Comparitive Study of Voided Slab and

Conventional slab using ANSYS Workbench 14.5

• Presented by :- Vedvatee Hajgude (2045019)

Ananta Shingade (2045062)
Sneha Kajale (2045029)
Hrutik Wadia (2045068)

• Guided by: - Mr. Yogesh Tambe

Asst. Prof.Civil Engg Dept.
CONTENT
• Introduction
• Objectives of project
• Benifits
• Literature review
• Case studies
• Methodology
• References
Fig.1
 INTRODUCTION
When designing a reinforced concrete structure, a primary design
limitation is the span of the slab between columns. Designing large spans
between columns often requires the use of support beams and/or very
thick slabs, thereby increasing the weight of the structure by requiring the
use of large amounts of concrete. Heavier structures are less desirable
than lighter structures in seismically active regions because a larger dead
load for a building increases the magnitude of inertia forces the structure
must resist as large dead load contributes to higher seismic weight.
Incorporating support beams can also contribute to larger floor-to-floor
heights which consequently increases costs for finish materials and
cladding. A new solution to reduce the weight of concrete structures and
increase the spans of two-way reinforced concrete slab systems was
developed in the 1990s in Europe and is gaining popularity and
acceptance worldwide. Fig.2
Plastic voided slabs provide similar load carrying capacity to traditional flat plate concrete slabs but weigh
significantly less. This weight reduction creates many benefits that should be considered by engineers determining the
structural system of the building. Plastic voided slabs remove concrete from non-critical areas and replace the removed
concrete with hollow plastic void formers while achieving similar load capacity as solid slabs. Voided slab principles
have been applied in different applications dating back to the early 1900s.This study examines a two-way, reinforced
concrete slab with plastic voids construction in comparison to traditional flat plate.
Reinforced concrete slabs are one of the most common components in modern building construction.
Reinforced concrete slabs with plastic voids slabs are a new and innovative type of structural, concrete slab
system developed to allow for lighter self-weight of the structure while maintaining similar load carrying
capacity of a solid slab. Plastic voided slabs are capable of reducing the amount of concrete necessary to
construct a building by 30 percent or more.

Fig.3
Comparison between Conventional Slab and Voided Slab.

Fig.4. Fig.5
Conventional Slab Voided Slab
OBJECTIVES OF PROJECT
1. Comparative study of Solid Flat Slab and Voided Slab based on various Parameters
under different loading conditions.
2. Modeling of both the slab systems in ANSYS Workbench14.5 to find out its
structural efficiency and to obtain optimum slab system.
BENIFITS
1. Saves 30 to 50 % weight compared to a corresponding solid slab – equal stiffness.
2. 20% concrete reduction in other components.
3. The reduced weight of the slab will typical result in a change in design to longer spans
and/or reduced deck thickness.
4. It is also seismic friendly as it lowers the total weight of the building.
5. Reduced concrete usage – 1 kg recycled plastic replaces 100 kg of concrete.
6. Building costs are reduced by 8 to 10 %.
Literature review
A significant amount of research work on various aspects of plastic voided slab has been
published by many investigators. Some papers are briefly described below.
1.2.1 Roberto Grade
He is developed and patented a new system of hollow formers, in order to decrease the transportation
costs (and CO2 production). The U-Boot formwork is a modular element made of re-cycled plastic for use in
building lighter structures in reinforced concrete cast at the work-site.The biggest advantage of U-boot is that
it is stackable. A truck of U-boot means approximately 5000 m2 of slab, once hollow formers are laid down
at building site. The second innovation is the shape: U-boot creates a grid of orthogonal "I" beams, so the
calculation of the reinforcement can be effected by any static engineer according to Eurocode, British
standard or any local standard.
1.2.2 Schnellenbach-Held M., Ehmann S., P feffer K.

They wrote that an Bubble deck slab is the slab in which some amount of the concrete is replaced by
the plastic hollow bubbles which are made by the waste plastic material, which reduces the self-weight of the
structure.The main effect of the plastic sphere is to reduce the dead load of the deck by 1/3 in compare to
solid slab having same thickness without effecting its deflection behaviour& bending.
 By applying the knowledge gathered during the behaviroal analysis. Modular deck components for pedestrian
bridges that is notably lighter but comparable in strength to typical reinforcement concrete section will be designed.
This floor system is designed to reduce the strength to weight ratio of typical concrete slab.it replaces or removes
concrete from center of slab,where not or less useful.in place of that concrete,this design system uses hollow HDPE
spheres to decrease the dead load of concrete floor.however it also reduces the slab resistance to fire and shear.

1.2.3 Jorgen Bruening

He studied that locks ellipsoids between the top and bottom reinforcement meshes, thereby creating a natural
cell structure, acting like a solid slab. For the first time a hollow biaxial slab is created with the same capabilities as
a solid slab, but with considerably less weight due to the elimination of superfluous concrete. Design of this type of
the slab is based on the euro and the British codes.

1.2.4 Chaurakov
He observed that the hollow slabs are prefabricated, one-way spanning, concrete elements with hollow
cylinders. Due to the prefabrication, these are inexpensive, and reduce building time, but can be used only in one-
way spanning constructions, and must be supported by beams and/or fixed walls. The slab has been especially
popular in countries where the emphasis of home construction has been on precast concrete, including Northern
Europe and socialist countries of Eastern Europe. Precast concrete popularity is linked with low-seismic zones and
more economical constructions because of fast building assembly, lower self-weight (less material), etc.
1.2.5 Neeraj Tiwari zafar
He had presented a paper.This presented a study on the Bubble Deck slab is a newly designed slab made by
reinforcement mesh,hollow HDPE ball, reinforcement mesh again at bottom.it is based on the patented integration
technique thai is the connection of steel and air. It is a hollow deck in which HDPE sphere ball acte the purpose of
reducing concrete that has no carrying effect.

1.2.6 S.N. Bhagat et al. (2014)

In this study various parameters of the voided and solid flat plate slabs is calculated to compare the both systems.
To evaluate the performance of the R.C.C voided and solid flat plate slabs, modeling of slabs is carried out using SAP
2000 having span ranging from 6x6 m to 14x14 m of 4x4 bay in both direction with thickness of the slabs 280 to 600
mm. The results drawn from the SAP 2000 are Reaction, Deflection, Moment and Reinforcement required for the voided
and solid flat plate slabs.

1.2.7 S.C Lin et al. (2009)

He explained that composite slabs are made of Bubble Deck type slab elements with spherical gaps, poured in
place on transversal and longitudinal directions. These slab elements have a bottom and an upper concrete part
connected with vertical ribs that go around the gaps.
1.2.8 L. R. Terec et al. (2013)

He studied that Bubble Deck slab is a floor system of reinforced concrete, containing spherical hollows, as
concrete saving elements.Usually manufactured partially from precast filigree elements, the Bubble Deck system
combines the benefits of factory-manufactured elements in controlled conditions with on-site completion with the final
monolith concrete, resulting in a completed floor slab. Regarding the Bubble Deck system, numerous experimental
research works were conducted, in order to evaluate the performances of this system, subjected to bending loads, shear
loads or seismic loads, to determine the time-dependent deformations or the fire reaction, study the behavior as support
element for fastening elements.

1.2.9 J. M. Corey (2013)

He explained the design process of conventional slab and voided slab. The design process for plastic voided slabs
is directly compared with traditional two-way flat plate reinforced concrete slabs through a design comparison of
typical bays of 20’ by 20’ (6m by 6m), 25’ by 25’ (7.6m by 7.6m), 30’ by 30’ (9m by 9m) and 35’ by 35’ (10.7m by
10.7m). The traditional slab design process follows the ACI 318-11 Building Code Requirements for Structural
Concrete chapter 13 Direct Design Method, while the plastic voided slab design process is modified from the Bubble
Deck Design Guide for compliance with BCA using AS3600 and Euro Code 2.
1.2.10 G.C. Kim et al. (2012)

The theoretical study of the rigidities of slabs with circular voids oriented in the longitudinal and in the transverse
direction is discussed. Equations are presented for predicting the bending and torsional rigidities of the voided slabs.
This study summarizes the results of an extensive literature search and initial review of the current methods of
analyzing voided slab.
1.2.11 Amer M. Ibrahim,Nazar K. Ali,Wissam D. Salman (2013)

This paper presents the flexural capacities of R.C two way hollow slabs of plastic spherical voids, also known as
BubbleDeck slab system. Recently, various types of slab systems which can reduce the self-weight of slabs have been
studied as the height and width of building structures rapidly increase.
1.2.12 Sergiu Calin and Ciprian Asavoaie(2009)

In this paper the method for bubbledeck concrete slab with gaps is discussed. The composite slabs are made of
BubbleDeck type slab elements with spherical gaps, poured in place on transversal and longitudinal directions. By
introducing the gaps leads to a 30. . . 50% lighter slab which reduces the loads on the columns, walls and foundations,
and of course of the entire building.

1.2.13 Lyndon Johnson, Hui Jiao and Tohid Ghanbari Ghazijahani

In this paper, Strand 7 Finite Element Analysis in conjunction with Rhinoceros 4 3D CAD software was used to
create composite FEA models of concrete slabs. These composite models were loaded to observe stresses and cracked
section behaviour in both hollow-core concrete slabs and solid concrete slabs to determine the relative merits of hollow
core concrete slabs over regular solid concrete slabs.
1.2.14 Gee-Cheol Kim, Joo-Won Kang(2005)

A theoretical study of the rigidities of slabs withcircular voids oriented in the longitudinal and in the transverse
direction is discussed. Equations are presented for predicting the bending and torsional rigidities of the voided slabs.
This paper summarizes the results of an extensive literature search and initial review of the current methods of
analyzing voided slab. The various methods of calculating the equivalent plate parameters, which are necessary for two-
dimensional analysis, are also reviewed. Static deflections on voided slabs are shown to be in good agreement with
proposed equation.

1.2.15 Kivanc Taskin,Kerem Peker(2014)

This research is based on the modeling of void slabs using different structural analysis program (SAP 2000 etc)
due to TS 500 (Requirements for Design and Construction of Reinforced Concrete Structures-Turkish Standard). Also
this study scrutinizes the economy of various slab systems (waffle, mushroom, rib etc.), exposed to different load
intensities and practical span ranges.
Case studies
1. Miami Art Museum

Fig.No.6 Fig. No.7

2. UEFA Headquarter

UEFA Headquarter’s interior Fig.No.9

Fig. No. 8
3. Palazzo Lombardia’s Construction 4. Le Coie Housing

Fig.No.10 Fig.No.11
5. Altra sede Regional (Italy): 6. 12-02 Astoria(UK)

Fig No.12 Altra Sede Regional during construction Fig No.13 12-02 Astoria during
construction
7. Hotel Hyatt (Vadodara city,India)

Fig.No 14 Fig No. 15

8. Shaktidham Temple (Aurangabad, India)

Fig.No.16 Shaktidham Temple slab details

METHODOLOGY
Flow chart of project:

Review previous research Finalisation of

Collection of data
related to the subject of Defining material slab dimensions
required for
voided slab designing and properties and HDPE ball
analytical work
modelling size

Conclusion by deciding Comparative study of (deflection Designing and modelling of

optimum slab between both behaviour, stress intensities, strain conventional slab and
conventional slab and voided intensities) results obtained from voided slab by using
slab. ANSYS software ANSYS Workbench 14.5
Parametric study
The primary goal of the study is to compare the relative weight of a plastic voided slab to the
relative weight of a solid flat slab.Along with weight comparison we are going to compare
Stress intensities, Strain intensities and Deformation values.
Basic dada required for modelling and designing:
• Grade of concrete M25
• Grade of steel Fe 500
• Diameter of bar 12mm
• Material properties are given in Table No 1
• Slab dimensions are given in Table No.2
Material properties
Table No 1
Slab dimensions
Table No 2
References
Voided Slab Design: Review Paper,By Ashish Kumar Dwivedi,Prof. H. J Joshi,Rohit Raj,Prem Prakash
Mishra,Mamta Kadhane,Bharati Mohabey,Civil Engineering, Rajarshi Shahu College of Engineering, Pune,
Maharashtra, India.
Voided Slab and Conventional Flat Slab; A Comparative Study by Sonal R. Naik(PG Student),Dinesh
Joshi(Professor),Department of Civil Engineering,Saraswati College of Engineering, Maharashtra, India.
Comparison between Conventional Flat Slab and Voided Slab with U Boot Beton Technology,1Shinde
Dipali,2Jadhav Komal,3Degloorkar Shital,4 Satpute Priyanka,5Bargaje S.S.,1234B.E. Students,5Assistant
Professor,Department of Civil Engineering,Samarth College of Engineering, Belhe, Maharashtra, India.
Analytical study of solid flat slab and voided slab using ANSYS Workbench 14.5. 1 Mr.Yadav Jaideep
Purushottam, 2Prof. Tambe Yogesh Hemantkumar 1 Student : Civil Engineering department,NOVA College of
Engineering and Technology,Jafferguda,Batasingram Village, Hayath Nagar Mandal, R. R. Dist. – 501512
2Assistant Professor : Civil Engineering department,Malegaon Bk Tal: Baramati, Pune.State : Maharashtra

India.
Analytical and Experimental Investigation On Voided Slab by Abhishek R. Pandharipande, N. J. Pathak
THANK YOU