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SUlTAN IDRlS EDUCATION UNIVERSlTY

UNIVERSITI PENDIDIKAN SULTAN lORIS

FINAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTER 2 SESSION 2015/2016

CODE: SBU1023 COURSE: BIODIVERSITY OF

PLANTAE AND ANIMALIA

DATE: 0 3 MAR 7016 DURATION: 2 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS
1. This question paper consists TWO (2) section: A and B.
2. Answer ALL questions in Section A and Section B. rJ lJ!!!l!l
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3. Answer all questions in Section A in 8MR paper.
4. Answer all questions in Section B in the booklet provided.

This question paper consists of 21 printed pages including front page

PROGRAMME:
----------------------------------------
YEAR: CLASS GROUP:

REGISTRATIONNO : _

IDENTITY CARD NO :
LECTURER:

DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

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 SBU1023 Biodiversity of Plantae and Animalia
2

...G6832 ~ SECTION A (40 marks) 0" pto,..

Instruction:Answer all questions

1. Which of the following statements about Lamarck is true?

A. Lamarck was wholly wrong.

8. Lamarck thought evolution had occurred.
C. Lamarck published his idea only after Darwin published his.
D. Lamarck's proposed individuals evolved by the principle of use and disuse.

2. Which of the following conclusions could you correctly draw after studying the figure
Figure 1?

Hyracoldea
(Hyraxes)
Sirenia
(Manatees
and relatives)

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Elephas rnaxirnus
~~ ...
(Asia)
Loxodonta a'rlc:ana
(Africa)

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Millions of' years ago
Years ago

Figure 1

A Manatees are more closely related to the living elephant species than
hyraxes are.
B. Barytherium is an ancestor of P/atybe/odon but not of the manatees and relatives.
C. Loxodonta cy/otis is more closely related to loxodonta africana than to Elephas
maximus.
D. Mammut shared a more recent common ancestor with Stegodon than with
Elephas maximus.

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SBUl023 Biodiversity oj Plantae and Animalia
3

3. Imagine a species of bird in which females prefer to mate with brightly coloured
moles. However, hawks more often prey upon males with bright backs. Assuming
that a wide variety of genetic variation exists in the species, which do you think is
the most likely evolutionary outcome?
A. Females will not mate.
B. Males will be selected to be brightly
coloured.
C. Males will be selected to have bright chest and dull
backs.
D. The species will go extinct because the hawks catch all the
males.

4. Which of the following statement make scientist proposed evolutionary view of the
history of life on Earth?
A. Coal deposits are found in Antarctica.
B. New mammal fossils are discovered in the oldest rocks on
Earth.
C. Horse fossils occur in North America even though there were no wild horses
in
North American in 1492.
D. Both sugar gliders (Australia) and flying squirrels (North America) use flaps
of skin to help them glide from one tree to another.

5. In what type of environment is a scientist most likely to find examples of on-going b ps

speciation?
A. Areas such as large plains that facilitate migration of animals.
B. Extreme physical environment that is marginal for supporting
life.
C. Areas that have undergone recent environmental disturbance or change.
D. Areas that have a large range of altitudes, such as mountains and deep
valleys.

6. Prokaryotic cell do not contains which of the following?

I. DNA
II. A nuclear membrane
III. One or more chromosom
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I,ll and III
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SBU1023 Biodiversity of Plantae and Animalia
4

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7. What is a true statement of archaeans?
A. They are extremophiles.
B. They are the cause of many human diseases.
C. They have undergone horizontal gene transfer with bacteria and with
eukaryotes. D. Structurally, they represent an intermediate form between bacteria
cells and
eukaryotic cells.

8. Which of the following characteristics structures or processes is common to both

bacteria and viruses?
A. Metabolism.
B. Ribosomes.
C. Cell division.
D. Genetic material composed of nucleic acid.

9. Which of the following statements best describes most bacteria?

A. They are generally harmful.
B. They are limited to living in a few habitats.
C. They are responsible for the "common cold".
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10. Which of the following represents a difference between viruses and viroids?
A. Viruses contain introns, whereas viroids have only exons.
B. Viruses have capsids composed of protein, where as viroids have no capsids.
C. Viruses infect many types of cells, whereas viroids infect only prokaryotic cells.
D. Viruses always have genomes composed of DNA, whereas viroids always have
genomes composed of RNA.

11. Most human-infecting viruses are maintained in the human population only. However,
there are diseases that could be transmitted. from other vertebrates to humans.
Choose an example of these diseases.
A. HIV
B. Influenza
C. Cancer
D. Smallpox

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 SBV1023 Biodiversity of Plantae and Animalia
5

12. Which of the following is characteristic of the lytic cycle?

A. Viral DNA is incorporated into the host
genome. B. A large number of phage is released
at a time.
C. Many bacterial cells containing viral DNA are produced.
D. The viral genomes replicate without destroying the
host.

13. Which of the following characteristic is not an adaptation of vertebrates to living

on land?
A. Scales
B. Lungs
C. Claws
D. Amniotic egg

For question no. 14-15, refer to Figure 2:

.s: (,')
W (,') :>-0
~ 10 u:::: a
ID
15
(_)
Q)
(_) :crt
-E (JO
E
:: :s g :c 0::;

= 'ta=03- -I

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cr
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(_) =
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(.;)
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Figure 2
14. The phylogeny tree in Figure 2 indicates that birds are most closely related to
A. reptiles.
B. mammal.
C. tunicates.
D. bony fishes.

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 SBW023 Biodiversity of Plantae and Animalia
6

15. This phylogeny tree in Figure 2 indicates that the most recent ancestors of reptiles,
birds and mammals are
A. sharks.
B. bony fish.
C. lampreys.
D. amphibians.

16. Sharks must continually swim because they lack of

A. gills.
B. lungs.
C. pectoral fins.
D. swim bladder.

17. The reproduction of birds involve _

A. internal fertilization.
B. the production of amniotes eggs.
C. caring for chicks until independent.
D. all of the above.

18. Offspring that are born at a relatively advanced stage of development are associated
with mammals.
I. monotreme
II. marsupial
III. placental
A. I and II only
B. land III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

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 SBU1023 Biodiversity of Plantae and Animalia
7

19. Both birds and mammals

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I. are endothermic
Il. have four chamber hearts
III. have efficient respiratory systems
A . I and" only
8. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

20. Which of these is not a characteristic of all arthropods?

A. Six legs
8. Exoskeleton
C. Lacks a backbone
D. Jointed appendages

21. Which of these is a mollusk?

A. Leech
8. Squid
~ C.Jellyfish
D. Polychaete
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22.
Which
of
these is
a
segme
nted
worm?
A
.

C
l
a
m
8
.

S
q
u
i
d
C
.

S
o
w
 SBU1023 Biodiversity of Plantae and Animalia
7
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b
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D w
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P r
o m
l
y D
c .
h
a h
e e
t a
e r
t
w

A
o
23. Which of the following is an example of a roundworm?
o
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m

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l
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w
o
r
m

B
.

P
l
a
n
a
r
i
a
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SBU1023 Biodiversity of Plantae and Animalia
8

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Question 24-25 refer to Figure 3

B

Fi
24. What
type of
symmetry
is
represent
ed by B?
A.
asym
metry
B.
radial
symm
etry
C.
biradi
al
symm
etry
D.
bilater
al
symm
etry

25. s
Wh h
ich A
of
the .
foll S
owi
ng t
ani
o
ma
ls r
ha
s k
?
the
typ B
e
of .
sy S
m
me e
try
a
 s sy s
mm B
t etry s.
a . l at
ta
r C. i c
bila h
ter f e
C al s
sy e to
. mm , a
etry s
. ol
S id
D. a s
p bot u
h rf
o radi a
c
al c
n
and o e.
g bila
ter r C
e al a .
D sy h
. mm l a
etry s
S . th
e p e
a m
27. o e
u d
A l u
r
c t y s
h a
i p b
n o
t d
h _ y
26, The bodies of cnidarians pl
have _ e a
n.
A
A
. b . D
.
n e b
o ur
g f
ro
s i e w
y s
m n e in
m to
n d
e th
t i s e
r m
y n u
. d
g o
o
B n n
. th
o l e
r o
a f y
c
d e
i a
a i o n
l fl
t n
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r u

. a
pt

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SBU1023 Biodiversity of Plantae and Animalia
9

28. Which of the following is true of all mollusks? (~

~ pt up
A They have shells.
B. They have segments.
C. They have soft bodies.
D. They have a closed Circulatorysystem.

29. Below are statements true about dinoflagellates except _

A they have chlorophyll
B. some cause red tides
C. they possess two unequal flagella
D. their fossil remains form limestone deposit

30. What is the characteristic pigment of the red algae?

A Algin
B. Leucosin
C. Laminarin
D. Fucoxanthin

31. Protist can be _

~ I. autotrophic I~
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II. heterotrophic
III. unicellular or multi cellular

A. I and II only
B. n and III only
C. I and III only
D. I, II and III

32. The pellicle of protozoan is most directly involved In ,--_

A. feeding
B. structure
C. locomotion
D. information storage

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 5BU1023 Biodiversity of Plantae and Animalia
10

33. Which characteristic is not common to all arthropods? '0' PIO

A. A backbone
B. A segmented body
C. Jointed appendages
D. An external skeleton

34. What does "embryophyte" in land plant meant?

A Plant-like embryo
B. Multicelled embryo
C. Embryo generation
D. Plant that produces embryo

35. Which of these characters related to adaptation to live on land?

I. Waterproof cuticle with stomata
II. Vascular tissues
III. Lignin thickening on xylem

A. I and II only
B. I and III only
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C. II and III only
0
D. I, II and III

36. Which of the following is the dispersal unit in plant?

I. Spore
II. Seed
III. Pollen

A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

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 SBUl023 Biodiversity of Plantae and Animalia
11

37. Figure 4(a) and (b) represent two different plant, a moss and a club moss. Which parts
qf these plants are similar in number of chromosome set?

Leafy thallus

(a) (b)
Figure 4
A. P only
B. Q only
C. R only
D. P and Q
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38. Figure 5 shows four era of plant emerge on earth.

Bryophyte and Conifers, club Conifers are Flowering plants

seedless vascular moss, Ginkgo and dominant. Ferns appear and become
plants evolved. Cycads appear appear dominant

Ordovician Carboniferous ..., Triassic - Jurassic Cretaceous .:

Permian Tertiary

Figure 5

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SBUl023 Biodiversity of Plantae and Animalia
12

<S; Which of the followings described best on the plant evolution based on Figure 5?

A. Plants become bigger and advance towards the modern era.

B. Earliest plant are all small, have no seed and water dependent.
C. Plants evolve from water dependent or no vascular to water independent or
with vascular.
D. Plants evolve from without vascular and disperse by spores to have vascular
and disperse by seed.

39. Which of these describes the characteristics of Pteridophytes evolution?

I. Scale leaves Huge megaphyll
II Spores protected in strobili Spores protected by indusium
III Spores develop in Spores develop in sporangium
leptosporangium

A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III D I
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40. Strategies for dispersal, flowering plants show many coevolution characters. Which of
these show the correct pairs of plant character coevoive with animal?
I. Nectar guide bee
II Coloured and hanging flower bat
III Nectary glands humming bird

A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

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SBU1023 Biodiversity of Plantae and Animalia
13

SECTION B (40 marks) 0: ptb

Instructions: Answer all questions on this question booklet.

1. The Hardy-Weinberg formulas allow scientists to determine whether evolution has

occurred. This formula can be used to track whether a population of any sexually
reproducing species is in a state of genetic equilibrium. However, the Hardy
Weinberg equilibrium hardly exist in real life.

a) State three (3) conditions that contribute to the failure of Hardy-Weinberg

formulas

[3 marks]

<9 b) The basic formula of Hardy-Weinberg is given as p2+ 2pq + q2 = 1 or p + q :::;1:

.
What is p and q?

[2 marks]

c) You have sampled a population in which you know that the percentage of the
homozygous recessive genotype (aa) is 36%. Using that 36%, calculate the
following:

i. The frequency of the "aa" genotype.

[1 mark]

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SBU1023 Biodiversity of Plantae and Animalia
14

ii. The frequency of the "a" allele. I •

[1 mark)

iii. The frequency of the "A" allele.

[1 mark)

iv. The frequencies of the genotypes "AA" and "Aa".

[2 marks)

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SBU1023 Biodiversity of Plantae and Animalia
15

2. Figure 6 illustrates an evolutionary tree for major animal groups (invertebrates)

based on morphological, developmental and genetic comparisons.

protistancestor

Figure 6

Protostomes Bilateral symmetry Tissues Coelom

Cnidarians Chordates No coelom Mollusks

Annelids Arthropods

a. Name the groups labeled as A, B, C, D and E in Figure 6.

[5marks1

Group A: _ Group B: _

Group C: _ Group D: _

GroupE: _

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b. Identify the characteristic labeled as I, II, III, IV and V in Figure

6.

[5 marks]

Characteristic I: _

Characteristic II: _

Characteristic III: _

Characteristic IV:

Characteristic V: _

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SBU1023 Biodiversity of Plantae and Animalia
17

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3. On a field trip to the Mulu rainforest, you have collected six vertebrate specimens
labelled as A-F illustrated in Figure 7. Carefully observe Figure 7 and answer the
following questions:

A B c

o E F

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Figure 7

a. Which vertebrates in Figure 7 reproduce by external fertilization?

[2 marks]

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5BU1023 Biodiversity of Plantae and Animalia
18

b. You want to breed some of the animals from Figure 7 on dry land.
i. In Figure 7, which three vertebrates do you think have the best adaptations to
survive on land habitat
[3 marks]

ii. List three adaptations of the vertebrates to justify your answer in b(i).
[3 marks]

c. In Figure 7, which two animals are classified under the same family?
[2 marks]

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SBU1023 Biodiversity of Plantae and AnimaJia
19

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4. Figure 8 shows a life cycle of land plant.

Diploid (2n)
Phase of Cycle

Haploid (n)
Phase of Cycle

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Figure 8

a. Plant life cycle is completed within two processes.

i. Name processes I and II.

Process I:

[1 mark]

Process II:

[1 mark]

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SBUl023 Biodiversity of Plantae and Animalia
20

ii. Where are the two processes take place?

Process I:

[1 mark]

Process II:

[1 mark]

iii. Give main role of processes A and B.

[1mark]

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iv. What are A and B in Figure 8?

A:
[1 mark]

B:
[1 mark]

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SBU1023 Biodiversity of Plantae and Animalia
21

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b. i. Let say, plant X is Mnium (true moss), Y is Nephro/epis (true fern)

and Z is Bunga raya (Angiosperm). Draw pie charts in the circles
below to show portions of time spent for sporophyte and
gametophyte generationin each plant.

[3 marks]

Minium life cycle Nephrolepis life cycle

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Hibiscus life cycle

END OF QUESTIONS

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