7/22/2013

RUST GRADES

1
 7/22/2013

RUST GRADES

2
 7/22/2013

BLASTING GRADES A S
Sa 2
2.5
5 and
dSSa 3

3
 7/22/2013

BLASTING GRADES B S
Sa 1 and
d S
Sa 2

4
 7/22/2013

BLASTING GRADES B S
Sa 2
2.5
5 and
d S
Sa 3

5
 7/22/2013

BLASTING GRADES C S
Sa 1 and
d S
Sa 2

6
 7/22/2013

BLASTING GRADES C S
Sa 2
2.5
5 and
d S
Sa 3

7
 7/22/2013

BLASTING GRADES D S
Sa 1 and
dSSa 2

8
 7/22/2013

BLASTING GRADES D Sa 2.5 and Sa 3

9
 7/22/2013

SURFACE PREPARATION
HAND AND POWER TOOL CLEANING B St 2 and St 3

10
 7/22/2013

SURFACE PREPARATION
HAND AND POWER TOOL CLEANING C St 2 and St 3

11
 7/22/2013

SURFACE PREPARATION
HAND AND POWER TOOL CLEANING D St 2 and St 3

12
 7/22/2013

FLAME CLEANING

1, EXPANSION, co-
co-efficient of expansion
2,, DEHYDRATION,, moisture is evaporated
p
3, HEAT PENETRATION, heat conducted into substrate

13
 7/22/2013

DELAMINATION OF TSA

LOSS
OSS OF
O ADHESION
S O (POOR
( OO SURFACE
SU C PREPARATION)
O )

14
 7/22/2013

PAINT FAULTS, BITTINESS

INCLUSIONS, EITHER
AIRBORN OR FROM THE
PAINT ITSELF.
COULD ALSO BE CAUSED BY
PARTIALLY CURED PAINT,
WHICH IS OUT OF SHELF LIFE
LIFE.
(FLOCCULATION)

15
 7/22/2013

COATING FAULTS : BLEEDING

THE SOLVENT FROM THE TOP
COAT SOFTENS THE UNDER
LYING MATERIAL AND
ALLOWS IT TO PASS INTO
AND THROUGH THE LAYER,
CAUSING DISCOLOURATION.
(BROWN FOR BITUMEN,
BITUMEN
YELLOW FOR COAL TAR)

16
 7/22/2013

COATING FAULTS
FAULTS: BLISTERING
BLISTERS CAN CONTAIN GAS, LIQUID OR CRYSTALS

17
 7/22/2013

COATING FAULTS: CHALKING

DEGRADATION OF THE BINDER

DUE TO DISRUPTIVE FACTORS IN
THE ENVIRONMENT

EPOXIES ARE ESPECIALLY

VULNERABLE!

18
 7/22/2013

COATING FAULTS CISSING

CAUSED BY
INADEQUATE
Q SURFACE
PREPARATION.
A DIFFERENCE IN
SURFACE ENERGY
CAUSES LOCAL LACK OF
ADHESION.
LARGER SPOTS KNOWN AS
“FISH EYES”,
EYES”,
AND LARGE AREAS
REFERRED TO AS
“CRAWLING
CRAWLING””

19
 7/22/2013

COATING FAULTS : CISSING

20
 7/22/2013

COATING FAULTS: CRACKING

MUD CRACKING
DIFFERENTIAL EXPANSION AND
COATING AGE

CRAZING / HAIR CRACKING CROCODILING/ALLIGATORING

21
 7/22/2013

COATING FAULTS : CRATERING

BOWL SHAPED DEPRESSIONS.

CAUSED BY ESCAPING
SOLVENT OR GASES.
HIGH VISCOSITY PAINT WILL
NOT FLOW TO FILL THE
DEPRESSIONS. RESULTING IN
SMALL BOWLS AND CRATERS.

22
 7/22/2013

COATING FAULTS : CURTAINS,

CURTAINS SAGS,
SAGS RUNS AND TEARS

CAUSED BY OVER APPLICATION.

TO REMEDY: REMOVE EXCESS
MATERIAL, LIGHTLY ABRADE &
RECOAT.

23
 7/22/2013

COATING FAULTS: FLAKING

AS MATERIAL AGES, IT
GETS BRITTLE,, CRACKS
AND STARTS TO DETACH

OXIDISING PAINTS ARE

ESPECIALLY VULNERABLE
(NATURAL OILS AND
RESINS)

24
 7/22/2013

COATING FAULTS HOLIDAYS

DEFINED AS :
A VOID, A MISS, OR AN
UNCOATED AREA

25
 7/22/2013

COATING FAULTS: LIFTING

CAUSED BY SOLVENT STRENGTH AND ALSO LACK OF OBSERVANCE OF
STATED OVERCOATING TIME

26
 7/22/2013

ALGAE AND MOULD GROWTH

REMEDY: TREAT WITH BIOCIDAL AGENT FOR 24 HOURS, THEN

REMEDY:
CLEAN WITH DETERGENT/STIFF BRISTLE BRUSH/WATER WASHING

27
 7/22/2013

ORANGE PEEL
SIMILAR APPEARANCE
TO THE SKIN OF
A CITRUS FRUIT

CAUSED BY PAINT
VISCOSITY PROBLEMS
OR BY APPLICATOR
TECHNIQUE

28
 7/22/2013

COATING FAULTS ROPINESS

‘BRUSHMARKS’

CAUSED BY BRUSHING WHEN

FILM IS ALMOST DRY, OR WHEN
PAINT VISCOSITY IS TOO HIGH

29
 7/22/2013

COATING FAULTS: WRINKLING AND RIVELLING

PAINT FORMS A SKIN, TRAPPING SOLVENT BELOW THE SURFACE.

AS THIS EVENTUALLY DRIES
DRIES, THE SKIN CONTRACTS,
CONTRACTS CAUSING THE
SURFACE TO WRINKLE.

30
 7/22/2013

DEFECT:
RASH or SPOT RUSTING

CAUSE: ROGUE PEAKS, OR

POSSIBLY BY
CONTAMINATION OF THE
PAINT FILM BY FOREIGN
MATTER, SUCH AS GRIT OR
DIRT ETC.

31