SIMPLIFYING

NUMERICAL
EXPRESSIONS
WHAT IS 15 +3 × 5 – 2 WHEN SIMPLIFIED?

DISREGARDING THE RULES FOR SIMPLIFYING AN EXPRESSION ,

15 + 3 × 5 – 2 YIELDS THREE DIFFERENT ANSWER:

1. 15+3×5-2 = 18×5-2 = 90- 2 = 88

2. 15+3×5-2 = 15×15-2 = 30-3 = 28
3. 15+3×5-2 = 18×5-2= 18-3 = 15

TO GET THE ABSOLUTE ANSWER, YOU MUST FOLLOW THE RULES THAT SPECIFY THE ORDER FOR
CARRYING OUT THE OPERATIONS.

RULES FOR THE ORDER OF EXPRESSION

1 . Simplify first expression inside the grouping symbols, such as parentheses
and brackets, and as indicated by fraction bars.
2. Evaluate all power
3. Perform multiplication or division, whichever occurs first from left to right.
4. Perform addition or subtraction, whichever occurs first from left to right.

BY FOLLOWING THE RULES FOR THE ORDER OF EXPESSION,

THE CORRECT ANSWER FOR 15+3×5-2 IS 28.

EXAMPLE:
1. SIMPLIFY:3×4+(5²+4×2)-9.82.
3×4(5²+4×2)-9.82 = 3×4+(25+8)-9.82
= 3×4+33-9.82
= 12+33-9.82
= 35.18
a. SIMPLIFY :12÷4×7+(3³-7)-4
12÷4×7+(3³-7)-4² = 12÷4×7+(27-7)-4²
=12÷4×7+20-4²
= 12÷4+7+20-16
=3×7+20-16
=21+20-16
=25
 TRANSLATINGVERBAL
PHASES INTO
MATHEMATICAL AND
VICE VERSA
YOU MAY NOT KNOW WHAT NUMBER A VARIABLE STANDS FOR, BUT THE MATHEMATICAL MEANING OF A
VARIABLE EXPRESSION IS CLEAR. HERE ARE DIFFERENT WAYS TO READ SOME EXPRESSION.

1.IN ADDITION ,n+5 CAN BE READ AS:

a. A NUMBER n PLUS 5

b. n INCREASED BY 5

c. THE SUM OF n AND 5

d. 5 MORE THAN A NUMBER n

2. IN SUBTRACTION ,X-Y CAN BE READ AS:

a. Y LESS THAN X

b. X DECREASED BY Y

c. THE DIRFERENCE X AND Y

d. X LESS BY Y

3. IN MULTIPLICATION, 3X CAN BE READ AS:

a. 3 TIMES A NUMBER X

b. THREE MULTIPLIED BY X

c. THE PRODUCT OF 3 AND X

d. THRICE X

TRANSLATING WORDS INTO MATHEMATICAL SYMBOLS IS ESSENTIAL IN SOLVING VERBAL PROBLEMS IN

MATHEMATICS. BELOW ARE SOME OF THE WORDS THAT ARE USED TO INDICATE MATHEMATICAL OPERATIONS.
 ADDITION SUBTRACTION MULTIPLICATION DIVISION

THE SUM OF THE DIFFERENCE BETWEE THE PRODUCT OF THE QUOTIENT OF

INCREASED BY DECREASED BY MULTIPLIED BY DIVIDED BY
PLUS MINUS TIMES THE RATIO OF
MORE THAN LESS THAN TWICE,THRICE HALF OF A NUMBER
ADDED TO SUBTRACTED FROM THE
TOTAL OF DIMINISHED BY

POLYNOMIALS
A POLYNOMIAL IS A ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSION CONSISTING OF ONE OR MORE TERMS CONTAINING VARIABLES
WITH NON NEGATIVE INTEGRAL POWER OF A VARIABLE.

EXAMPLE:

1. -7×⁵
2. 7/8-2b
3. -y⁴+ 6y- 12
4. 5x³y+ x²+ 3y⁴-19

A POLYNOMIAL CAN BE CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO THE NUMBER OF TERMS.

1. MONOMIAL IS A POLYNOMIAL WITH ONE TERM. SOMETIMES, BECAUSE OF THIS DEFINITION , A

MONOMIAL IS SIMPLIFY CALLED TERM.
EXAMPLE: -7X⁵
2. BINOMIAL IS A POLYNOMIAL WITH TWO TERMS.
EXAMPLE: 7/8- 2b²
3. TRINOMIAL IS A POLYNOMIAL WITH THREE TERMS
EXAMPLE: -Y⁴+6Y-12
4. MULTINOMIAL IS A POLYNOMIAL WITH FOUR OR MORE TERMS.
EXAMPLE: 5X³Y+ X²+ 3Y⁴ - 19

THE DEGREE OF A MONOMIAL IS THE SUM OF ALL THE EXPONENTS IN THE LITERAL PART OF THE
TERM. THE DEGREE OFF A CONSTANT IS ZERO AND THE CONSTANT ZERO HAS NO DEGREE.

THE DEGREE OF A POLYNOMIAL IS THE HIGHEST DEGREE OF ANY OF ITS TERMS AFTER IT HAS
BEEN SIMPLIFIED.

EXAMPLE:
STATE THE DEGREE OF 2X²y²+ 3x²y + 8xy²-7.
2X²Y² + 3X²Y + 8XY² - 7