IT IN BUSINESS-1

SUBMITTED TO MAM AMBREEN

SUBMITTED BY NOOR FATIMA

CLASS BBA (01)

ROLL NO 01

TOPIC OUTPUT DEVICES

DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES

LAHORE COLLEGE FOR WOMEN UNIVERSITY, LAHORE

COMPUTER
A computer is a machine or device that performs processes, calculations and
operations based on instructions provided by a software or hardware program. It has
the ability to accept data (input), process it, and then produce outputs.

OUTPUT DEVICES
An output device is any piece of computer hardware equipment which converts
information into human-readable form. It can be text, graphics, tactile, audio,
and video.
Main output devices
 Monitor
 Printer
 Plotter
 Audio output devices
 Data projector

MONITOR
A monitor is an electronic visual computer display that includes a screen, circuitry
and the case in which that circuitry is enclosed.  It is used to display images, text,
video, and graphics.
The first computer monitor was introduced on 1 March 1973, which was part of the
Xerox Alto computer system.
FEATURES OF MONITOR
 Size.
 Resolution.
 Bandwidth.
 Refresh rate.
 Interlaced or non – interlaced.
 Dot pitch.
Size: –
The First characteristics of the monitor are defined as its size. The size is
measured in terms of its length and breadth, the monitor of the computer system
is just like a TV screen. The monitor is measured in terms of diagonal inches.
This means the length is covered from one corner to the opposite corner of the
screen.
Resolution: –
Resolution means that how the pixel (dot) packed on the screen. Pixel is a single
point in a graphic image. The monitor display pictures by dividing the display
screens into millions of pixels which is arranged in row and columns. The pixels
are so close together so that appears connected. Generally, V.G.A monitors up
to more than 24 bites per pixel align then to display more than 24 bites per pixel
align then to display more than 1600 millions different colors.
Bandwidth: –
The amount of data can be transmitted in the fridge amount of time. For Digital
device in the bandwidth is usually expressed in bits bytes per second. For an
analog device, the bandwidth is expressed in cycle per second is hertz (Hz).
Refresh rate: –
Display monitor must be refresh rate determines how many times per second
the screen is to be refreshed. The reference rate per minute for a monitor is
measured in hearts and is also called the frequency or vertical reference rate.
The old standard monitor refresh rate was 60 hertz (Hz) what the new standard
reference rate at 75 hertz.
Interlaced or non – interlaced: –
Interlacing is a display technology that enables the monitor to provide more
resolution in width interlacing monitor. The electron guns only half the horizontal
line with each passes. It can display twice as many lines for the reference cycle.
Dot pitch: –
The measurement that includes the vertical distance between each pixel in a
display screen measured in the terms of millimeters the dot pitch is one of the
principal characteristics that determine the quality of the display monitor.

Types of monitor
Flat panel monitor
CRT monitor
FLAT PANEL MONITOR
A flat-panel display (FPD) is an electronic display device used to enable people
to see content (still images, moving images, text, or other visual material) in a
range of entertainment, consumer electronics, personal computer, and mobile
devices, and many types of medical, transportation and industrial equipment.
FEATURES OF FLAT PANEL MONITOR
 Flat-panel displays are thin, lightweight, provide better linearity and are capable
of higher resolution than typical consumer-grade TVs from earlier eras. 

CRT MONITOR
 Flat Pannel Monitor CRT Monitor

PRINTER
A printer is a device that accepts text and graphic output from a computer and
transfers the information to paper, usually to standard size sheets of paper.
FEATURES OF PRINTER
Printers vary in size, speed, sophistication, and cost.
 Color: Color is important for users who need to print pages for presentations or
maps and other pages where color is part of the information. Color printers can
also be set to print only in black-and-white. Color printers are more expensive to
operate since they use two ink cartridges (one color and one black ink) that need
to be replaced after a certain number of pages. Users who don't have a specific
need for color and who print a lot of pages will find a black-and-white printer
cheaper to operate.
 Resolution: Printer resolution (the sharpness of text and images on paper) is
usually measured in dots per inch (dpi). Most inexpensive printers provide
sufficient resolution for most purposes at 600 dpi.
 Speed: If you do much printing, the speed of the printer becomes important.
Inexpensive printers print only about 3 to 6 sheets per minute. Color printing is
slower. More expensive printers are much faster.
 Memory: Most printers come with a small amount of memory (for example, one
megabyte) that can be expanded by the user. Having more than the minimum
amount of memory is helpful and faster when printing out pages with large
 images or tables with lines around them (which the printer treats as a large
image).
Types of printer
Impact printer
Nonimpact printer
IMPACT PRINTER
TYPES OF IMPACT PRINTER
Character printer
Line printer
CHARACTER PRINTER

Impact Printer Nonimpact Printer

Characters, graphics are printed on a
paper by striking.
Printing is done by hammering a metal Printing is done by depositing ink on
pin or character dye.
Electro-mechanical devices are used
for printing.
Fast. Covers 250 words per second.
Noisy
Dot-matrix printers, Daisy-wheel
printers, and line printers.
Characters, graphics are printed on a
paper without striking.
paper in any form.
No electro-mechanical device is used
for printing.
Slow. Covers a page in 30 seconds.
Silent.
Inkjet printers and Laser printers.

PLOTTER
A plotter is a printer that interprets commands from a computer to make line
drawings on paper with one or more automated pens.
FEATURES OF PLOTTERS
 Plotter is equipment used for large format printing, including A0 format.
 Plotters can print not only on paper, but also on other materials, synthetic media,
film, and so on.
 Some models of plotters are equipped with a cutting function, which is used when
printing on hot-adhesive film, labels, and so on.
Types of plotters
Flatbed plotter
Drum plotters
FLATBED PLOTTER
A flatbed plotter is a computerized plotter that works by using an arm that moves a
pen over paper rather than having paper move under the arm as with a drum plotter.

DRUM PLOTTER
A drum plotter is a plotter that uses a drum revolver to move the paper
during printing while the actual pen performs the printing.
SPEAKERS
Speakers are transducers that convert electromagnetic waves into sound waves.
The speakers receive audio input from a device such as a computer or an audio
receiver. This input may be either in analog or digital form. Analog speakers simply
amplify the analog electromagnetic waves into sound waves. Since sound waves are
produced in analog form, digital speakers must first convert the digital input to an
analog signal, then generate the sound waves.