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Moment Distribution Method: Presented by Fuad Bin Nazrul
Moment Distribution Method: Presented by Fuad Bin Nazrul
Method
Presented by
Fuad Bin Nazrul
Moment Distribution Method
• Developed by Hardy Cross in 1982
• Used to analyze statically indeterminate beams and frames in which
member are primary subjected to bending
• Although this method is a deformation method like the slope-
deflection method
• It is an approximate method and, thus, does not require solving
simultaneous equations
• The degree of accuracy of the results obtained by the method of
moment distribution depends on the number of successive
approximations or the iteration process
Stiffness
Stiffness:
Stiffness (K) is defined as the end moment required to produce
a unit rotation at one end of a member while the other end is fixed.
=K
Stiffness
b) When both ends are hinged
=K
Modified stiffness factor for various end conditions
K= 3EI / L
K= 6EI / L
Carry-Over Factor
Carry over factor (C) :
Carry-over factor is defined as the ration of moment induced at
the fixed end of a member to the moment producing rotation at the
opposite end.
1
Carry-over factor =
2
Distribution factor
• The factor by which the applied moment is distributed to the
member is known as the distribution factor
• Distribution factor is the ratio according to which an externally
applied unbalanced moment M at a joint is apportioned to the
various members mating at the joint
Distribution factor
20 K
1 K/f
A C
B 20 ft
60 ft 20 ft
Solution
Relative Stiffness:
4𝐸𝐼 4𝐸𝐿
KAB= KBA= =
𝐿 60
4𝐸𝐼 4𝐸𝐼
KBC= KCB= =
𝐿 40
Distribution Factor:
DAB= 𝐾 𝐾+𝐾
𝐴𝐵 =0 DBA= 𝐾 𝐾𝐵𝐴
= 0.4
𝐴𝐵 𝑊𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝐵𝐴 +𝐾𝐵𝐶
𝐾𝐵𝐶 𝐾𝐶𝐵
DBC= 𝐾𝐵𝐴 +𝐾𝐵𝐶
= 0.6 DCB= 𝐾𝐶𝐵 +𝐾𝑊𝑎𝑙𝑙
=0
Solution
Fixed End Moment:
𝑊𝐿2 1𝑋602
MFBA= - MFAB = = = 300 K-ft
12 12
𝑃𝐿 20𝑋40
MFCB= - MF BC = = = 100 K-ft
8 8
Solution
Distribution of moment:
Joint A B C Unbalanced by
Member AB BA BC CB 200 K-ft
20 K
1 K/f
A 40 K-ft
220 K-ft 220 K-ft
340 K-ft B C
60 ft 20 ft 20 ft
Solution
220 K-ft 20 K
340 K-ft 220 K-ft 40 K-ft
1 K/f
A C
B B
60 ft 20 ft 20 ft
RB=9 K RB=11 K
RA= 26.33 K RB=33.67 K
Solution
26.33 K 9K
+ +
SFD
- -
11 K
33.67 K
180 K-ft
346.63 K-ft
+ +
BMD - - -
-
40 K-ft
220 K-ft
340 K-ft
Output
• Calculate stiffness factors and distribution factors for various members in a
continuous beam.
• Define unbalanced moment at a rigid joint.
• Compute distribution moment and carry-over moment.
• Derive expressions for distribution moment, carry-over moments.
• Analyze continuous beam by the moment-distribution method
• Draw the free-body diagram of each span of the given beam, showing the loads
and moments at the joints obtained by the moment distribution method.
• Determine the support reactions for each span.
• Compute and construct the shearing force and bending moment diagrams for
each span.
• Draw one bending moment and one shearing force diagram for the given beam
by combining the diagrams
Reference Book