Motors—Losses, Loads and Operating Costs—SI Version

Course Description: Electric motors, taken together, make up the single largest end use of electricity in many
developed countries. In many developed countries, in industrial applications, electric motors account for roughly
60% of electricity consumption; in the process industries, electric motors can account for more than 70% of
electricity use. The cost of running a motor can be as much as ten times to the purchasing cost of a motor.
Therefore operation of motors represents a huge potential for energy savings. The purpose of this course is to
provide an overview of the energy losses and energy efficiency factors in motors. It will also enable you to make
cost calculations that allow different scenarios to be compared leading to sound energy efficient decisions.

Pre-requisites: Efficient Motor Control in Power Drive Systems

Learning Objectives:
At the completion of this course, you will be able to:
• Identify the ways that motors lose energy
• List the factors that influence the energy efficiency of a motor
• Determine the loading of a motor
• Calculate the operating costs of motor systems

Course Content or Material

1) Introduction

2) What is a motor?
a) Rotating magnetic field
b) Synchronous motor
c) Asynchronous motor
d) Slip
e) Calculating synchronous speed
f) Effects of slip

3) How motors lose energy

a) Power losses
b) Magnetic core losses
c) Friction and windage losses
d) Stray load losses
e) Losses vary with load
f) Determining load
i) Calculating power input
ii) Determining power output
iii) Determining load
iv) Example

4) Types of loads
a) Variable torque loads
b) Constant torque loads
c) Constant power loads

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5) Factors that affect efficiency

6) Understanding operating costs

a) Operating costs fully loaded motor-metric
b) Operating costs partially loaded motor-metric
c) Adequate data

7) Summary

©2013 Schneider Electric. All rights reserved. All trademarks provided are the property of their respective owners.