WAYS OF RENDERING THE LEXICO-GRAMMATICAL MEANINGS AND

FUNCTIONS OF THE ENGLISH INFINITIVE

Translation of the English infinitive is greatly predetermined by its form and sometimes by its
function in the sentence.The English infinitive functions as:
1. A subject:
2. A part of a compound predicate:
3. An object:
4. An attribute:
5. An adverbial modifier may be conveyed in Ukrainian with the help of an infinitival щоб-phrase, a
prepositional noun or a noun word-group:
It was too dark to distinguish anything.- Було занадто темно, щоб розрізнити що-небудь.

WAYS OF TRANSLATING INFINITIVAL COMPLEXES

There are three types of infinitival complexes in present-day English (which are often referred to as
secondary predication constructions): 1) the for-to-infinitival complex; 2) the objective with the infinitive
and 3) the subjective with the infinitive complexes.

WAYS OF TRASLATING THE FOR-TO-INFINITIVE CONSTRUCTIONS

The realization of a definite meaning may be predetermined by the function of the infinitival for-phrase
which may be as follows:

1. A complex subject having for its equivalent in Ukrainian asimple subject expressed by the
infinitive or an extended subjectexpressed by the subordinate clause:
2. A complex predicative having for its Ukrainian equivalent either an infinitive functioning as the
simple nominal predicate, or afinite form of the verb, i.e., a simple verbal predicate:
3.A complex object corresponding to a simple or extended object in Ukrainian:
4.An attribute to a nominal part of speech:
5. An adverbial modifier of purpose or result having for their equivalents a subordinate clause or an
infinitive in Ukrainian:

WAYS OF TRANSLATING
THE OBJECTIVE WITH THE INFINITIVE CONSTRUCTIONS

The most common ways of translating the objective with the infinitive constructions are the
following:
1.By means of a subordinate clause:
Everyone watched him walk across the garden. (D.Lessing) - Усі спостерігали, як він іде
садком/переходить cадок.

2.By means of an objective infinitival word-group forming partof the compound modal verbal predicate:
I rather wanted to be a painter when I was a boy, but my father made me go into business.(Maugham) - У
дитинстві я бажав стати художником, але батько змусив мене піти в бізнес.

3.By means of a noun derived from the objective infinitive:

He heard the blackbird sing. (Maugham) - Він чув спів дрозда.

4.By means of a phrasal/simple verbal predicate:

The champagne and the altitude made him sleep. (Hailey) - Від шампанського й висоти його хилило до
cну/йому хотілося спати.