USA social security Medicare and Medicaid
is value x greater,
-specific program funds and reimbursement
of patient services
Intel introduces 1k ram- 4bit
microprocessor. year. - On November 15th,
1971, Intel released the world's first
commercial microprocessor, the 4004.
what year introduce NI – 1992, ANA
vacuum tubes - 1ST / 1939-1954/ Vacuum
Tubes/Calculators/ENIAC, EDVAC, UNIVAC,
IBM
transistors – 2nd gen (1950) - Transistorized
computers are normally referred to as
'Second Generation’
diodes - is a device that allows current to
flow in one direction
integrated circuits -microchip 3rd gen
software - Refers to any sequence of
instruction that make it easier to
communicate with computers. It also
pertains to the programs that govern the
operation of a computer that make the
hardware productive.
Hardware - It refers to the tangible parts of
a computer. All the physical components of
the machine itself.
Firmware - Contain the programs
people ware - Refer to the user or people
who work with the computer so that it can
be used to find solutions to problems; it
indirectly refers to the persons who use the
information generated by the computer. In
medical and nursing informatics, it refers to
the members of the healthcare team.
ALU - Arithmetic and Logic Unit Controls
mathematical function such as addition and
subtraction and functions of the test logic
(Boolean) conditions [e.g.
equal to or more than the y value]
RAM - refers to working memory used for
primary Storage. Can be accessed, used,
changed, and
written on repeatedly. Contains data and
instructions that are stored and processed
by computer programs called application
programs
internal
ROM - A form of permanent storage which
means that data and programs at ROM can
only be
read by computer and cannot be erased or
altered. Contain the programs called
firmware. Is not erased when computer is
turned off.
information systems - (IS) is a set of people,
procedures and resources that collects,
transforms and disseminates information in
an organization
networks - a set of interconnected
computers that through the hardware and
software technology, work cooperatively for
the purpose of information and application
program interchange
Feedback - is the output from one part of
the system process that serves as input to
another part of the system process. Key
mechanism of control in the system.
Control - refers to any component or
activity that serves to prevent or correct
problems or errors in a system’s input,
process, or output.
Microsoft office/ word - Writing tasks
previously done on typewriters with
considerable effort can now be easily
completed with word-processing software.
Libre office is a powerful and free office
suite
DKWI - The Data, Information, Knowledge,
Wisdom (DIKW) framework is one of the
core conceptual frameworks for the
practice of nursing informatics. However, in
order for the framework to be effective,
nurses must define knowledge, within
electronic health records, to accurately
capture the context of nursing practice.
order entry system- Its main function is to
monitor and sometimes control the flow of
patients in a hospital from admission to
discharge.
order entry results - OE is almost always
available in all HIS. This enables the staff to
enter laboratory, pharmacy and radiology
orders, results and reports online.
Data is information processed or stored by
a computer
Wisdom – subset of knowledge, which I a
subset of information, which subset of data
open office is a free and open source office
productivity software
Microsoft office - Office Suite Software -
Office suite software puts together
complete programs of software. A typical
suite package might include word
processing, spreadsheet, databases, and
presentation software.
Android- is a mobile operating system
based on a modified version of the Linux
kernel and other open source software,
designed primarily for touchscreen mobile
devices such as smartphones and tablets
Windows is a series of operating systems
developed by Microsoft.
central processing - (CPU) is considered the
brain of the computer
disk operating system - DOS is the medium
through which the user and external
devices attached to the system
communicate with the system.
Workstation - For engineering applications,
publishing, software development
•Moderately high power, but high-quality
graphics
•High-res screen, large RAM, large mass
storage device
•Single-user computer but typically linked
together with other workstation to form a
local network
laptops
personal computer - is a digital computer
system under the control of a stored
program that uses a microprocessor, a
programmable read only memory (ROM)
and random-access memory (RAM).
application software - Programs that
specify the information processing activities
required for the completion of specific tasks
of computer users.
documentation software...
The use of computers in both computer and
medical industry grew on early 1950s. There
were only few experts who formed a cadre
of pioneers that attempted to adapt
computers to healthcare and nursing
Prior to 1960s -Simple Beginnings
History of NI.. date and year
1960s -Issues and NI Researches
he use of computer technology in
healthcare settings began to be questioned.
Areas of debate are centered on the
application of computers and data that
needs to be computerized.
1970s -Giant Leap for NI
Nurses begin to recognize the value of the
computer for their profession. Giant steps
were taken in both nursing and computer
technology
1980s -Emergence of Informatics Field
The field of Informatics emerged in the
healthcare industry and nursing. NI became
an accepted specialty and many nursing
experts entered the field
1990s -Affirmation of Nursing Informatics as
Specialty Field
Computer technology became an integral
part of healthcare settings, nursing practice
and nursing profession. Professional
organizations identified initiatives that
addressed IT and informatics
Post 2000-Rapid Growth and Development
in NI
Healthcare and nursing undergone
developments such as wireless point of
care, open source solutions, regional
database projects and increased IT solutions
on healthcare environment.
Inputs devices
KEYBOARD - A set of typewriter-like keys
that enables
You to enter data into a computer.
MOUSE
A hand-controlled hardware device for
Interacting with a computer terminal.
LIGHT PEN
A light-sensitive input device shaped like a
pen, used
To draw on the computer screen or to make
menu
Selections.
VOICE INPUT
Allow a person to access a computer
Without using a keyboard or mouse instead
Speaking on a microphone to input data.
SCANNER
A device that reads a printed page and
Converts it into a graphics image for the
Computer
WEBCAM A camera that records video or
image
A camera that records video or image
Output devices Report its results to
external world in a form of text, graphics,
signals, sounds
OUTPUT DEVICES
Report its results to external world
in a form of text, graphics, signals, Sounds
MONITOR AND PROJECTORS
A peripheral device with a screen for
the visual display of information
PRINTER
A device controlled by a computer
that makes images appears on
media.
EARPHONES AND SPEAKER
A device that uses sound was to
be heard by user
VIBRATION/ HAPTIC FEEDBACK
A device uses touch to
Communicate with the user
and to those historical people such as
charles babbage, persia, abacus, babylonian
Charles Babbage - A mathematician,
philosopher, inventor and mechanical
engineer, Babbage originated the concept
of a digital programmable computer.
Babbage is considered by some to be
"father of the computer".
Abacus was initially used for arithmetic
tasks
The Roman abacus was developed from
devices used in Babylonia
1.All are correct about the definition of
computer in nursing, EXCEPT?
- It is derived from the German
word "computare" meaning to
calculate or programmable
machine.
2. All are aspects of Nursing Informatics
(NI). Select all that apply.
I. Data recovery                     IV. Decision
support system
II. Ethics                                       V. Human-
computer interaction
III. Patient care                       VI. Information
systems
- I, II, III, IV, V, VI
3. Computers were first developed in the
late 1930s to early 1940s, but used in the
healthcare industry during which period?-
1950s
4. Hospital Information System (HIS) which
are primarily used to process financial
transaction was developed during? - 1960s
5. Giant leap for Nursing Informatic
happened during which period? 1970s
6. Post 2000 came and significant
innovations happened EXCEPT:
- NI was approved by American Nurses
Association (ANA) as a new nursing
specialty
7. Among the historical perspective of NI,
which is associated with nursing practice?
  - Integration of NCPs, patient care data
as part of the Electronic Health Record
(EHR)
8. Digital libraries, online resources, and
research protocols  at bedside is associated
with
- Nursing Administration
 9. When was Philippine Nurses Association
founded? 1922
 10. When did the President of the United
States of America calls for widespread
adaptation of EHR in 10 years – 2003
11. It is the program where awards are
given to those institutions/private practices
that have recognizable effort in utilizing
healthcare informatics.
- Nicholas E. Davis Awards Excellence
Program
12. Award given to healthcare organizations
with recognizable effort in technology
utilization:
- Davies Organizational
13. A concrete return on investment as well
as intrinsic worth derived from the
implementation of the EHR – Value
14. It is the technical design and
architecture that enable the EHR to deliver
the required functionality and performance –
Technology
15. It refers to what EHR delivers to meet
the organizational objectives and the needs
of the patients and end users –
Functionality
16. Which of the following is NOT a
common characteristic of an awardee?
- Pessimistic about usage of
technology in the healthcare setting
17. Before awards are given to excellent
organizations or hospitals, it is a must to
first assess them for quality and worth. The
criteria to assess include: Select all that
apply.
I. Management                          IV. Value
II. Functionality                          V. Cost
III. Administration                   VI.
Technology
- I, II, IV, VI
18. Mayor X plans to implement full
computerization of healthcare data among
all health centers in his community. What
award is most likely to be given to them?
Davies Public Health
 19. CPR, in the nursing informatics context,
is also known as: Computer-based Patient
Record
 20. The Nicholas Davis Excellence
Awardees show differences that make one
distinct from the other. The following are
their differences EXCEPT
- Present short but concrete
operational planning
 21. All of the following are true about
computers EXCEPT:
- A computer can derive meaning
from objects
 22. Allow computers to report its results to
external world in a form of text, graphics,
signals, sounds. - Output devices
23. Which generation of computers uses
vacuum tubes for circuitry? – 1st
Generation
24. Records waveforms as they are -
Analog
25. Which of the following computers did not
used vacuum tubes for their circuitry? -
Motorola
26. An interactive visual display where
users select options from a displayed menu
using fingertips on screen. – Touch Screen
27. A powerful multi-user computer capable
of supporting many hundreds or thousands
of users simultaneously and uses power to
execute more programs concurrently. –
Mainframes
28. A device that reads a printed page and
converts it into a graphic image on the
computer - Scanner
29. Carries out the machine language called
fetch, execute, decode and store. – Control
Unit
30. A component of a computer known as
users or people who work with the
computer. - People ware
Father of computer
History of computer
Nursing informatics is a combination of
nursing information in their computer
Importance/advantage of EHR
Allowed to view the EHR – relatives
The four criteria
Organizing computer based record
System technology functionality
management
CPRI
Integrity value is the major criterion
World wide web
Spreed sheet
Application software
Socialnetworkc
Interface is part of software
HIS
Dpw
Dpwi
Open and close system