state with increased skin markings,
secondary repeated scratching or rubbing)
E. More likely to developed painful fissure.
3. Which cells is probably the chief factor in all urticaria reaction? (D)
A. Keratinocytes
B. Melanocytes
C. Langerhans cells
D. Mast cell
E. Merkel cell
4. What are the characteristic of wheals?
A. Elevated
B. White or red evanescent plaques
C. Surrounded by a red halo or flare
D. Not more than 24 hours

5. What kind of drug eruption belong to sever drug eruption (B)

A. Fixed drug eruption
B. Toxic epidermal necrolysis
C. Exanthems drug eruption
D. Eczematous eruption
E. Purpuric eruption
6. Which substance is not related to the pathogensis of urticaria (A)
A. Epinephrine
B. Histamine
C. Serotonin
D. Slow recating substance
E. Bradykinin
7. What is the correct about contact dermatitis (ABCE)
A. Allergic dermatitis is usually confined to the area where the tigger actually touched the skin
where is irritant dermatitis may be more widespread on the skin.
B. A red rash is the usual reaction
 C. May blister or may gate raised red rash (hives)
D. Lichenification is a common symptoms of contact dermatitis
E. Skin will itch and perhaps burn irritant contact dermatitis tends to be more pain full than
itchy .

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