SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT 2

1. Determine the pressure difference between A and B (kPa) in figure 2. The fluid in the pipe has
specific gravity equal to 'SG'. 'SG' = (last 5 digit of your student number)/10,000 X = (last 5 digit
of your student number)/50 mm For example: Student Number - 201810200 Specific Gravity =
10200/10000 =1.0200

2. What is the absolute pressure in kPa at the bottom of an open 'h'-m high cylindrical tank full of
liquid?
3. An air bubble is observed from the bottom up to the liquid surface. The volume of the bubble at
the surface is 'x' times the volumes at the bottom. Determine the depth of the liquid in meters.
'x' = (last five digit of student number)*1/3,000 'Specific Gravity of liquid' = (last 5 digit of your
student number)/10,000
4. A manometer is attached to a tank as shown in the figure. Determine the total height of the
liquid (meters) with specific gravity of 'SG' inside the tank. (5) From No.4, determine the
absolute pressure at the bottom of the tank in kPa 'SG of liquid inside the tank' = (last 5 digit of
your student number)*9/100,000 'SG of manometric fluid' = (last 5 digit of your student
number)*39/100,000
6. From the figure shown, determine the absolute pressure at A in bar abs (7) From the figure
shown, determine the absolute pressure at G in kPa
'SG of liquid inside the tank' = (last 5 digit of your student number)*9/100,000 'SG of
manometric fluid' = (last 5 digit of your student number)*39/100,000
8. A cylindrical tank having a diameter of 1.5m and a height of 4m is open at one end and closed at
the other end. It is placed below the liquid surface with its open end down. (8) How deep below
the liquid surface in meters should the tank be placed if the depth of liquid inside is 'x' m. (9)
determine the final gauge pressure in kPa (10) determine the volume of the liquid (cu.m.) inside
the tube when it was immersed in liquid 'x' = (last 5 digits of the student number)*12/100,000 m
SG of the liquid = (last 5 digits of the student number)*9/100,000
SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT 3

1. A vertical square plate with one side equal to 'x' m is immersed in water. The center of pressure
is 'y' cm from the center of gravity. (1) Determine the distance of the centroid from the water
surface in meters. (2) Determine the hydrosatic force on one side of the plate in kPa. x = (last
five digit of student number)/2,000 m y = (last five digit of student number)/360 cm
3. A vertical rectangular plate is submerged half in a certain liquid with certain 'Specific Gravity'
and half in water such that its top edge is flushed with the water surface. What is the ratio of
the force exerted by water acting on the upper half to that force exerted by a certain liquid
acting the lower half? 'Specific Gravity' = (last 5 digit of your student number)/10,000
4. A vat holding a paint (SG=1.4) is 'z' m long and 'y' m deep and has a trapezoidal cross section 'a'
m wide at the bottom and 'b' m wide at the top as shown. The vat is filled with paint. (4)
Compute the force on the inclined side panel in kPa (5) Compute the force at the bottom of the
vat in kPa (6) Compute the force on the trapezoidal end panel in kPa
7. The crest gate shown consists of cylindrical surface of which AB is the trace, supported by a
structural frame hinged at C. The length of the gate is 9 m. (7) Compute the vertical hydrostatic
force acting on AB in kPa (8) Compute the horizontal hydrostatic force acting on AB in kPa (9)
Compute the total hydrostatic force acting on AB in kPa
10. The 'D' ft diameter cylinder made of concrete (SG=2.45). and is 'L' ft long as shown. Compute the
vertical reaction at B in psf 'D' = (last 5 digits of the student number)*3/1,250 ft 'L' = (last 5 digits
of the student number)*1/1125 ft
SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT 4

A dam with triangular cross section is designed to have a factor of safety against sliding of 2.5. Unit
weight of concrete = 24 KN/cu.m. Coefficient of friction = 0.60

a.Determine the critical height of the water on the vertical upstream side of a ten –meter high dam with
a base of 6 meters considering only the safety against sliding. Neglect hydrostatic uplift.

b.Determine the critical height of the water on the vertical upstream side of a ten –meter high dam with
a base of 6 meters considering only the safety against sliding. Consider the hydrostatic uplift.
Determine the (a) pressure at the toe and the (b) pressure at the heelof a trapezoidal dam with a top
base of 3m and a bottom base of 10m. The height of the dam is 20% greater than the height of the
water at the vertical upstream side. Neglect hydrostatic uplift.Unit weight of concrete = 24 KN/cu.m.
Coefficient of friction = 0.63Height of fluid = 7 m.
(a)Determine the factor of safety against sliding of a rectangular dam having a width of 14.8 m and
height of 23.3 m. The depth of water on the upstream side is 20.4 m. The coefficient of friction between
the foundation is 0.85. Uplifting force is not considered.(b)If the uplifting force was considered, what is
the percentage decrease in FSS?Consider the given in problem 3-a.
(a)How many kNof lead (SG=11) must be fastened outside the bottom of a 2-m diameter cylinder to
make it float vertically with 1.5 m above the water? Weight of cylinder = 3562 N, Height of the cylinder =
4m

(b)How many N of lead (SG=11) must be fastened inside the 1-m diameter cylinder to make it float
vertically with 0.5 m above the water? Weight of cylinder = 3562 N, Height of the cylinder = 3 m
A rectangular barge weighing 200 000 kg is 14 m. long, 8 m wide and 4.5 m deep. It will transport to
Manila 20 mmdiameter –6 m long steel reinforcing bars having a density of 7850 kg/cu.m.. Density of
Salt water is 1026 kg/cu.m. If the draft is to be maintained at 3 m, how many pieces of steel bars could it
carry?

1. But compressed air is admitted from beneath in the immersed position. What is the pressure
inside the cylinder in kN

2. A gas tank holds 2785L of propane C3H8 830mmHg. What is the volume of the propane at
standard pressure in Liters?
3. An empty drum has a height of 4 meters and a radius of 1m. The empty drums are submerged in
water. The air originally present in the drum remains composed there

4. An open cylindrical tank of having a diameter of 4ft and a height of 6ft is submerged in water.
5. Find the volume of air inside the 1.4m diameter, 4m high container when the top is 3m below
the water surface.

6. A cylinder glass tubing 2.8cm inside diameter and 90cm long with one end closed is immersed
vertically with the open end down into a tank of cleaning solvent until only 5cm of its length
remain above the liquid surface.

7. An empty drum has a height of 4 meters and a radius of 1m. The empty drum are submerged in
water.
8. A cylindrical tank having a diameter of 2m and a height of 4m is open at the other end.

9. The closed tank in the figure is at 20deg Celsius.

10. A balloon contains 7.2L of He. The pressure is reduced to 2.00 atm and the balloon expands to
occupy a volume of 25.1L.
11. 325mL of chlorine under a pressure of 680mmHg are placed in a container and a pressure of

1210mmHg.

12. Compute the gage pressure at the bottom of the dam if an air bubble upon reaching the water
surface has a volume of 7 times than it had the bottom.

13. The water in a tank is pressurized by air, and the pressure is measured by multifluid manometer.
14. The height of the fluid inside the tube after immersion is 1/8 the height of the cylinder glass
tubing.

15. The gage pressure in a gas tank is 3.75 atmospheres. Compute the pressure head in meter of
water?

16. Find the pressure vessel containing glycerin (SG=1.26), with piezometer attached, what is the
pressure at point A
17. A manometer is attached to a water tank, find the pressure at the interface of the water and
mercury

18. A pressure gauge at elevation 12m at the side of an open tank containing a liquid reads 80kPa.
Another gauge at elevation 7m reads 120kPa. What is the elevation of the liquid surface?
19. Helium at 149 kPa abs and 10deg Celsius

20. If 9ft of an ideal gas at 75def F and 22psia is compressed isothermally to 2ft3, what is the
resulting pressure?

21. The diving bell has the shape of a frustum of a cone (circular) with a closed flat top and open
bottom.
22. A sample of neon occupies a volume of 461 mL at STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure).
What will be the volume of the neon when the pressure is reduced to 93.3 kPa?
23. A container holds 500. mL of CO2 at 20.° C and 742 torr. What will be the volume of the CO2 if
the pressure is increased to 795 torr?

24. A gas tank holds 2785 L of propane, C3H8, at 830. mm Hg. What is the volume of the propane at
standard pressure?

25. A balloon contains 7.2 L of He. The pressure is reduced to 2.00 atm and the balloon expands to
occupy a volume of 25.1 L. What was the initial pressure exerted on the balloon?
26. 352 mL of chlorine under a pressure of 680. mm Hg are placed in a container under a pressure
of 1210 mm Hg. The temperature remains constant at 296 K. What is the volume of the
container in liters?

27. A hollow cylinder 80 cm long in diameter, one end closed, is immersed vertically with its closed
end being held 7.50 m below the water surface.

28. A pressure in a given tank reads 188 mm of Hg.

29. Find the approximate height of water upstream of the dam or the headwater in meters, such
that an air bubble, upon reaching the water surface has a volume of 7 times than it had at the
bottom?

30. A pressure gage 7.0m above the bottom of a tank containing a liquid reads 64.94 kPa; another
gage at height 4.0m reads 87.53 kPa. Compute the specific weight of the fluid.
31. The diving bell has the shape of a frustum of a cone (circular) with a closed flat top and open
bottom.
32. A cylinder glass tubing is 4.4ft long with one end closed and is immersed vertically with the open
end down into a tank of cleaning solvent (S.G = 0.83) until only 4.8 inches of it remains above
the liquid surface.
 Change values

33. A vertical tube 4m long, with one closed, is inserted vertically with the open end down, into a
tank of water until the open end is submerged to a depth of 1.0m.
34. The pressure on a closed tank reads 68.86 kPa. What is the equivalent height in terms of Oil
having a sp.gr of 0.85?

35. A pressure gauge at elevation 12m

36. A weather person states that the in a tan
37. This vertical pipeline with attached gage and manometer

wea
38. The system is at 20 deg C, the atmospheric pressure
39. Cylindrical tank having a diameter of 1.0m and a height of
40. A cylinder glass tubing is 2.2ft. Long with one end closed and is immersed vertically with the
open end down into a tank
41. The water in a tank is pressurized by air and the pressure is measured by a
42. The vertical pipeline with attached gage and manometer contains oil and mercury as shown

43. A hallow cylinder 80cm in diameter, one end closed is immersed vertically
44. A cylinder glass tubing is 4.4 ft long with the open end down into a tank of

45. A pressure gauge at elevation 12 m at the side of an open tank

46. The height of the fluid inside the tube
47. An empty drum has a height of 4m and a radius of 1 meter
48. A vertical tube 4m long
49.
1. The system in figure is at 70deg C. Determine the pressure at point C, D, B
2. If atmospheric pressure = 101.02 kPa and bottom pressure. What is the specific gravity of
the olive oil?
3. A manometer connects an oil pipeline and water pipeline as shown.
4. The pressure on a closed tank reads 68.86kPa. What is equivalent height in water?
5. If h=2.2in, determine the pressure at A. The liquid has a SG = 1.85 in kPa.
6. A manometer is attached to water tank. Find the pressure at the interface of the water from
mercury.
7. A manometer is used to measure the pressure in a tank filled with air.
8. Express the pressure reading at A in terms of head in
9. Find the pressure at the center of the pipe A
10. What is the pressure of the air in the tank if
11. If the absolute pressure in gas in 40psia and gage pressure is 846mbars
12. What must be the pressure at piston A
13. The gage pressure in a gas tank is 3.75 atmospheres. Compute the pressure head in meter of
the water
14. The system in the figure is at 20deg. Determine the pressure at point B
15. A pressure gage at elevation 12 m at the side of a tank containing a liquid reads
16. In the figure shown, if h=25.5in determine at pressure A. The liquid has a specific gravity of
1.85.
17. In this figure, fluid 2 is carbon tetrachloride
18. A force of 500N is exerted on the level AB as hown in the figure
19. The water in a tank is pressurized by air and the pressure is measured by a
20. A manometer is used to measure the pressure in a tank filled with air.
1. A manometer connects an oil
2. Piston a has a cross sectional
3.
4.
5. A manometer is used to measure the pressure
6.
7.
8. A cylindrical tank having a diameter
9.
10.
11.
12. A pressure in a given tank
13. Pistol a has a cross sectional
14. A weather person states that
15. The closed tank in figure
16.
1. A rectangular dam having a width of 15 m has a height of 24

hydrostatic force acting on the wall: 2825.28 kN

factor of safety for sliding if density of concrete is 2310 kg/m 3: 2.92
factor of safety against overturning:

2. A concrete dam retaining water is shown.

 (SCHAUM’S p.77)

factor of safety against overturning: 3.414882773

factor of safety for sliding: 1.3416513651
max pressure on the base: 173.745 kPa (by EJ: 190.468)
min pressure on the base: 73.035 kPa

3. The specific weight of the concrete is 160 lb/ft3

width of concrete: 7.834821429 ft

factor of safety against overturning: 2.79815051

4. A concrete dam retaining water is shown.

 (SCHAUM’S ch4)
factor of safety against overturning: 3.30817614
factor of safety for sliding: 1.316452119
pressure on the base: 9.611082666 kips/ft2
PA: 1.12 kips/ft2

5. A concrete dam retaining water is shown.

P=9.81*hA = 9.81*(3+(3*(1/2)))*6*1
Ry = 951.75 kN (Engr. Crecencia)
OM = 837.12 kN-m ; RM = 3489.75 kN-m
factor of safety against overturning: FSover = RM/OM = 4.168757167
factor of safety for sliding if coefficient of friction is 0.48:: (u*Ry)/P = 1.724770642
max pressure on the base: 192.395 kPa
min pressure on the base: 124.8550065 kPa

6. A trapezoidal masonry dam with vertical upstream face is 6m high

 (Engr. Crecencia)
P = 9.81*(h/2)*h*1 = 4.905 h2 w1 = 23.5*0.6*6*1 = 84.6 kN , w2 = 23.5*(1/2)*1.4*6*1 = 198.7 kN
R = (w1+w2) – U = 142.93185
depth of water on the vertical upstream: 4.113 m
hydrostatic uplift force if the uplift varies from full hydrostatic pressure at the heel to zero at the toe (using depth of
water 4.115 m): U = ((9.81*depth)*bottom)/2 = 40.36815 kN
factor of safety for sliding, coefficient of friction is 0.8: FS=(uR)/P=(0.8*142.93185)/(4.905(4.113)2)= 1.378042371
NOTE: h, depends either on the given or the computed value

7. For linear stress variation over the base of the dam shown,

(SCHAUM’S ch4)
min pressure at the base: 128.832 kPa
max pressure at the base: 556.778 kPa

8. The concrete dam of trapezoidal cross section is shown T = 1m

 w1 = 24*1*9*1 = 216 kN , w2 = 24*(1/2)*3.3*9*1 = 356.4 kN
factor of safety for sliding:
factor of safety against overturning:
resisting moment of the dam to overturning: RM = 1604.880 kN-m

9. A 16-m x16-m gate is installed at the end water reservoir

eccentricity=(16*163)/(12*162*16)=1.333333333 , D = 8+1.33333 = 9.333333333 m

FH=9.81*16*162 , F(16) = FH(9.333333333)
minimum length: L = 24.4403993421 m

10. The section of concrete gravity dam show

 SOLUTION

factor of safety for overturning: 3.32238

factor of safety for sliding: 1.631
overturning moment against dam: 353.16 kN-m
max pressure at the base: 172.434 kPa
min pressure at the base: 67.566 kPa

11. A dam is triangular in cross section with the upstream face vertical.
 SOLUTION

factor of safety for overturning: 1.615

factor of safety for sliding: 3.140696
max pressure at the base: 145.948 kPa
min pressure at the base: 83.24195 kPa
12. A dam with a specific weight of 24 kN/m3, has dimensions

SOLUTION

factor of safety for overturning: 6.2283

factor of safety for sliding: 3.54841
location of the vertical resultant: 10.805 m

13. Shown is the cross-section of an earthwork

 (SCHAUM’S ch4)
FH = 293560.8 lb x = 40.9795904 ft eccentricity = 5.979590396
max pressure at the base: 10857.33143 lb/ft2
min pressure at the base: 3499.125718 lb/ft2

14. The specific weight of the concrete is 150 lb/ft3, and the coefficient

(SCHAUM’S ch4)

SOLUTION

15. A triangular dam has a vertical upstream face 28 m high

 (BESAVILLA)
minimum width of the base (resultant force falls within the middle thirds): 15.2627071 m
minimum coefficient of friction: 0.6105082839

16. A dam is triangular in cross-section with the upstream vertical.

FOR 16, SAME SOLUTION WITH PROBLEM 11

17. A concrete dam retaining water is shown.

SOLUTION