Name : Rayhan Nauval

Student’s Id : 190121009

The Conquest of Makkah

The Muslim army, consisting of 10,000 strong Muslims, set out for Mecca on Tuesday, 31 October
629 (10 Ramadan, AH 8. This was the largest Muslim force ever assembled as of that time.
Muhammad ordered every man to light a fire so as to make the Meccans overestimate the size of
the army.[2]

Meanwhile, Abu Sufyan ibn Harb travelled back and forth between Muhammad and Mecca, still
trying to reach a settlement in order to avoid conquest. According to the sources, he found
assistance in Muhammad's uncle Al-Abbas, though some scholars[who?] consider that historians
writing under the rule of Abbas' descendants, the Abbasid Dynasty, had exaggerated Abbas' role and
downplayed the role of Abu Sufyan, who was the ancestor of the Abbaside's enemies.[10]

The 200-mile journey to Marr-uz-Zahran, located ten miles northwest of Mecca, took about a week.
The army arrived there on Monday, 16 Ramadan and the assault on Mecca began the following day.
Mecca lies in the Valley of Ibrahim, surrounded by black rugged hills reaching heights of 1,000 ft (300
m) at some places. There were four entry routes through passes in the hills. These were from the
north-west, the south-west, the south, and the north-east. Muhammad divided the Muslim army
into four columns: one to advance through each pass. The main column in which Muhammad was
present was commanded by Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah. It was tasked to enter Mecca through the
main Medina route, from the north-west near Azakhir. Muhammad's cousin Zubayr ibn al-Awam
commanded the second column and it would enter Mecca from the south-west, through a pass west
of Kuda hill. The column entering from the south through Kudai was under the leadership of
Muhammad's cousin Ali ibn Abi Talib. The last column under Khalid ibn al-Walid was tasked to enter
from the north-east, through Khandama and Lait.

Their tactic was to advance simultaneously from all sides targeting a single central objective. This
would lead to the dispersion of enemy forces and prevent their concentration on any one front.
Another important reason for this tactic was that even if one or two of the attacking columns faced
stiff resistance and became unable to break through, then the attack could continue from other
flanks. This would also prevent any of the Quraysh from escaping.

Muhammad emphasized on refraining from fighting unless Quraysh attacked. The Muslim army
entered Mecca on Monday, 11 December 629 (18 Ramadan 8 hijrah). The entry was peaceful and
bloodless on three sectors except for that of Khalid's column. The hardened anti-Muslims like
Ikrimah and Sufwan gathered a band of Quraysh fighters and faced Khalid's column. The Quraysh
attacked the Muslims with swords and bows, and the Muslims charged the Quraysh's positions. After
a short skirmish, the Quraysh gave ground after losing twelve men. The Muslims lost two warriors.

Teaching Steps Using This Doesn’t Belong Here Method

1. Open the class with salaam and du’a
2. Apperception
3. Tell the student the material that will be disscussed for the meeting (Read a song lyrics)
4. Giving them this text with mixed parts
5. Asking them to replace with the right ones
6. Report it back
7. The end.
Teaching Steps Using Word Detective Method
1. Open the class with salaam and du’a
2. Apperception
3. Tell the student the material that will be disscussed for the meeting (Read a song lyrics)
4. Giving them this text to read
5. Giving them some question sheet
6. Asking them to do it
7. Collect it
8. The end.