AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM

• PRESENTED BY:- GOSWAMI

KHUSHBOOBEN.B
• PAPER:-CBO-405
• ROLL NO:-204
• M.SC (BOTANY) SEM:- 2
• DEPARTMENT OF LIFE
SCIENCES,PATAN
 CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
• AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM
• MARINE ECOSYSTEM
• FRESH WATER ECOSYSTEM
• ESTUARINE ECOSYSTEM
• FUNCTION
• REFERENCE
 INTRODUTION
• The term ‘ecosystem’ was proposed by a
british ecology A.G.Tansley in the year 1953.
• “The ecosystem represents the basic
functional unit of ecology which comprises of
the biotic communities mutually related with
their noliving or abiotic environment.”
• An ecosystem is a biological environment
consisting of all the organisms living in a
particular area, as well as all the non-living
(abiotic), physical components of the
enviroment, such as air,soil,water and
sunlight.
 AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM
• An aquatic ecosystem is an ecosystem in
a body of water.
• Communities of organism that are
dependent on each other and on their
enviroment live in aquatic ecosystem.
• The three main type of aquatic
ecosystem are marine ecosystem,fresh
water ecosystem and estuarine.
 (1) MARINE ECOSYSTEM
• Marine water ecosystem in which, like
other ecosystem,there are main
comonents.
• A. Biotic components:-
i) primary producers.
ii) secondary consumers.
iii) decomposers and transformers.
 i) PRIMARY PRODUCERS:-

• These are diatoms, dinoflagellates, few

microscopic and unicellular algae, weeds
and brown and red algae.
• These form the basic of all other life
found in sea.
 ii) SECONDARY CONSUMERS:-
• Also known as the primary consumers of
the sea these are certain large sized fish.

E.G:- marckerel, herring, shark, etc..

• Certain fish feed primary upon smaller

members of their own class and the
growth of shark represent a food chain
of five or more links.
iii)DECOMPOSERS AND TRANSFORMERS:-
• The decomposers of sea are marine
bacteria.

• The soluble and decomposed material is

now attached by other type of bacteria,
the transformers, and converted to
forms to be reused by the green plants.
 (2) FRESH WATER ECOSYSTEM
• Pond and lake are fresh
water ecosystems which,
like other ecosystems,
there are two main
comonents.
A) Abitic component
B) Biotic component.
 A) ABIOTIC COMPONENT:-
• Abiotic component of pond consists of water,
dissolved minerals, oxygen and carbon
dioxide.
• Solar radiation are the main source of energy.

B) BIOTIC COMPONENT:-
i) producers.
ii) consumers.
iii) Decomposers and transformers.
 i) PRODUCERS:-
• The main produceurs in pond or lake
ecosystem are algae and other aquatic plants.
• E.G :- such as azolla, hydrilla,
lemna,nymphaea,etc..
• These are either floating or rooted at the
bottom.
• The green plants convers the radiant energy
into chemical energy throgh photosynthetisis.
• The chemical energy stored in the form of
food.
 ii) CONSUMERS:-
• In a pond ecosystem the primary consumers
are tadpole, larvae of frogs, fishes and other
and other aquatic animals which consumer
green plant and algae as their food.
• E.G:- frogs, big fishes, water snakes, etc..
• In the pond, besides the secondary
consumers of highest order, such as water
birds etc...
iii) DECOMPOSERS AND TRANSFORMERS:-

• When aquatic plant and animals die, large

numbers of bacteria and fungi attach their
dead bodies and convert the complex arganic
substance into simple inorganic compounds
and elements.
• These micro organism are called
decomposers.
• E.G:- saprophytic bacteria and fungi.
 (3) ESTUARINE ECOSYSTEM
• There are two main components.
A) Abiotic components:- such as phosphorus
and nitrogen, temperature, light,pH.
B) Biotic components:-
i) producers:- these micro-organism
manufacture food by photosynthesis and
absorb nutrients.
ii) primary consumers:- zooplanktons that feed
on phytoplankton, besides them some small
micro-organisms that feed on producers.
iii) Secondary consumers:- Include shellsish,
small fish, feeding on zooplanktons.
iv) Decomposers:- fungi & bacteria are the chief
microbes active of dead organic matter.
 FUNCTION:-
• Aquatic ecosystem perform many
important enviromental function.
• They recycle nutrients, purify water,
recharge ground water and provide
habitats for wildlife.
• Aquatic ecosystem are also used for
human recreation, and are very
important to the tourism industry.
• A stress on an aquatic ecosystem can be a
result of physical, chemical or biological
alterations of the environment.
• Biological organism found in aquatic
ecosystem are either autotropic or
heterotropic.
• Physical alterations include changes in
water temperature, water flow.
• Abiotic enviromental factors of aquatic
ecosystem include temperature, salinity
and flow.
 REFERENCE
• P.D SHARMA ecology and
environment.
• M.P. FINGH & S.G.ABBAX effential of
plant taxonomy and ecology.
THANK YOU