STPM 2021 – MATHEMATICS T 954/P1

2 2. A sequence u1, u2, u3, . . . is defined by the recursive formula ur = 2ur -- 2 – 7

1. The functions of f, g and h are defined by f(x) = 3x + 2, g(x) = , where x ≠ 0,
x for r ≥ 3 with u1 = p and u2 = q.
8 2
and h(x) = + x , where x ≠ – respectively. (a) Show that
9x  6 3
(i) u6 = 22q – 2(7) – 7, [1]
(a) Find g(f(x)) and g2(x), where g2(x) is (g o g)(x). Hence, deduce g12(x). [5]
(ii) u8 = 23q – 22(7) – 2(7) – 7. [1]
(b) Express h(x) in terms of f(x) or g(x) or both. [3]
Hence, find the explicit formula for u2r and u2r -- 1 , where n ≥ 1. [5]
2 2 2
(a) g(f(x)) = = , where x ≠ – th
(b) Given that the 18 term of the sequence is 137 times the fifth term of the
f( x) 3x  2 3
sequence. Express q in terms of p. [2]
2 2 2
g (x ) = = = x , where x ≠ 0 (a) (i) u6 = 2u4 – 7 = 2(2u2 – 7) – 7 = 22q – 2(7) – 7
g( x ) 2
x
(ii) u8 = 2u6 – 7 = 2[22q – 2(7) – 7] – 7 = 23q – 22(7) – 2(7) – 7
g6(x) = g2 g2 g2(x) = g2 g2(x) = g2(x) = x
 g12(x) = g6 g6(x) = g6(x) = x , where x ≠ 0  u2r = 2r -- 1q – 2r -- 2 (7) – 2r -- 3 (7) – . . . – 22(7) – 2(7) – 7

= 2r -- 1q – 7[ 2 r -- 2 + 2 r -- 3 + . . . + 22 + 2 + 1]
(2 r -- 1 -- 1)
(b) h(x) =
8
+x=
4(2) 4
+ g2(x) = g(f(x)) + g2(x) , where x ≠ –
2 = 2r -- 1q – (7) = (q -- 7)2r -- 1 + 7
9x  6 2 -- 1
3(3 x  2) 3 3
u5 = 2u3 – 7 = 2(2u1 – 7) – 7 = 22p – 2(7) – 7
u7 = 2u5 – 7 = 2[22p – 2(7) – 7] – 7 = 23p – 22(7) – 2(7) – 7
 u2r -- 1 = 2r -- 1 p – 2r -- 2 (7) – 2r -- 3 (7) – . . . – 22(7) – 2(7) – 7

= 2r -- 1 p – 7[ 2 r -- 2 + 2 r -- 3 + . . . + 22 + 2 + 1]
(2 r -- 1 -- 1)
= 2r -- 1 p – (7) = ( p -- 7)2r -- 1 + 7
2 -- 1

(b) u18 = 137u5 : (q – 7)28 + 7 = 137[(p – 7)22 + 7]

1
 q = (137p – 273)
64
 1 2 s 
 
3. The matrix P is given by P =  1 s 2r  , where r and s are constants. 4. lf 1 + 2i is one of the root of the equation x4 – 6x3 + 26x2 – 46x + 65 = 0,
  find all the other roots of the equation. [7]
 1 r 2s 

(a) Show that determinant of P is (r – s)(4 – 2r – s). [3] Since all coefficients of the polynomial equtionare real numbers,
conjugate of (1 + 2i), (1 – 2i) is also a root of the equation.
(b) Hence, determine whether the system of linear equations
 SOR = 2 and POR = 5
3x + 6y – 6z = 4
x – 2y + 6z = 5  x4 – 6x3 + 26x2 – 46x + 65 = (x2 – 2x + 5)(x2 – 4x + 13)
2x + 6y – 8z = 3
has a unique solution. [5] x4 – 6x3 + 26x2 – 46x + 65 = 0 : [(x – 1)2 + 4][(x – 2)2 + 9] = 0
 (x – 1)2 + 4 = 0 or (x – 2)2 + 9 = 0
(a) Det(P) = (1)(2s2 – 2r2) – (1)(4s – rs) + (1)(4r – s2)
 x = 1 + 2i, 1 – 2i, 2 + 3i, 2 – 3i
= 2(s – r)(s + r) + 4(r – s) + s(r – s)
 The other roots are 1 – 2i, 2 + 3i, 2 – 3i
= (r – s)[ –2(s + r) + 4 + s] = (r – s)(4 – 2r – s)

3x + 6y – 6z = 4
x – 2y + 6z = 5
2x + 6y – 8z = 3
x + 2y – 2z = 4  1 2 --2   x   4 3 
3     
x – 2y + 6z = 5  1 --2 6   y  =  5 
 1 3 --4   z   3 
x + 3y – 4z = 3     2
2

 x  43
   
For r = 3 , s = –2 : P y =  5  and Det(P) = [3 – (–2)][4 – 2(3) – (–2)] = 0
 z  3 
   2

Since Det(P) = 0  P is a singular matrix (with no inverse) for r = 3 , s = –2

 System of linear equations does not has a unique solution.
5. Given the equation of a hyperbola is 16x2 – 9y2 + 64x + 18y – 89 = 0. 6. The position vectors of points P and Q relative to the origin O are 3i + 3j – 7k
and 6i + 3j – 4k respectively. The point R divides the line PQ in the ratio 2 : 1.
(a) Determine the standard form of the equation, and find the centre and
foci of the hyperbola. [4] Show that PQ and OR are perpendicular. [5]
(b) Determine the equations of the asymptotes. [2] PR = 2 RQ : OR – OP = 2(OQ – OR) 1
2 ●R ●
(c) Sketch the graph of the hyperbola. [2]
 3 OR = OP + 2 OQ ●P Q

(a) 16x2 – 9y2 + 64x + 18y – 89 = 0 (c) 1

y  OR = [(3i + 3j – 7k) + 2(6i + 3j – 4k)] = 5i + 3j – 5k
2 2 3
16(x + 4x) – 9(y – 2y) = 89
16(x + 2)2 – 9(y – 1)2 = 144 4y – 3x = 10 PQ = OQ – OP = (6i + 3j – 4k) – (3i + 3j – 7k) = 3i + 3k
2
( x  2)2
( y -- 1)

(–2, 1)
– =1 PQ ● OR = (3i + 3k) ● (5i + 3j – 5k) = 15 + 0 – 15 = 0
9 16
(–7, 1) (3, 1)
a2 = 9, b2 = 16 : c = 9  16 = 5 ● ● ●  PQ and OR are perpendicular
0 x
Centre : (–2, 1)
Foci : (–7, 1) , (3, 1)
4y + 3x = – 2
( y -- 1) ( x  2)
(b) Asymptotes : =±
3 4
 4y – 3x = 10 , 4y + 3x = – 2
 2
7. The function f is defined by f : x → ln (3x – 2) + 5, where x > .
3 (c) 2
(a) Find f –1, and state its domain and range. [4] y x=
3
y = f –1 (x) y=x
(b) Find the exact value of the x-coordinate of the point where the curve y = f(x)
cuts the x-axis and the exact value of the y-coordinate of the point where the
curve y = f –1(x) cuts the y-axis. [3]

(c) Sketch on the same coordinate axes, graphs y = f (x) and y = f –1(x). 1 y = f (x )
[4] (2 + e -- 5 )
3 ●
(d) Find the domain and range for each of the functions f o f –1 and f –1 o f, y=
2
and sketch graphs y = (f o f –1)(x) and y = (f –1 o f)(x). [4] 3
0 ●1 x
–1 –1 –1 1 (2 + e -- 5 )
(a) f o f (x ) = x : ln [3 f (x ) – 2 ] + 5 = x  f (x) = [2  e x -- 5 ] 3
3
1
 f –1 : x → [2  e x -- 5 ] , where x  .
3
(d) Domain of f o f –1 : {xx  } , Range of f o f –1 : {xx  }
Domain of f –1 : {xx  } , Range of f –1 : { xx > 2 }
3
Domain of f –1 o f : { xx > 2 } , Range of f –1 o f : { xx > 2 }
3 3
y y
(b) y = f(x) with x-axis (y = 0) : ln (3x – 2) + 5 = 0  3x – 2 = e -- 5

1 y = (f o f–1)(x) y = (f –1 o f)(x)
 x= (2 + e -- 5 )
3

y = f –1(x) with y-axis (x = 0) : y=

1
[ 1
2  e0 -- 5 ] = (2 + e -- 5 ) 0 x ●● ( 23 , 23 )
3 3
0 x
8. A plane π1, passes through the points A(1, 2, – 1), B(0, 2, 1) and C(2, – 4, 1).

The plane intersects with the plane π2 : 2x + 2y – z = – 5 at line ℓ. (c) P(0, m, n) lies on π1 : 6(0) + 2(m) + 3(n) = 7  2m + 3n = 7

(a) Find the Carlesian equation of the plane π1. [5] P(0, m, n) lies on π2 : 2(0) + 2(m) – (n) = – 5  2m – n = – 5

(b) Find the angle between the planes π1 and π2. [4]  m = –1, n = 3
 6   2  -- 2 -- 6   --2 
(c) Determine the values of m and n such that the point P(0, m, n) lies on both        
 2  x  2  =  -- (-- 6 -- 6)  = 4  3 
planes π1 and π2. Hence, find the vector equation of the line ℓ. [6]  3   --1   12 -- 4   2
      
 0   1   --1   2   1   1
             0  --2 
(a) AB = OB – OA =  2  –  2  =  0  , AC = OC – OA =  --4  –  2  =  --6     
 1   --1   2   1   --1   2   ℓ : r =  --1  +   3  , for all values of .
             3  2
   
 --1   1   0  12   6
       
 0  x  --6  =  -- (-- 2 -- 2)  = 2  2 
 2  2  6 -- 0   3
      

 6  0  6
     
π1 : r ●  2  =  2 ●  2 = 0 + 4 + 3  6x + 2y + 3 z = 7
 3   1  3 
     

 6   2
   
(b)  2  ●  2  = 62  22  32 . 22  22  (-- 1)2 cos θ
 3   --1 
   
12  4 -- 3 13
 cos θ = =  θ = 51.8o
7(3) 21

 Angle between the planes = 51.8o (must state explicitly)