PRACTICE TEST 9

A. LISTENING (5.0 points):

B. LEXICO- GRAMMAR (5.0pts)

Part 1. Choose the best option A, B, C, or D to complete the following sentences and write your
answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. (2.0 pts)
1. An open friendly manner is___________of this region.
A. personality B. character C. characteristic D. individuality
2. I thought his comment about my putting on too much weight was quite_____________
A. sensitive B. egotistical C. tactless D. cynical
3. My sister is really self-__________. She can join in a group without any introductions.
A. centered B. confident C. conscious D. absorbed
4. The___________paragraph gives the background to their research project.
A. beforehand B. retrospect C. bygone D. preceding
5. These are very ______________ times, and it may be a while before everything returns to normal.
A. turbulent B. temporary C. contemporary D. rapid
6. There has been a dramatic ______________ in the way we see modern society.
A. alteration B. amendment C. variation D. shift
7. The archaeologists uncovered several important _________________at the site.
A. artefacts B. ancients C. uniques D. heritages
8. "Maybe your husband does things that you don't know about," he said with a________.
A. grimace B. smirk C. sneeze D. twinge
9. Many people see smoking as a type of _____________ behavior nowadays.
A. cultural B. conventional C. anti-social D. mainstream
10. At work, you make friends with people of different ages and outside of your ______ group.
A. social B. minority C. cultural D. peer
11. It’s a very _________ community and people are generally very supportive.
A. close-knit B. diverse C. intermingled D. blending
12. The__________company spent millions of dollars marketing their new wonder drug.
A. pharmacy B. pharmarcist C. pharmacology D. pharmaceutical
13. The infection is highly____________, so don't let anyone else use your towel.
A. communicable B. contagiousC. dangerous D. terrible
14. The idea of manual ____________ doesn’t appeal to me at all.
A. effort B. labor C. endeavor D. exercise
15. The richer countries of the world should take ______action to help the poorer countries.
A. physical B. manual C. exerted D. concerted
16. We can catch the vast majority of people, but hunting down every last tax dodger is
_____________impossible.
A. very B. highly C. virtually D. extremely
17. I know I shouldn't ___________, but it really serves him right.
A. gloat B. grin C. chuckle D. giggle
18. Senators have proposed hugely different __________for the growing healthcare crisis.
A. therapies B. side-effects C. remedies D. benefits
19. He worked hard to fulfil his childhood____________ to become a surgeon.
A. aspiration B. admiration C. adoration D. inspiration
20. The drought has made farmers _______________ anxious about the harvest.
A. absolutely B. completely C. extremely D. totally
Part 2: The passage below contains 10 mistakes. Identify the mistakes and write the corrections in
the corresponded numbered boxes. (1.0pt)
The launderette by my flat in Belleville sum up Paris for me. You put your clothes in the machine and
then, committing the machines’ number into memory, you walk to the different machine in a different
room and feed them coins. Someone could steal your stuff while this was going on but the beggar lady
who lives there will stop them. Though she’s barred from the café next door, she put in a good word for
me with the owner. She told him the reason which I had never greeted him in French on walking in
wasn’t because I was rude, but England. So he took to crossing the bar whenever I entered, shaking my
hand and roared “Bonjour, Anglais” until I gave in and began to preempt him. Now we get on famous.
Paris is all about following ritual. Everything – from how you feed a washing machine, to the way you
greet someone, or the way you enter a bar. There’s a café near here where the customers spend hours
discussing about the food. They are pompous and ridiculous and I long to being one of them, and never
will.
Part 3: Complete each sentence with one suitable particle or preposition. Write your answers in the
corresponding numbered boxes provided. (1.0pt)
1. The film was made _______ a shoestring.
2. He walked ________a great job straight after university because his father is a big fish in city politics.
3. They wheeled________ the same old excuses last time this happened.
4. When she started borrowing my clothes without asking, I had to put my foot _____
5. He's going to have to pull his socks __________ if he wants to stay in the team.
6. ‘This will cause all sorts of problems.’ - ‘I know. It is a recipe_______ disaster.’
7. I have no intention of going in__________ any competitions this year because of my poor health.
8. I don’t think that this fashion will catch_________ next year.
9. Debbie agreed to let me in __________ her plans.
10. The party was meant to be a surprise, but Sharon gave it _____.
Part 4: Give the correct form of each bracketed word in the following passage. Write your answers in
the corresponding numbered boxes. (1.0pt)
(0. INCREASE)______________, women are taking their holidays without men. For safety reasons,
camaraderie or just plain fun, a growing number of female tourists are singing up for women-only trips.
Twenty years ago only a (1. HAND) _________________of companies offered such holidays; now
there are several hundred. Travel (2. CONSULT) ______________Andre Littlewood says that the
combination of higher incomes with delayed marriage, divorce, retirement and (3.
WIDOW)____________has enabled more women to travel, often on their own. They are attracted by
the sense of freedom that a holiday without men affords them. “Women in a group tend to feel (4.
INHIBIT)____________and speak more openly than when men are around”, she adds. “Even on (5.
ENERGY)_____________adventure holidays the atmosphere is relaxed and (6.
OPERATE)___________. It’s also a great deal more fun. Women laugh more (7.
READY)_____________than men, probably because they don’t mind laughing at themselves.” Since
her divorce Janice Cummings has been a regular traveler with Everywoman Tours, and Oxford-based
Company whose very name is a (8. DETER)___________ to men. “And a good thing too,” she says.
“Men simply cannot resist the (9. TEMPT)_____________to try and take control, no matter where they
are. And that includes on holiday.(10. THANK)_____________, there is none of that with
Everywoman.”
C. READING (5.0pts)
Part 1. Read the following passage and decide which answer (A, B, C, or D) best fits each gap. Write
your answers in corresponding numbered boxes. (1.0 pt)
Opera for everyone
You could be forgiven for (0)__________ the Royal Opera House (ROH) more with the over-50s than
with the under 15s. But if you did, (1)_________ you might be surprised to learn that the ROH’s
education department reaches out every year to (2) __________ the young generation with opera. It is,
however, safe to assume that opera can be an unfamiliar (3) __________ to most schoolchildren, and the
first reaction (4) __________ by the ROH in the classroom is often bemusement. “Children (5)
__________ positively as long as you introduce them to opera in the right way”. Explains Paul Reeve,
the ROH’s director of education. “The older students can initially have an extreme negative reaction,
but that (6) __________ is a great challenge. We give those skeptical kids the opportunity to experience
what it’s like to be, say, a composer or a choreographer, and that shows them the skill that is (7)
__________ in the art forms. “One popular programme the ROH sets up annually is Write an Opera and
this year children from 28 UK schools will perform their work on stage in July. Teachers have found
that while such a programme gives their pupils a greater (8) __________ of the arts, they have a broader
effect, too. “I don’t think arts participation has an actual (9) __________ on developing people’s
creativity and self-esteem”, says Reeve, “but the feedback we get is that participation in an opera project
can have a hugely positive effect on children who have previously (10) __________ elsewhere in their
school life.
0. A. typing B. relating C. joining D. associating
1. A. then B. so C. even D. while
2. A. reveal B. keep C. engage D. maintain
3. A. way B. medium C. channel D. means
4. A. developed B. projected C. provided D. encountered
5. A. respond B. manage C. answer D. learn
6. A. refusal B. resistance C. indifference D. disillusionment
7. A. requested B. contained C. involved D. included
8. A. fascination B. impression C. information D. awareness
9. A. restriction B. monopoly C. control D. design
10. A. performed B. focused C. struggled D. achieved
Part 2: Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only ONE word in
each space. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. (1.5 pts)
The Spanish way of life
The inhabitants of this very varied country have (0)…few…things in common (1)__________for a
natural sociability and a zest for living. Spaniards commonly put as (2)________ energy into enjoying
life as they do into their work. The stereotypical manana (leave everything till tomorrow) is a myth, but
time is flexible in Spain and many people bend their work (3)_____________as to fit in with the
demands of their social life whenever they can, instead of letting (4)_________________be ruled by the
clock. The day is long in Spain and Spanish has a word, madrugada, for the time between midnight and
dawn, (5)_____________city streets are often lively.
Spaniards are highly sociable (6)__________ that they like nothing better than spending leisure time in
the company of others. In many places people still go out in the evening for the paseo, and the streets
are crowded with strollers at this time. Eating is invariably communal and big groups often
(7)_________ up for dinner. Not (8)______________ Spain has more bars and restaurants per head than
any other country.
Traditionally, the state in Spain has been very inefficient at providing public services, although this has
improved in the last 20 years. The Spanish have therefore always relied on (9)___________families
and personal connections, rather than institutions, in order to find work or seek assistance in a crisis.
This attitude has sometimes (10)______________to a disregard for general interests- such as the
environment – if they come into conflict with private ones.
Part 3. Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.
Write your answers in corresponding numbered boxes. (1.0pt)
ANTHROPOLOGY
Anthropology distinguishes itself from the other social sciences by its greater emphasis on fieldwork as
the source of new knowledge. The aim of such studies is to develop as intimate an understanding as
possible of the phenomena investigated. Although the length of field studies varies from a few weeks to
years, it is generally agreed that anthropologists should stay in the field long enough for their presence
to be considered ‘natural’ by the permanent residents.
Realistically, however, anthropologists may never reach this status. Their foreign mannerisms make
them appear clownish, and so they are treated with curiosity and amusement. If they speak the local
language at all, they do so with a strange accent and flawed grammar. They ask tactless questions and
inadvertently break rules regarding how things are usually done. Arguably this could be an interesting
starting point for research, though it is rarely exploited. Otherwise, anthropologists take on the role of
the ‘superior expert’, in which case they are treated with deference and respect, only coming into
contact with the most high-ranking members of the society. Anthropologists with this role may never
witness the gamut of practices which take place in all levels of the society.
No matter which role one takes on, anthropologists generally find fieldwork extremely demanding.
Anthropological texts may read like an exciting journey of exploration, but rarely is this so. Long
periods of time spent in the field are generally characterised by boredom, illness and frustration.
Anthropologists in the field encounter unfamiliar climates, strange food and low standards of hygiene. It
is often particularly trying for researchers with middle-class, European backgrounds to adapt to societies
where being alone is considered pitiful. It takes a dedicated individual to conduct research which is not
in some way influenced by these personal discomforts.
Nonetheless, fieldwork requires the researcher to spend as much time as possible in local life. A range
of research methodologies can be utilised to extract information. (1) These can be classified as emic or
etic. (2) While emic descriptions are considered more desirable nowadays, they are difficult to attain,
even if the researcher does his utmost to reproduce the facts from the natives’ point of view. (3) More
often than not, aspects of the researcher’s own culture, perspective and literary style seep into the
narrative. Moreover, research generally involves translations from one language to another and from
speech into writing. In doing this, the meaning of utterances is changed. (4) The only truly emic
descriptions can be those given by the natives themselves in their own vernacular.
The least invasive type of research methodology is observation. Here, the researcher studies the group
and records findings without intruding too much on their privacy. This is not to say, however, that the
presence of the researcher will have minimal impact on the findings. An example was Richard Borshay
Lee, who, in studying local groups in the Kalahari refused to provide the people with food so as not to
taint his research, leading to an inevitable hostility towards the researcher which would not otherwise
have been present.
A variant on the observation technique, participant observation requires that the anthropologist not only
observes the culture, but participates in it too. It allows for deeper immersion into the culture studied,
hence a deeper understanding of it. By developing a deeper rapport with the people of the culture, it is
hoped they will open up and divulge more about their culture and way of life than can simply be
observed. Participant observation is still an imperfect methodology, however, since populations may
adjust their behavior around the researcher, knowing that they are the subject of research.
The participatory approach was conceived in an attempt to produce as emic a perspective as possible.
The process involves not just the gathering of information from local people, but involves them in the
interpretation of the findings. That is, rather than the researcher getting actively involved in the
processes within the local community, the process is turned on its head. The local community is actively
involved in the research process.
1. The main premise of the text is…
A. the steps to be followed when undertaking anthropological fieldwork.
B. a history of anthropological fieldwork methodology.
C. the effects that an anthropological fieldwork has on local communities.
D. the problems with conducting anthropological fieldwork.
2. The main reason for anthropological researchers remaining in a community for an extended period of
time is that…
A. they can gather as much information as possible.
B. they can try out a range of different research methodologies.
C. they want local people to behave naturally around them.
D. they need time to become accustomed to the conditions.
3. What does the passage say about researchers who are considered a ‘clown’ by locals?
A. They do culturally unacceptable things without realising it.
B. They do not gain respect among high-ranking members of the community.
C. They cannot conduct any research of value.
D. They do not study the language and culture of the region before their arrival.

4. What does ‘gamut’ mean?

A. idea or impression B. prohibition or taboo
C. range or extent D. secret or mystery
5. The writer believes that the most difficult aspect of fieldwork for educated westerners is
A. the lack of companionship.
B. poor sanitary conditions.
C. failure to meet expectations.
D. never being left alone.
6. In paragraph 3, it is implied that…
A. the fieldworker’s emotions and mood prejudice the research.
B. the longer a researcher spends in the field, the more depressed he gets.
C. middle-class Europeans find field research more difficult than researchers from other
backgrounds.
D. anthropological texts tend to exaggerate the difficult conditions that researchers experience.
7. Which of the following is NOT true about an emic account?
A. It is likely to be more analytical in style than an etic account.
B. It is told from the perspective of the person being studied.
C. It is currently the preferred way of conducting anthropological research.
D. It cannot be translated without altering its meaning.
8. Why is the example of Richard Borshay Lee given in paragraph 5?
A. to demonstrate that observation is an ineffective method of gathering data.
B. to highlight why it is important that researchers minimize their impact on a community.
C. to show the dangers of researchers trying to lessen their impact on a community
D. to show how a researcher’s choice of methodology can influence the validity of his findings.
9. How does participant observation differ vary from straightforward observation?
A. It requires the researcher to become actively involved in the daily lives of those being studied.
B. It allows the subjects of the research a greater degree of privacy.
C. It eradicates the problem of research subjects altering their behaviour towards researchers.
D. It takes longer to perform this type of research effectively.
10. Which of the following is NOT true of the participatory approach?
A. It attempts to reduce etic accounts of a culture to a minimum.
B. It does not require a researcher to be present.
C. It aims to involve the subjects in both information gathering and analysis.
D. It is the reverse of the participant observation technique.
Part 4. Read the following extract and answer do the tasks that follow. (1.5pts)
Task 1: Choose the appropriate heading for each paragraph of the text above from the list below.
List of Headings
i. Time for a change? vi. Technology keeping us at home
ii. Social impact vii. Benefits of all
iii. Management decisions viii. Business in the workplace
iv. Flexibility of technology ix. Keeping it clean
v. Wasted time on the road x. The best of both worlds
1. Paragraph A: ………………
2. Paragraph B: ………………
3. Paragraph C: ………………
4. Paragraph D: ………………
5. Paragraph E: ………………
WORKING FROM HOME
A. Can you feel your anxiety and stress levels increasing every time you get caught in a traffic jam?
Do you find it difficult to control your tongue when your boss points out your shortcomings yet
again? Do you yearn for state-of-the-art technology in your home that you haven’t had to pay
for? If you are shouting an enthusiastic “Yes!” in answer to these questions, then it could be time
to make a career and life change that may not even require you to quit your job. Just suggest to
your boss that you wish to become one of the new breed of executives whose office is based at
home.
B. Working from home is a relatively new phenomenon, but is becoming an increasingly popular
option with both businesses and employees. The technology available to us means that we no
longer need to be in the same office building as our colleagues to communicate effectively with
each other. E-mail, video conferencing, mobile telephones and more, mean that we can do
business just as efficiently, regardless of our location.
C. Companies may choose to employ a proportion of their staff as home-based workers, as, of
course, a workforce set up in such a way requires far less office space and fewer parking
facilities. The fixed costs of a business can be dramatically reduced. Employees can enjoy the
added benefits of freedom to schedule the day as they choose and freedom to spend more time at
home with their families.
D. We can even go so far as to say that the working-from-home phenomenon could be one of the
answers to the pollution problems which the modern world has inflicted upon itself. Fewer
people travelling to work every day equals fewer cars. Fewer cars, of course, equates to lower
CO2 levels in the atmosphere.
E. But what are the drawbacks to working at home? For many of us, work is a means of escaping
our nearest and dearest and making our own mark on the world. The relationships we have with
 our colleagues are a significant part of our life - after all, full-time workers spend a third of their
day in their workplace. Some people who work from home feel that they are actually much more
productive and can get tasks done in a much shorter time than in an office environment. Others,
however, may be demotivated by the isolation and find it difficult to get down to tasks which
have a more intangible deadline.
F. As with most aspects of life, a balance is probably the best solution for the majority of workers –
a job based at home which requires regular contact with colleagues at regular meetings.
Management surveys show that successful business is easier if we operate as a team:
brainstorming and sharing ideas and offering support and motivation to each other. After all, we
are only human and we need others to complain to if we have a bad day at work!
Task 2: Complete the summary of the text by using words from the box
benefits psychological workplace company drawbacks
conduct business release flexibility motivate productive

Technology has allowed us to (6) _______ at home instead of the office. For the (7) _______, there are
financial incentives and for the employee there is more (8) _______. There are even (9) _______ for the
environment. However, there is (10) _______ factor to be considered.
D. WRITING (5.0 pts)
Part 1. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the
sentence printed before it. There is an example at the beginning (0) (1.0pt)
(0): I haven’t seen him for two years
 The last time __ I saw him was two years ago ___.
1. I didn’t stop worrying about the wild animals until we were safe inside camp.
 It was only when we reached______________________________________________
2. Immediately after Emi quit her job, she booked a package tour around Europe.
 As soon as she had handed_____________________________________________
3. I was impatient to get home because the holiday was such a disaster.
 So___________________________________________________
4. I was surprised when he said he wouldn’t work overtime.
 His___________________________________________________
5. He is proud of his loyalty to his friends.
 He prides_____________________________________________

Part 2. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence.. You must
use between THREE and EIGHT words, including the word given. Do not change the word given.
There is an example at the beginning (0) (1.0pt)
(0): Why don’t we have a picnic this weekend?” said Andy (HAVING)
Andy suggested ___having a picnic that ___weekend
1. Our attempts to persuade Soji to continue his studies weren’t successful and he left university early.
(MET)
 Our attempts to persuade Soji not to___________________ no success and he left university early.
2. The interviewer told Belinda that he would write to her to inform her whether her application had
been successful. (KNOW)
 The interviewer told Belinda that he would_________________________ writing whether her
application had been successful or not.
3. I wish I hadn’t let Max borrow my money because none of his investments has shown a profit.
(NEVER)
 I ought _______________________________ to Max because none of his investments has shown a
profit.
4. My grandfather completely forgot that he had phoned me (RECOLLECTION)
 My grandfather had _____________________________________ me.
5. These prices are completely different from the ones I saw. (BEAR)
 These prices _____________________________________the one I saw.
___ THE END___