Chemical Powdwer used in Chemical

Earthing is called “Bentonite” which keeps

moisture inside.

Earthing value is less than

3 Ohm – for Body Earth Resistence
1 ohm – Neutral Earth resistance

Difference Between Grounding and

Earthing
One of the major difference between the grounding and the
earthing is that in grounding, the current carrying part is
connected to the ground whereas in earthing the non-
current carrying parts is connected to ground. The other
differences between them are explained below in the form of
the comparison chart.

Content: Grounding V/S Earthing

 Comparison Chart
 Definition
 Key Differences
 Specification for Earth Electrode
Comparison Chart
Basis For
Grounding Earthing
Comparison

Definition The current carrying part is The body of the equipment is

connected to ground. connected to ground.

Location Between the neutral of the Between the equipment body

equipment and ground and earth pit which is placed
under the earth surface.

Symbol

Zero Potential Does not have Have

Protection Protect the power system Protect the human from electric
equipment. shock.

Application Provide the return path to It discharges the electrical

the current. energy to the earth.

Types Three (Solid, Resistance Five (Pipe, Plate, Rod earthing,

and Reactance grounding) earthing through tap and strip
earthing)

Color of wire Black Green

Use For balancing the For avoiding the electrical

unbalance load. shock.

Examples Neutral of generator and The enclosure of the

Basis For
Grounding Earthing
Comparison

power transformer is transformer, generator, motor

connected to ground. etc. are connected to the earth.

Definition of Grounding

In grounding, the current carrying parts are directly

connected to the ground. The grounding provides the return
path for the leakage current and hence protect the power
system equipment from damage.

When the fault occurs in

the equipment, the current in all the three phases of the
equipment become unbalance.The grounding discharges
the fault current to the ground and hence makes the system
balance

The grounding has several advantages like it eliminates the

surge voltage and also discharge the over voltage to the
ground. The grounding provides the great safety to the
equipment and improves the service reliability.
Definition of Earthing

The ‘earthing’ means the connection of non-current carrying

part of the equipment to the earth. When the fault occurs in
the system, then the potential of the non-current part of the
equipment raises, and when any human or stray animal
touch the body of the equipment, then they may get
shocked.

The earthing discharges

the leakage current to the earth and hence avoid the
personnel from the electric shock. It also protects the
equipment from lightning strokes and provides the discharge
path for the surge arrester, gap and other devices.

The earthing is achieved by connecting the parts of the

installation to the earth by using the earth conductor or earth
electrode in intimate contact with the soil placed with some
distance below the ground level.

Key Differences Between Grounding and Earthing

1. The earthing is defined as the connection of the

non-current carrying part like the body of the
equipment or enclosure to earth. In grounding the
 current carrying part like neutral of the transformer is
directly connected to the ground.
2. For grounding, the black colour wire is used, and for
earthing the green colour, the wire is used.
3. The grounding balanced the unbalanced load
whereas the earthing protect the equipment and
human from an electrical shock.
4. The grounding wire is placed between the neutral of
the equipment and the earth whereas in earthing the
earth electrode is placed between the equipment
body and the earth pit which is placed under the
ground.
5.  In grounding the equipment is not physically
connected to the ground, and the current is not zero
on the ground, whereas in earthing the system is
physically connected to the ground and it is at zero
potential.
6. The grounding gives the path to an unwanted
current and hence protects the electrical equipment
from damage, whereas the earthing decrease the
high potential of electrical equipment which is
caused by a fault and thus protects the human body
from the electrical shock.
7. The grounding is classified into three types. They
are the solid grounding, resistance grounding and
reactance grounding. Earthing can be done in five
ways.The different methods of earthing are the pipe
earthing, plate earthing, rod earthing, earthing
through tap and strip earthing.
Specifications for Earth Electrodes
 1. The earthing electrode should not be placed near
the building whose installation system is earthed
more than 1.5 m away.
2. The resistance of the earth wire should not be more
than 1 ohm.
3. The wire use for electrode and circuit should be
made up of the same material.
4. The electrodes should be placed in vertical position
so that it can touch the layers of the earth.
The size of the conductor should not be less than 2.6
mm2 or half of the wire used for electrical wiring. Bare
copper wire is used for earthing and grounding. Green 6
THHN (Thermoplastic high heat neutral coating wire) and
gauged copper wire of different sizes like 2,4,6,8 etc. are
also used for earthing and grounding.