GLOBAL MIGRATION

GLOBAL MIGRATION most global migration is from developing countries to developed ones. Global migration
can be understood as a cause and effect relationship, though the causes are just as numerous as their effects.
People move across international borders for a variety of reasons. It is a situation in which people go to live in
foreign countries, especially to find work.

WHY DO PEOPLE MOVE?

 ECONOMIC REASONS
Lack of employment opportunities or differentials in employment opportunities and wages; the lure of a well-
paid job in a wealthy country is a powerful driver of international migration. Lack of educational institutions
across developing countries has also tremendously contributed to the reasons for migration.
 POLITICAL REASONS
The unattractiveness of agricultural activities, disasters, lack of basic amenities (roads, electricity, portable
water, and inadequate health care facilities) and industrial ventures in countries have also encouraged
international migration.
 SOCIAL FACTORS
Socially factors are things that affect someone's lifestyle. These could include wealth, religion, buying habits,
education level, family size and structure and population density.
 CULTURAL FACTORS
The idea of culture is vital to understanding the implications for translation and, despite the differences of
opinion as to whether language is a part of culture or not, the two are connected. Culture range from syntax,
ideologies, religion, language and dialect, to art and literacy.
 PUSH-PULL FACTOR
In geographical terms, the push-pull factors are those that drive people away from a place and draw people to a
new location. A combination of push-pull factors helps determine migration or immigration of particular
populations from one land to another. Push Factors: Reasons to Leave Factors that help migrants decide to
leave their home. Pull Factors: Reasons to Migrate Factors that attract people and area where immigrants are
going.

Migration affects both the place of origin and the place of destination on the various aspects such as
environmental aspects, economic aspects, health and social aspects.
• Environmental aspects: Migration of people has the direct effect on both, the place of origin and the place
of destination. Problems like settlement, over-exploitation of resources, and the pollution of different kinds will
be visible.
• Economic aspects: The consequence on the place of origin will be a loss of economically active groups of
the population.
• Health and social aspects: The places of destination are normally those places where facilities are made
available to a limited extent so as to fulfil the needs of the native dwellers. However, the places overcrowd with
the constant flow of migrants, and facilities and other needs become insufficient.

OFW
An Overseas Filipino Worker (Filipino: Pilipino sa Ibayong-dagat) is a person of Filipino origin who lives
outside the Philippines. This term applies to Filipinos who are abroad indefinitely as citizens or as permanent
residents of a different country and to those Filipino citizens abroad for a limited, definite period, such as on a
work contract or as students. OFWs The life of "OFW" is not easy, they work to foreign country and sacrifice.
They go and find a job there, so that they will be able to earn money to support the daily needs and give a better
future to their family left here in the Philippines.

GLOBAL MIGRATION AND LABOR EXPORT PUSH FACTORS FROM HOMELAND

• Unemployment
• Social Unrest/ Rebellion
• Political Crisis
• Poverty
• Minimum Wages
• Poor Living Condition
• Corruption in The Government
• Lack of Employment Opportunities
• Social Mobility
• Government Policies Pull Factors to The Destination Country Better Working Conditions High Standard Of
Living Attractive Compensation Package More Employment Opportunities

Global migration and labor export the Philippines’ labor export policy (LEP) pd 442 (Labor code of 1974) ‘ to
strengthen the network of public employment offices and placement of workers, locally and overseas, to serve
national development objectives” LEP as a solution to social unrest massive domestic unemployment rate
political crisis poverty

OFWs in focus the negative impact of the LEP in the Philippine economy neglect / failure to modernize
manufacturing and agricultural sector negative balance of trade. (Export vs. import) poor investments in
infrastructure, agriculture, mining and social development inability to pursue sound and long term economic
policies

Global migration and labor export:

 Exploitation of the overseas Filipino workers Low Salaries
 Below the Minimum Wages in host country less compensation and benefits Racial Discrimination
Physical abuse and maltreatment
 Death Involvement in the transnational crimes (drug mules)
 Threats on the Labor Export Policy Deskilling of migrant labor in many immigration countries
 Mismatch of jobs (DH as former professionals e.g teachers, etc)
 Shortage of health professional
 Full-blown crisis in the health care system Social Cost

NEGATIVE impact on Families of OFWs

Broken Marriages
Drug Addiction
Sexual Immorality
School Drop-outs
Suicide
Psychological Breakdown