Ex 7

1. An applications software package does not communicate directly with the hardware.
2. Between the applications software and the hardware is a software interface – an operating
system.
3. The most important program in the operating system is the supervisor program, most of
which remains in memory.
4. An operating system has three main functions: 1) manage the computer resources, such as
the central processing unit, memory, disk drives and printers, 2) establish a user interface ,
and 3) execute and provide services for applications software.
5. Unix is a command driven operating system used in all sizes of computers.
6. Programs that only stay in memory while they are being used are known as nonresident
programs.
Ex 8
The user is aware of the effects of different applications programs but operating systems are
invisible to most users. They lie between applications programs, such as wordprocessing,
and the hardware. The supervisor program is the most important. It remains in memory,
therefore it is referred to as resident. Others are called non-resident because they are loaded
into memory only when needed. Operating systems manage the computer's resources, such
as the central processing unit. In addition, they establish a user interface, and execute and
provide services for applications software. Although input and output operations are
invoked by applications programs, they are carried out by the operating system.
Ex 9
A typical operating system will:
1. _________ input and output devices.
2. _________ the status of hardware devices.
3. _________ hardware interrupts.
4. _________ new disks.
5. _________ disk directories.
6. _________ disk reading and writing operations.
7. _________ disk errors.
8. _________ disk commands relating to the deletion, copying, renaming, and dumping of
files.
Ex 11
1. At the present time, there are many types of system programs and the operating system
has a special place among them.
2. PC’s productivity, reability and functionality are influenced by many factors, an
installed operating system on it - is one of them.
3. When the operating system is able to perform multiple tasks and these tasks performed
simultaneously, it is called multitasking.
4. The operating system monitors the performance of the processor and if the running
task requires it resources, its execution must be suspended until the resource is (will
be) received.
5. The capabilities of personal computers to process information are limited, moreover
the parameters of the amount of processed information and the speed of calculations
are the most critical.