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Three Dimensional Geometry: Jeeportal - in
Three Dimensional Geometry: Jeeportal - in
in
2. If A = (x1, y1, z1), B = (x2, y2, z2), the co-ordinates of point which divides AB in the ratio l:m
lx + mx1 ly 2 + my1 lz2 + mz1 ⎞
internally is ⎛⎜ 2 , , ⎟.
⎝ l+m l+m l+m ⎠
3. The co-ordinates of the point which divides AB in the ratio l:m externally is
⎛ lx 2 − mx1 ly 2 − my1 lz2 − mz1 ⎞
⎜ , , ⎟.
⎝ l−m l−m l−m ⎠
x +x y +y z +z
4. Mid point of AB = ⎛⎜ 1 2 , 1 2 , 1 2 ⎞⎟ .
⎝ 2 2 2 ⎠
6. The centroid of the tetrahedron formed by the points (x1, y1, z1), (x2, y2, z2), (x3, y3, z3) and
⎛ x1 + x 2 + x 3 + x 4 y 1 + y 2 + y 3 + y 4 z1 + z 2 + z 3 + z 4 ⎞
(x4, y4, z4) is ⎜⎜ , , ⎟⎟ .
⎝ 4 4 4 ⎠
7. The line segment joining (x1, y1, z1) and (x2, y2, z2) is divided by
i) YZ plane in the ratio x1:x2
ii) ZX plane in the ratio y1:y2
iii) XY plane in the ratio z1:z2
8. If A = (x1, y1, z1), B = (x2, y2, z2), P = (x3, y3, z3) are the vertices of a triangle and BC = a, CA = b,
ax + bx 2 + cx 3 ay1 + by 2 + cy 3 az1 + bz 2 + cz3 ⎞
AB = c, then the incentre of the triangle ABC is ⎛⎜ 1 , , ⎟.
⎝ a+b+c a+b+c a+b+c ⎠
9. If a directed line (ray) makes angle α, β, γ with positive directions of the axes of x,y and z
respectively the cosα, cosα, cosγ are called the direction cosines (d.c’s) of the line and these are
usually denoted by l,m,n.
10. Direction cosines of i) x – axis are (1,0,0) ii) y – axis are (0,1,0) iii) z – axis are (0,0,1)
11. If (l, m, n) are direction cosines of a ling OP and OP = r then the coordinates p are
(lr, mr, nr).
12. If the coordinates of a point P are (x,y, z) and OP=r then the direction Cosines of OP are (x/r, y/r/
z/r).
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Three Dimensional Geometry
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13. If α, β, γ are the angles, made by a line with the positive direction of coordinate axes then cos α +
cos2β + cos2γ = 1
14. If α, β, γ are the angles, made by a directed line with the positive directions of the coordinate axes,
16. Direction ratios of the line joining the points A (x1, y1, z1), B (x2, y2, z2) are (x2–x1, y2–y1, z2– z1).
17. If l1, m1, n1 and l2, m2, n2 are real numbers then
(l12 + m12 + n12) (l22 + m22 + n22) – (l1l2 + m1m2 + n1n2)2 = (m1n2 – m2n1)2 + (n1l2 – n2l1) + (l1m2 –
l2m2)2
18. If (l1, m1,,n1 ) and (l2,,m2,n2) are direction cosines of two lines and θ is an angle between then, then
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Three Dimensional Geometry
26. Angle between any two diagonals of a cube is Cos–1(1/3).
27. Angle between one diagonal of a cube and a diagonal of one face is Cos-1( 2 / 3 ).
28. If l, m, n are d.c.’s of a line then the maximum value of lmn is 1/3 3 .
29. If α, β, γ, δ are angles made by a line with diagonals of a cube, then cos2α + cos2β + cos2γ + cos2δ
= 4/3.