DGS and FSS Incorporated EMC Design and

Robust Optimization for 5G Electronic Systems

Richard Xian-Ke Gao Hui Min Lee Liping Yan
Institute of High Performance Institute of High Performance College of Electronics and Information
Computing Computing Engineering
A*STAR A*STAR Sichuan University
Singapore Singapore China
gaoxk@ihpc.a-star.edu.sg leehm@ihpc.a-star.edu.sg liping_yan@scu.edu.cn

Xiang Zhao
College of Electronics and Information
Engineering
Sichuan University
China
zhaoxiang@scu.edu.cn

Abstract—To tackle electromagnetic interference (EMI)

issues for high speed electronic systems applied in 5G IoT, DGS
various technologies regarding to different kinds of EMI issues
have been developed. In this paper, a novel defected ground
structure has been designed for filtering common mode noise at
8 GHz. To resist the EMI due to external radiation, a unique
Microstrip
frequency selected surface has been studied at the frequency of lines
28 GHz for shielding effectiveness (SE) improvement. Two
designs are optimized using Taguchi’s robust design method. (a) (b)
Fig. 1. (a) CHC DGS common-mode filter, and (b) its common-mode and
The results reveal that the proposed metamaterial incorporated
differential-mode insertion losses.
approaches are feasible for realizing good EMC design.

Keywords—Electromagnetic interference, defected ground
structure, frequency selected surface, Taguchi method
I. INTRODUCTION
Advance of data transmission and wireless technologies
boosts higher demanding on electromagnetic compatibility
(EMC) for electronic systems in 5G communication, industry
4.0, and other digitized applications. While conventional
methods become less sufficient and effective, novel
technologies incorporated metamaterials [1] and other
advanced methods have been developed. In this paper, two
specific problems and solutions are discussed. One is internal
EMI of a system. As the main concern in signal integrity, the
common-mode noise is tackled by using defected ground
structure (DGS). The other is external EMI on the system. To
reduce the detrimental impact from external electromagnetic
radiation, effective shielding is a requisite. Band stop
frequency selective surface (FSS) [2] is investigated for the
differential mode insertion loss |Sdd21| should be within 3 dB
(the black lines with solid dots in Fig. 1b). The performance
can be further optimized using Taguchi’s robust design
method (the red lines with hollow dots).
B. FSS Incorporated Shield Design
To realize both wide band EM shielding around the
frequency of 28 GHz and sufficient ventilation, a novel FSS
structure is developed. The proposed FSS unit cell (Fig. 2a)
consists of slotted split rings on both surfaces of an FR-4
substrate, of which a through hole is drilled at inner circle
region for ventilation. The radiated field can be attenuated at
least 30 dB with a frequency band of 3.5 GHz, and its
illumination angle can be up to 60°. The simulation and
experiment results are in a good agreement (Fig. 2b). A
physical enclosure using metallic shielding and the proposed
FSS shielding is also studied. About 10 dB SE is improved.
50

purpose in high frequency band. To optimize the performance, 45

Shielding Effectiveness (dB)

40
e.g. noise filtering and EMI shielding, Taguchi’s robust design 35
30
method, is applied in these designs. The optimized 25
20
performances are less sensitive to uncontrollable factors. 15 TE-simulated
10 TE-measured
5
II. DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION 0
22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
f (GHz)
A. DGS Common-mode Filter (a) (b)
In this study, a defected ground structure, i.e. etching Fig. 2. (a) An FSS unit cell with a ventilation hole, and (b) simulated and
measured SE.
peculiar slots on a ground plane, is designed to filter the high
frequency common-mode noise. The operational frequency is
8 GHz. Two C-slots and one H-slot are proposed for the DGS REFERENCES
filter (Fig. 1a). The mutual inductances and capacitances of [1] R. X. K. Gao, et al., “EMC Design with Embedded Metamaterial
these slots can reduce the common-mode signals while have Technology”, 2018 Joint IEEE EMC & Asia-Pacific International
little effect on differential signals at the same frequency range. Symposium on EMC, pp. 513-517, Singapore, May 14-17, 2018.
The filter has a wide stop band of 6.2 GHz if the common- [2] B.A.Munk, Frequency Selective Surfaces: Theory and Design.
NewYork, NY, USA: Wiley-Interscience, 2000
mode insertion loss |Scc21| is expected at least 15 dB and the