9

9
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Respiratory System and Circulatory
Systems, Working with other Organ
Systems

Science – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Unit 1: Living Things and Their Environment
Module 1: Respiratory and Circulatory Systems Working with the other Organ
System
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers: ROSALYN ANCAY QUINTINITA

Editors: Name
Reviewers: Mrs .Lenivy N. Nemis - GRPMHS-ANNEX Teacher I
Mrs. Analiza E. Manuel GRPMHS-MAIN Teacher II
Illustrator: Name
Layout Artist: Name
Management Team: SALUSTIANO JIMENEZ JR.
Name of CLMD Chief
Name of Regional EPS In Charge of LRMS
Name of Regional ADM Coordinator
Name of CID Chief
Name of Division EPS In Charge of LRMS
Name of Division ADM Coordinator

Development Team of the Module

Writers: ROSALYN ANCAY QUINTINITA

Editors: Name
Reviewers: Mrs. Lenivy N. Nemis - GRPMHS-ANNEX Teacher I
Mrs. Analiza E. Manuel GRPMHS-MAIN Teacher II
Illustrator: Name
Layout Artist: Name
Management Team: SALUSTIANO JIMENEZ JR.
Name of CLMD Chief
 Name of Regional EPS In Charge of LRMS
Name of Regional ADM Coordinator
Name of CID Chief
Name of Division EPS In Charge of LRMS
Name of Division ADM Coordinator

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – Region (Ex. Department of Education-Region III)

Office Address: ____________________________________________

____________________________________________
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E-mail Address: ____________________________________________

Science

Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Respiratory System and Circulatory
Systems, Working with other Organ
Systems
UNIT 1: Living Things and Their Environment
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Science 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Respiratory
and Circulatory Systems, Working with Other Organ System .
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from
public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners
meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social,
and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning
activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the
needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the
module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in guiding the learners.

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also
need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own
learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the
tasks included in the module.
For the learner:
Welcome to the Science 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Respiratory and
Circulatory Systems, Working with Other Organ System !
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to depict
skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and accomplish. Hence,
the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner is capable and empowered to
successfully achieve the relevant competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your
academic success lies in your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided
and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the
contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know

This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know

This part includes an activity that aims to check what you already know about the lesson to
take. If you get all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip this module.

What’s In

This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New

In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you in various ways such as a story, a
song, a poem, a problem opener, an activistity or a situation.

What is It

This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.
What’s More

This comprises activities for independent practice to solidify your understanding and skills of
the topic. You may check the answers to the exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the
module.

What I Have Learned

This includes questions or blank sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process what you

learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do

This section provides an activity which will help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment

This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities

In this portion, another activity will be given to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of learned concepts.

Answer Key

This contains answers to all activities in the module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References
This is a list of all sources used in developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

• Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
• Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
• Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
• Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
 • Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
• Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to
consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain
deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master living
thing and their environment. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different
learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students.
The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in
which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module is divided into four lessons, namely:

• Lesson 1 - Respiratory and Circulatory Systems Working with the other
Organ Systems
• Lesson 2 - Heredity: Inheritance and Variation
• Lesson 3- Biodiversity and Evolution
• Lesson 4 – Ecosystem: Life Energy

After going through this module, you are expected to:

• Explain how the respiratory and circulatory systems work together to
transport nutrients, gases, and other molecules to and from the different parts of the body.
• Identify and describe the key parts of the breathing system
• Explain how the lungs work.
• Describe how the movement of the diaphragm helps the air go in and out of
the lungs.
• Explain the mechanism of how the respiratory and circulatory system work
together.
• Describe blood flow and gas exchange within the heart, circulatory system,
and lungs.
• Explain how blood is pumped by the heart;
• Describe how the heart function as a pump.
What I Know
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.

• Which is the pathway of oxygen into the lungs?

• Mouth pharynx larynx trachea bronchioles
bronchus alveolus
• Mouth larynx pharynx alveolus bronchus
bronchioles
• Nose bronchus trachea larynx pharynx
alveolus
• Mouth trachea bronchiole alveolus pharynx
bronchus larynx

• At what structure in the lungs does the exchange of oxygen and carbon
dioxide take place?
• The bronchioles
• The bronchi
• The trachea
• The alveoli

• What happens to the air pressure in your chest cavity when you inhale?
• Air pressure is reduced.
• Air pressure is increased.
• Air pressure stays the same.
• None of the above
• Which is the pathway of oxygen from the lungs into body tissues?
• alveoli bloodstream red blood cells tissues
• red blood cells bloodstream alveoli tissues
• alveoli red blood cells bloodstream tissues
• red blood cells alveoli bloodstream tissues
• Which sentence best describes gas exchange during normal respiration?
• When not enough oxygen is available, your body substitutes different
gases for oxygen.
• Gas exchange occurs through the walls of the capillaries.
• Carbon dioxide moves from the lungs into the body tissue.
• An alveolar wall shares membrane with an artery.
Test 11. Write a positive sign (+) on the spaces provided before each number if the statement is
correct, or a zero sigh (0) if the statement is incorrect.
_____1. Respiration also involves the excretion of carbon dioxide from the body.
_____ 2. The larynx contains the “ switch” that keeps food and air on the proper paths.
______ 3. Breathing is an automatic process that we cannot control the process of our
own will.
__4. Air is drawn into and pushed out of the lungs by the mechanical process called
breathing.
_____ 5. As the right atrium, the blood is forced into the right ventricle.
_____6. Atria receives blood while ventricles pump blood out of the heart.
_____ 7. Blood from the abdomen and the lower parts of the body returns through the inferior
vena cava.
____8. Aorta is the largest artery.
____9. Blood plasma comprises around 75% of the total content of the blood.
___10. Blood from the head enters the heart via the superior vena cava.

Lesson

1
The Human Breathing and Cardiovascular
System
Breathe in and out. Notice your chest cavity and belly moving and feel the soft air passing
from the nose. Listen to the quite sounds of breathing in and out. Imagine the air moving
from the nose into the throat, through the air tubes, and into the air sacs.
https://www.lung.ca/lung-health/lung-info/respiratory-system
This chart of the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM shows how you breathe. 

Breathing is the process that brings  oxygen in the air into your lungs and moves oxygen and through
your body. Our lungs remove the oxygen and pass it through our bloodstream, where it's carried off to
the tissues and organs that allow us to walk, talk, and move.
Our lungs also take carbon dioxide from our blood and release it into the air when we breathe out. 

The SINUSES are hollow spaces in the bones of your head. Small openings connect them to the nasal
cavity. The sinuses help to regulate the temperature and humidity of the air your breathe in, as well as
to lighten the bone structure of the head and to give tone to your voice.

The NASAL CAVITY (nose) is the best entrance for outside air into your respiratory system. The
hairs that line the inside wall are part of the air-cleansing system.

Air can also enters through your  ORAL CAVITY (mouth), especially if you have a mouth-breathing
habit or your nasal passages may be temporarily blocked.

The ADENOIDS are overgrown lymph tissues at the top of the throat. When your adenoids
interfere with your breathing, they are sometimes removed. The lymph system, consisting of nodes
(knots of cells) and connecting vessels, carries fluid throughout the body. This system helps your body
resist infection by filtering out foreign matter, including germs, and producing cells (lymphocytes) to
fight them.
The TONSILS are lymph nodes in the wall of your pharynx. Tonsils  are not an important part of the
germ-fighting system of the body. If they become infected, they are sometimes removed.

The PHARYNX (throat) collects incoming air from your nose and passes it downward to your
trachea (windpipe).

The EPIGLOTTIS is a flap of tissue that guards the entrance to your trachea. It closes when anything
is swallowed that should go into the esophagus and stomach.

The LARYNX (voice box) contains your vocal cords. When   moving air is  breathed in and out, it
creates voice sounds.

The ESOPHAGUS is the passage leading from your mouth and throat to your stomach.

The TRACHEA (windpipe) is the passage leading from your pharynx to the lungs.

The RIBS are bones supporting and protecting your chest cavity. They move a small amount and help
the lungs to expand and contract.

The trachea divides into the two main BRONCHI (tubes), one for each lung. The bronchi, in turn,
subdivide further into bronchioles.

The RIGHT LUNG is divided into three LOBES, or sections.

The left lung is divided into two LOBES.

The PLEURA are the two membranes that surround each lobe of your lungs and separate the lungs
from your chest wall.

The bronchial tubes are lined with CILIA (like very small hairs) that have a wave-like motion. This
motion carries MUCUS (sticky phlegm or liquid) upward and out into the throat, where it is either
coughed up or swallowed. The mucus catches and holds much of the dust, germs, and other unwanted
matter that has invaded your lungs. Your lungs get rid of the mucus through coughing.

The DIAPHRAGM is the strong wall of muscle that separates your chest cavity from your abdominal
cavity. By moving downward, it creates suction to draw in air and expand the lungs.

The smallest section of the bronchi are called BRONCHIOLES, at the end of which are the alveoli
(plural of alveolus).

The ALVEOLI are the very small air sacs that are the destination of air that you breathe in.
The CAPILLARIES are blood vessels that are imbedded in the walls of the alveoli. Blood passes
through the capillaries, brought to them by the PULMONARY ARTERY and taken away by
the PULMONARY VEIN. While in the capillaries, the blood moves carbon dioxide into the alveoli
and takes up oxygen from the air in the alveoli.
What’s In
Fill in the K-W-H-L Chart ( Know-Wonder-How – Learned) below to assess your prior
knowledge and understanding of the topic, Respiratory and Circulatory Systems, Working
with the other Organ Systems.
K
W
H
L
What do I know?
What do I want to find out?
How can I find out what I want to learn?
What did I learn?

Skills I expect to use:

1.INSTRUCTION: COMPLETE THE PUZZLE BELOW:

Source: quintinitarosalyntestquestioncreditstoOER
 What is the difference between Respiration and Breathing?
Respiratory system involves the exchange of gases. These gases are oxygen and carbon
dioxide. The process of taking in oxygen and giving off carbon dioxide is called respiration.
There are two kinds of respiration: direct and indirect.
Direct respiration-is the exchange of gases between the cell of an organism and the
environment.
Indirect respiration -makes use of specialized organs in the exchange
Respiration is a process in which simple food substances are broken down and the energy
they contained is released. This occurs in the cellular level.
Breathing is the act of gas exchange that eliminates waste product of respiration ( carbon
dioxide) from the organism

What is the difference between Respiration and Breathing?

Respiratory system involves the exchange of gases. These gases are oxygen and carbon
dioxide. The process of taking in oxygen and giving off carbon dioxide is called respiration.
There are two kinds of respiration: direct and indirect.
Direct respiration-is the exchange of gases between the cell of an organism and the
environment.
Indirect respiration -makes use of specialized organs in the exchange
Respiration is a process in which simple food substances are broken down and the energy
they contained is released. This occurs in the cellular level.
Breathing is the act of gas exchange that eliminates waste product of respiration ( carbon
dioxide) from the organism
What’s New

Knowledge Enhancers:
Critical Thinking: Answer the following briefly.

• What might be an advantage of breathing through your nose and

not through your mouth?
 • Why do gym instructors or PE teachers instruct you to breathe
deeply when exercising?

• During exercise, breathing rate increases. How would you expect

an increase in the breathing rate to affect the heart rate? Give reasons for your
answer.

• You visited a doctor because you have a bad cold. Your doctor
prescribed medicines for your symptoms but does not prescribe antibiotics. Why
not?

• Explain what might happen to your throat when you sleep with
your mouth open especially when you have clogged nose.

• A boy cut a large blood vessel in his hand. Every few seconds, the
blood would spurt out. What would this tell you about the kind of blood vessel
that was cut? Explain your answer.

Source : ExploringLifeThroughScience-BiologyTeachingGuidepp202-208,2017-220-224

What is It
Respiratory and Circulatory System Working with Other Organ Systems
Respiratory system includes the lungs, pathways connecting them to the outside
environment, and structures in the chest involved with moving air in and out of the lungs.

Air enters the body through the nose, is warmed, filtered, and passed through the nasal cavity.
Air passes the pharynx (which has the epiglottis that prevents food from entering the trachea).
The upper part of the trachea contains the larynx. The vocal cord are two bands of tissue that
extend across the opening of the larynx, after passing the larynx, the air moves into the
bronchi that carry air in and out of the lungs. The lungs and the alveoli and their relationship
to the diaphragm and capillaries. Bronchi branch into smaller and smaller tubes called
bronchioles. Bronchioles terminate in grape-like sac clusters known as alveoli. Alveoli are
surrounded by network of thin walled capillaries. Only about 0.2 microns separate the alveoli
from the capillaries due to extremely thin walls of both structures.
Thin sheets of epithelium (pleura) separate the inside of the chest cavity from the outer
surface of the lungs. The bottom of the thoracic cavity is formed by the diaphragm.
Ventilation is the mechanism of breathing in and out. When you inhale, muscles in the chest
wall contract, lifting the ribs and pulling them, outward. The diaphragm at this time moves
downward enlarging chest cavity. Reduced air pressure in the lung causes air to enter the
lungs.

https://www.online-sciences.com/the-living-organisms/the-function-of-the-respiratory-
system-and-the-importance-of-respiration-process/
Every cell in your body needs oxygen in order to live. The air we breathe contains oxygen
and other gases. Once in the lungs, oxygen is moved into the bloodstream and carried
through your body. At each cell in your body, oxygen is exchanged for a waste gas called
carbon dioxide. Apr 2, 2020
Every time you breathe in air, your diaphragm tightens, moving downward to make space in
your chest. Your lungs expand, pulling air in through your nose and/or mouth. That air then
moves down your trachea, through your bronchi and into the bronchioles, where it enters
your alveoli.
The circulatory and respiratory systems work together to circulate blood and oxygen
throughout the body. Air moves in and out of the lungs through the trachea, bronchi, and
bronchioles. Blood moves in and out of the lungs through the pulmonary arteries and veins
that connect to the heart.Nov 16, 2012

www.visiblebody.com › blog › anatomy-and-physiolog...

Blood from the heart flows through these capillaries and collects oxygen from the alveoli. At
the same time, carbon dioxide passes out of the capillaries and into the alveoli. When you
breathe out, you get rid of this carbon dioxide. The bright red, oxygen-rich blood is returned
to the heart and pumped out to the body.
Location and Structure of the Lungs
The lungs are a pair of elastic, spongy organs used in breathing. In humans the
lungs take up a lot of the chest cavity. They are located just behind, and to either
side of, the heart. They extend down from the collarbone to the diaphragm (the
muscular wall between the chest cavity and the abdominal cavity). In adult humans
each lung is 25 to 30 cm. long (10 to 12 in.) and roughly cone shaped. The right
lung is somewhat larger than the left lung because it has three lobes, or sections,
whereas the left lung has only two.
When we breathe, the air travels to the lungs through a series of tubes and
passages. The air enters the body through the nostrils or the mouth. It travels down
the throat to the windpipe. Inside the chest cavity the windpipe divides into two
branches, called the right and left bronchial tubes that enter the lungs. The large
bronchial tubes branch into ever smaller tubes, called bronchioles. These in turn
divide into even narrower tubes. Each small tube ends in clusters of thin-walled air
sacs, called alveoli. It is the alveoli that receive the oxygen and pass it on to the
blood.
The alveoli are surrounded by tiny blood vessels, called capillaries. The alveoli and
capillaries both have very thin walls, which allow the oxygen to pass from the
alveoli to the blood. The capillaries then connect to larger blood vessels, called
veins, which bring the oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart. The largest
veins that do this work are called the pulmonary veins, and they connect directly
to the heart.

Breathing and Respiration
Sometimes we use the terms breathing and respiration to mean the same thing, but
they actually are distinct processes. Breathing is the process of moving oxygen-
rich air into and out of the lungs. Respiration refers to how the cells of the body
use oxygen to create energy and how they exhale carbon dioxide that is a waste
product of this process.
The lungs have to work continuously because the body cells are constantly using
up oxygen and producing carbon dioxide. Unlike the heart, the lungs have no
muscle tissue. Instead, muscles in the rib cage and the diaphragm do all the work
of lifting the ribs upward and outward to let the air in, and then relaxing to force
the air out.

Gas Exchange
Why are oxygen and carbon dioxide such important gasses? All cells of the body
need energy to do their work. They get energy by combining sugars or other food
materials with oxygen. This chemical reaction is something like burning. Inside the
body cells the chemical reaction gives off heat and other forms of energy. This
energy provides the power we need to talk and move and think.
When a fire burns, carbon dioxide is formed. When a body cell combines sugar
with oxygen to get energy, carbon dioxide is formed there, too. But too much
carbon dioxide could poison a cell. They need some way to get rid of carbon
dioxide. The blood brings oxygen to the body cells and takes away their carbon
dioxide. The blood that travels back to the heart and lungs is dark red. It has picked
up carbon dioxide from the body cells, and it has left most of its oxygen with the
cells. We can think of the dark colored, carbon dioxide-rich blood as "used” blood.
This is the blood that the heart pumps into the lungs.
The carbon dioxide in the blood is exchanged for oxygen in the alveoli. These tiny
air sacs in the lungs are only one cell thick and they are surrounded by capillaries
that are also only one cell thick. Blood from the heart flows through these
capillaries and collects oxygen from the alveoli. At the same time, carbon dioxide
passes out of the capillaries and into the alveoli. When you breathe out, you get rid
of this carbon dioxide. The bright red, oxygen-rich blood is returned to the heart
and pumped out to the body. We can think of it as "fresh” blood -- it is as good as
new!

The human heart is an organ that pumps blood throughout the body via the circulatory
system, supplying oxygen and nutrients to the tissues and removing carbon dioxide and other
wastes.

"The tissues of the body need a constant supply of nutrition in order to be active," said Dr.
Lawrence Phillips, a cardiologist at NYU Langone Medical Center in New York. "If [the
heart] is not able to supply blood to the organs and tissues, they'll die."

Human heart anatomy

In humans, the heart is roughly the size of a large fist and weighs between about 10 to 12
ounces (280 to 340 grams) in men and 8 to 10 ounces (230 to 280 grams) in women,
according to Henry Gray's "Anatomy of the Human Body." 
The physiology of the heart basically comes down to "structure, electricity and plumbing,"
Phillips told Live Science.

https://www.emedicinehealth.com/image-gallery/heart_picture/images.htm

The human heart has four chambers: two upper chambers (the atria) and two lower ones (the
ventricles), according to the National Institutes of Health. The right atrium and right ventricle
together make up the "right heart," and the left atrium and left ventricle make up the "left
heart." A wall of muscle called the septum separates the two sides of the heart.
A double-walled sac called the pericardium encases the heart, which serves to protect the
heart and anchor it inside the chest. Between the outer layer, the parietal pericardium, and the
inner layer, the serous pericardium, runs pericardial fluid, which lubricates the heart during
contractions and movements of the lungs and diaphragm.

The heart's outer wall consists of three layers. The outermost wall layer, or epicardium, is the
inner wall of the pericardium.  The middle layer, or myocardium, contains the muscle that
contracts. The inner layer, or endocardium, is the lining that contacts the blood.

The tricuspid valve and the mitral valve make up the atrioventricular (AV) valves, which
connect the atria and the ventricles. The pulmonary semi-lunar valve separates the right
ventricle from the pulmonary artery, and the aortic valve separates the left ventricle from the
aorta. The heartstrings, or chordae tendinae, anchor the valves to heart muscles.

The sinoatrial node produces the electrical pulses that drive heart contractions.

Human heart function

The heart circulates blood through two pathways: the pulmonary circuit and the systemic
circuit.

In the pulmonary circuit, deoxygenated blood leaves the right ventricle of the heart via the
pulmonary artery and travels to the lungs, then returns as oxygenated blood to the left atrium
of the heart via the pulmonary vein.

In the systemic circuit, oxygenated blood leaves the body via the left ventricle to the aorta,
and from there enters the arteries and capillaries where it supplies the body's tissues with
oxygen. Deoxygenated blood returns via veins to the venae cavae, re-entering the heart's right
atrium.

Of course, the heart is also a muscle, so it needs a fresh supply of oxygen and nutrients, too,
Phillips said.

The cardiovascular system circulates blood from the heart to the lungs and around the body
via blood vessels. (Image credit: The BioDigital HumanTM developed by NYU School of
Medicine and BioDigital Systems LLC)
"After the blood leaves the heart through the aortic valve, two sets of arteries bring
oxygenated blood to feed the heart muscle," he said. The left main coronary artery, on one
side of the aorta, branches into the left anterior descending artery and the left circumflex
artery. The right coronary artery branches out on the right side of the aorta.

Blockage of any of these arteries can cause a heart attack, or damage to the muscle of the
heart, Phillips said. A heart attack is distinct from cardiac arrest, which is a sudden loss of
heart function that usually occurs as a result of electrical disturbances of the heart rhythm. A
heart attack can lead to cardiac arrest, but the latter can also be caused by other problems, he
said.
The heart contains electrical "pacemaker" cells, which cause it to contract — producing a
heartbeat.

"Each cell has the ability to be the 'band leader' and [to] have everyone follow," Phillips said.
In people with an irregular heartbeat, or atrial fibrillation, every cell tries to be the band
leader, he said, which causes them to beat out of sync with one another.

A healthy heart contraction happens in five stages. In the first stage (early diastole), the heart
is relaxed. Then the atrium contracts (atrial systole) to push blood into the ventricle. Next, the
ventricles start contracting without changing volume. Then the ventricles continue
contracting while empty. Finally, the ventricles stop contracting and relax. Then the cycle
repeats. 

Valves prevent backflow, keeping the blood flowing in one direction through the heart.

Facts about the human heart

• A human heart is roughly the size of a large fist.
• The heart weighs between about 10 to 12 ounces (280 to 340 grams) in
men and 8 to 10 ounces (230 to 280 grams) in women.
• The heart beats about 100,000 times per day (about 3 billion beats in a
lifetime).
• An adult heart beats about 60 to 80 times per minute.
• the' hearts beat faster than adult hearts, about 70 to 190 beats per
minute.
 • The heart pumps about 6 quarts (5.7 liters) of blood throughout the
body.
• The heart is located in the center of the chest, usually pointing slightly
left.

What’s More
Test Yourself.
• Multiple Choice. Copy the letter that corresponds to the word or phrase
that best answers the question or complete the sentence.
• A rich blood from the lung returns to which chamber of the heart?
• Right atrium
• Right ventricle
• Left atrium
• Left ventricle
• Which statement is true of arteries?
• Arteries move blood away from the heart.
• Arteries carry oxygen-poor blood
• Arteries move blood toward the heart.
• Arteries connect to the atria of the heart.

• Vocal cords are made up of______.

• Elastic ligaments
• Cartilage
• Muscles
• Fibers
 • Blood platelets are formed in the ____.
• Spleen
• Thymus
• Lymph node
• Bone marrow
• The heart is supplied with blood via the ____.
• Coronary artery
• Aorta
• Pulmonary artery
• Systemic artery
A. Briefly answer the following questions:

• Explain how the respiratory and circulatory systems work together to

transport nutrients, gases, and other molecules to and from the different parts of the body.
• How the heart function as a pump?
• Explain how the lungs work.
• Why do we need oxygen?
• What is the function of the respiratory system?
• Starting from the nose, list the main parts of the respiratory system.
Source : ExploringLifeThroughScience-BiologyTeachingGuidepp202-208
• Describe the movement of the lungs and diaphragm when you exhale
and when you inhale. Relate this to air flow into and out of the body.
• Why are oxygen and carbon dioxide such important gasses?

What I Have Learned

• Respiratory system is gas exchange that brings out oxygen into the body
and gets rid of carbon dioxide.
• Respiration is a process in which simple food substances are broken
down and the energy they contain is released. This occurs in the cellular level.
• 3. Breathing is the act of gas exchange that eliminates waste product of
respiration (carbon dioxide) from the organism.
•

• Blood from the heart flows through these capillaries and collects

oxygen from the alveoli. At the same time, carbon dioxide passes out of the capillaries
and into the alveoli. When you breathe out, you get rid of this carbon dioxide. The
bright red, oxygen-rich blood is returned to the heart and pumped out to the body.

• The circulatory and respiratory systems work together to circulate

blood and oxygen throughout the body. Air moves in and out of the lungs through the
trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles. Blood moves in and out of the lungs through the
pulmonary arteries and veins that connect to the heart.

• A human heart is roughly the size of a large fist.

• The heart weighs between about 10 to 12 ounces (280 to 340 grams) in
men and 8 to 10 ounces (230 to 280 grams) in women.
• The heart beats about 100,000 times per day (about 3 billion beats in a
 lifetime).
• An adult heart beats about 60 to 80 times per minute.
• Newborns' hearts beat faster than adult hearts, about 70 to 190 beats
per minute.
• The heart pumps about 6 quarts (5.7 liters) of blood throughout the
body.
• The heart is located in the center of the chest, usually pointing slightly
left.
• The ALVEOLI are the very small air sacs that are the destination of air that
you breathe in. The CAPILLARIES are blood vessels that are imbedded in the walls of the
alveoli. Blood passes through the capillaries, brought to them by the PULMONARY
ARTERY and taken away by the PULMONARY VEIN. While in the capillaries, the blood
moves carbon dioxide into the alveoli and takes up oxygen from the air in the alveoli.

What I Can Do
• Complete the table below.

Organs

System where the organs belong

Function

• ______

_________

Pumps blood to all parts of the body.

• alveoli

________

__________

• ______

Carry deoxygenated blood to the heart

Passageway of air into the lungs.

•
the best entrance for outside air into your body
Source : quintinitarosalyntestquestion

• Answer the following questions briefly.

• What happens to a diaphragm when a person breathes in or inhale?

• Why is the human heart calling a double pump?

• How does singing from the diaphragm, instead of the throat, help
improve the voice quality of a singer?

• The nutrients obtained from the food during digestion are supplied by
the circulatory system to the body. What does the circulatory system distribute to the
body as it works with the respiratory system?

• What are the organs of the circulatory system? Define each.

Source: Science9Learner’sMaterialpp28-29DepEd

Assessment
Multiple Choice. Read the questions carefully and choose the letter of the best answer. Write
your answer in your answer sheet.
• What happens to the diaphragm when a person breathes in or inhale?
• The diaphragm carries blood throughout the body.
• The diaphragm prevents the blood from flowing back.
• The diaphragm contracts allowing more air in the chest cavity.
• The diaphragm is the empty rube that serves as passageway of air into
the lungs.
• How does the heart work?
• The heart carries deoxygenated blood.
• The heart carries the materials throughout the body.
• The heart controls the movement of blood into the heart chambers and
out to the aorta and the pulmonary artery.
• The heart propels the blood which carries all the vital materials and
removes the wastes products that we do not need.
• How do the heart and the lungs work together?
• Air first enters your lungs and then into the left part of your heat. It is
then pumped by your heart into the bloodstream, all the way through your body. Once
it reaches the cells, oxygen process the nutrients to release energy.
• The lungs act as double pump which propels blood to all parts of the
body while the heart filters blood and oxygen to be distributed to all parts of the body.
• Air first enters your lungs and then into the left part of your heat. It is
then pumped by your heart into the bloodstream, all the way through your body. Once
it reaches the cells, carbon dioxide processes the nutrients to release energy.
• Lungs act as valve that prevents the flow of the blood backward while
the heart is a hollow muscular organ that is the main storage of the oxygen in the
body.
• What takes place when you inhale and exhale?
• There is now more space and less air pressure inside the lungs.
• The air pushes in from the outside where there is higher pressure.
• The air we breathe goes through the nose, nasal passages and then
through the trachea
• Gas exchange happens when we inhale and exhale. We take in oxygen,
and gives off carbon dioxide.
• Why is oxygen important to your body?
• Oxygen is important because it emits carbon dioxide.
• Oxygen is important because it delivers nutrients and other substances
that needed by the body.
• Oxygen is important to our body because it is one of the substances
needed by the cells in order to make energy.
• Oxygen is important because it propels the blood, which carries all the
vital materials and removes the waste products that we do not need.
• How will you explain the pathway of oxygen in the breathing system?
• From the nose and mouth, oxygen travels to the bronchi, trachea,
bronchioles and then into the alveoli.
• From the nose and mouth, oxygen travels to the bronchioles, bronchi,
trachea and then into the alveoli.
• From the nose and mouth, oxygen travels to the alveoli, bronchioles,
bronchi, and then into the alveoli.
• From the nose and mouth, oxygen travels to the trachea, bronchi,
bronchioles, and then into the alveoli.
• What will happen if oxygen is NOT transported by the blood to the
different parts of the body?
• The cells in our body will be able to process less nutrients to provide
energy for the body.
• The cells in our body will be able to process more nutrients to provide
energy for the body.
• The cells in our body will be able to process the nutrients to provide
energy for the body and they will not die.
• The cells in our body will not be able to process the nutrients to
provide energy for the body and they will die.
• Why the human heart is called a double pump?
• The heart pumps allowing more air into the chest cavity.
• The heart pumps at the left side, to circulate the blood throughout the
 body.
• The heart pumps on one side, the right, to circulate the blood
throughout the body.
• The heart pumps on every side, the left and the right, to circulate the
blood throughout the body.
• How does blood vessel work?
• Pumps blood throughout the body.
• Carries deoxygenated blood to the heart
• Carries materials throughout the body
• Carries the blood throughout the body.
• Why do gym instructors or PE teachers instruct you to breathe deeply when
exercising?

• Since exercise leads to hard breathing and sweating deep breathing is needed
to allow enough oxygen to get in the lungs and get rid of wastes in the form of carbon
dioxide.

• Since exercise leads to hard breathing and sweating is NOT needed to allow
enough oxygen to get in the lungs and get rid of wastes in the form of oxygen.

• Oxygen is NOT needed during exercising because our body has enough
supply of it.

• None of the above.

Source: quintinitarosalyntestquestionforperiodicaltest.

Additional Activities

https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Respiratory-and-Circulatory-System-Quizzes-
949282

Answer Key
Assessment
• C
 • D
• A
• D
• D
• D
• D
• D
• D
• A
Assessment
• C
• D
• A
• D
• D
• D
• D
• D
• D
• A
What's More
• C
• B
• A
• D
• A
B 1-8 ANSWERS VARY

What's More
• C
• B
• A
• D
• A
B 1-8 ANSWERS VARY

What I Know
• A 7. +
• D
• A 8. +
• A
• B 9. 0
1.+
2. + 10.+
3. 0
4. +
5. +
6. +
7
What I Know
• A 7. +
• D
• A 8. +
 • A
• B 9. 0
1.+
2. + 10.+
3. 0
4. +
5. +
6. +
7
References

SCIENCE LEARNER’S MATERIAL PAGES 2-27

SCIENCE TEACHER’S GUIDE PAGES 2-24

Source : ExploringLifeThroughScience-BiologyTeachingGuidepp202-208,2017-220-224

https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Respiratory-and-Circulatory-System-Quizzes-
949282

quintinitarosalyntestquestionforperiodicaltest.

https://www.emedicinehealth.com/image-gallery/heart_picture/images.htm
 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex

Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600

Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

Email Address: blr.lrqad@deped.gov.ph * blr.lrpd@deped.gov.ph

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex

Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600

Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

Email Address: blr.lrqad@deped.gov.ph * blr.lrpd@deped.gov.ph