Example 7

A gas-turbine unit takes in air at 17°C and 1.01bar and the pressure ratio is 8/1. The
compressor is driven by HP turbine and LP turbine drives a separate power shaft. The
isentropic efficiencies of the compressor and the HP and LP turbines are 0.8, 0.85 and
0.83 respectively. Calculate the pressure and temperature of the gases entering the
power turbine, the net power developed by the unit kg/s mass flow rate, the work ratio
and the cycle efficiency of the unit. The maximum cycle temperature is 650°C. For the
compression process take Cp = 1.005kJ/kg K and γ=1.4; for the combustion process and
for the expansion process take Cp = 1.15kJ/kg K and γ=1.333. Neglect the mass of fuel.

From the equation for an isentropic process

 1  
T P 
2s   2s 
T  P 
1  1 
The re fore,
T  290  8 0.4  1.4  525.32K
2s
The n,
T2 s  T1 525.32  290
comp    0.8
T2  T1 T2  290
T2  584.15K
Compre ssorwork input  C pa T2  T1   C pa 584.15  290 
 1.005  294.15  295.62 kJ kg
Now the work output from the HP turbine must be sufficient to drive the compressor,

Turbine work output from HP turbine  C p T3  T4   295.62 kJ kg

T3  T4   295.62  257.06K

1.15
The re fore,
T4  T3  257.06  923  257.06  665.94K

The n,
T3  T4 923  665.94
 th for HP turbine    0.85
T3  T4 s 923  T4 s
T4 s  620.57 K

Similarly for turbine

  1 
T3 P 
 3
T4s  P4 
or
   1
P3  T3  1.333 0.333
    923 
 4.9

P4s  T4s   620 .57 
8  1.01
P4s   1.65 bar
4.9

Hence, the pressure and temperature at entry to the LP turbine are 1.65bar and 665.94K
(392.94°C).

To find the power output it is now necessary to evaluate T5. The pressure ratio, (p4/p5),
is given by (p4/p3)×(p3/p5), is given by

P
P
P
P
P
P

4s  4s  2s Since P  P and P  P
2 3 5 1

5s 3 1
The re fore,
P
4s  8  1.63
P 4.9
5s
The n,
 1  
T P 
4   4s   1.63 0.333 1.333  1.13
T P 
5s  5 s 
The re fore,
665.94
T   589.18K
5s 1.13
Ne xt ,
T4  T5
 turb for the LP turbine   0.83
T4  T5 s
T4  T5
 0.83
665.94  589.18
T4  T5  63.71

The n,
Work output from LP turbine  C pg T4  T5   1.1563.71  73.27 kJ kg
He nce ,
Ne t powe r output  73.27  1  73.27 kW

Ne t work output 73.27

Work ratio    0.1986
Gross work output 73.27  295.62
and
He at supplie d  C pg T3  T2   1.15923  584.15   389.68 kJ kg
Ne t work output 73.27
cycle    0.188
He at supplie d 389.68