Answers

CHAPTER 3 INTEGRATION
Discovery Activity 1 (Page 82)
∫
3. (a) The graph of function g(x) = f (x) dx is the same as the graph of function f (x).

(b) The graph of function k(x) = ∫ h(x) dx is the same as the graph of function h(x).

(c) The graph of function n(x) = ∫ m(x) dx is the same as the graph of function m(x).
Flash Quiz (Page 83)
1. Find the volume of water in the pail from the rate of water flow from the pipe.
2. Find the distance travelled by an object from the rate of change of distance or speed.
3. Find the area of reproduction of mold from the rate of increase of the area of the mold on the bread.
Self-Exercise 3.1
∫
1. (15x2 + 4) dx = 5x3 + 4x

2. ∫ 24x 2
dx = 8x3
3. (a) dJ = 300t2 + 60t
dt
(b) dJ = 1 500t2 + 300t
dt
= 5(300t2 + 60t)
J = 5(100t3 + 30t2)
= 500t 3 + 150t2
When t = 2, J = 500(2)3 + 150(2)2
= 4 600 litres
Formative Exercise 3.1
dy
1. = 3(3)(2)(2x + 2)2
dx
= 18(2x + 2)2
∫ 18(2x + 2) 2
dx = 3(2x + 2)3
(2 – 3x)(5) – (–3)(5x + 2)
2. f (x) =
(2 – 3x)2
= 16
(2 – 3x)2
∫  f (x) dx = ∫ 16
(2 – 3x)2
dx

= 5x + 2
2 – 3x
dy
3. = 15(x + 2)2
dx
dy
Compare with ,
dx
h = 15 and k = 2
h + k = 15 + 2
= 17

1
 1
∫( )
dy
10 dx
dx = 1 15(x + 2)2 dx
10 ∫
= 1 [5(x + 2)3]
10
(x + 2)3
=
2
When x = 2, the value of 1
dy
10 dx
dx =
2∫( )
(2 + 2)3

= 32
4. f (x) = 3x(2x + 1)2
f (x) = 3(2x + 1)2 + 2(2)(2x + 1)(3x)
= (2x + 1)[3(2x + 1) + 12x]
= (2x + 1)(6x + 3 + 12x)
= (2x + 1)(18x + 3)
= 36x2 + 6x + 18x + 3
= 36x2 + 24x + 3
= 3(12x2 + 8x + 1)
∫ ∫
(12x2 + 3x + 1) dx = 1  f (x) dx
3
= 1
3 ∫
f (x) dx

af(x) = 1  f(x)
3
a= 1
3
5. (a) dA = 200t + 150t2
dt

When t = 5, dA = 200(5) + 150(5)2
dt
= 4 750
The rate of daily profit from the sale of the bus tickets for company K is RM4 750.
(b) The daily profit function from the sale of the bus tickets for company H

∫
= 30t2 + 40t dt

∫
= 1   200t + 150t2 dt
5
= 1 [100t2 + 50t3]
5
= 20t2 + 10t3
Hence, the profit of company K is five times the profit of company H.
Discovery Activity 2 (Page 85)
Case 1

Function f (x) ∫ f (x) dx

f (x) = 2x + c 2 2x + c
f (x) = 3x + c
 
3 3x + c
f (x) = 0.5x + c 0.5 0.5x + c
f (x) = –7x + c
 
–7 –7x + c
f (x) = – 4x + c
 
– 4 – 4x + c

∫
Hence, a dx = ax + c.

2
Case 2

Function f (x) ∫ f (x) dx Pattern

f (x) = 2x2 + c 4x 4x2 + c = 2x2 + c 4x1 + 1 + c

f (x) = 2x3 + c
f (x) = 2x4 + c
f (x) = 2x5 + c
f (x) = 2x6 + c
∫
Hence, axn dx = ax .
n+1
2 1+1
6x2 6x3 + c = 2x3 + c 6x2 + 1 + c
3 2+1
8x3 8x4 + c = 2x4 + c 8x3 + 1 + c
4 3+1
10x4 10x5 + c = 2x5 + c 10x4 + 1 + c
5 4+1
12x5 12x6 + c = 2x6 + c 12x5 + 1 + c
6 5+1

n+1
Flash Quiz (Page 86)

∫
(a) dx = 1 dx ∫
= x + c

∫
(b) 0 dx = 0 +c
= c
1 x2 + c if x > 0
∫
(c)  x  dx =
2
1 x2 + c if x , 0
– 
2
Discussion (Page 87)
Even though the integration of a function which consists of addition or subtraction contains many constant of
integration, the sum of all the constants is also a constant. Hence, the integral of a function which has algebraic terms
add or subtract together is represented by a single constant only.
Self-Exercise 3.2
∫
1. (a) 2 dx = 2x + c

(b) ∫ 5 dx = 5  x + c
6 6
(c) ∫ –2 dx = –2x + c
(d) ∫ π dx = π  x + c
3 3
2. (a) ∫ 3x dx = 3x + c
3
2
3
= x3 + c
∫
(b) 4  x3 dx = 4 x + c ( )
4

3 3 4
= x +c
4

3
∫
(c) –x dx = – x + c
2

2
∫ ∫
(d) –  22 dx = –2x –2 dx
x
= –2x  + c
–1

–1
= 2 +c
x

3
 (e) ∫ x33 ∫
dx = 3x –3 dx
= 3x  + c
–2

–2
= –  3 2 + c
2x
∫ ∫
1
(f) 3! x dx = 3x 2 dx
3

= 3x + c
2

3
2
3
= 2x 2 + c
= 2! x3 + c

∫ ∫
1
2 dx = 2x – 3 dx
(g)
3
! x 2

= 2x + c
3

2
3
2
= 3x 3 + c
= 33! x2 + c

∫ (– ! x3 ) ∫
3 – 3
(h) dx = –27x  2 dx
– 1
= –27x + c
2

–  1
2
= 54 +c
! x

∫
3. (a) 2x + 3 dx = 2x + 3x + c
2

2
= x2 + 3x + c
∫
(b) 4x2 + 5x dx = 4x + 5x + c
3 2

3 2
= 4 x3 + 5 x2 + c
3 2
1
∫ x + 5x – 2 dx =   x + 5x – 2x + c
1
( )
4 2
(c) 3
2 2 4 2
= 1 x4 + 5 x2 – 2x + c
8 2
3
∫
(d) 2 + 4x – 2 dx = 3x  + 4x – 2 dx
x
–2
∫
= 3x + 4x – 2x + c
 –1 2

–1 2
= – 3 + 2x2 – 2x + c
x
∫
4. (a) (x + 2)(x – 4) dx = x2 + 2x – 4x – 8 dx ∫
=∫x 2
– 2x – 8 dx
= x – 2x – 8x + c
23

3 2
= x – x2 – 8x + c
3

3
∫
(b) x2(3x2 + 5x) dx = 3x4 + 5x3 dx ∫
= 3x + 5x4 + c
5

5 4
= 3 x5 + 5 x4 + c
5 4
4
 ∫ ∫ (5x )
1
(c) (5x2 – 3! x ) dx = 2
– 3x 2 dx
3

= 5x – 3x + c
3 2

3 3
2
3
= 5 x3 – 2x 2 + c
3
= 5 x3 – 2! x3 + c
3
∫ ∫
(d) (5x – 3)2 dx = 25x2 – 30x + 9 dx
= 25x – 30x + 9x + c
3 2

3 2
= 25 x3 – 15x2 + 9x + c
3
∫( )
(e) 5x – 3x dx = 5x – 3 dx ∫
2

x
= 5x – 3x + c
2

2
= 5 x2 – 3x + c
2
∫ (x + ! x ) ∫
3
2
(f) dx = (x2 + 2x 2 + x) dx
5

= x + 2x + x + c
3 2 2

3 5 2
2
5
= 1 x3 + 4 x 2 + 1 x2 + c
3 5 2
Discussion (Page 88)
Cannot. Substitution method can only be used for function in the bracket which is linear only. We need to expand the
function if it is not linear before doing integration.
Self-Exercise 3.3
∫
1. (a) (x – 3)2 dx
Let u = x – 3 and du = 1
dx
∫ (x – 3)2
∫
dx = u2 du

= u +c
3

3
(x – 3)3
= +c
3
(b) Let u = 3x – 5 and du = 3
dx
∫ u
∫
9
(3x – 5) dx =
9
du
3
= u +c
10

30
(3x – 5)10
= +c
30
(c) Let u = 5x – 2 and du = 5
dx
∫ 4u
∫
5
4(5x – 2) dx =
5
du
5
= 4u + c
6

30
= 2 (5x – 2)6 + c
15

5
 (d) Let u = 7x – 3 and du = 7
dx
∫(7x – 3)4
∫
dx = u du
4

3 21
= u 5
+c
105
(7x – 3)5
= +c
105
(e) Let u = 2x – 6 and du = 2
dx
∫ 12
(2x – 6)3
dx = ∫12u–3 du
2
= 6u + c
–2

–2
= –  3 2 + c
(2x – 6)
(f) Let u = 3x – 2 and du = 3
dx
∫ 2
3(3x – 2)2
dx = ∫
2u–2 du
9
= 2u –1
+c
–9
= –  2 +c
9(3x – 2)

∫ (4x + 5) 5
2. (a) (4x + 5)4 dx = +c
5(4)
(4x + 5)5
= + c
20

∫
(b) 2(3x – 2)3 dx =
2(3x – 2)4
4(3)
+c
(3x – 2)4
= +c
6

∫ (5x – 11) 5
(c) (5x – 11)4 dx = +c
5(5)
(5x – 11)5
= +c
25

∫ (3x – 2) (3x – 5)
5 6
(d) dx = +c
5 5(3)(6)
(3x – 5)6
= +c
90
(e) ∫ 5
(6x – 3)6 ∫
dx = 5(6x – 3)–6 dx
5(6x – 3)–5
= +c
–5(6)
= –  1 +c
6(6x – 3)5
(f) ∫ 12
(3x – 5)8 ∫
dx = 12(3x – 5)–8 dx
12(3x – 5)–7
= +c
–7(3)
= –  4 +c
7(3x – 5)7
Self-Exercise 3.4

∫
1. (a) y = 4x – 2 dx
y = 4x – 2x + c
2

2
y = 2x2 – 2x + c …1

6
 Substitute x = –1 and y = 7 into the equation 1:
7 = 2(–1)2 – 2(–1) + c
c=3
∫
(b) y = – 6x – 63 dx
x
∫
y = – 6x – 6x –3 dx
y = – 6x – 6x  + c
2 –2

2 –2
y = –3x2 + 32 + c…1
x
Substitute x = –1 and y = 6 into the equation 1:
6 = –3(–1)2 + 3 2 + c
(–1)
c = 6

∫
2. y = 20x3 – 6x2 – 6 dx
y = 20x – 6x – 6x + c
4 3

4 3
y = 5x4 – 2x3 – 6x + c …1
Substitute x = 1 and y = 2 into the equation 1:
2 = 5(1)4 – 2(1)3 – 6(1) + c
c=5
y = 5x4 – 2x3 – 6x + 5 …2
Substitute x = 1 into the equation 2:
2
y=5 1
2 () () ()
4
–2 1
2
3
–6 1 +5
2
y= 33
16
∫
3. (a) y = 9x2 – 2 dx
y = 9x – 2x + c
3

3
y = 3x3 – 2x + c …1
Substitute point (1, 6) into the equation 1:
6 = 3(1)3 – 2(1) + c
c=5
Equation of the curve is y = 3x3 – 2x + 5
∫
(b) y = 10x – 2 dx

y = 10x – 2x + c
2

2
y = 5x2 – 2x + c …1
Substitute point (2, 13) into the equation 1:
13 = 5(2)2 – 2(2) + c
c = –3
Equation of the curve is y = 5x2 – 2x – 3
∫
(c) y = 24x2 – 5 dx

y = 24x – 5x + c
3

3
y = 8x3 – 5x + c …1
Substitute point (1, 1) into the equation 1:
1 = 8(1)3 – 5(1) + c
c = –2
Equation of the curve is y = 8x3 – 5x – 2

7
 ∫
(d) y = 18x2 + 10x dx

y = 18x + 10x + c
3 2

3 2
y = 6x3 + 5x2 + c …1
Substitute point (–2, –10) into the equation 1:
–10 = 6(–2)3 + 5(–2)2 + c
c = 18
Equation of the curve is y = 6x3 + 5x2 + 18
Formative Exercise 3.2

2 ∫
1. (a) 1 dx = 1 x + c
2
5
∫ dx = 5x  dx ∫
–3
(b)
3x3 3
= 5x  + c
–2

– 6
= –  5 2 + c
6x
∫ ! x1 ∫
– 1
(c) dx = x  2 dx
1

= x +c
2

1
2
1
= 2x 2 + c
(d) ∫ ( x2 )
– 34 dx = 2x –3 – 3x – 4 dx
x 3 ∫
= 2x  – 3x  + c
–2 –3

–2 –3
= –  12 + 13 + c
x x
∫
5x – 3x
∫
2 3
2. (a) dx = 5x – 3x2 dx
x
= 5x – 3x + c
2 3

2 3
= 5 x2 – x3 + c
2
∫
(b) 6x + 22x dx = 3x + 1 dx ∫
3 2

2x
= 3x + x + c
2

2
= 3 x2 + x + c
2

∫
(c) (5 – 6x)3 dx =
(5 – 6x)4
–24
+c
(5 – 6x)4
= –  + c
24

∫ ∫
1
(d)  1 – 
dx = (5 – 2x) 4 dx
! 5 – 2x 4
3
(5 – 2x) 4
= +c
3 (–2)
4 ( )
3
2(5 – 2x) 4
= –  +c
3

8
 dy p
3. = 10x + 2 …1
dx x
dy
Substitute = 20 1 and x = 2 into the equation 1:
dx 2
41 = 10(2) + p
2 (2)2
p=2

∫
y = 10x + 22 dx
x
y = ∫ 10x + 2x 
–2
dx

y = 10x + 2x + c
2 –1

2 –1
y = 5x –
2 2 + c …2
x
Substitute y = 19 and x = 2 into the equation 2:
19 = 5(2)2 – 2 + c
2
c = 0
y = 5x2 – 2 …3
x
Substitute x = –2 into the equation 3:
y = 5(–2)2 – 2
–2
= 21
∫
4. (a) y = 4x3 – 15x2 + 6 dx

y = 4x – 15x + 6x + c
4 3

4 3
y = x4 – 5x3 + 6x + c …1
Substitute x = 3 and y = –20 into the equation 1:
–20 = (3)4 – 5(3)3 + 6(3) + c
c = 16
y = x 4 – 5x3 + 6x + 16 …2
Substitute x = –2 into the equation 2:
y = (–2)4 – 5(–2)3 + 6(–2) + 16
y = 60
∫
(b) y = 2x + 2 dx
y = 2x + 2x + c
2

2
y = x2 + 2x + c …1
Substitute x = 2 and y = 2 into the equation 1:
2 = (2)2 + 2(2) + c
c = – 6
y = x2 + 2x – 6 …2
Substitute y = – 6 into the equation 2:
– 6 = x2 + 2x – 6
x + 2x = 0
2

x(x + 2) = 0
x = 0 or x = –2

∫
5. y = 3x2 – 8x dx
y = 3x – 8x + c
3 2

3 2
y = x3 – 4x2 + c …1

9
 Substitute point (1, –1) into the equation 1:
–1 = (1)3 – 4(1)2 + c
c = 2
Equation of the curve is y = x3 – 4x2 + 2.
dy
6. = – (6x – 2)
dx
∫
y = 2 – 6x dx
y = 2x – 6x + c
2

2
y = 2x – 3x2 + c …1
Substitute point (2, 2) into 1:
2 = 2(2) – 3(2)2 + c
c = 10
Hence, y = 2x – 3x2 + 10
dy
7. = ax + b
dx
dy
At point (–2, 8), = –7
dx
a(–2) + b = –7
–2a + b = –7 …1
dy
At point (0, 6), =5
dx
a(0) + b = 5
b = 5
Substitute b = 5 into 1,
–2a + 5 = –7
–2a = –12
a=6
y = 6x + 5 dx ∫
= 6x + 5x + c
2

2
= 3x2 + 5x + c …2
Substitute point (–2, 8) into 2:
8 = 3(–2)2 + 5(–2) + c
c = 8 – 12 + 10
=6
Hence, the equation of the curve is y = 3x2 + 5x + 6.
8. s = 10t – 2 dt ∫
s = 10t – 2t + c
2

2
s = 5t2 – 2t + c …1
Substitute s = 8 and t = 1 into 1:
8 = 5(1)2 – 2(1) + c
c=5
s = 5t2 – 2t + 5 …2
Substitute t = 3 into 2:
s = 5(3)2 – 2(3) + 5
= 44 m
Flash Quiz (Page 92)
∫ 1 dx = [x]1
2
(a)
2
1

=2–1
=1

10
 ∫
2
(b) 1
0 dx = 0
Discovery Activity 3 (Page 93)
4.

∫  2 3x ∫  2 3x
2 6
2
dx 2
dx

∫  2 3x ∫2
3    3x2 dx
6 6
2
dx

∫  2 3(3x ) dx ∫  2 3x ∫  2 6x dx

6 6 6
2 2
dx +

∫  1 3x + ∫   4 3x2 dx ∫6

–     3x2 dx
4 6 2
2
dx

∫  2 (3x
6
2
+ 6x) dx 0

Self-Exercise 3.5
1. (a) ∫x3 dx = x 2
4

2 4
4 4
[ ]
= 4 – 2
4 4

4 4
= 60
∫  ∫ 
4 2 4
(b) 1 2 dx = 1 2x –2 dx
x
= 2x 1
–1
 –1 4
[ ]
= –2 – –  2
 4 1
( ) ( )
1
= –  + 2
2
= 3
2
5
∫ 
(c) 1 (2x + 3x) dx = 2x + 3x 1
2
3
3

2
2 5
[ ]
=
2(5)3 3(5)2
3
+
2
–
3
+[
2(1)3 3(1)2
2 ] [ ]
= 356
3
∫  (
1
) ∫ 
6 6
(d) 2 3 – 2x dx = 2 (x –3 – 2x) dx
x
= x – 2x 2
–2
 –2

2
2 6
[ ]
= – 
1
2(6)2
– 62 – – 
1
[
2(2)2
– 22 ] [ ]
= – 287
9
∫   (3x – ! x ) dx = ∫   (3x – x ) dx
3 3
1
(e)

[ ]
2
1 1

3 3

= 3x – x
2 2

2 3

[ ][ ]
2 1
3 3
3(3) 32 2
3(1)2 12
= – – –
2 3 2 3
2 2
= 9.203
11
 ∫  (x – ! x1 ) dx = ∫  (x – x ) dx
5 5 – 1
(f) 2

[ ]
3 3

1 5

= x – x
2 2

2 1
2 3
= 5
2
2
[– 2! 5 – 3 – 2! 3
2
2
] [ ]
= 6.992

∫  ( )
x3 + x2 dx =
∫ 
4 4
2. (a) x2 + x dx
2 x 2

[
= x + x 2
3
3

2
2 4
]
[
= 4 + 4 – 2 + 2
3
3

2
2

3
3

2
2
] [ ]
= 74
3
∫ ( 5 +x x ) dx = ∫
3 2 3
(b) 1 2 1
5x–2 + 1 dx

= 5x + x 1
–1
–1 3
[ ]
= –  5 + 3 – –  5 + 1
3 [1 ] [ ]
= 16
3

∫ (
(2x + 3)(x – 2)
) ∫
5 5
(c) 1 dx = 1 (2x–2 – x–3 – 6x – 4) dx
x4
= 2x – x – 6x 1
–1
–1 –2

–2 –3
–3 5
[ ]

5 2(5) 5 [
= –  2 + 1 2 + 23 – –  2 + 1 2 + 23
1 2(1) 1 ] [ ]
108
= – 
125

∫  (3x – 4)
[ ]
4 3 4
(d) 3 (3x – 4)2 dx =
9 3

=
[3(4) – 4]3
9 [
–
[3(3) – 4]3
9 ] [ ]
= 43

∫ 3
∫
–1 –1
(e) dx = 3(5 – 3x)–3 dx
–3 (5 – 3x)3 –3

[ 3(5 –63x) ]
–2 –1
=

[ ] [ ]
–3

= 1 – 1
2[5 – 3(–1)]2 2[5 – 3(–3)]2
= 33
6 272
∫  ∫ 
– 1
(f)
0 2 dx =
0
2(3 – 2x) 2
dx

[ ]
–2
! 3 – 2x –2
1 0
= –2(3 – 2x) 2
–2

[
= –2[3 – 2(0)] 2 – –2[3 – 2(–2)] 2
1
] [ 1
]
= 1.827
∫  ∫ 
2 5
3. (a) 5
f (x) dx = –  2
f (x) dx
= –3

12
 ∫ 
1 f (x) dx = 1   5 f (x) dx
∫ 
5
(b)
2 2 2 2
1
= (3)
2
= 3
2
∫  ∫  ∫ 
5 5 5
(c) 2
[3f (x) – 2] dx = 3  2
f (x) dx – 2
2 dx
= 3(3) – [2x] 2
5

= 9 – [2(5) – 2(2)]
=3
∫  ∫  ∫ 
7 7 7
4. (a) 3
[ f (x) + k(x)] dx = 3
f (x) dx + 3
k(x) dx
=5+7
= 12
∫  ∫  ∫  ∫ 
5 5 5 7
(b) 3 f (x) dx – 7
f (x) dx = 3 f (x) dx + 5
f (x) dx

= ∫ 
7
3
f (x) dx
= 5
∫   ∫   ∫  
7 7 7
(c) [ f (x) + 2x] dx = f (x) dx + 2x dx

[ ]
3 3 3

= 5 + 2x
2 7

2 3
= 5 + [72 – 32]
= 45
Discovery Activity 4 (Page 95)
4.
Number of Sum of the areas of the rectangles Area of the region under
rectangles, n under the curve the actual curve
1 54
2 54
3 50
4 47
5 45
6 4 4
7 43
8 42
9 42
10 41
36
11 41
12 40
13 40
14 40
15 39
16 39
17 39
18 39
19 39
20 39
13
Discussion (Page 96)
We divide the area under a curve into n trapeziums.
Thus, there are (n + 1) vertical lines that form the boundaries for each trapezium.
Width of each trapezium = b – a
n

n(
Area of the first trapezium = b – a )( y +2 y )
1 2

Then,
∫ 
b
f (x) dx = Total area under the curve

( )[ ]
a
y + y2 y + y3 y + y4 y + yn + 1
= b – a 1 + 2 + 3 +…+ n
n 2 2 2 2
Discovery Activity 5 (Page 97)
6.
Integral Integral value Location of the region

∫  1  x3 dx 625
5

0 3 12 Above the x-axis

∫   1  x3 dx – 625

0

–5 3 12 Below the x-axis

Discovery Activity 6 (Page 99)

6.
Integral Integral value Location of the region

∫ 
5
1

0
y dy
3
6.412 On the right side of y-axis

∫  
0
1

–5
y 3 dy – 6.412 On the left side of y-axis

Discussion (Page 103)

The area below the straight line y = x + 2 bounded by x = –2 and x = 3 can be found by using the area of the triangle
formula.
Area of triangle = 1 × 5 × 5 y
2
= 25 units2
2
∫
y=x+2
Hence, area of the region A = –2 (–x2 + 2x + 8) dx – 25
3

2 5

3 [
= –  x + x2 + 8x –2 – 25
3 3

2 ] 5 units

([ ] [ ])
A
(–2)
= –  3 + 32 + 8(3) – –  + (–2)3 + 8(–2) – 25
3 3
x
3 3 2 –2 O 3
= 100 – 25 5 units
3 2
= 125 units2
6
Self-Exercise 3.6
∫
3
1. (a) Area of the shaded region = 0
3x – x2 + 2 dx

[
= 3x – x + 2x 0
2
2

3
3 3
]
= [
3(3)2 33
2
–
3
+ 2(3) –
2 ] [
3(0)2 03
–
3
+ 2(0) ]
= 21 units2
2

14
 ∫ 1 x2 dx
2
(b) Area of the shaded region = –3 2

6[ ]
= x –3
3 2

[ ] [ ]
= 2 –
6
3 (–3)3
6
= 35 units 2
6
∫
1
(c) Area of the shaded region = –2
y2 + y – 6 dy

[ y3 + y2 – 6y]
3 2 1
=

[ ] [ ]
–2

(–2)3 (–2)2
= 1 + 1 – 6(1) –
3 2
+ – 6(–2)
3 2 3 2
= – 33
2
= 33 units2
2
2. (a) At the x-axis, y = 0
–x(x + 3)(x – 4) = 0
x = 0 or x = –3 or x = 4

∫   –x(x + 3)(x – 4) dx  + ∫  –x(x + 3)(x – 4) dx

0 4
Area of the shaded region = –2 0

= ∫   –x + x + 12x dx  + ∫  –x + x + 12x dx

0 4
–2
3 2
0
3 2

= [– x + x + 12x ]  + [– x + x + 12x ]

4 3 2 0 4 3 2 4

4 3 2 4 3 2–2 0

[
= –  0 + 0 + 6(0)2 – – 
(–2) (–2)
] [ ] 
4 3 4 3
+ + 6(–2)2
4 3 4 3
– –  4 + 4 + 6(4)2 – –  0 + 0 + 6(0)2
4
4
{[3
3

4
4

3
3
] [ ]}
=  –  52   + 160
3 3
= 212 units 2
3
(b) y = x2 – 4x + 5 …1
y = –2x + 5 …2
Substitute 1 into 2:
x2 – 4x + 5 = –2x + 5
x2 – 2x = 0
x(x – 2) = 0
x = 0 or x = 2
∫   ∫ 
2 2
Area of the shaded region = 0
(–2x + 5) dx – 0
(x2 – 4x + 5) dx

[
= – 2x + 5x 0 – x – 4x + 5x 0
2
2 2

3
3

2
2
] [
2
]
= {[–(2)2 + 5(2)] – [–(0)2 + 5(0)]} – {[ 23 – 2(2) + 5(2)] – [ 03 – 2(0) + 5(0)]}
3
2
3
2

= 4 units2
3
(c) y2 = 5x …1
x = –2y …2
Substitute 2 into 1:
y2 = 5(–2y)
y2 = –10y
y2 + 10y = 0

y(y + 10) = 0
y = 0 or y = –10
15
 ∫   ∫   ( y5 ) dy
0 0 2
Area of the shaded region = –10
(–2y) dy – –10

[ 2y2
] – [ 15y ]
0 3 0
= – 
2 –10 –10

{[ 150 ] – [(–10)
15 ]}
3 3
= {[–(0)2] – [–(–10)2]} –
= 100 units2
3
3. (a)
y
y = –x3 – x2

x
–1 O 1

y = –x – x2
–2

Area of the region between the two curves
∫   ∫   ∫   ∫  
0 0 1 1
= –1
–x – x2 dx +  –1
–x3 – x2 dx  +   0
–x – x2 dx  – 0
–x3 – x2 dx 

[ 2 ] + [– x4 – x3 ]  +  [– x2 – x3 ]   + [– x4 – x3 ] 

= – x – x
2

3
3 0

–1
4 3 0

–1
2 3 1

0
4 3 1

= {[–  0 – 0 ] – [– 
3 ]} {[ 4
+ –  0 – 0 ] – [– 
3 ]} 
(–1)
2 (–1)
3 2
(–1) (–1) 3 4 3 4 3
– –
2 3 2 3 4
+  [–  1 – 1 ] – [–  0 – 0 ]  –  [–  1 – 1 ] – [–  0 – 0 ] 
2 3 2 3 4 3 4 3

2 3 2 3 4 3 4 3
= 1 + 1 + 5 + 7
6 12 6 12
= 5 units2
3
(b) y = x2 – 4x …1
y = 2x – x2 …2
Substitute 1 into 2:
x2 – 4x = 2x – x2
2x2 – 6x = 0
2(x)(x – 3) = 0
x = 0 or x = 3

y = 2x – x2

x
O 2 3 4

y = x2 – 4x
–3

16
 Area of the region between the two curves
∫   ∫   ∫  
2 3 3
= 0
(2x – x2) dx +  0
x2 – 4x dx  –   2
(2x – x2) dx 

[ 2 ] + [ x3 – 4x2 ]  – [ 2x2 – x3 ] 
= 2x – x
2

3
3 2

0
3 2 3

0
2 3 3

= {[2 – 2 ] – [0 – 0 ]} + {[ 3 – 2(3) ] – [ 0 – 2(0) ]}  –  {[3 – 3 ] – [2 – 2 ]} 

3 3 3 3 3 3
2 2 2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3 3 3
= 4 + 9 – 4
3 3
= 9 units2
Discussion (Page 108)
(a) Cone
(b) Cylinder
Self-Exercise 3.7
∫  
2
1. (a) Generated volume = 0
π(–x2 + 3x)2 dx

∫  
2
=π (x4 – 6x3 + 9x2) dx

[ ]
0

= π  x – 6x + 9x 0
4 3 2 5

5 4 3
= π  2 –
5
5 3(2)4
2 {[
+ 3(2)3 – 0 –
5
5 3(0)4
2
+ 3(0)3 ] [ ]}
= 32  π units3
5
6
(b) Generated volume = 0 π 
6–y
2 ∫  
dy ( )
y
∫   ( )
6
=π 0 3– dy
2
= π  3y –
y2 6
4 0 [ ]
= π  3(6) – 6 – 3(0) – 0
4
2
{[ 4
2
] [ ]}
= 9π units 3

∫   ( y4 ) dy
2 2 2
2. Generated volume = 0
π  – 

= π ∫   ( ) dy
y 2 4

16 0

= π [ ]
y 2 5

80 0

 [
=π 2 – 0
5

80 80
5
]
= 2 π units3
5
∫   π(5 – x) dx – ∫   π(–x + 4) dx
5 2
3. Generated volume = 0
2
0
2 2

= π ∫   (25 – 10x + x ) dx – π ∫   (x – 8x

5 2
0
2
0
4 2
+ 16) dx

[ ] – π [ x5 – 8x3 + 16x]

= π  25x – 10x + x
2
2

3
3 5

0
5 3 2

= π {[25(5) – 5(5) + 5 ] – [25(0) – 5(0) + 0 ]}

3 3
2 2
3 3
– π {[ 2 – + 16(2)] – [ 0 – + 16(0)]}
8(2) 8(0) 5 3 5 3

5 3 5 3
= 125  π – 256  π
3 15
= 123  π units3
5
17
 4. (a) y2 = 4 – x …1
y = x – 2 …2
Substitute 1 into 2:
(x – 2)2 = 4 – x
x2 – 4x + 4 = 4 – x
x2 – 3x = 0
x(x – 3) = 0
x = 0 or x = 3
x = 0, y = 0 – 2
= –2
Hence, A(0, –2)
(b) x = 3, y = 3 – 2
= 1
Hence, B(3, 1)
∫  ∫ 
1 1
(c) Generated volume = –2 π(4 – y2)2 dy – –2
π(y + 2)2 dy

∫  ∫ 
1 1
= π  –2
(16 – 8y2 + y4) dy – π  –2
(y2 + 4y + 4) dy

[ 8y3 + y5 ] – π [ y3 – 4y2 + 4y]

3 5 1 3 2 1
= π  16y – –2 –2

= π {[16(1) – + 1 ] – [16(–2) –
5 ]}
8(1) 8(–2) (–2) 3 5 3 5
+
3 5 3
– π {[ 1 + + 4(1)] – [ + 4(–2)]}
4(1) (–2) 4(–2) 3 2 3 2
–
3 2 3 2
= 108  π units3
5
Formative Exercise 3.3

∫  [ (2 ––6x) ]
3 6 3
1. (a) –1
(2 – x)5 dx =   –1

= {–  } – {– [2 – 6(–1)] }

[2 – 3] 6 6

6
= 364
3
∫  8x – 6x2 + 8 dx =
∫  (6x + 4)(2 – x)
2 2
(b) dx
–3 2–x –3 2–x
= ∫ 
2
–3
6x + 4 dx

2
2
[
= 6x + 4x –3
2
]
= [3(2)2 + 4(2)] – [3(–3)2 + 4(–3)]
=5
∫  ∫ 
3 3
(c) –2 2x2(x2 – x) dx = –2 2x4 – 2x3 dx

= 2x – 2x
5
5
[4 3

4 –2 ]
=
5
– [
2(3)5 2(3)4
4
–
2(–2)5 2(–2)4
5
–
4 ] [ ]
= 155
2
∫   ∫  
2. (a) 3 1  f (x) dx + 2 3g(x) dx = – 1   0 f (x) dx + 3 2 g(x) dx ∫   ∫  
0 5 3 5

2 2
= – 1  (2) + 3(7)
2
= –1 + 21
= 20

18
 ∫   ∫   ∫   ∫   ∫  
3 7 3 3 7
(b) 1
[ k(x) – 3] dx + 3
k(x) dx = 1
k(x) dx – 1
3 dx + 3
k(x) dx

= ∫   k(x) dx – ∫  

7 3
1 1
3 dx
= 10 – [3x]1
3

= 10 – [3(3) – 3(1)]
= 10 – 6
= 4
∫  
(x2 + hx – 5) dx = 28 1
4
3. 1 2
3 2 1
[
x3 + hx2 – 5x 4 = 57
2 ]
[ ] [
43 + h(4) – 5(4) – 13 + h(1) – 5(1) = 57
]
2 2

3 2 3 2 2
15 h + 6 = 57
2 2
h=3
4. (a) Equation of HK is y = –x + 2
y = –x + 2 …1
y = x2 …2
Substitute 2 into 1:
x2 = –x + 2
x2 + x – 2 = 0
(x – 1)(x + 2) = 0
x = 1 or x = –2
x = 1, y = –1 + 2
=1
º The point K is (1, 1)

∫   (y) ∫   (–y + 2) dy

4
1 2
(b) Area of region P = 2
dy –

[]
1 1

[ ]
3 4
y 2
y2 2
= – –  + 2y
3 2 1

{[ ] [ ]}
2 1

{[– 22 + 2(2)] – [– 12 + 2(1)]}

3 3
2(4) 2 2(1) 2 2 2
=  – –
3 3
= 14 – 1
3 2
= 25 units2
6

∫   (y) ∫   (–y + 2) dy

1
1 2
Area of region Q = 2
dy +

[]
0 1

[ ]
3 1
y 2
y2 2
= + –  + 2y
3 2 1

{[ ] [ ]}
2 0

{[– 22 + 2(2)] – [– 12 + 2(1)]}

3 3
2(1) 2 2(0) 2 2 2
=  – +
3 3
= 2 + 1
3 2
= 7 units2
6

19
 Area of region P
Ratio of area of region P to area of region Q =
Area of region Q
25
= 6
7
6
= 25 : 7
5. (a)

y
y = 6x + x2
x
–6 O

(–3, –9)

dy
(b) = 6 + 2x
dx
At the origin (0, 0), equation of the tangent is y – 0 = [6 + 2(0)](x – 0)
y = 6x
At x = 2, y = 6(2) + (2)2
= 16
At point (2, 16), equation of the tangent is y – 16 = [6 + 2(2)](x – 2)
y = 10x – 20 + 16
y = 10x – 4
(c) 6x = 10x – 4
– 4x = – 4
x = 1
x = 1, y = 6(1)
=6
The point A is (1, 6)
6x + x2 = 10x – 4
x2 – 4x + 4 = 0
(x – 2)(x – 2) = 0
x=2
At x = 2, y = 10(2) – 4
= 16
The point B is (2, 16)

∫   ∫   ∫  

2 1 2
Area of the region between the tangent and the curve = 0
6x + x2 dx – 0
6x dx – 1
10x – 4 dx

[
= 6x + x
2
2

3
3
] – [ 6x2 ] – [10x2 – 4x]
2

0
2 1

0
2 2

= {[3(2) + 2 ] – [3(0) + 0 ]}
3 3
2 2
3 3
– [3(1)2 – 3(0)2] – {[5(2)2 – 4(2)] – [5(1)2 – 4(1)]}
= 2 unit2
3
6. At x = 1, y = 12 + 2
=3
At x = 2, y = 22 + 2
=6

20
 ∫  
6
Generated volume = π (y – 2) dy

[ y2 – 2y]
3
2 6
= π  3

= π {[ 6 – 2(6)] – [ 3 – 2(3)]}

2 2

2 2
= 15  π units3
dy 2
7. (a) = 2x
dx
dy
x = 1, = 2(1)
dx
=2
y – 5 = 2(x – 1)
y = 2x – 2 + 5
y = 2x + 3
º The point Q is (0, 3)
∫   ∫  
1 1
(b) Area of the shaded region = 0
x2 + 4 dx – 0
(2x + 3) dx

3 [
= x + 4x 0 – 2x + 3x 0
3 1

2
2 1
] [ ]

3 {[
= 1 + 4(1) – 0 + 4(0)
3

3
3
] [ ]} – {[1 + 3(1)] – [0 + 3(0)]}
2 2

= 1 unit2
3

∫   π (y – 4) dy
8
(c) Generated volume = 4

= π∫   (y – 4) dy
8
4

[ y2 – 4y]
2 8
= π  4

= π {[ 8 – 4(8)] – [ 4 – 4(4)]}

2 2

2 2
= 8π units3
8. (a) x = 6 – y …1
2

3y = 8 + 2x …2
Substitute 1 into 2:
3y = 8 + 2(6 – y2)
3y = 8 + 12 – 2y2
2y2 + 3y – 20 = 0
(2y – 5)(y + 4) = 0
y = 5 or y = – 4
2
From the diagram, y = 5 , x = 6 – 5
2 2 ( ) 2

= – 1
4
( )
So, A –  1 , 5
4 2
(b) x = 0, 3y = 8
y = 8
3
x = 0, 0 = 6 – y2
y2 = 6
y = ±! 6
y = ! 6

21
 ∫  ( 23 x + 83 ) dx – ∫ 
0 0
Area of region Q = –1 –1
! 6 – x dx
 4  4

= 31 – 0.619
48
= 0.027 unit2

∫ 
0
(c) Generated volume by region P = –1
π (6 – x) dx
 4

∫  (6 – x) dx
0
= π  –1
 4

= π [6x – x ]
2 0

2 –1

{[ [ ]}
 4

(–  14 )
] ( )
2

= π  6(0) – 0 – 6 –  1 –
2

2 4 2
= 49  π units3
32
Self-Exercise 3.8
1. (a) Sketch the food cover on the Cartesian plane:
y

x
–50 O 50

–50
(–50, –50) (50, –50)

Substitute the point (50, –50):
–50 = –k(50)2
k = 1
50
∫  
0
(b) Interior volume = –50 π (–50y) dy

= π  –  [
50y2 0
2 –50 ]
= π{[–25(0)2] – [–25(50)2)]}
= 62 500π cm3
2. (a) S(t) = A  (20 – t)
1 000
∫   48 000  (20 – t) dt
7
Amount of depreciation after 7 years = 0 1 000
= ∫  
7

0
960 – 48t dt

[
= 960t – 48t 0
2
2 7
]
= [960(7) – 24(7)2] – [960(0) – 24(0)2]
= RM5 544
The price of the car after 7 years = RM48 000 – RM5 544
= RM42 456

22
 ∫   88 500  (20 – t) dt
5
(b) Amount of depreciation after 5 years =
1 000 0

= ∫   770 – 177t dt

5
1
0 2
[
= 1 770t – 177t 0
4
2 5
]
[
= 1 770(5) –
177(5)2
4
– 1 770(0) –
4 ] [
177(0)2
]
= RM7 743.75
Percentage of depreciation = 7 743.75   × 100%
88 500
= 8.75%
Formative Exercise 3.4
1. Given dh   = 5 cm min–1 and dV = 3  t – 6
dt dh 5
dV = dV × dh
dt dh dt
(
= 3  t – 6 × 5
5 )
= 3t – 30
∫  
30
Volume of oil leaked out from the tank = 0
3t – 30 dt

2
2
[
= 3t – 30t 0
30
]
[
= 3 (30)2 – 30(30) – 3 (0)2 – 30(0)
2 2 ] [ ]
= 450 cm3

∫  
2.8
2. Internal volume generated by the function = 0
π (44.8 – 16y) dy
= 197.0407

∫  
3
External volume generated by the function = 0
π (60 – 20y) dy
= 282.7433
Volume of the plastic filament used to make 20 machine covers
= (282.7433 – 197.0407) × 20
= 1 714.052 cm3
The estimated cost of the plastic filament used to make 20 machine covers
= 1 714.052 × RM0.07
= RM119.98

[
3. (a) dK = 50 1 + 300 2
dt (t + 25) ]
dK = 50 + 15 000
dt (t + 25)2
∫  50 + 15 0002 dt
5
Number of machines produced after 5 years = 0 (t + 25)
= ∫ 
5

0
50 + 15 000(t + 25)–2 dt

[ 15 000(t–1+ 25) ]
–1 5
= 50t + 0

= [50(5) – 15 000 ] – [50(0) – 15 000 ]

(5 + 25) (0 + 25)
= 350

23
 ∫  50 + 15 0002 dt
6
(b) Number of machines produced after 6 years = 0 (t + 25)
= ∫ 
6

0
50 + 15 000(t + 25)–2 dt

[ 15 000(t–1+ 25) ]
–1 6
= 50t + 0

= [50(6) – 15 000 ] – [50(0) – 15 000 ]

(6 + 25) (0 + 25)
= 416.129
≈ 416
Number of machines produced in the 6th year = 416 – 350
= 66
Summative Exercise
∫
1. (a) x(x – 2)(x + 3) dx = x3 + x2 – 6x dx ∫
= x + x – 6x + c
4 3 2

4 3 2
= 1 x4 + 1 x3 – 3x2 + c
4 3
(b) ∫ (2x 2– 3) 3 ∫
dx = 2(2x – 3)–3 dx
2(2x – 3)–2
= +c
2(–2)
= –  1 +c
2(2x – 3)2
2. (a) ∫ (3x 2– 2) n ∫
dx = 2(3x – 2)–n dx
2(3x – 2)–n + 1
= +c
3(–n + 1)
= 2 (3x – 2)–n + 1 + c
(3 – 3n)
Compare with a(3x – 2)–2 + c:
–n + 1 = –2
n = 3
a= 2
3 – 3(3)
a = – 1
3
(b) 1
3
∫  8
(3x – 2)3
dx = 4 –  1
[ 3

3(3x – 2)2 1 ]
= 4  –  1
[{
3[3(3) – 2]2
– –  1
} {
3[3(1) – 2]2 }]
= 64
49
dy 3(2)(2)(2x + 1)(5x – 1) – (5)[3(2x + 1)2]
3. =
dx (5x – 1)2
= 60x – 24x –2 27
2

(5x – 1)
3(20x2 – 8x – 9)
=
(5x – 1)2

∫ 
3(20x2 – 8x – 9)
4

1(5x – 1)2
dx =
3(2x + 1)2 4
5x – 1 1 [ ]
=
3[2(4) + 1]2
5(4) – 1
– [
3[2(1) + 1]2
5(1) – 1 ] [ ]
= 459
76

24
 ∫
4. f (x) = 2x2 + 5x – r dx

f (x) = 2x + 5x – rx + c
3 2

3 2
f (1) = 14
2(1)3 5(1)2
+ – r(1) + c = 14
3 2
2 + 5 – r + c = 14
3 2
r = 2 + 5 – 14 + c
3 2
r = c – 65 …1
6
f (–2) = –16
2(–2)3 5(–2)2
+ – r(–2) + c = –16
3 2
–  16 + 10 + 2r + c = –16
3
2r + c = –16 + 16 – 10
3
2r + c = – 62 …2
3
Substitute 1 into 2:
(
2 c – 65 + c = – 62
6 3 )
c = 1
3
r = 1 – 65
3 6
= – 21
2
∫  ∫  ∫  ∫ 
2 2 2 4
5. (a) 0
f (x) dx – 4
f (x) dx = 0
f (x) dx + 2
f (x) dx

= ∫ 
4
0
f (x) dx
=4
∫  ∫ 
4 v
(b) 0
f (x) dx + 1
[g(x) + x] dx = 19

∫  ∫  ∫ 
4 v v
0
f (x) dx + 1
g(x) dx + 1
x dx = 19

4+3+ x 1=
2
2 v
[ ] 19

7+ v – 1 =
2
19
2 2
v2 = 25
2 2
v2 = 25
v= 5 or v = –5
Hence, v = 5 (. 1)
6. dV = 10t + 3
dt
∫
V = 10t + 3 dt
V = 10t + 3t + c
2

2
V = 5t2 + 3t + c
Substitute t = 2 and V = 24 into the function:
24 = 5(2)2 + 3(2) + c
c = –2
V = 5t2 + 3t – 2
When t = 5, V = 5(5)2 + 3(5) – 2
= 138 cm3
25

7. (a) 3y = 4x – 13 …1
x = 2y2 + 2 …2
Substitute 1 into 2:
3y = 4(2y2 + 2) – 13
8y2 – 3y – 5 = 0
(8y + 5)(y – 1) = 0
y = – 5 or y = 1
8
y = 1, x = 2(1)2 + 2
=4
Hence, K(4, 1)
∫ 
1
(b) Area of the shaded region = 0 (2y2 + 2) dy

[ 2y3 + 2y]
3 1
=
0

= [ + 2(1)] – [ ]
2(1) 2(0) 3 3
+ 2(0)
3 3
= 8 units2
3
8. (a) 3x2 + 2x + 4 = (x – 4)2
2x2 + 10x – 12 = 0
2(x – 1)(x + 6) = 0
x = 1 or x = – 6
x = 1, y = (1 – 4)2
=9
The equilibrium point P is (1, 9)
(b) Consumer surplus
∫ 
1
= (x – 4)2 dx – 1 × 9
0

= ∫ 
1
x2 – 8x + 16 dx – 1 × 9
0

[
= x – 8x + 16x – 9
3
3

2
2 1

0
]
= [ 1
3
3
2
3
3
] [
– 4(1) + 16(1) – 0 – 4(0)2 + 16(0) – 9 ]
= 10 units2
3
(c) Producer surplus

∫ 
1
=1×9– (3x2 + 2x + 4) dx
0

3 [
= 9 – 3x + 2x + 4x
3

2
2
] 1

= 9 – {[13 + 12 + 4(1)] – [03 + 02 + 4(0)]}

= 3 units2
3y – 18
9. (a) x = …1
2
4x = 4 – y2 …2
Substitute 1 into 2:
4
2(
3y – 18
)
= 4 – y2
–y2 – 6y + 40 = 0
–(y – 4)(y + 10) = 0
y = 4 or y = –10
3(4) – 18
At y = 4, x =
2
= –3
º P(–3, 4)
26
 (b) At x = 0,
3y = 18 + 2(0)
y = 18
3
y=6
4(0) = 4 – y2
y2 = 4
y = 2 or y = –2
y = 2
Area of shaded region A

 ∫   ∫ 
4 4 – y2 6 3y – 18
=  dy  +  dy 
2 4 4 2

[ ]   [
=   y –
y3 4
12 2
 +
3y2
4
6
]
– 9y  
4

=  [4 – 4 ] – [2 – 2 ] +  [ ] [ 3(4)4 ]

3 3(6)3 2 2
– 9(6) – – 9(4)  
12 12 4
= 17 units2
3
(c) Generated volume of the shaded region B
∫ 
0
= π(4 – 4x) dx
–3

[
= π  4x – 4x
2 0

2 –3 ]
= π{[4(0) – 2(0)2] – [4(–3) – 2(–3)2]}
= 30π units3
10. (a) y = –x2 + 4
dy
= –2x
dx
dy
x = 1, = –2(1)
dx
= –2
y – 3 = –2(x – 1)
y = –2x + 2 + 3
y = –2x + 5
When x = 0, y = 5
When y = 0, –2x + 5 = 0
x= 5
2
5
( )
Hence, P(0, 5), R , 0 and S(0, 4)
2
(b) Area of the shaded region
∫  ∫ 
1 1
= (–2x + 5) dx – (–x2 + 4) dx

[ ] [ ]
0 0

= – 2x + 5x – –  x + 4x
2 1 3 1

2 3
{[– 13 + 4(1)] – [– 03 + 4(0)]}
0 0
3 3
= {[–(1)2 + 5(1)] – [–(0)2 + 5(0)]} –
= 1 unit2
3
∫ 
4
(c) Generated volume = π(4 – y) dy
3

∫ 
4
= π  (4 – y) dy
3

[ y2 ]
2 4
= π  4y –
3

= π {[4(4) – 4 ] – [4(3) – 3 ]}
2 2

2 2
= 1  π units3
2

27
 11. p(2)2 + 6(2) = 24
4p + 12 = 24
4p = 12
p = 3
q = 24(2) – 30
q = 18
12. (a) Area of region P
∫   ∫  
–3 –2
= ! (x + 28) dx + x2 – 4 dx

[ ]
–28 –3

[ ]
3 –3
(x + 28) 2
+ x – 4x
3 –2
=
3 3

[ ]
–3
2

{[ ] [ ]}
–28
3 3
2(–3 + 28) 2 2(–28 + 28) 2 (–2)3 (–3)3
= – + – 4(–2) – – 4(–3)
3 3 3 3
= 250 + 7
3 3
= 257 units2
3
∫  
10
(b) Generated volume = π(y + 4) dy
– 4

∫  
10
= π  y + 4 dy
– 4

[ y2 + 4y]
2 10
= π 
– 4

= π {[ 10 + 4(10)] – [ + 4(– 4)]}

(– 4)
2 2

2 2
= 98π units3
13. (a) Substitute (5, 33) into the function y = 2x2 – 3x + c:
33 = 2(5)2 – 3(5) + c
c = –2
On the x-axis, 2x2 – 3x – 2 = 0
(x – 2)(2x + 1) = 0
x = 2 or x = – 1
2
A(2, 0)
(b) Area of the shaded region
∫  ∫ 
2 5
= (2x2 – 3x – 2) dx  + (2x2 – 3x – 2) dx
0 2

[
=  2x – 3x – 2x   + 2x – 3x – 2x
3
3

2
2 2

0 3
3

2] [
2 5

2
]
=   [
2(2)3 3(2)2
3
–
2
– 2(2) –
2(0)3 3(0)2
3
–
2 ] [
– 2(0)  +
2(5)3 3(5)2
3
–
2
– 2(5) –
3
–]  {[
2(2)3 3(2)2
2
– 2(2) ] [ ]}
= 14 + 81
3 2
= 271 units2
6
π  (2x2 – 3x – 2)2 dx
∫ 
2
(c) Generated volume (180°) =
0 2

= π   (2x2 – 3x – 2)2 dx ∫ 
2

2 0
= π   4x 4 – 12x3 + x2 + 12x + 4 dx ∫ 
2

2 0
= π 4x – 12x + x + 12x + 4x
2 5
5

4
4

3
3

2
2
[ 2

0
]
π 4(2)5 2
{[ 4(0)5
– 3(0)4 + 0 + 6(0)2 + 4(0) ] [ ]}
3 3
= – 3(2) +
4
+ 6(2) + 4(2) –
2
2 5 3 5 3
= 92  π units3
15
28
 14. 30 = a(30)2
a = 1
30
Volume of the container

∫  
30
= π(30y) dy
0

= π  [ ]
30y2 30
2 0
= π{15(30)2 – 15(0)2}
= 42 411.5 cm3
The mass of rice that can be stored = 42 411.5 × 1.182
= 50 130.393 g
= 50.13 kg
15. (a) Volume of the swimming pool

∫ 
5
= (3t 2 + 14t) dt
0

= 3t + 14t
3
3

2
2
[ ] 5

= [53 + 7(5)2] – [03 + 7(0)2]

= 300 m3
(b) Area of the base of the pool × depth of the pool = volume of the pool
Area of the base of the pool = 300
1.2
= 250 m2

Cost to paint the base of the pool = RM250 × 5
= RM1 250
º Mr Razak is not able to paint the base of the pool completely because the amount of money allocated is
less than the actual cost.

29