Fitoplankton: Zahidah&friends@fpik - Unpad

FITOPLANKTON
zahidah&friends@fpik.unpad
Fitoplankton
1. Filum Cyanophyta (Cyanobacteria,
Myxophyta, Blue Green Algae (BGA)
2. Filum Chlorophyta
3. Filum Chrysophyta
4. Filum Euglenophyta
5. Filum Pyrrhophyta (Dinophyta,
Dinoflagelatta)
Persamaan
⚫ Pigmen ?
⚫ Habitat?
⚫ Ukuran?
⚫ Reproduksi?
⚫ Alat gerak?
⚫ Bentuk hidup?
Perbedaan
⚫ Pigmen?
⚫ Habitat?
⚫ Ukuran?
⚫ Reproduksi?
⚫ Alat gerak?
⚫ Bentuk hidup?
CYANOPHYTA
⚫ Cyanobacteria (formerly blue-green algae)
are among the most ancient organisms on
Earth. These photosynthetic organisms can
be single-celled, connected in a filamentous
form, or arranged in simple colonies.
Cyanobacteria are capable of enduring a wide
variety of environmental conditions ranging
from freshwater and marine habitats to
snowfields and glaciers. They are capable of
surviving and flourishing even at extremely
high temperatures
Cyanobacteria
Anabaena grown without fixed nitrogen
heterocysts
N2
NH3
Matveyev and Elhai (unpublished)

CHLOROPHYTA
⚫ Green Algae, members of the largest
phylum of the algae, numbering some
6000 to 7000 species. They are
commonly known as green or
grass-green algae because of their bright
green color, which is imparted by two
chlorophylls, a and b. Among the oldest
of all organisms—the first green algae
appeared more than 2 billion years ago in
the fossil record—they are believed to be
the most immediate relatives of the green
land plants.
Asexual reproduction may be by fission (splitting),
fragmentation or by zoospores (motile spores). Sexual
reproduction is very common and may be isogamous
(gametes both motile and same size); anisogamous
(both motile and different sizes - female bigger) or
oogamous (female non-motile and egg-like; male
motile). May have an alternation of haploid and diploid
phases. The haploid phases form gametangia (sexual
reproductive organs) and the diploid phases form
zoospores by reduction division (meiosis). Some do not
have an alternation of generations, meiosis occurring in
the zygote. There are about 8,000 species of green
algae, about 800 of which are marine.
reproduksi
⚫ C:\Users\Zahidah
Hasan\Downloads\Sexual Attraction in
Spirogyra.mp4
Hydrodictyon Chlorella
Ciri khusus
⚫ Sel desmid
⚫ Isokontae
CHRYSOPHYTA
⚫ Terdiri dari 3 kelas
⚫ Chrysophyceae (Algae emas)
⚫ Xanthophyceae (Algae kuning
hijau)
Baccilariophyceae (Diatom)
⚫ Paling berperan sebagai plankton,
paling banyak anggotanya dan
merupakan produsen primer no
satu di laut filum tersendiri
⚫ Baccilariophyta
Diatoms (Greek: διά (dia) = "through" + τέμνειν
(temnein) = "to cut", i.e., "cut in half") are a major
group of eukaryotic algae, and are one of the most
common types of phytoplankton. Most diatoms are
unicellular, although some form chains or simple
colonies. A characteristic feature of diatom cells is that
they are encased within a unique cell wall made of
silica (hydrated silicon dioxide). These walls show a
wide diversity in form, some quite beautiful and
ornate, but usually consist of two asymmetrical sides
with a split between them, hence the group name.
Fossil evidence suggests that they originated during,
or before, the early Jurassic Period.
There are more than 200 genera of living diatoms, and it
is estimated that there are approximately 100,000 extant
species[1][2]. Diatoms are a widespread group and can be
found in the oceans, in freshwater, in soils and on damp
surfaces. Most live pelagically in open water, although
some live as surface films at the water-sediment
interface (benthic), or even under damp atmospheric
conditions. They are especially important in oceans,
where they are estimated to contribute up to 45% of the
total oceanic primary production[3]. Although usually
microscopic, some species of diatoms can reach up to 2
millimetres in length.
Ciri khusus
⚫ Metode Reproduksi
video
⚫ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_F4F
H4PjulU
Istilah-istilah khusus
⚫ Frustule = dinding sel diatom
⚫ Seta/chetae = bulu atau cambuk panjang
pada ordo centrales
⚫ Raphe = Lubang memanjang dari ujung
ke ujung pada ordo pennales
⚫ Areola = Ornamen (berupa
lubang-lubang) pada frustule
⚫ Central nodule = bagian tengah sel yang
tidak ada raphenya, memiliki dinding sel
yang lebih tebal dibandingkan dengan
bagian sel lainnya
Hyaline = Bagian frustule yang tidak ada
areolanya
Valve = Keping/sel diatom
Epivalve = keping atas berukuran lebih besar
Hipovalve = keping bawah berukuran lebih kecil
Diantaranya terdapat girdle
Raphe areola
Central nodule
@zahidah&friends
Ornamen pada dinding sel diatom
@zahidah&friends
EUGLENOPHYTA
⚫ The euglenids (or euglenoids) are one of
the best-known groups of flagellates,
commonly found in freshwater especially
when it is rich in organic materials, with a
few marine and endosymbiotic members.
Many euglenids have chloroplasts and
produce energy through photosynthesis, but
others feed by phagocytosis or strictly by
diffusion. They belong to the phylum
Euglenophyta, and their cell structure is
typical of that group.
The euglenids were first defined by Otto Bütschli
in 1884 as the flagellate order Euglenida.
Botanists subsequently treated the algal division
Euglenophyta; thus they were classified as both
animals and plants, as they share characteristics
with both. This conflict is an example of why the
kingdom Protista was adopted. However, they
retained their double-placement until the
flagellates were split up, and both names are still
used to refer to the group.
Euglenids are distinguished mainly by the presence of a
pellicle, which is composed of proteinaceous strips
underneath the cell membrane, supported by dorsal
and ventral microtubules. This varies from rigid to
flexible, and gives the cell its shape, often giving it
distinctive striations. In many euglenids the strips can
slide past one another, causing an inching motion
called metaboly. Otherwise they move using the
flagella.
⚫ Photothrophic
⚫ Osmotrophic
⚫ Phagotrophic
⚫ Pellicle
PYRRHOPHYTA
(DINOFLAGELLATA)
⚫ Dinoflagellata , phylum (division) of
unicellular, mostly marine algae , called
dinoflagellates. In some classification systems
this division is called Pyrrhophyta. There are
approximately 2,000 species of
dinoflagellates. Most have two flagella that lie
perpendicular to one another and cause
them to spin as they move through the
water. Most have walls, or thecae, that are
rigid and armorlike and sometimes take on
fantastic shapes.
⚫ Dinoflagellates are single celled organisms
(protists) which are neither animals nor
plants though, for nomenclatural
purposes they are treated as if they were
plants. They are found in most aquatic
environments and form a major part of
the modern plankton.
In 1753 the first modern dinoflagellates were described
by Baker and named by Muller in 1773. The term
derives from the Greek word δῖνος (dinos), meaning
'whirling,' and Latin ''flagellum'', a diminutive term for a
whip or scourge.
These same dinoflagellates were first defined by

Otto Bütschli in 1885 as the flagellate order
dinoflagellida. Botanists treated them as a
division of algae, named Pyrrhophyta ("fire
algae"; Greek pyrrhos, fire) after the
bioluminscent forms, or Dinophyta.
⚫ Holofitic
⚫ Holozoic
⚫ Bioluminesce
⚫ Red tide
⚫ Circadian
⚫ Cyclomorfosis
Ceratium Peridinium
Bioluminescens
@zahidah&friens
SAMPAI JUMPA
MINGGU DEPAN
@Zahidah&friends
10-03- 2020
⚫ Siapkan dan diskusikan bahan baku (pustaka
rujukan) untuk menyusun tulisan mengenai:
⚫ 1 untuk tgl 17-03-2020
⚫ Sistematika kelompok fitoplankton dari filum
Cyanophyta dan Chlorophyta
⚫ Ciri-ciri morfologi kelompok fitoplankton dari
filum Cyanophyta dan Chlorophyta dari pustaka
rujukan dan hasil anda praktikum
⚫ Metode reproduksi fitoplankton dari filum
Cyanophyta dan Chlorophyta (perbedaan dan
persamaannya)
⚫ Peranan kel fitoplankton tsb dalam bidang
perairan dan non perairan
II. Untuk tanggal 24-03-2020
⚫ Sistematika kelompok fitoplankton dari
filum Chrysophyta
⚫ Ciri-ciri morfologi kelompok fitoplankton
dari filum Chrysophyta dari pustaka
rujukan dan hasil anda praktikum
⚫ Metode reproduksi fitoplankton dari
filum Chrysophyta
Untuk tanggal 31-03-2020
⚫ Sistematika kelompok fitoplankton dari filum
Euglenophyta dan Pyrrhophyta
⚫ Ciri-ciri morfologi kelompok fitoplankton
dari filum Euglenophyta dan Pyrrhophyta dari
pustaka rujukan dan hasil anda praktikum
⚫ Metode reproduksi fitoplankton dari filum
Euglenophyta dan Pyrrhophyta (perbedaan
dan persamaannya)

Fitoplankton: Zahidah&friends@fpik - Unpad

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Fitoplankton: Zahidah&friends@fpik - Unpad

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

FITOPLANKTON

Matveyev and Elhai (unpublished)

These same dinoflagellates were first defined by

You might also like