34 20 30 - Ahrs

Attitude Heading Reference System
AHS-525 AHRS
Installation Manual
The information contained herein is subject to Export Administration Regulations (“EAR”),

15 C.F.R. Parts 730-774. Diversion contrary to U.S. law is prohibited.
This publication is available at www.uasc.com.
©2015 UNIVERSAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CORPORATION

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3260 East Universal Way

Tucson, AZ 85756-5097
•
(520) 295-2300 (800) 321-5253 34-20-30 7 December 2015
Attitude Heading Reference System Installation Manual
Record of Revisions
Rev. No. Issue Date Insertion Date Initials
Retain this record in front of the manual. Upon receipt of revision, insert and remove pages
according to the List of Effective Pages. Then enter on this page the revision number, issue date,
insertion date and your initials.
Page ROR-1
The information contained herein is subject to the Export Administration Regulation
(“EAR”), 15 C.F.R. Parts 730-774. Diversion contrary to U.S. law is prohibited.
34-20-30 7 December 2015
Record of Temporary Changes

Change No. Issue Date Insertion Date & Initials Removal Date & Initials
TC-1 27 Jan 2016 27 Jan 2016 / UASC

TC-2 12 Apr 2016 12 Apr 2016 / UASC
Retain this record in the front of this manual. Upon receipt of a Temporary Change, insert pages into
manual and enter the Temporary Change number, issue date, insertion date and your initials. Also,
Page ROTC-1
34-20-30 7 December 2015
record the removal of each temporary change.
Change No. Issue Date Insertion Date & Initials Removal Date & Initials
Retain this record in the front of this manual. Upon receipt of a Temporary Change, insert pages into
manual and enter the Temporary Change number, issue date, insertion date and your initials. Also,
record the removal of each temporary change.
Page ROTC-2
34-20-30 7 December 2015
List of Effective Pages

SUBJECT PAGE DATE SUBJECT PAGE DATE
Title Page 7 Dec/15 113 7 Dec/15

114 7 Dec/15
Record of Revisions ROR-1 7 Dec/15 115 7 Dec/15
116 7 Dec/15
Record of Temporary ROTC-1 7 Dec/15 117 7 Dec/15
Changes ROTC-2 7 Dec/15 118 7 Dec/15
119 7 Dec/15
List of Effective Pages LEOP-1 7 Dec/15
LEOP-2 7 Dec/15 Equipment 201 7 Dec/15
Specifications 202 7 Dec/15
Table of Contents TOC-1 7 Dec/15 203 7 Dec/15
TOC-2 7 Dec/15 204 7 Dec/15
TOC-3 7 Dec/15 205 7 Dec/15
206 7 Dec/15
Introduction INTRO-1 7 Dec/15 207 7 Dec/15
208 7 Dec/15
Description and 1 7 Dec/15 209 7 Dec/15
Operation 2 7 Dec/15 210 7 Dec/15
3 7 Dec/15 211 7 Dec/15
4 7 Dec/15 212 7 Dec/15
5 7 Dec/15 213 7 Dec/15
6 7 Dec/15 214 7 Dec/15
7 7 Dec/15 215 7 Dec/15
8 7 Dec/15 216 7 Dec/15
9 7 Dec/15
10 7 Dec/15 Installation And Wiring 301 7 Dec/15
11 7 Dec/15 302 7 Dec/15
12 7 Dec/15 303 7 Dec/15
13 7 Dec/15 304 7 Dec/15
14 7 Dec/15 305 7 Dec/15
15 7 Dec/15 306 7 Dec/15
16 7 Dec/15 307 7 Dec/15
308 7 Dec/15
FAA Approval 101 7 Dec/15 309 7 Dec/15
102 7 Dec/15 310 7 Dec/15
103 7 Dec/15 311 7 Dec/15
104 7 Dec/15 312 7 Dec/15
105 7 Dec/15 313 7 Dec/15
106 7 Dec/15 314 7 Dec/15
107 7 Dec/15 315 7 Dec/15
108 7 Dec/15 316 7 Dec/15
109 7 Dec/15 317 7 Dec/15
110 7 Dec/15 318 7 Dec/15
111 7 Dec/15 319 7 Dec/15
112 7 Dec/15 320 7 Dec/15
Page LOEP-1
34-20-30 7 December 2015
SUBJECT PAGE DATE SUBJECT PAGE DATE
321 7 Dec/15 506 7 Dec/15

322 7 Dec/15 507 7 Dec/15
323 7 Dec/15 508 7 Dec/15
509 7 Dec/15
System Data 401 7 Dec/15 510 7 Dec/15
Installation 402 7 Dec/15
403 7 Dec/15
404 7 Dec/15
405 7 Dec/15
406 7 Dec/15
407 7 Dec/15
408 7 Dec/15
409 7 Dec/15
410 7 Dec/15
411 7 Dec/15
412 7 Dec/15
413 7 Dec/15
414 7 Dec/15
415 7 Dec/15
416 7 Dec/15
417 7 Dec/15
418 7 Dec/15
419 7 Dec/15
420 7 Dec/15
421 7 Dec/15
422 7 Dec/15
423 7 Dec/15
424 7 Dec/15
425 7 Dec/15
426 7 Dec/15
427 7 Dec/15
428 7 Dec/15
429 7 Dec/15
430 7 Dec/15
431 7 Dec/15
432 7 Dec/15
433 7 Dec/15
434 7 Dec/15
435 7 Dec/15
436 7 Dec/15
437 7 Dec/15
438 7 Dec/15
Maintenance, 501 7 Dec/15

Checkout, and 502 7 Dec/15
Troubleshooting 503 7 Dec/15
504 7 Dec/15
505 7 Dec/15
Page LOEP-2
34-20-30 7 December 2015
Table of Contents
Record of Revisions .............................................................................................. ROR-1
Record of Temporary Changes .............................................................................. RTC-1
List of Effective Pages ......................................................................................... LOEP-1
Table of Contents ................................................................................................... TOC-1
Introduction ............................................................................................................ Intro-1
Makeup and Use of This Manual..................................................................................................... 1
Application ................................................................................................................................ 1
Organization .............................................................................................................................. 1
Abbreviations and Terminology ...................................................................................................... 1
Contact Information ......................................................................................................................... 1
Description and Operation .............................................................................................. 1
Description....................................................................................................................................... 1
General ....................................................................................................................................... 1
AHRS Components ................................................................................................................... 2
Interface Description ................................................................................................................. 5
System Interfaces ....................................................................................................................... 8
Operation ....................................................................................................................................... 10
Communication........................................................................................................................ 10
Operation ................................................................................................................................. 10
FAA Approval ............................................................................................................ 101
General ......................................................................................................................................... 101
Applicable TSOs .................................................................................................................... 101
Reference Documents ............................................................................................................ 102
Universal Avionics Publications and Documents ................................................................. 102
TSO Deviations ..................................................................................................................... 103
Non-TSO Functions ............................................................................................................... 103
Installation Procedures and Limitations ................................................................................ 103
Software Criticality...................................................................................................................... 105
Airborne Electronic Hardware..................................................................................................... 105
Page TOC-1
34-20-30 7 December 2015
Instructions for Continuous Airworthiness ..................................................................................106
General Information ...............................................................................................................106
Airworthiness Limitations .....................................................................................................106
Environmental Qualification Forms ............................................................................................107
Sample Airplane Flight Manual Supplement...............................................................................112
Equipment Specifications ........................................................................................... 201
Equipment Identification .............................................................................................................201
Equipment Specifications ............................................................................................................201
Installation Kits ............................................................................................................................202
Equipment Drawings ...................................................................................................................203
Attitude Heading Reference Unit ..........................................................................................203
Magnetic Sensing Unit...........................................................................................................204
Configuration Module............................................................................................................205
Mounting Plate .......................................................................................................................206
Signal Specifications....................................................................................................................207
Inputs .....................................................................................................................................207
Inputs Performance Requirements .........................................................................................208
Outputs ...................................................................................................................................209
Installation and Wiring ............................................................................................... 301
General .........................................................................................................................................301
Installation Considerations ..........................................................................................................302
Software Requirements ..........................................................................................................302
AHRU and Mounting Plate Installation.................................................................................302
Magnetic Sensing Unit Installation........................................................................................304
Lever Arm Lengths ................................................................................................................306
Pin Assignment ............................................................................................................................307
AHRU ....................................................................................................................................307
Magnetic Sensing Unit...........................................................................................................316
AHRS Wiring Diagrams ..............................................................................................................317
Page TOC-2
34-20-30 7 December 2015
System Data Installation ............................................................................................. 401

AHRU Configuration Features .................................................................................................... 401
AHRU Configuration Worksheets ............................................................................................... 402
RS-232 Maintenance Port Operation ........................................................................................... 407
AHRU Configuration................................................................................................................... 409
Magnetic Sensing Unit Field Calibration .................................................................................... 427
Hardware Requirements ........................................................................................................ 427
Software and Driver Installation............................................................................................ 427
MSU Field Calibration Procedures........................................................................................ 428
Maintenance, Checkout and Troubleshooting ............................................................ 501
Maintenance................................................................................................................................. 501
Installation Checkout ................................................................................................................... 502
Ground Test Plan ................................................................................................................... 502
Suggested Functional Flight Test Plan .................................................................................. 504
Troubleshooting ........................................................................................................................... 508
RS-232 Maintenance Port Operations ......................................................................................... 510
Page TOC-3
34-20-30 7 December 2015
Introduction
1. Makeup and Use of this Manual
A. Application
This Technical Manual is for the Attitude Heading Reference System (AHRS) AHS-525 and
is applicable to the components and software control number (SCN) 1022.0.X. The SCN is
stamped on the component data plate.
This Technical Manual is used for installation, configuration and basic wiring.
 Attitude and Heading Reference Unit (AHRU), P/N 5250-001-00
 AHRU Mounting Plate, P/N 525500-100
 Configuration Module, P/N 52501
 AHRS Magnetic Sensing Unit, P/N 5252-1000-00 (ASI P/N AHR150A-2-A)
B. Organization
This Technical Manual provides the information about:
(1) Description and operation of the components of the AHRS system
(2) FAA Approval including Environmental Qualification Forms
(3) Equipment Specifications to support selection of compatible peripherals and planning
for the installation of AHRS components
(4) Detailed installation and wiring requirements
(5) Software configuration instructions
(6) Maintenance, checkout and troubleshooting procedures
2. Abbreviations and Terminology
This manual contains no abbreviations or terms that have varying interpretations in the
industry. The exception to this is if the product, part number or mission is specifically
required.
3. Contact Information
Please submit comments, suggestions, errors or other concerns about this manual to our
Technical Publications Department at techpubs@uasc.com.
To order copies or request changes in address and distribution information, contact
info@uasc.com.
For technical questions, please contact customersupport@uasc.com.
Page Intro-1
34-20-30 7 December 2015
Description and Operation

1. Description
The information contained within this installation manual describes the administrative and
technical aspects, features, functions, and components of Universal Avionics Systems
Corporation’s (UASC) Attitude and Heading Reference System (AHRS). All comments or
recommendations regarding the installation, acceptance or operation of the AHRS or its
accessories and components can be directed to the Product Support Department at Universal
Avionics Systems Corporation.
The information, drawings and wiring diagrams contained in this manual are intended as a
reference for engineering planning only. The drawings and wiring diagrams contained herein
do not represent any specific STC aircraft installation. It is the installer’s responsibility to
compose installation drawings specific to the aircraft. This manual and the drawings and
wiring diagrams contained herein may not be used as a substitute for an STC drawing
package.
A. General
AHRS is a stand-alone solid-state sensor system. AHRS installations provide measurements
of the aircraft pitch, roll and heading angles for use by flight deck displays, flight control
system, flight management system, weather radar, enhanced ground proximity warning
system, flight data recorder, and other requisite avionics equipments.
Installations include these components:
 Attitude and Heading Reference Unit (AHRU)
 Attitude Heading Configuration Module (AHCM)
 Magnetic Sensing Unit (MSU)
 AHRU Aircraft Mounting Plate
 Optional AHRS Control Panel (Not designed/or supplied by UASC). Control of AHRS
functions is a future enhancement for UASC EFIS.
NOTE: Dual redundant attitude and heading systems are required for Part 23 Class 3 & 4,
Part 25, Part 27 and Part 29 aircraft to provide the necessary redundancy.
Page 1
34-20-30 7 December 2015
B. AHRS Components
(1) Attitude and Heading Reference Unit (AHRU)
The AHRU contains the necessary power supplies, inertial sensors, and electronics to
compute attitude, accelerations, angular rates, and, when provided magnetic field data
from the external MSU, heading. The AHRU also provides the necessary
digital/analog signals to the primary flight displays, flight guidance, flight
management, and other aircraft systems as required.
The inertial measurement unit (IMU) incorporated within the AHRU consists of three
solid-state angular rate sensors to directly measure body angular rates in each body
axis, two solid-state accelerometers per axis, and two additional accelerometers to
assist with initial alignment. With reference to the aircraft body axes, the
accelerometers measure the linear motion along the longitudinal, lateral, and vertical
axes while the angular rate sensors measure the angular rate of motion about the roll,
pitch, and yaw axes. The AHRU is capable of ±90°, ±180º, and ±180º displacement
in pitch, roll, and heading (yaw) axes respectively. Magnetic field sensors in the
external MSU are used to calculate magnetic heading.
The AHRU uses 28 VDC aircraft power as a primary power supply and a separate
28 VDC auxiliary power source (aircraft battery). The AHRU is designed to be
installed in a pressurized or non-pressurized, controlled or non-controlled
temperature environment. Each AHRU is installed on an aircraft mounting plate
permanently affixed to the aircraft structure.
The AHRU is a convection cooled line replaceable unit (LRU) that does not contain
any internal fans and does not require any external fans or other cooling method. The
AHRU operating temperature range is from -55° C to +70° C. The Ground Survival
High Temperature (non-operating) is +85° C and the Ground Survival Low
Temperature (non-operating) is -55°C. The Magnetic Sensing Unit (MSU) operating
temperature range is from -55° C to +70° C.
AHRS status is indicated by three top panel LEDs labeled REMOTE MAG, AHCM,
and AHRU. These LEDs indicate status associated with the respective unit. The Red
state indicates that a failure was detected that could be attributed to one of the three
units with certainty. This will occur primarily with the AHRU. The Amber state also
indicates some sort of failure (e.g. loss of communication with the MSU or invalid
configuration of the AHCM), however, further investigation will be required to
pinpoint the cause. At AHRU power-up, the LEDs will default to the Red state. When
initialization/alignment begins, the LEDs will flash between Green and Amber. Once
Power-up Built-In Test (PBIT) has concluded, the LEDs will annunciate the system
status, and they will be updated each time Continuous BIT (CBIT) detects a status
change: (see Maintenance, Checkout and Troubleshooting section for a complete
explanation of the LED indications)
Page 2
34-20-30 7 December 2015
AHRU failure is any condition that causes it to fail its performance requirements or
compromise data integrity. As a result, all data outputs to the connected aircraft
systems will be invalidated. The same is true for failure of the MSU or AHCM
despite the LED color – outputs will be invalidated as appropriate.
The AHRU provides discrete outputs to indicate:
 Normal / Basic Mode (also available via 429 TX bus status label)
 AHRU Initialization (also available via 429 TX bus status label)
 6° Roll Annunciation
 Attitude Valid (also available via 429 TX bus status label)
 Heading #1 Valid (also available via 429 TX bus status label)
 Heading #2 Valid (also available via 429 TX bus status label)
(2) Magnetic Sensing Unit
Powered by the AHRU, the externally mounted Magnetic Sensing Unit (MSU)
provides the AHRU with magnetic north reference data necessary to compute
heading. Once the MSU (with its unique serial number) is installed, aligned and
calibrated on an aircraft, removal or adjustment of the MSU will require the MSU
field calibration (compass swing) to be repeated.
(3) Attitude Heading Configuration Module
The Attitude Heading Configuration Module contains AHRU configuration data. The
AHCM is mounted to the connector backshell and remains in the aircraft if the
AHRU is removed. To configure the AHRS, the installer will connect a Personal
Computer (PC with HyperTerminal® or equivalent) to the AHRU’s 9-pin
maintenance connector, launch HyperTerminal, configure the system, and write the
configuration to the AHCM. Once the AHCM is updated, the AHCM remains with
the aircraft harness.
Because the AHCM contains AHRU configuration data, the AHRU can be removed
or replaced without any reconfiguration of the system if the aircraft mounting plate
remains in its original installed position. The saved configuration will be loaded
automatically if valid. If the position of the aircraft mounting plate is changed, the
operator must perform AHRU installation configuration and MSU calibration.
NOTE: AHRU configuration data contained within the configuration module may
include, but is not limited to, the following:
 AHRU identification data (i.e., AHRU Source Destination Identifier (SDI))
 AHRU mounting axis orientation (Left, Right, Aft, Forward)
 Lever Arm lengths
 ARINC 429 receive ports configuration
 ARINC 429 ADC pass-through enable/disable
 ADC source configuration
 3-wire synchros Enable/Disable (per synchro)
 2-wire synchro configuration
 Yaw scale factor configuration
Page 3
34-20-30 7 December 2015
 Normal Acceleration Scale Factor configuration
(4) AHRU Aircraft Mounting Plate
The AHRU aircraft mounting plate is designed to be permanently affixed to the
aircraft structure/airframe by screws. When permanently affixed to the aircraft
structure, the mounting plate stays with the aircraft even when the AHRU is removed
for maintenance. The aircraft mounting plate incorporates two alignment pins. The
alignment pins are used to ensure that the AHRU is properly installed on the
mounting plate (when the AHRU has been installed and configured for a specific
orientation, reconfiguration of the AHCM will not be required upon removal and
reinstallation of the same or a different unit. The mounting plate alignment pins
prevent the operator from installing the AHRU in an orientation different from the
initial orientation). The alignment pins also limit unit-to-unit physical alignment errors to
an acceptable amount
(5) Optional Discrete Switches or Pushbuttons Control (Not designed or supplied by
UASC)
When installed in the cockpit, discrete switches or pushbuttons (hereafter called
“discrete inputs”) may be used by the operator to select a heading mode (DG Mode
or Magnetic Mode), slew the DG heading left or right and request an AHRS Align.
The operator may also use a discrete input to request Self-Test that will remain active
until the switch or button is released. Self-Test will be disabled when the AHRU
detects that the aircraft is in flight via the weight on wheels input.
The AHRU discrete inputs are defined as follows:
 Heading Mode – Gnd = DG Mode; Open = Magnetic Mode (J1-80)
 DG Mode Slewing – Gnd = Slew Left; Open = Inactive (J1-68)
 DG Mode Slewing – Gnd = Slew Right; Open = Inactive (J1-64)
 AHRS Align – Gnd Active for ≥1 sec. the Open = AHRS Align Active; Open =
Inactive (J1-125)
 Self-Test – +28 VDC = Self-Test Active; Open = Inactive (J1-67)
The discrete inputs are required when the AHRU is installed on an aircraft that does
not use compatible EFIS displays that provide these controls.
Page 4
34-20-30 7 December 2015
C. Interface Description
AHRS Input/Output Summary
Interface Type Number Available
Serial Digital
ARINC 429 Input 3
ARINC 429 Output 4
RS-485 (MSU) Input/Output 1
Manchester Rx Input 1
RS-232 (Maintenance) Input/Output 1
Synchro Outputs
3-wire Synchro Output Output 6
2-wire Synchro Output Configurable Output 4
Discrete Inputs
Gnd/Open Input 6
Open/+28 VDC Input 1
Discrete Output
Open/+28 VDC Output 6
26 VAC Synchro Reference Input

26VAC 400 Hz Synchro Reference Input 3
Analog Inputs
2-wire Analog DC Input 2
Analog Outputs
Analog DC Differential Output 3
±10 VDC Analog Output 2
Page 5
34-20-30 7 December 2015
Analog and Discrete Inputs
(1) Synchro Inputs ARINC 407 and 407-1 Interface
The ARHU provides three analog synchro interfaces in accordance with Synchro
System Manual (ARINC Specification 407 and 407-1). The constant voltage
reference for each synchro signal is detailed in Table 1 of that document. These
voltage references are dedicated to specific sets of synchro interfaces and are not
interchangeable.
(2) 2-wire Analog DC Input
The AHRU is capable of receiving two configurable 2-wire analog DC inputs, and
two 2-wire analog DC inputs
(3) Discrete Inputs
The AHRU is capable of receiving six Ground/Open and one 28V/Open discrete
inputs.
Tolerances for Ground/Open discretes: Active ≤ 3.5 VDC
Inactive ≥ 100 kΩ
Tolerance for 28V/Open discrete: Active ≥14.5 VDC
Inactive ≥ 100 kΩ
Analog and Discrete Outputs
(1) Discrete Outputs
The AHRU is capable of outputting six 28 VDC/Open discrete outputs.
(2) Synchro Outputs ARINC 407 and 407-1 Interface
The AHRU provides ten synchro outputs (six 3-wire synchro and four 2-wire
synchro). Each of the 3-wire synchro outputs is designed to drive up to three (3)
220 ohm loads or a single 660 ohm, 3-wire parallel synchro load.
Each of the 2-wire synchro outputs is designed to drive one 10 kohm load.
WXR Pitch and Roll scale factor is 50 mV/degree
Pitch and Roll scale factor is 200 mV/degree
(3) Differential DC Output
The AHRU is capable of outputting three differential DC voltage outputs.
(4) DC Voltage Output
The AHRU is capable of outputting two ±10 VDC Analog outputs.
Page 6
34-20-30 7 December 2015
Serial Digital Interfaces
The AHRU provides the following serial digital interfaces.
(1) ARINC-429 Interface
The AHRU provides four transmit and three receive digital data interfaces. The
interface supports high-speed (100 kilobits per second) communications on all
channels.
(2) RS-232 interface
The AHRU provides one bi-directional serial data interface that is utilized as a
maintenance port. For the AHRU application, the maintenance port is used in
conjunction with a portable computer user interface to perform the following:
 Perform MSU field calibration (Compass swing)
 Perform AHRU Factory Test
 Configure AHRU
Page 7
34-20-30 7 December 2015
D. System Interfaces
When installed in an aircraft, the Attitude and Heading Reference Unit will interface with
several aircraft systems including, but not limited to the following:
 Flight Management System (FMS)
 Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS)
 Flight Data Recorder (FDR)
 Terrain Awareness Warning System (TAWS)
 Air Data Computer (ADC)
 Weather Radar
 Attitude Direction Indicator (ADI)
 Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI)
 Magnetic Sensing Unit (MSU)
 Autopilot/Flight Director
 Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System (EGPWS)
 Traffic and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS)
 Radio Magnetic Indicator (RMI)
Page 8
34-20-30 7 December 2015
The block diagram shown below depicts the typical dual installation of AHRU on an aircraft using
discrete controls.
Page 9
34-20-30 7 December 2015
2. Operation
A. Communication
The AHRU receives digital True Airspeed (TAS) via the ARINC 429 bus from a connected
digital Air Data Computer (ADC). The AHRU can also estimate TAS from Pressure Altitude
(PA) and Indicated Airspeed (IAS) received via an analog DC (per ARINC 565) interface
from a connected analog ADC. Also, the AHRU receives analog 26 VAC 400 Hz Synchro
Reference Data. The Magnetic Field Data from the MSU is transmitted to the AHRU via a
RS-485 bus.
B. Operation
(1) Initialization and Alignment
Upon application of power to the AHRU, at temperatures greater than or equal to
-30°C initialization will start immediately and will automatically align all inertial
sensors to the proper orientation based on stored configuration data. This automatic
alignment will last no longer than sixty seconds. AHRS will perform power-up built-
in tests (PBIT) that verify the capability of the system to perform its basic functions.
At this time, software self-tests of the system are also performed.
Critical faults are defined as faults that cause AHRS to fail its performance
requirements or compromise data integrity. In addition, a detection of a critical fault
will cause the AHRS to invalidate all data outputs to the connected aircraft systems.
A non-critical fault will not affect the operation of AHRS. Examples of critical faults
are the failure of the MSU or AHRU hardware. An example of a non-critical fault, is
the AHRU overheating (i.e., the internal temperature exceeding the maximum
internal operating temperature).
During power up, AHRS will set the Heading (HDG) and Attitude (ATT) bits and
discretes to invalid. This will cause the HDG and ATT flags to activate (HDG and
ATT flags annunciated on aircraft display device). The in-view flags signify that the
AHRS initialization/alignment is in progress. On the ARINC 429 bus, labels will
indicate "No Computed Data". If a UASC EFI is used as the primary flight display,
"AHRS ALIGN" will be in view on the display. The relatively minor aircraft motion
resulting from normal wind buffet and servicing of the aircraft, including loading
fuel, cargo and passengers, will not significantly influence the alignment process or
the resulting system accuracy.
AHRS will read the Weight-On-Wheels (on-ground or in-air) status to determine if
the aircraft is on-ground or airborne. AHRS will not read the other discrete inputs or
command input from the UASC display system until initialization is complete.
AHRS will always initialize in Magnetic heading mode (MSU must be available and
valid) and Basic attitude mode. After initialization, the AHRS will switch to Normal
attitude mode if the aircraft is on-ground or TAS is available and valid. The AHRU
will also enter the heading mode of operation selected via discrete switch. After
completion of initialization, built-in-tests, and alignment, AHRS attains full operation.
This will occur within 3 minutes after normal power is applied and the IMU is above
its minimal operating temperature. The operator will confirm the proper or full
operation of AHRS by verifying that the compass card on the navigation display,
Page 10
34-20-30 7 December 2015
UASC EFIS, and/or RMI/HSI shows the correct magnetic heading. In addition, the
attitude displayed on the UASC EFIS, PFD, or ADI moves to indicate the correct pitch
and roll attitude, and the ATT and HDG flags are out of view.
AHRS status is indicated by three top panel LEDs labeled REMOTE MAG, AHCM,
and AHRU. These LEDs indicate status associated with the respective unit. The Red
state indicates that a failure was detected that could be attributed to one of the three
units with certainty. This will occur primarily with the AHRU. The Amber state also
indicates some sort of failure (e.g. loss of communication with the MSU or invalid
configuration of the AHCM), however, further investigation will be required to
pinpoint the cause. At AHRU power-up, the LEDs will default to the Red state. Once
Power-up Built-In Test (PBIT) has concluded, the LEDs will annunciate the
following status indications, and they will be updated each time Continuous BIT
(CBIT) detects a status change.
LED Color REMOTE MAG AHCM AHRU
Green No Fault Found No Fault Found No Fault Found
Amber Problem detected. Problem detected. Problem detected.
Check AHRU Check AHRU Check AHRU
diagnostic status for diagnostic status for diagnostic status for
troubleshooting troubleshooting troubleshooting
assistance assistance assistance
Flashing N/A N/A Alignment in process
Green/Amber
Red Repair/Replace Repair/Replace Repair/Replace
ALL Steady Off N/A N/A Check AHRU Power
AHRU Powered and Check AHRU Check AHRU Check AHRU
one or more Steady diagnostic status diagnostic status diagnostic status
Off
(2) AHRS Attitude Mode of Operation (Normal/Basic Modes)

The AHRS operates in both “Normal” and “Basic” (Reversionary) Attitude modes.
Normal Attitude mode requires True Airspeed (TAS) data that may be acquired as
follows:
(a) Received from a digital ADC via ARINC 429, or
(b) Calculated from Pressure Altitude (PA) and Indicated Airspeed (IAS) data
received via analog ADC via analog voltage, or
(c) Received from an ADC via Manchester bus.
True airspeed is used by the AHRS to derive a long-term attitude reference to bound
or correct the attitude error. When the air data source is not providing TAS or
PA/IAS, the AHRS automatically switches to operate in Basic attitude mode. Basic
mode does not require TAS data, but results in degraded performance.
In the Basic attitude mode of operation (no ADC input), the measured inertial
accelerations are solely used to establish the long-term attitude reference.
Page 11
34-20-30 7 December 2015
Upon application of power to the AHRU while the aircraft is stationary and on-
ground, the AHRU will annunciate Normal mode, even though TAS is not yet
available. When the aircraft takes off (i.e. Weight-On-Wheels (WOW) indicates in-
air), if valid TAS is not available, the attitude mode will automatically transition from
Normal mode to Basic mode.
The Normal mode is the AHRS default and intended attitude mode of operation. In
flight, the AHRS will automatically revert to the Basic mode of operation only if the
loss of valid TAS occurs. The automatic reversion of the AHRS from Normal mode
to Basic mode, and vice-versa, occurs in less than five seconds.
(3) Control of Modes
The AHRU may be controlled by Discrete Switches or Pushbuttons (not designed or
supplied by UASC).
When installed in the cockpit, switches or pushbuttons (hereafter called “discrete
inputs”) may be used by the operator to request a heading mode (DG Mode or
Magnetic Mode), slew the DG heading left or right, and activate AHRS Align. The
AHRS Align discrete must be held in the active position for at least 1 full second.
The operator may also use a discrete input to request Self-Test that will remain active
until the switch or button is released.
(4) AHRS Heading Mode of Operation
AHRS normally operates in Magnetic heading mode. In the Magnetic heading mode,
the magnetic field reference data received from the MSU is used to determine the
heading angle.
In DG mode, the input received from the MSU is not used; the AHRU performs like
an unslaved directional gyro. At any point in time after initialization during AHRS
operation (on-ground or in-air), the operator can manually select DG mode in areas
where the magnetic field measurements are inconsistent and/or in the event of
magnetic heading failure (i.e., loss of magnetic field data from magnetometer or non-
availability of magnetometer).
In the event of MSU failure, AHRS will not automatically revert to the DG mode of
operation. The heading flags will be in-view on the UASC EFI or equivalent. The
operator may then select DG Heading mode by operating a DG mode switch or
pushbutton located in the control panel. Once the DG mode is selected by the
operator, the heading flags will go out of view and a valid heading will be provided
by the AHRU to the EFI and connected aircraft systems.
NOTE: Pilots are cautioned that frequent comparison to a magnetic compass for
manual heading correction is required in DG mode. Frequent monitoring of
a magnetic compass is particularly necessary during shallow bank (less than
standard rate) maneuvers such as when tracking a course inbound on an
approach.
Page 12
34-20-30 7 December 2015
AHRS will always initialize in Magnetic heading mode (MSU must be available and
valid) and Basic attitude mode. After initialization, AHRS will immediately switch to
DG heading mode if the DG heading mode is selected, and the AHRS will switch to
Normal attitude mode if the aircraft is on-ground or TAS is available and valid. After
completion of initialization, built-in-tests, and alignment, AHRS attains full
operation. This will occur within 3 minutes after normal power is applied and the
IMU is above its minimal operating temperature. The operator will confirm the
proper or full operation of AHRS by verifying that the compass card on the
navigation display, UASC EFIS, and/or RMI/HSI slew to the correct magnetic
heading. In addition, the attitude displayed on the UASC EFIS, PFD, or ADI moves
to indicate the correct pitch and roll attitude, and the ATT and HDG flags are out of
view.
Below is a chart showing the times and rate of the DG slewing function.
Page 13
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(5) In-Flight AHRS Alignment
If the aircraft is airborne and there is a momentary or total power loss (primary and
auxiliary), the AHRU will shut down. The AHRU is capable of achieving a
successful initialization and alignment after power is reapplied provided the aircraft
maintains a straight and level flight without acceleration changes. This process will
last no longer than sixty seconds.
Straight and Level is defined as no more than ±5° of bank, ±5° of pitch, and ±5° of
yaw.
If the aircraft is not in straight and level unaccelerated flight when the AHRU
experiences momentary or total power loss, the AHRU will not achieve successful
initialization/alignment after power is reapplied. In that instance, once the aircraft is
able to maintain straight and level flight for at least sixty (60) seconds, the operator
should perform an AHRS ALIGN.
During in-flight AHRS Alignment, the AHRU will set the HDG and ATT bits to no
computed data causing the HDG and ATT flags to activate, and will set the
initialization discrete output. If a UASC EFIS is used as the primary flight display,
"AHRS ALIGN" will be in view on the display. After the in-flight
initialization/alignment process, the compass card on the navigation display, UASC
EFIS and/or RMI/HSI will slew to the correct magnetic heading and the attitude
displayed on the UASC EFIS or ADI moves to indicate the pitch and roll attitude,
and the ATT and HDG flags go out of view.
NOTE: If the unit is in DG mode when alignment is initiated and there is not a
working MSU, the heading will be set to zero after alignment is complete.
The operator would then have to slew heading. If there is a working MSU
and the unit is in DG mode, the AHRU will output the heading obtained
using MSU input, (when initialization is complete) and then operate in DG
mode.
(6) AHRS ALIGN
The AHRU is capable of performing an AHRS ALIGN when initiated by the operator
via Gnd/Open discrete input. To achieve successful AHRS ALIGN, the aircraft must
maintain straight and level unaccelerated flight. The AHRS ALIGN will last no
longer than sixty (60) seconds.
During AHRS ALIGN, the AHRU will set the HDG and ATT discrete signals to no
computed data and set the ARINC 429 HDG and ATT bits to invalid, causing the
HDG and ATT flags to activate. If the UASC EFI is used as the primary flight
display, “AHRS ALIGN” will be in view on the display. After the in-flight
initialization/alignment process, the compass card on the navigation display, UASC
EFI and/or RMI/HSI will slew to the correct magnetic heading, the attitude displayed
on the UASC EFI or ADI moves to indicate the correct pitch and roll attitude; and the
ATT and HDG flags go out of view.
If the aircraft is airborne and the AHRU sensors exceed the maximum range of 128
deg/sec due to severe turbulence, the AHRU will invalidate its outputs. This
condition will continue until the fault has been cleared and an AHRS ALIGN has
been performed.
Page 14
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(7) Reversionary Attitude Mode
Failure of the alignment accelerometers at startup will cause the AHRS to enter a
Reversionary Attitude Mode. Accelerometer failure causes the attitude at power-up to
be calculated incorrectly and degrades the performance of the system.
Reversionary Attitude Mode will be annunciated as Basic mode on the discrete
output. This will cause the Reversionary/Basic annunciation to be displayed, even
when the aircraft is on-ground. The UASC EFI will annunciate this in the same way
as the Basic mode, “AHRS REV”.
(8) Operating Temperature
The Ground Survival High Temperature (non-operating) is +85°C and the Ground
Survival Low Temperature (non-operating) is -55°C. The AHRU operating
temperature range is from -55°C to +70°C. Although the unit will power-up at -55°C,
the internal IMU will not be turned on until the unit temperature reaches -30°C.
Upon application of power to the AHRU at temperatures greater than or equal to

-30°C, initialization starts immediately and the AHRU will automatically align all
inertial sensors to the proper orientation based on stored configuration data. If the
AHRU is powered on after a cold soak at less than -30°C, the AHRU will delay
initialization and alignment until its internal temperature reaches -30°C or above.
(9) Self Tests
The AHRU will perform Self-Test when initiated via a serial port maintenance
command (RS-232), discrete switch or UASC EFI. Weight-On-Wheels (WOW) input
(J1-65) must indicate on-ground for the AHRU to enter into Self-Test mode. During
Self-Test, which differs from Built-In Test, the AHRU outputs predefined values as
listed below:
 Magnetic Heading: 15°
 Pitch Angle: 5° up
 Roll Angle: 45° right wing down
If there are no problems, the above and other defined values will be visible on the
appropriate aircraft indicators. If not, the operator should note the discrepancies and
bring them to the attention of maintenance personnel. Because the validity of the
values is being achieved visually, the LED status lights will not be affected.
During Self-Test, if an error was detected during Power-up BIT (PBIT) or
Continuous Built-In-Test (CBIT), the Heading and Attitude flags on the appropriate
indicators will alternate between Invalid and Valid, with each state lasting about one
second. Maintenance personnel should be notified, but safe flight will not be affected.
When initiating Self-Test via a discrete switch or ARINC 429 request, the Self-Test
values will be output for as long as the request is asserted. Once the test is no longer
requested, Self-Test becomes inactive and the AHRS will return to its normal
operation. If Self-Test is initiated via the RS-232 interface (maintenance port), it will
be active for a period of sixty seconds.
The Self-Test will be disabled when the AHRU detects that the aircraft is in flight.
Page 15
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(10) Built-In Tests
The main AHRU software provides a Built-in-Test (BIT). There are two Built-In-
Tests that are automatically performed in the AHRU main CCA software. The Built-
in-Tests are Power-up Built-in-Test (PBIT) and Continuous Built-in-Test (CBIT).
Upon AHRU power-up, power-up built-in-tests (PBIT) are performed to test the
AHRU health. If the power-up test fails, the AHRU will not transmit any data to the
EFIS or any other avionics system that interfaces the AHRU. Upon completion of
PBIT, the AHRU will provide a FAIL status to the display system if any PBIT test
fails.
Continuous Built-in-Test (CBIT) monitors the general health and operability of the
AHRU critical functions that can be continuously checked in a background mode
during normal operation. If critical failures are detected by CBIT during normal
operation, it causes the AHRU to invalidate all data outputs and not transmit valid
data to the connected systems. Failures detected by CBIT that are not safety critical
will be logged and reported at the next maintenance check.
Page 16
34-20-30 7 December 2015
FAA Approval
1. General
Installation Approval of the Attitude and Heading Reference System (AHRS) is not
authorized by this Installation Manual. Acceptance for the installation and use of the
AHRS and its associated components must be sought through the appropriate offices of
the Federal Aviation Administration or other certifying agency. It is recommended that
all proposed installations be coordinated with the local jurisdiction of the Federal
Aviation Administration or other certifying agency prior to performing the installation.
NOTE: The TSO identifies the minimum performance standards, tests and other
conditions applicable for issuance of design and production approval of the
article. The TSO does not specifically identify acceptable conditions for
installation of the article. The TSO applicant is responsible for documenting all
limitations and conditions suitable for installation of the article. An applicant
requesting approval for installation of the article within a specific type or class
of product is responsible for determining environmental and functional
compatibility.
It is recommended that when certifying specific software versions (i.e.
SCN 1022.0.0) use the variable X (1022.0.X) in the original certification
package to ensure point changes will not affect future certification requirements
and to assure that the AFMS will not need to be changed with point changes.
A. Applicable TSOs
(1) TSO-C3e (15 Oct 2007) Turn and Slip Indicator Performance
(2) TSO-C4c (1 Apr 1959) Bank and Pitch Instruments
(3) TSO-C6e (24 Apr 2008) Direction Instrument, Magnetic (Gyroscopically
Stabilized)
(4) ETSO-C3d (24 Oct 2003) Turn and Slip Indicator Performance
(5) ETSO-C4c (24 Oct 2003) Bank and Pitch Instruments
(6) ETSO-C6e (21 Dec 2010) Direction Instrument, Magnetic (Gyroscopically
Stabilized)
NOTE: Inclusion of the ETSOs listed here should not be interpreted as having
obtained EASA ETSO Authorization. ETSO Authorization (via the
FAA / EASA bilateral agreement validation process) is obtained
following FAA TSO Authorization. ETSO Authorization will be noted
on the LRU nameplate.
Page 101
34-20-30 7 December 2015
B. Reference Documents
(1) RTCA/DO-160G (8 Dec 2010) Environmental Conditions and Test Procedures
for Airborne Equipment
(2) RTCA/DO-178B (1 Dec 1992) Software considerations in Airborne Systems and
Equipment Certification
(3) RTCA/DO-254 (19 Apr 2000) Design Assurance Guidance for Airborne
Electronic Hardware
(4) ARINC Specification 407-1 (Jun 1961) Synchro System Manual
(5) ARINC Specification 429 Part 1-18 (Dec 2012) Mark 33 Digital Information
Transfer System: Functional Description, Electrical Interface, Label Assignments
and Word Formats
(6) ARINC Specification 429 Part 2-16 (Dec 2004) Mark 33 Digital Information
Transfer System: Functional Description, Electrical Interface, Label Assignments
and Word Formats
(7) ARINC 705-5 (Apr 1985) Attitude and Heading Reference System (AHRS)
(8) AC 23.1309-1E (17 Nov 2011) System Safety Analysis and Assessment for Part
23 Aircraft
(9) AC 25.1309-1A (21 Jun 1988) System Design and Analysis
(10) AC 20-152 (30 Jun 2005) RTCA, Inc., Document RTCA/DO-254, Design
Assurance Guidance for Airborne Electronic Hardware
(11) FAA Order 8300.16 (28-Oct-2014) Major Repair and Alteration Data Approval
and associated Job Aid
(12) SAE ARP4761 Guidelines and Methods for Conducting the Safety Assessment
Process on Civil Airborne System and Equipment
(13) SAE AS 8004 Minimum Performance Standard for Turn and Slip Instrument
(MPS for TSO-C3e)
(14) SAE AS 396B: Bank and Pitch Instruments (Indicating Stabilized Type)
(Gyroscopic Horizon, Attitude Gyro) (MPS for TSO-C4c)
(15) SAE AS 8013A: Minimum Performance Standard for Direction Instrument,
Magnetic (Gyroscopically Stabilized) (MPS for TSO-C6e)
C. Universal Avionics Publications and Documents
(1) 34-20-30: Attitude Heading and Reference System AHRS Installation Manual
(This document)
Page 102
34-20-30 7 December 2015
D. TSO Deviations
(1) For complete TSO deviation details, please request UASC document
DEV-2013-1001, TSO-C3e, C4c, C6e Deviation Report for the AHS-525 Attitude
and Heading Reference System AHRU P/N 5250-( ) SCN 1022.0.X Installation Kit
P/N K12088 and Configuration Module P/N 52501.
(2) None of the deviations granted by the FAA listed below are deviations to
performance specifications. Rather, the deviations all apply to either the use of
RTCA/DO-160G for environmental qualifications or to TSO/MPS part marking
requirements.
(3) TSO-C3e, Para. 4.a.(2) Marking: Universal Avionics has been granted a
deviation to mark the units with the more informative and unique serial number in
accordance with FAA Order 8150.1C (below) in lieu of the date of manufacture
as specified by the TSO.
(4) AS 396B (MPS for TSO-C4c) Para. 3.3 Environmental Conditions: Universal
Avionics has been granted a deviation to perform environmental testing as
indicated in DO-160G for fuselage and panel or rack mounted equipment in lieu
of the requirements in AS 396B.
(5) TSO-C6e, Para. 3.d. Environmental Qualification: Universal Avionics has
been granted a deviation to show compliance to the Environmental Qualification
requirements of RTCA/DO-160G in lieu of DO-160E called out in the TSO.
(6) AS 8013A (MPS for TSO-C6e), Para. 3.15 Identification: Universal Avionics
has been granted a deviation to not mark the article with the environmental
categories or the SAE standard as required by the MPS.
E. Non-TSO Functions
There are no non-TSO functions declared for the AHRS.
F. Installation Procedures and Limitations
(1) In accordance with FAA Order 8300.16, Major Repair and Alteration Data
Approval, and associated Job Aid: For Part 23, 25, 27, & 29 aircraft, Avionics
systems that perform critical functions, other than installation of basic attitude,
altitude, and airspeed instruments, or are highly integrated with complex
switching interfaces with other equipment and systems require approval by the
STC process.
AHRS is a Level A device providing critical functions (aircraft pitch and roll),
and is not a basic (panel mount) attitude instrument. Therefore, installation of the
Universal Avionics AHS-525 AHRS requires approval by the STC process.
Contact your FAA FSDO and/or ACO offices for more information.
(2) The conditions and tests required for TSO approval of this article are minimum
performance standards. Those installing this article, on or in a specific type or
class of aircraft, must determine that the aircraft installation conditions are within
the TSO standards. TSO articles must have separate approval for installation in an
aircraft. The article may be installed only in accordance with the applicable
airworthiness requirements and, if applicable, the requirements of 14 CFR part 43.
Page 103
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(3) Aerobatic flight limitation
The system has not been demonstrated to perform its intended function during
aerobatic maneuvers.
(4) Velocity Range
The AHRS is designed to meet all specified values in the subsonic velocity range.
If the velocity limit is exceeded, the system accuracy may degrade.
Page 104
34-20-30 7 December 2015
Temporary Change No. 34.20.30-1

Manual Affected
Attitude Heading Reference System Installation Manual, Report No.34-20-30 dated 7 December 2015.
Filing Instructions
Insert adjacent Page 104 in the FAA Approval section.
Purpose
This Temporary Change adds limitations when using Universal Avionics EFI-890R displays.
Instructions
Insert the following at the end of F. Installation Procedures and Limitations section.
(5) When installing the AHS-525 AHRS in aircraft with Universal Avionics EFI-890R display
systems, it is not permissible to install dissimilar heading and attitude sources on the left and
right sides of the aircraft. For example, the AHS-525 should not be installed with a DG/VG
system on the off-side. This will cause improper annunciations on the EFI-890R display
system. For further information contact Customer Support.
Page 1 of 1
34.20.30-1
The information contained herein is subject to the Export Administration
Regulation (“EAR”), 15 C.F.R. Parts 730-774. Diversion contrary to U.S.
law is prohibited. 27 January 2016
2. Software Criticality
The software embedded in the AHRU is categorized as DO-178B Level A (Catastrophic).
Level A software is defined as “Failure conditions which would prevent continued safe
flight and landing.”
Software Module SCN Developed DO-178 Design Assurance
By
AHRU CPU CCA CSCI 1022.0.0 UASC Level A
Operational Flight Program (OFP) CSCI 7733.0.0 UASC Level A
3. Airborne Electronic Hardware

Programmable Logic Located on Means of DAL Classification per
Device (PD) Description (CCA) Compliance RTCA/DO-254 1.3
CPU FPGA CPU Board DO-254 A Complex
Actel A3P600-FG256I U101178-000
Config Item (CI) 70278-00
The CPU FPGA provides the following functions:

 Bus interface to microcontroller
 Two (2) serial-bus interfaces (to I/O CCA)
 Three (3) asynchronous serial bus transmitters (RS-422)
 Four (4) asynchronous serial bus receivers (RS-422)
 One (1) ARINC 429 transmitter with four outputs
 Three (3) ARINC 429 receivers
 One (1) Manchester Serial receiver
Page 105
34-20-30 7 December 2015
4. Instructions for Continuous Airworthiness, 14 CFR 23.1529,
25.1529, 27.1529 and 29.1529
Permission is hereby granted to use all or part of our statement for STC certification
purposes.
Our statement in compliance with 14 CFR 23.1529, 25.1529, 27.1529 and 29.1529
follows:
A. General Information
SYSTEM: Attitude and Heading Reference System (AHRS)
Modification of an aircraft by this Supplemental Type Certificate obligates the aircraft
operator to include the maintenance information provided by this document in the
operator’s Aircraft Maintenance Manual and the operator’s Aircraft Scheduled
Maintenance Program.
(1) Maintenance Manual information for the AHRS (system description, removal,
installation, testing, etc.) is contained in Universal Avionics Systems
Corporation’s (UASC) Installation Manual 34-20-30. System operation is
described fully in Description and Operation, Section 3 of this document.
(2) Line Replaceable Unit (LRU) part numbers and other necessary part numbers
contained in the installation data package should be placed in the aircraft
operator’s appropriate aircraft Illustrated Parts Catalog (IPC).
(3) Wiring diagram information contained in this data package should be placed into
the aircraft operator’s appropriate aircraft Wiring Diagram Manuals.
(4) Revision to this document will be accomplished via Service Bulletin and/or
Installation Manual Revision.
B. Airworthiness Limitations
Scheduled Maintenance
Program tasks to be added to the aircraft operator’s appropriate aircraft maintenance
program are as follows:
(1) Recommended Periodic Scheduled Servicing Tasks: None Required.
(2) Recommended Periodic Scheduled Preventative Maintenance Tests/Checks to
Determine System Condition and/or Latent Failures: None Required.
(3) Recommended Periodic Inspections: None Required.
(4) Recommended Periodic Structural Inspections: None Required.
(5) Recommended Replacement Interval: None Required
Unscheduled Maintenance
Unscheduled maintenance may include upgrade of the program software contained in the
AHRS. If the AHRS is removed and the software changed, the configuration settings
should be checked and amended as necessary in accordance with the instructions
contained in applicable manuals.
Page 106
34-20-30 7 December 2015
5. Environmental Qualification Forms
The environmental categories under which the AHRS is approved (reference RTCA/DO-
160G and RTCA/DO-160E) are listed on the accompanying Environmental Qualification
Forms in this section.
Page 107
34-20-30 7 December 2015
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALIFICATION FORM
NOMENCLATURE: Attitude and Heading Reference System and Configuration Module
PART NO.: 5250-001-00 & 52501
TSO NUMBERS: C3e, C4c, C6e
ETSO NUMBERS: C3d, C4c, C6e
DO178B: Level A DO-254: Level A
MANUFACTURER'S SPECIFICATION AND/OR OTHER APPLICABLE SPECIFICATION:
Contained in this manual
MANUFACTURER: Universal Avionics Systems Corporation
3260 E. Universal Way
Tucson, AZ. 85756-5097
DO-160G
Conditions Category Description of Conducted Tests
Section
Temperature and Altitude 4.0 A2,F2
Ground Survival Low Temperature 4.5.1 F2 -55ºC
Operating Low Temperature 4.5.2 F2 -55ºC
Ground Survival High Temperature 4.5.3 F2 +85ºC
Short Term Operating High Temp 4.5.3 F2 +70ºC
Operating High Temperature 4.5.4 F2 +70ºC
In-flight Loss of Cooling 4.5.5 X Not Tested
Altitude 4.6.1 F2 +55,000 ft.
Decompression 4.6.2 A2 +55,000 ft.
Overpressure 4.6.3 A2 -15,000 ft.
Temperature Variation 5.0 B 5°C minimum per minute
Humidity 6.0 B Severe Humidity Environment
Operational Shocks and Crash Safety 7.0 B Standard operational shock and crash
safety
Vibration 8.0 S Curve L & M
R Curve C & C1
U Curve G
Explosive Atmosphere 9.0 E Aircraft Zone II
Waterproofness 10.0 Y Condensing water
W Falling water
Fluid Susceptibility 11.0 X Not Tested
Sand and Dust 12.0 X Not Tested
Fungus Resistance 13.0 X Not Tested
Salt Spray 14.0 X Not Tested
Magnetic Effect 15.0 Z Installation ≥ 0.3m to mag compass
Page 108
34-20-30 7 December 2015
DO-160G
Conditions Category Description of Conducted Tests
Section
Power Input 16.0 AZ Tested to Categories Z, A and B
Voltage (Average Value dc) 16.6.1.1 Z Refer to DO-160G
Ripple Voltage (dc) 16.6.1.2 Z Refer to DO-160G
Momentary Power Interruptions (dc) 16.6.1.3 A Refer to DO-160G
Normal Surge Voltage (dc) 16.6.1.4 Z Refer to DO-160G
Engine Starting Under Voltage 16.6.1.5 Z Refer to DO-160G
Operation (dc)
Voltage Steady State (dc) 16.6.2.1 Z Refer to DO-160G
Low Voltage Conditions (dc) 16.6.2.2 B No Category A for this test
Momentary Undervoltage Operation 16.6.2.3 Z Refer to DO-160G
(dc)
Abnormal Surge Voltage (dc) 16.6.2.4 Z Refer to DO-160G
XZ DC current ripple test not performed,
designation X.
Alternate DC inrush current performed
during DVT, designation Z.
Voltage Spike 17.0 A High degree of protection
Audio Frequency Conducted 18.0 Z Refer to DO-160G
Susceptibility
Induced Signal Susceptibility 19.0 ZWE Refer to DO-160G
RF Susceptibility - Conducted 20.0 O Refer to DO-160G
RF Susceptibility - Radiated 20.0 W,D Refer to DO-160G
Emission of Radio Frequency 21.0 M Refer to DO-160G
Lightning Induced Transient 22.0 A3 Equipment tested to Waveform Set A,
Susceptibility Level 3 and 4 for pin injection test.
Z3 Equipment tested to Waveform Set G
(unshielded) & J (shielded) for cable
bundle single and multiple stroke tests.
L3 Equipment tested to Waveform L, Level
3 & 4 for cable bundle multiple burst
test.
Lightning Direct Effects 23.0 X Not Tested

Icing 24.0 X Not Tested
Electric Discharge 25.0 A Refer to DO-160G
Fire, Flammability 26.0 C Validated by analysis
Page 109
34-20-30 7 December 2015
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALIFICATION FORM
NOMENCLATURE: Magnetic Sensing Unit
UASC PART NO.: 5252-1000-00 (ASI PART NO.: AHR-150A-2 ( ))
TSO NUMBERS: C6e
DO-178B: Level A
MANUFACTURER'S SPECIFICATION AND/OR OTHER APPLICABLE SPECIFICATION:
Contained in this manual
MANUFACTURER: Archangel Systems Inc.
1635 Pumphrey Avenue
Auburn, AL 36832
Conditions DO-160E Category Description of Conducted Tests
Section
Temperature and Altitude 4.0 D2 Equipment intended for installation in a
non-pressurized location and non-
controlled temperature locations.
Ground Survival Low Temperature 4.5.1 D2 -55ºC
Operating Low Temperature 4.5.2 D2 -40°C (Exception to D2) (Note 1)
Ground Survival High Temperature 4.5.3 D2 +85ºC
Short Term Operating High Temp 4.5.3 D2 +70ºC
Operating High Temperature 4.5.4 D2 +70ºC
In-flight Loss of Cooling 4.5.5 D2 +40ºC
Altitude 4.6.1 D2 50,000 ft.(Note 2)
Temperature Variation 5.0 A For equipment external or internal to the
aircraft: 10°C/ minimum per minute.
(Exception to A: After cold soak, the
unit will be warmed to -40°C before
power is applied.)
Humidity 6.0 B Severe Humidity Environment
Operational Shocks and Crash Safety 7.0 BB 6 g’s for 11 msec,
20 g’s Random Orientation
Vibration 8.0 U Refer to ASI Doc. SPC-AHR150A-2-A
Explosion 9.0 E Environment II
Waterproofness 10.0 W Falling Water
Fluid Susceptibility 11.0 F Locations exposed to fluids
Sand and Dust 12.0 D Exposed to blowing dust.
Fungus Resistance 13.0 F Severe fungus contamination
Salt Spray 14.0 S Exposed to a corrosive atmosphere.
Magnetic Effect 15.0 Z Installation ≥ 0.3m to mag compass
Power Input 16.0 Z Refer to DO-160E
Voltage Spike 17.0 A High degree of protection
Audio Frequency Conducted 18.0 Z Refer to DO-160E
Susceptibility
Induced Signal Susceptibility 19.0 Z Refer to DO-160E
Page 110
34-20-30 7 December 2015
Conditions DO-160E Category Description of Conducted Tests
Section
Radio Frequency Susceptibility 20.0 Y Bench testing to show compliance to
interim HIRF rules.
Q HIRF requirements as defined in
AC/AMJ 20.1317
Emission of Radio Frequency 21.0 L Equipment and wiring located in the
electronics bay of the aircraft.
Lightning Induced Transient 22.0 B4 Test aperture and resistance coupling
Susceptibility K44 Test the cable bundle single stroke,
multiple stroke, and multiple burst tests
(unshielded, aperture and resistance
coupling).
Lightning Direct Effects 23.0 X Not Tested (See DO-160E)
Icing 24.0 A Non-temperature controlled areas of the
aircraft, where ice or frost may form.
Electric Discharge 25.0 A Static electricity discharges from human
contact.
Fire, Flammability 26.0 X Not Tested. Not mounted in designated
fire zones.
Note 1: The ASI Magnetic Sensing Unit (MSU) P/N 5252-1000-00 has been demonstrated to comply with
the requirements of RTCA/DO-160E, Section 4.5.2, Operating Low Temperature, Category F2 (-55° C).
Equipment intended for installation in a non-pressurized location and non-controlled temperature locations
on an aircraft that is operated up to 55,000 ft (15,200 m) MSL is identified as Category F2. Refer to
Archangel Systems Inc. document ETPR-4B-AHR150A-2 for test results.
Note 2: The ASI Magnetic Sensing Unit (MSU) P/N 5252-1000-00 has been demonstrated to comply with
the requirements of RTCA/DO-160E, Section 4.6.1, Altitude, Category F2 (55,000 feet). Equipment
intended for installation in a non-pressurized location and non-controlled temperature locations on an
aircraft that is operated up to 55,000 ft (15,200 m) MSL is identified as Category F2. Refer to Archangel
Systems Inc. document ETPR-4-AHR150A-2-X for test results.
Page 111
34-20-30 7 December 2015
6. Sample Airplane Flight Manual Supplement [1022.X.X]
Prepare an Airplane Flight Manual Supplement using the following sample as a guide.
NOTE: Comments in angle brackets, < >, and italics are explanatory only and should
not appear in the final supplement.
<Name of Applicant>
<Address of Applicant>
Supplement No.
FAA Approved
Airplane Flight Manual Supplement
To the
<Aircraft Description Here>
Pilot’s Operating Handbook and
Airplane Flight Manual
for Installation of Universal Avionics
AHS‐525 Attitude Heading Reference System (AHRS)
with Software SCN 1022.0.(x)
This Supplement must be attached to the FAA Approved Pilot’s Operating Handbook and Airplane Flight
Manual when the aircraft is modified by the installation of Universal AHS-525 AHRS in accordance with
STC
The information contained herein supplements or supersedes the information of the Pilot’s Operating
Handbook and FAA Approved Airplane Flight Manual only in those areas listed herein. For limitations,
procedures and performance information not contained in this supplement, consult the basic Pilot’s
Operating Handbook and FAA Approved Airplane Flight Manual
APPROVED BY _________________________________
<Name>, <Title>
FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION
<Name of Aircraft Certification Office>
<Address>
DATE: ____________
Page 112
34-20-30 7 December 2015
LOG OF REVISIONS
REV PAGES DATE DESCRIPTION FAA APPROVED

00 Title Initial revision
ii
_____________________
ii Date: XX-XX-20XX
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Page 113
34-20-30 7 December 2015
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION PAGE
LOG OF REVISIONS ..................................................................................................................................... i
TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................................................ii
SECTION I – GENERAL .................................................................................................................................
SECTION II – LIMITATIONS...........................................................................................................................
SECTION III – EMERGENCY PROCEDURES ..............................................................................................
SECTION IIIA – ABNORMAL PROCEDURES ...............................................................................................
SECTION IV – NORMAL PROCEDURES ......................................................................................................
SECTION V – PERFORMANCE DATA ..........................................................................................................
SECTION VI – WEIGHT & BALANCE ............................................................................................................
SECTION VII – SYSTEMS..............................................................................................................................
Page 114
34-20-30 7 December 2015
SECTION I – GENERAL
1. INSTALLATION DESCRIPTION
The AHS-525 stand-alone Attitude Heading Reference System (AHRS) is a solid-state sensor system
based upon Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology. The system is made up of two
units; the Attitude Heading Reference Unit (AHRU) mounted in the avionics bay, and the Magnetic
Sensing unit (MSU) mounted in the right wingtip. Power for the MSU is provided by the AHRU.
In this installation the AHRS control functions are accessed by means of a switch panel located <Enter
Location>.
In this installation the AHS-525 provides attitude and/or heading information to the following equipment;
< Enter Equipment interfaces>
2. Modes of Operation
The AHS-525 can operate in the following modes: Normal, Basic, Reversionary, Magnetic Mode, DG
Mode, Fast Erect, and Test.
a. Normal and Basic Modes
The AHRS operates in either “Normal” Attitude mode or “Basic” (Reversionary) Attitude mode.
Normal Attitude mode requires True Airspeed (TAS) data.
Normal mode is the AHRS default and intended attitude mode of operation. This mode requires
valid air data inputs into the AHRS for normal alignment and operation.
b. Reversionary Attitude Mode
In flight, the AHRS will automatically revert to the Basic mode of operation only if the loss of
valid true airspeed occurs. The automatic reversion of the AHRS from Normal mode to
Reversionary mode, and vice-versa, occurs in less than five seconds.
In addition, failure of IMU Accelerometers will cause the AHRS to enter a Reversionary Attitude
Mode. Accelerometer failure causes the attitude at power-up to be calculated incorrectly and
degrades the performance of the system.
Reversionary Attitude Mode will be displayed on the EFIS as “AHRS REV”, or on an
annunciator on the flight deck.
c. Heading Mode of Operation
The AHRS normally operates in Magnetic heading mode. In Magnetic heading mode, the
magnetic field reference data received from the MSU is used by the AHRU to determine the
heading. If signal from the MSU is lost or if the MSU fails, heading will be flagged on the
displays. The crew may select DG Mode or select another heading source available.
In DG mode, the input received from the MSU is not used; the AHRU performs like a directional
gyro. At any time after initialization (on-ground or in-air), the operator can manually select DG
mode via the switch control panel. This may be necessary in the event of magnetic heading
failure (i.e., loss of magnetic field data from the MSU or non-availability of the MSU).
When in DG mode, activating the slew control on the switch control panel causes the AHRU to
decrease or increase its heading. For the first five seconds, the heading will change at 1° per
second. If the switch remains engaged for longer than five seconds, the heading change rate
will accelerate up to 5° per second.
NOTE: DG mode is a fail-down mode and may not be utilized for navigation without frequent
cross reference to another magnetic heading source.
Page 115
34-20-30 7 December 2015
d. Stationary (On-Ground) Initialization and Alignment
Upon application of power to the AHRU at temperatures greater than or equal to -30°C,
initialization starts immediately and the AHRU will automatically align all inertial sensors to the
proper orientation based on stored configuration data. This automatic initialization/alignment
should last no longer than sixty (60) seconds.
However, if the AHRU is powered on after a cold soak at less than -30°C, the AHRU will delay
initialization and alignment until its internal temperature reaches -30°C or above.
Once initialization has begun, the relatively minor aircraft motion resulting from normal wind
buffet and servicing of the aircraft, including loading fuel, cargo, and passengers, should not
significantly influence the alignment process or the resulting system accuracy.
e. AHRS In-Flight Initialization and Alignment
If the aircraft is airborne and there is a momentary or total power loss (both primary and
auxiliary power sources for more than 200 ms), the AHRU will shut down. Once power is
reapplied, the AHRU is capable of achieving a successful initialization and alignment provided
the aircraft maintains straight and level flight without acceleration changes. This process will
last no longer than sixty (60) seconds.
If the aircraft is not in straight and level unaccelerated flight when AHRU power is reapplied, the
AHRU may not achieve accurate initialization/alignment. In that instance, once the aircraft is
able to maintain straight and level flight for at least sixty (60) seconds, the operator should
perform an AHRS ALIGN as described below.
If the aircraft is airborne and the AHRU gyros exceed the maximum range of 150 deg/s, the
AHRU will lose its attitude reference. As a result, the heading and attitude flags will be in view
on the display system. The crew should perform an inflight alignment of the AHRS in this event.
NOTE: Straight and level is defined as no more than ±5° of bank, ±3° of pitch, and ±5° of yaw.
f. Self-Test
The AHRU will perform a Self-Test when initiated via the switch control panel. Weight-On-
Wheels (WOW) must indicate on-ground for the AHRU to enter into Self-Test mode. During
Self-Test, the AHRU outputs predefined values as partially listed below.
Magnetic Heading: 15°
Pitch Angle: 5° up
Roll Angle: 45° right wing down
2. Control of Functions (sample panel)
The Control of AHRS functions is addressed via the switch control panel located <enter location here>
DG AHRS #1
INC DEC
MAG HDG AHRS SELF
MODE SLEW ALIGN TEST

Page 116
34-20-30 7 December 2015
Temporary Change No. 34.20.30-2

Manual Affected
Attitude Heading Reference System Installation Manual, Report No.34-20-30 dated 7 December 2015.
Filing Instructions
Insert adjacent Page 116 in the FAA Approval section.
Purpose
This Temporary Change clarifies movement induced changes to AHRS.
Instructions
Insert the following after the last paragraph of d. Stationary (On-Ground) Initialization and
Alignment section:
NOTE: Upon completion of power-up and initial ground alignment, the flight crew should be
aware that air data aiding is not utilized at low airspeeds such as taxi. Turning maneuvers
on the ground may induce a slight divergence of aircraft pitch and roll. The AHRS will
recover shortly after the lateral accelerations from turning stop or air data aiding becomes
effective.
Page 1 of 1
34.20.30-2
The information contained herein is subject to the Export Administration
Regulation (“EAR”), 15 C.F.R. Parts 730-774. Diversion contrary to U.S.
law is prohibited. 12 April 2016
SECTION II – LIMITATIONS
1. DG mode is a fail-down mode and may not be utilized for navigation without frequent cross reference to
another magnetic heading source.
2. AHRS REV mode may not be used for attitude or heading reference except as a short term reference to
be used while selecting another attitude device in the event “AHRS REV” is annunciated
3. Temperature Limitations:
The AHRU is a convectively cooled, line replaceable unit (LRU) that does not contain any internal fans
and does not require any external fans or other cooling method. The Ground Survival High
Temperature (non-operating) is +85°C and the Ground Survival Low Temperature (non-operating) is -
55°C. The AHRU operating temperature range is from -55°C to +70°C. However, if the AHRU is
powered on after a cold soak at less than -30°C, the AHRU will delay initialization and alignment until
its internal temperature reaches -30°C or above. Although the unit will power-up at -55°C, the internal
IMU will not be turned on until the unit internal temperature reaches -30°C.
4. Aerobatic flight limitation
The system has not been demonstrated to perform its intended function during aerobatic maneuvers.
5. Operation Near Polar Latitudes
 The AHS-525 will not meet heading performance requirements when operating at the magnetic
North (82.7°N 114.4°W) and South poles (63.5°S 138.0°E).
 Heading Accuracy Degrades with Increasing Magnetic Main Field Inclination.
 Areas depicted on the chart, in the following illustration, between the Green and Red lines (shaded
area) represent potential heading accuracy degradation of up to 4°.
 In areas with latitudes greater than the lines shown in red in the following illustration, performance
may degrade significantly to the point that magnetic heading output should not be trusted.

Chart based on NOAA/NGDC & CIRES
http://ngdc.noaa.gov/geomag/WMM
Published December 2014
US/UK World Magnetic Model - Epoch 2015
Main Field Inclination (I)
Page 117
34-20-30 7 December 2015
SECTION III - EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
Loss of Electrical Power
1. If AHRS loses all electric power for any reason and attitude/heading output is lost, perform the
following once electrical power is reestablished;
2. Use standby instrumentation to fly the aircraft.
3. Fly straight and level for up to 60 seconds to allow the AHS-525 to complete initialization and
alignment.
4. If the crew wishes to manually initiate inflight alignment, press the AHRS ALIGN button for a
minimum of 1 second and release. Fly straight and level for 60 seconds for alignment to
complete.
NOTE:
Straight and level is defined as no more than 5° of bank, 3° of pitch, and 5° of yaw.
SECTION IIIA - ABNORMAL PROCEDURES
A. The FMS and associated components are protected by the following circuit breakers:
<Describe Here>
B. AHRS Inoperative
1. Alternate Attitude and Heading Source – SELECT FOR DISPLAY ON EFIS using ATT/HDG
Revert button on display controller.
2. If other sources are not available for display on EFIS, refer to standby instruments.
NOTE:
The autopilot and other systems requiring attitude or heading inputs may be inoperative.
C. Inflight AHRS Alignment
1. If the crew determines there is a need to manually initiate inflight alignment, accomplish the
following;
2. Use standby instrumentation to fly the aircraft.
3. Press the AHRS ALIGN button for a minimum of 1 second and release.
4. Fly straight and level for 60 seconds for alignment to complete.
NOTE:
Straight and level is defined as no more than 5° of bank, 3° of pitch, and 5° of yaw
D. AHRS REV Annunciated
1. Air Data – Verify Valid
2. Degraded Performance – EXPECT
3. Consider selecting an alternate attitude and heading source via the #1 PFD control panel.
NOTE:
AHRS REV mode may not be used for attitude or heading reference except as a short term
reference to be used while selecting another attitude device in the event “AHRS REV” is
annunciated.
E. Heading or Attitude Flag in View while airborne
1. Alternate Attitude and Heading Source – SELECT AS NEEDED
2. If other sources are not available, refer to standby instruments.
Page 118
34-20-30 7 December 2015
SECTION IV - NORMAL PROCEDURES
1. OPERATION
FUNCTION OPERATION
MAG MODE Normal Operating Mode
DG MODE Selecting DG MODE with the switch control panel will place the AHS-
525 into a direction gyro mode which will disregard any input from a
magnetic sensing source.
HEADING SLEW If the AHS-525 is in DG mode, selecting the HDG SLEW function with
the switch control panel will enable the crew to slew the heading
indication one degree per second for the first 5 seconds as long as the
switch is held. After 5 seconds the slew rate will increase to 5 degrees
per second.
AHRS ALIGN Selecting AHRS ALIGN will initiate an AHRS ALIGN sequence to
restore the AHRS functionality in the event of a momentary loss of
attitude sensing (such as a power interruption).
SELF TEST Selecting SELF TEST while on the ground will display the test
parameters on the displays.
2. SYSTEM ANNUNCIATIONS
The AHS-525 generates outputs for the following annunciations on <Enter Description Here>
ANNUNCIATION COLOR DESCRIPTION
DG MODE White Indicates the AHRS is operating in DG Mode
In flight, the AHRS will automatically revert to the Basic mode of

operation only if the loss of valid TAS occurs. The automatic
AHRS REV Amber
reversion of the AHRS from Normal mode to Basic mode, and
vice-versa, occurs in less than five seconds.
The unit will report being in alignment mode if initialization has

been delayed due to temperature conditions. This will be seen
AHRS Align Amber
when on ground alignment is taking place or during and in-flight
alignment.
SECTION V – PERFORMANCE DATA

NO CHANGE TO AFM.
SECTION VI – WEIGHT & BALANCE

NO CHANGE TO AFM.
SECTION VII – SYSTEMS

NO CHANGE TO AFM.
Page 119
34-20-30 7 December 2015
Equipment Specifications
1. Equipment Identification
AHRS Equipment
Component Name Part Number
Attitude and Heading Reference Unit (AHRU) 5250-001-00
Magnetic Sensing Unit (MSU) 5252-1000-00
Attitude Heading Configuration Module 52501
AHRU Aircraft Mounting Plate 525500-100
2. Equipment Specifications
A. Attitude Heading Reference Unit (AHRU)
Characteristics Specifications
Size (AHRU with Mounting Plate) 5.25” W x 5.41” H x 8.65" D
Weight: (AHRU without Mounting Plate) 7.5 lbs. max
Weight: (AHRU with Mounting Plate) 8.0 lbs. max
Mounting Special Mounting Plate P/N 525500-100
Power Requirements (nominal) 27.5 VDC, 2.18 A, 60 W
B. Magnetic Sensing Unit

Size 4.41" W x 3.77" H x 0.99" D
Component Weight 0.5 lbs.
Mounting Solid Mounted
Power Requirements 8-12 VDC, <160 mA at 9 VDC
Supplied by AHRU
C. Configuration Module
Size 1.760” W x 0.75” H x 0.56" D
Weight: 1 oz.
Mounting Mounted to AHRU Plug
Power Requirements (nominal) Power provided by AHRU
Page 201
34-20-30 7 December 2015
3. Installation Kits
A. AHRS Installation Kit P/N K12088
NOTE: Configuration Module, P/N 52501, is not part of the installation kit.
Quantity Part Number Description
1 83001280 Plug, Straight, SZ 25, 128 Socket Contacts,
or equivalent MS replacement Olive Drab
D38999/26WJ35SN (Mil-Spec.)
1 83001281 Strain Relief for SZ 25 Plug, Olive Drab
or equivalent MS replacement
M85049/38-25W (Mil-Spec.)
1 525500-100 AHRU Aircraft Mounting Plate
4 990693 #10 Flat Washer 3/8” O.D., Stainless Steel,
or equivalent MS replacement Black Oxide
MS15795-846B (Mil-Spec.)
4 990694 #10-32x3/8” LG Socket Head Cap Screw,
or equivalent MS replacement Stainless Steel, Black Oxide
MS16996-9-B (Mil-Spec.)
1 J100593-000 6 Pin Connector, Olive Drab
D38999/24JB98SN (Mil-Spec)
1 J100676-000 Back Shell for connector J100593-000
M85049/38S11N (Mil-Spec.)
B. MSU Calibration Software P/N P12117

Quantity Part Number Description
1 A12117-1 AHRS MSU Calibration Software, DVD Version
1 A12117-2 AHRS MSU Calibration Software, USB Flash
Drive Version
Page 202
34-20-30 7 December 2015
4. Equipment Drawings
A. Attitude Heading Reference Unit
7.5 LBS.
Page 203
34-20-30 7 December 2015
0.58
0.16
0.25
4.41
133.5
DIRECTION OF FLIGHT
R1.89
O3.46
O3.00
93.0
3.77
3.00
3 Alignment and Fixing Groove

Use #10 Screws
133.5
NOTES:
1. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN INCHES.
2. WEIGHT APPROSIMATELY 0.5 LBS.
Page 204
34-20-30 7 December 2015
C. Configuration Module
1.760
1.602
0.302 x 2
0.375
0.75
0.188 x 2
0.369
0.56
CONFIGURATION
THREADED PORTION MODULE
OF WIRE CLAMP
STRAIN RELIEF
THREADED PORTION
OF WIRE CLAMP CONNECTOR
NOTES:
1. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN INCHES.
2. WEIGHT APPROSIMATELY 0.05 LBS.
Page 205
34-20-30 7 December 2015
D. Mounting Plate
3. USE FOUR 10-32 X TBD LENGTH, 82 DEGREE FLAT HEAD SCREWS

TO MOUNT PLATE TO AIRCRAFT.
Page 206
34-20-30 7 December 2015
5. Signal Specifications
A. Inputs
(1) Air Data Computer ARINC 429 Input
The Attitude and Heading Reference Unit (AHRU) will receive the following data
direct from Air Data System via ARINC 429 bus.
Label Parameter Binary Computer Resolution Format R = Required
Word Operational X = Possible
Range Range Use
210 True Airspeed 2047.93 100 – 599 Knots 0.0625 Knot Binary R
2048
206 Indicated 1024 0 – 450 Knots 0.0625 Knot Binary R
Airspeed
(2) Analog Air Data Computer Input

The Attitude and Heading Reference Unit will receive Indicated Airspeed (IAS) and
Pressure Altitude (PA) data direct from Rockwell Collins ADC-85/86/850 Air Data
System and other “generic” Air data Systems via 2-wire analog input channels.
Analog ADC Type A Input
Parameter Scale Factor Range Data Range
Pressure Altitude 0.12 mV DC/ft -0.12 – 10.75 VDC -1000 – 89,583 ft
Indicated Airspeed 20 mV DC/kt 0 – 10 VDC 0 – 500 kts
Analog ADC Type B Input

Pressure Altitude 0.75 V DC/ft ±0.2 mV DC/ft -0.12 – 10.75 VDC -4350 – 50,000 ft
Indicated Airspeed 11.11 mV DC/kt 0 – 10 VDC 0 – 900 kts
(3) Manchester Encoded Serial Digital Data Input

The Attitude and Heading Reference Unit will receive true airspeed (TAS) directly
from Air Data System via the Manchester Encoded Serial Digital bus.
Label Parameter Range Sig. Bits Resolution Transmit Interval
(msec nominal)
1 IAS (Knots) 512 15 0.015625 59
5 TAS (Knots) 1024 15 0.03125 59
Page 207
34-20-30 7 December 2015
B. Performance Requirements
(1) AHRS Performance Requirements with ADC and MSU Inputs
Output Parameters Range Nominal Accuracy
(with air data and MSU input)**
Over TSO Operating Temperature Range
Roll Angle ±180 degrees ±0.5 degrees steady level flight (3σ)
±1.0 degrees maneuvers (3σ)
Pitch Angle ±90 degrees ±0.5 degrees steady level flight (3σ)
Heading Angle ±180 degrees ±1.0 degrees steady level flight (3σ)
Body Rates* ±150°deg/sec ±0.02 deg/sec bias
±0.5% scale factor error
Accelerations ±10 g ±0.005 g bias
±0.5% scale factor error
*The Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) can support body rates up to 150 deg/s; however, the
ARINC 429 interface supports body rates of up to 128 deg/s (ARINC 429 Part 1-17). Thus,
the AHRU body rates output is also limited to 128 deg/s.
(2) AHRS Performance Requirements without ADC Inputs

Heading Angle ±180 degrees ±1.0 degrees steady level flight
± 5 degrees maneuvers(3σ)
Body Rates ±150° deg/sec ±0.02 deg/sec
Accelerations ±10 g ±0.005g
(3) AHRS Performance Requirements without MSU Inputs

Heading Angle ±180 degrees ±2.0 degrees
Body Rates* ±150° deg/sec ±0.02 deg/sec
Accelerations ±10 g ±0.005g
Page 208
34-20-30 7 December 2015
C. Outputs
(1) ARINC 407 Synchro Output
The Autopilot will receive analog Heading, Pitch, and Roll data directly from the
Attitude Heading Reference Unit via ARINC 407 Synchro Output.
Output Range Index Positive Scale Load Signal
Signal (Deg) Reference Direction Factor Capability Format
Sense (Ohm)
Pitch ±180 0 deg = Nose Up 1=1 Three 220 3-wire
Horizon + j450 ohm
loads
Roll ±180 0 deg = Right Wing 1=1 Three 220 3-wire
Horizon Down + j450 ohm
loads
Magnetic 0 - 360 0 deg = Nose Right 1=1 Three 220 3-wire
Heading Magnetic + j450 ohm
North loads
(2) Attitude Direction Indicator (ADI)

Attitude Direction Indicator (ADI) will receive the following data directly from
Attitude and Heading Reference Unit via the ARINC 407 Synchro.
Sense (Ohm)
Pitch ±180 0 deg = Nose Up 1=1 Three 220 3-wire
Horizon + j450 ohm
loads
Roll ±180 0 deg = Right Wing 1=1 Three 220 3-wire
Horizon Down + j450 ohm
loads
(3) Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI)

Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI) will receive the following data directly from

Sense (Ohm)

North loads
Page 209
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(4) Radio Magnetic Indicator (RMI)

The Radio Magnetic Indicator (RMI) will receive the following data directly from
Sense (Ohm)
North loads
(5) Autopilot – ARINC 429

The Autopilot will receive the following data directly from the Attitude and Heading
Reference Unit via ARINC 429 bus. All units are in degrees.
Label Parameter Range Resolution Format
270 AHRS Discrete Status Word N/A N/A Discrete Required
320 Magnetic Heading ±180 0.0055 Binary Required
324 Pitch Angle ±90 0.011 Binary Required
325 Roll Angle ±180 0.01 Binary Required
326 Body Pitch Rate ±128 0.015 Binary Required
327 Body Roll Rate ±128 0.015 Binary Required
330 Body Yaw Rate ±128 0.015 Binary Required
331 Body Longitudinal ±4 0.001 Binary Required
Acceleration
332 Body Lateral Acceleration ±4 0.001 Binary Required
333 Body Normal Acceleration ±4 0.001 Binary Required
336 Inertial Pitch Rate ±128 0.015 Binary
337 Inertial Roll Rate ±128 0.015 Binary
364 Vertical Acceleration ±4 0.001 Binary
375 Along Heading Acceleration ±4 0.001 Binary
376 Across Heading Acceleration ±4 0.001 Binary
Page 210
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(6) EFIS – ARINC 429
The Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS) will receive the following data
directly from Attitude and Heading Reference Unit via the ARINC 429 bus. All units
are in degrees.
270 AHRS Discrete Status Word N/A N/A Discrete
320 Magnetic Heading ±180 0.0055 Binary
324 Pitch Angle ±90 0.011 Binary
325 Roll Angle ±180 0.01 Binary
(7) Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System – ARINC 429

The Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System (EGPWS) will receive the
following data direct from Attitude and Heading Reference Unit via the ARINC 429
bus. All units are in degrees.
Acceleration
Page 211
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(8) Flight Management System – ARINC 429
The Flight Management System (FMS) will receive the following data direct from
Attitude and Heading Reference Unit via the ARINC 429 bus. All units are in
degrees.
Acceleration
Page 212
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(9) Terrain Awareness Warning System – ARINC 429
The Terrain Awareness Warning System (TAWS) will receive the following data
direct from Attitude and Heading Reference Unit via ARINC 429. All units are in
degrees.
Acceleration
Page 213
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(10) Flight Data Recorder – ARINC 429

The Flight Data Recorder (FDR) will receive the following data direct from Attitude
and Heading Reference Unit via the ARINC 429 bus. All units are in degrees.
Acceleration
Page 214
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(11) Traffic Collision Avoidance System – ARINC 429
Traffic Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) will receive the following data direct
from Attitude and Heading Reference Unit via the ARINC 429 bus. All units are in
degrees.
Acceleration
336 Inertial Pitch Rate ±128 0.015 Binary Possible Use
337 Inertial Roll Rate ±128 0.015 Binary Possible Use
364 Vertical Acceleration ±4 0.001 Binary Possible Use
375 Along Heading Acceleration ±4 0.001 Binary Possible Use
376 Across Heading Acceleration ±4 0.001 Binary Possible Use
Page 215
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(12) Weather Radar System – ARINC 429
The Weather Radar System will receive the following data direct from Attitude and
Heading Reference Unit via the ARINC 429 bus. All units are in degrees.
Acceleration
336 Inertial Pitch Rate ±128 0.015 Binary Possible Use
337 Inertial Roll Rate ±128 0.015 Binary Possible Use
364 Vertical Acceleration ±4 0.001 Binary Possible Use
375 Along Heading Acceleration ±4 0.001 Binary Possible Use
376 Across Heading Acceleration ±4 0.001 Binary Possible Use
(13) Weather Radar System – ARINC 407

The Weather Radar System will receive the following data direct from Attitude and
Heading Reference Unit via the ARINC 407 Synchro.
Parameter WXR Pitch WXR Roll
Scale Factor 50 mV/degree 50 mV/degree
Range 0 to ±90 degrees 0 to ±90 degrees
Resolution 0.1 degree 0.1 degree
Accuracy 0.75 degree 0.75 degree
Index Resolution 0 V=horizon 0 V=horizon
Positive Direction Nose Up Right Wing Down
Signal Format 2-wire 2-wire
Phase Angle 0 ±3 degrees 0 ±3 degrees
Load Capability 10 kOhm Load 10 kOhm Load
Page 216
34-20-30 7 December 2015
Installation and Wiring

1. General
This section contains considerations and recommendations for the installation of AHRS.
Interconnect harness wiring and physical mounting must be considered as required to satisfy
all applicable regulations. It is the responsibility of those desiring to install this article in a
specific type or class of aircraft to determine that the aircraft installation conditions are
within TSO standards. If not within standards, the applicant must obtain approval from the
Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration or other certifying agency. To ensure
optimal performance from the AHRS, strict adherence to the Installation Considerations in
this manual must be maintained.
The information, drawings and wiring diagrams contained in this manual are intended to be a
do not represent any specific STC or Form 337 aircraft installation. It is the installer’s
responsibility to compose installation drawings specific to the aircraft. This manual and the
drawings and wiring diagrams contained herein may not be used as a substitute for an STC
or Form 337 drawing package.
Page 301
34-20-30 7 December 2015
2. Installation Considerations
A. Software Requirements
If integrating the AHRU with UASC EFI-890Rs, the minimum software control number of
the EFI-890R should be 1017.1.7.
B. AHRU and Mounting Plate Installation
Prior to AHRU installation on an aircraft, the mounting plate must be permanently affixed to
the aircraft structure. It is paramount that the mounting plate, when installed on the aircraft
accurately, aligns within the tolerance with reference to the principal aircraft axes. The
alignment of the mounting plate with the aircraft pitch, roll, and azimuth axes of the aircraft
is the basis for the operation of AHRS. If the mounting plate is not accurately aligned with
the aircraft axes, the AHRS output data will not be accurate as required. Best industry
standards should be used when aligning the mounting plate to the airframe.
Axis ± arc minutes
Pitch and Roll 12 (0.2 degrees)
Azimuth 12 (0.2 degrees)
The Attitude and Heading Reference Unit has four mounting axis configuration options. The
AHRU mounting orientation can be configured by the operator via the RS-232 maintenance
port to be Forward, Aft, Right, or Left with reference to connector J1, as shown in the
following illustrations. At power up, the AHRU will default to the orientation configured
during the initial installation (i.e., during aircraft installation/alignment (compass swing)). If
the AHRU orientation is not yet configured, at power up, the AHRU will always default to
the factory orientation that is plug forward.
Since the location of the avionics/equipment bay or rack is different from aircraft to aircraft,
the installer must select the appropriate AHRU location and orientation suitable for the
AHRU installation before performing the AHRU installation. Appropriate stiffness of the
mounting structure is required for acceptable performance of the AHRU. Vibration of the
mounting structure at frequencies less than 300 Hz may result in poor performance. See
further instructions for configuring the AHS-525 in System Data Installation section of this
manual. Once the AHRU is installed and configured for a specific orientation, the operator
should not change the orientation of the AHRU. If the AHRU is removed for maintenance
purposes, it must be re-installed to the original orientation. Removal and reinstallation of the
AHRU to its original orientation will not require reconfiguring of the AHRU or performing a
compass swing.
The AHRU mounting plate incorporates two alignment pins that prevent improper
installation of the AHRU on the mounting plate. Attitude and Heading Reference Units with
the same part number will be interchangeable provided the installed orientation remains the
same and the configuration data contained within the configuration module remain
unchanged. No alignment or calibration is necessary.
Regardless of the AHRU orientation in the aircraft (Forward, Aft, Right, or Left), the pitch,
roll, and heading outputs correspond to the actual roll, pitch, and heading angles of the
aircraft.
Page 302
34-20-30 7 December 2015
PLUG FORWARD
PLUG AFT
PLUG LEFT
PLUG RIGHT
Page 303
34-20-30 7 December 2015
C. Magnetic Sensing Unit Installation
The Magnetic Sensing Unit (MSU) is a three axis magnetic sensor that is extremely sensitive
to magnetic fields; therefore, the use of non-magnetic materials to secure the MSU to the
airframe is required. The MSU requires three #10-32 stainless steel screws (i.e. MS16996-11)
or Series 300 non-magnetic stainless steel, torqued to 31.7-inch lbs. Aluminum or brass
screws may also be used provided they are torqued appropriately. NAS 620-C10L Washers or
equivalent non-magnetic washers may also be used with the screws.
The pattern for the mounting holes of the MSU is illustrated in the MSU drawing below and
the Equipment Specification section of this manual.
The direction of flight (aircraft forward) is away from the cable assembly end of the MSU,
illustrated in the MSU drawing below and the Equipment Specification section of this
manual.
133.5
DIRECTION OF FLIGHT
R1.89
O3.46
O3.00
93.0
133.5
The mounting holes are slotted to allow the installer flexibility in aligning the direction of
flight axis of the MSU with the aircraft’s longitudinal axis. The MSU must be installed in the
aircraft such that the forward direction of the MSU is within ±0.5° of parallel alignment with
the aircraft’s longitudinal axis.
NOTE: The MSU mounting flange is 0.25” above the bottom of the MSU. An aluminum
or composite bracket is recommended with a 3-inch round hole for the MSU.
NOTE: The MSU should be mounted such that it is within 2 degrees of level when the
aircraft is on the ground not moving.
Page 304
34-20-30 7 December 2015
The MSU must be installed in the aircraft in a location where there is minimal magnetic
interference from other devices in the aircraft and in such a location where physical
excursions resulting from natural oscillations are minimal. To ensure this, the MSU must be
placed as far away as possible from ferromagnetic metals such as iron, cobalt and permalloy.
It should also be placed as far away as possible from wires carrying any significant current.
CAUTION: FAILURE TO INSTALL THE MSU IN A MAGNETICALLY
FRIENDLY ENVIRONMENT WILL RESULT IN HEADING ERRORS
THAT CANNOT BE REMOVED BY FIELD CALIBRATION.
Typical installation areas are the tail section or wing tips. In rotorcraft, installation is usually
below the main cabin or in the tail boom away from any rotating ferromagnetic shafts. The
shaded areas in the following illustration are the recommended areas for installation of the
MSU.
Installation of the MSU within two feet of the cabin is not recommended due to potential
interference that would affect the performance of the device. When mounting the MSU in the
wing, it is recommended that the wing tip lights have a dedicated power ground supplied
through a twisted pair of wire back into the fuselage as opposed to a ground reference back
to airframe ground. This will prevent current flow in the wing skin that may degrade the
performance of the MSU.
Page 305
34-20-30 7 December 2015
If the AHS-525 is to be installed as a second or third source along with legacy systems, the MSU
should be located near the primary flux sensor (this will reduce heading differences with the primary
heading display).
If more than one AHS-525 units with MSUs are installed, it is recommended that both magnetometers
be located in the same location.
NOTE: If the magnetometers in dual installations are not stacked or mounted near one another;
heading differences between the AHS-525 and the other system using the magnetometer
may occur during ground operations. This is due to local external magnetic interferences
that may be present such as buildings, underground wiring, rebar, etc.
For installation of multiple MSU’s in one airframe, the minimum separation requirements
below must be observed;
 Vertical installation: A minimum of 6 inches between units
 Fore/Aft installation: A minimum of 2 inches between units
 Side-by-side: A minimum of 2 inches between units
The following guidelines are recommended for the MSU installation:
 Do not mount the MSU closer than ten feet of electric motor and relays.
 Do not mount the MSU closer than eight feet of ferromagnetic structures greater than 1 kg.
 Do not mount the MSU closer than four feet of ferromagnetic structures less than 1 kg.
 Do not mount the MSU closer than four feet of any electrical component/conductor
drawing in excess of 100 mA.
 Do not mount the MSU closer than two feet of any electrical component/conductors
drawing less than 100 mA.
NOTE: When routing the MSU cable the connector and the ferrite bead on the end of the
cable should be placed as far away as possible from the MSU housing.
Degaussing
For the MSU to function properly in a tubular steel fuselage aircraft, the airframe must be
degaussed prior to MSU installation. It may also be necessary to degauss flight control
cables near the MSU location to prevent magnetic interference.
D. Lever Arm Lengths
The lever arm lengths in the X, Y and Z axes are the distances from the aircraft center of
gravity (CG) to the AHRU installation. The positive sense for X, Y and Z axis is forward,
right, and down (respectively).
After the installation of the mounting plate and AHRU, the installer will measure and record
the lever arm lengths from the aircraft center of gravity to the top of the mounting screw
under the AHRU LEDs. See further instructions for configuring the AHS-525 in System
Data Installation section of this manual.
Page 306
34-20-30 7 December 2015
3. Pin Assignment
A. AHRU
(1) Connector J1
Pin Function With Description
Reference
To
1 +28 VDC Primary Power Input J1-3,4,7,13
2 +28 VDC Primary Power Input J1-3,4,7,13
3 Power Return
4 Power Return
5 +28 VDC Auxiliary Power Input J1-3,4,7,13
6 +28 VDC Auxiliary Power Input J1-3,4,7,13
7 Power Return
8 Chassis Ground
9 NC
10 NC
11 NC
12 NC
13 Power Return
14 NC
15 Chassis Ground
16 2-wire Synchro (Y) – Pitch J1-26 The output is a 2-wire synchro output of
200 mV/degree. The output is capable of
driving one 10k ohm load.
ARINC 407 and 407-1 output
characteristics:
Range: 0 to ±90 degrees
Resolution: 0.1 degree
Accuracy: 0.5 degree
Index Resolution: 0V=horizon
Positive Direction: nose up
Phase Angle: 0±3 degrees
17 28 VDC/Open Discrete Out 1 Open = Invalid
(Altitude Valid) 28 VDC = Valid
18 28 VDC/Open Discrete Out 3 Open = Invalid
(Heading #2) 28 VDC = Valid
19 28 VDC/Open Discrete Out 5 Open = Not Initializing
(Initialization Annunciation) 28 VDC = Initializing
20 RS-422 TX 1 (H) J1-31
21 ARINC 429 TX 1 (A) J1-32
22 ARINC 429 TX 2 (A) J1-23
23 ARINC 429 TX 2 (B) J1-22
24 NC
Page 307
34-20-30 7 December 2015

Reference
To
25 2-wire Synchro (Y) – Weather Radar J1-36 The output is a 2-wire synchro output of
Roll 50 mV/degree. The output is capable of
characteristics:
26 2-wire Synchro (X) – Pitch J1-16 The output is a 2-wire synchro output of
characteristics:
27 NC
28 2-wire Synchro (Y) – Weather Radar J1-29 The output is a 2-wire synchro output of
Pitch 50 mV/degree. The output is capable of
driving one 10 kohm load.
characteristics:
29 2-wire Synchro (X) – Weather Radar J1-28 The output is a 2-wire synchro output of
Pitch 50 mV/degree. The output is capable of
characteristics:
30 Reserved J1-41 Reserved
Page 308
34-20-30 7 December 2015

Reference
To
31 RS-422 TX 1 (L) J1-20
32 ARINC 429 TX 1 (B) J1-21
33 Ground
34 ARINC 429 TX 4 (B) J1-46
35 RS-232 TX 1 (H) J1-47
36 2-wire Synchro (X) – Weather Radar J1-25 The output is a 2-wire synchro output of
Roll 50 mV/degree. The output is capable of
characteristics:
37 2-wire Differential Analog DC (H) – J1-38 The pitch rate output provides a scale
Analog Pitch Rate factor of 200 mVDC/degree/second
proportional to body pitch rate. The range
is 0 to ±10 VDC (i.e. ±50 degrees per
second).
38 2-wire Differential Analog DC (L) – J1-37 The pitch rate output provides a scale
Analog Pitch Rate factor of 200 mVDC/degree/second
proportional to body pitch rate. The range
is 0 to ±10 VDC (i.e. ±50 degrees per
second).
39 2-wire Differential Analog DC (L) – J1-40 The yaw rate output provides a scale
Analog Yaw Rate factor of 100/200/333/666
mVDC/degree/second proportional to
body pitch rate. The range is 4 VDC (i.e.
±20 degrees per second). The output is
capable of driving one 1 kohm load.
40 2-wire Differential Analog DC (H) – J1-39 The yaw rate output provides a scale
Analog Yaw Rate factor of 100/200/333/666
mVDC/degree/second proportional to
body pitch rate. The range is 4 VDC (i.e.
±20 degrees per second). The output is
capable of driving one 1 kohm load.
42 ARINC 429 TX 3 (B) J1-43
43 ARINC 429 TX 3 (A) J1-42
44 NC
45 NC
Page 309
34-20-30 7 December 2015

Referenc
e To
46 ARINC 429 TX 4 (A) J1-34
47 RS-232 RX 1 (L) J1-35
48 3-wire Synchro Output J1-49, 50 The output is a 3-wire Heading Synchro
11.8 VRMS/400 Hz output that is cable of driving three 220
Heading 2 (X) +j450 ohms loads. This synchro output
with full synchro load draws an additional
85 mA (maximum at 27.5 VDC) from the
28 VDC input.
49 3-wire Synchro Output J1-48, 50 The output is a 3-wire Heading Synchro
11.8 VRMS/400 Hz output that is cable of driving three 220
Heading 2 (Y) +j450 ohms loads. This synchro output
with full synchro load draws an additional
85 mA (maximum at 27.5 VDC) from the
28 VDC input.
50 Ground
Heading 2 (Z) Ground
51 2-wire Analog DC (H) J1-52 The normal acceleration output provides a
Analog Normal Acceleration selectable scale factor of 2.5/1.5 VDC/g
proportional to normal acceleration. The
range is 0 to ±10 VDC (i.e. ±4.00 g). The
null stability is ±100 mVDC. A positive
output indicates upward acceleration.
52 2-wire Analog DC (L) J1-51 The normal acceleration output provides a
Analog Normal Acceleration selectable scale factor of 2.5/1.5 VDC/g
proportional to normal acceleration. The
range is 0 to ±10 VDC (i.e. ±4.00 g). The
null stability is ±100 mVDC. A positive
output indicates upward acceleration.
53 Ground
54 RS-422 RX 2 (L) J1-55
55 RS-422 RX 2 (H) J1-54
56 ARINC 429 RX 1 (A) J1-57
57 ARINC 429 RX 1 (B) J1-56
58 ARINC 429 RX 2 (A) J1-70
59 Configuration Module (Data) J1-66
60 NC
61 Configuration Module (Power) J1-66
62 Configuration Module (Clock) J1-66
63 Ground/Open Discrete Input 5 - Air Gnd = Analog Air Data Valid
Data Valid Open = Analog Air Data Invalid
64 Ground/Open Discrete Input 3 (Slew Right) => (Gnd = Slew
Right; Open = Inactive
Page 310
34-20-30 7 December 2015

Referenc
e To
65 Ground/Open Discrete Input 1 Gnd = On Ground
Open = In Air
66 Configuration Module (Ground)
67 28V/Open Discrete Input 1 28V = Self-Test Active
Open = Inactive
68 Ground/Open Discrete Input 4 (Slew Left )=> (Gnd = Slew Left;
Open = Inactive)
69 Ground
70 ARINC 429 RX 2 (B) J1-58
73 28 VDC/Open Discrete Output 2 28 VDC = Valid
Heading #1 Open = Invalid
74 28 VDC/Open Discrete Output 4 28 VDC = Basic Mode Operation
Basic Mode Annunciation Open = Normal Mode Operation
75 28 VDC/Open Discrete Output 6 28 VDC = Roll > 6.25 degrees
6 Degree Roll Annunciation Open = Roll < 5.75 degrees
Roll between 5.75 and 6.25 =No change in
output
76 Ground
77 26 VAC 400 Hz Synchro Input (L) – J1-78 Minimum voltage between 26 VAC
Heading 1 Ref Heading #1 Reference (H) and (L) is 14.6
VAC (0.1 VA).
78 26 VAC 400 Hz Synchro Input (H) – J1-77 Minimum voltage between 26 VAC
VAC (0.1 VA).
79 26 VAC 400 Hz Synchro Input (L) – J1-91 Minimum voltage between 26 VAC
VAC (0.1 VA).
80 Gnd/Open Discrete Input 2 (D.G Mode select ) =>
(Gnd = DG Mode;
Open = Magnetic Mode)
81 ARINC 429 RX 3 (A) J1-92
82 2-wire Analog DC (L) – Analog Air J1-83 2-wire analog pressure Altitude (PA) input
Data Pressure Altitude Input with the following characteristics: 0.75VDC
represents 0 feet and 0.20 mVDC/foot
proportional to the aircraft altitude.
Allowable Voltage range -0.12 to +10.75
VDC (i.e. -4350 to 50,000 feet)
83 2-wire Analog DC (H) – Analog Air J1-82 2-wire analog pressure Altitude (PA) input
Data Pressure Altitude Input with the following characteristics: 0.75VDC
represents 0 feet and 0.20 mVDC/foot
proportional to the aircraft altitude.
Allowable Voltage range -0.12 to +10.75
VDC (i.e. -4350 to 50,000 feet)
Page 311
34-20-30 7 December 2015

Reference
To
84 2-wire Analog DC (H) – Analog J1-85 2-wire analog indicated airspeed (IAS)
Indicated Airspeed Input input with the following characteristics:
11.11 mVDC/knot proportional to the IAS
magnitude. Allowable voltage range 0 to
+10 VDC (i.e. 0 to 900 knots)
85 2-wire Analog DC (L) – Analog J1-84 2-wire analog indicated airspeed (IAS)
Indicated Airspeed Input input with the following characteristics:
11.11 mVDC/knot proportional to the IAS
magnitude. Allowable voltage range 0 to
+10 VDC (i.e. 0 to 900 knots)
88 Ground – Pitch 2 (Z) Grounded
89 3-wire Synchro Output J1-88, 101 The output is 3-wire Pitch Synchro Output
11.8 VRMS/400 Hz that is capable of driving three 220 + j450
Pitch 2 (Y) ohms loads. 3 x (220 + j450 ohms). This
Synchro Output with full synchro load
draws an additional 65mA (Maximum at
+27.5 VDC) from the +28 VDC input
90 3-wire Synchro Output J1-111, The output is 3-wire Roll Synchro Output
11.8 VRMS/400 Hz 120 that is capable of driving three 220 + j450
Roll 2 (X) ohms loads. 3 x (220 + j450 ohms). This
91 26 VAC 400 Hz Synchro Input (H) – J1-79 Minimum voltage between 26 VAC
Heading 2 Reference Heading #2 Reference (H) and (L) is 14.6
VAC (0.1 VA)
92 ARINC 429 RX 3 (B) J1-81
93 NC
94 3-wire Synchro Output J1-95, 106 The output is 3-wire Heading Synchro
11.8 VRMS/400 Hz Output that is capable of driving three 220
Heading 1 (Y) + j450 ohms loads. 3 x (220 + j450 ohms).
This Synchro Output with full synchro load
95 Ground – Heading 1 (Z) Grounded
96 2-wire Differential Analog DC (H) – J1-97 The roll rate output provides a scale factor
Analog Roll Rate of 200 mVDC/degree/second proportional
to body roll rate. The range is 0 to ±10
VDC (i.e.; ±50 degrees/second). The
output is capable of driving two (2) 10
kohm loads.
Page 312
34-20-30 7 December 2015

Reference
To
97 2-wire Differential Analog DC (L) – J1-96 The roll rate output provides a scale factor
Analog Roll Rate of 200 mVDC/degree/second proportional
to body roll rate. The range is 0 to ±10
VDC (i.e.; ±50 degrees/second). The
output is capable of driving two (2) 10
kohm loads.
98 2-wire Synchro Output (X) – Roll J1-99 The output is a 2-wire synchro output of
characteristics:
Positive Direction: right wing down
99 2-wire Synchro Output (Y) – Roll J1-98 The output is a 2-wire synchro output of
ARINC 407 and 407-1output
characteristics:
Positive Direction: right wing down
100 Ground – Pitch 1 (Z) Grounded
Pitch 2 (X) + j450 ohms loads. 3 x (220 + j450 ohms).
102 Ground
103 Air Data Manchester RX (L) J1-114
104 NC
105 Ground
Heading 1 (X) + j450 ohms loads. 3 x (220 + j450 ohms).
107 Ground – Roll 1 (Z) Grounded
Page 313
34-20-30 7 December 2015

Reference
To
108 3-wire Synchro Output J1-107, The output is 3-wire Roll Synchro Output
Roll 1 (Y) ohms loads. 3 x (220 + j450 ohms). This
109 2-wire Analog DC (H) – Analog J1-117 The Lateral Acceleration Output provides a
Lateral Acceleration scale factor of 19.32 VDC/g proportional to
the lateral acceleration. The range is 0 to ±
10 VDC (i.e., ±0.5176g). The null stability
is ±100 mVDC. A positive output indicates
acceleration through the right wing.
110 3-wire Synchro Output J1-119, The output is 3-wire Pitch Synchro Output
Pitch 1 (Y) ohms loads. 3 x (220 + j450 ohms). This
111 3-wire Synchro Output J1-90, 120 The output is 3-wire Roll Synchro Output
Roll 2 (Y) ohms loads. 3 x (220 + j450 ohms). This
112 26 VAC 400 Hz Synchro Input (L) – J1-113 Minimum voltage between 26 V AC
Altitude Ref Attitude reference (H) and (L) is 14.6 VAC
(0.1 VA).
113 26 VAC 400 Hz Synchro Input (H) – J1-112 Minimum voltage between 26 V AC
Altitude Ref Attitude reference (H) and (L) is 14.6 VAC
(0.1 VA).
114 Air Data Manchester RX (H) J1-103
115 +12 VDC Return MSU Power Return
116 3-wire Synchro Output (X) J-107, 108 The output is 3-wire Roll Synchro Output
Roll 1 (X) ohms loads. 3 x (220 + j450 ohms). This
117 2-wire Analog DC (L) – Analog J1-109 The Lateral Acceleration Output provides a
Lateral Acceleration scale factor of 19.32 VDC/g proportional to
the lateral acceleration. The range is 0 to ±
10 VDC (i.e., ±0.5176g). The null stability
is ±100 mVDC. A positive output indicates
acceleration through the right wing.
Page 314
34-20-30 7 December 2015

Reference
To
118 Ground (Reserved for MSU) MSU RS-485 Return
119 3-wire Synchro Output J1-100, The output is a 3-wire Pitch Synchro output
Pitch 1 (X) ohms loads. 3 x (220 + j450 ohms). This
120 Ground – Roll 2 (Z) Grounded
121 NC
122 +12 VDC Power J-115 MSU Power Input
123 RS-485 RX/TX (AY) J-124 MSU Connection
124 RS-485 RX/TX (BZ) J123 MSU Connection
125 Gnd/Open GND = AHRS ALIGN Active
Open = AHRS ALIGN Inactive
126 NC
127 NC
128 NC
Page 315
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(2) Connector J2
Pin Function Description
1 NC
2 RS-232 Maintenance Port (Output) Maintenance Port Transmit
3 RS-232 Maintenance Port (Input) Maintenance Port Receive
4 RS-232 Maintenance Port (Input) System Reset
5 Ground Maintenance Port Ground
6 NC
7 RS-232 Maintenance Port (Input) System Programming
8 NC
9 NC
NOTE: Provisions should be made for access to this maintenance port for compass
calibration. If engines need to be run to accomplish calibration, then a cable will
be needed in the cabin for communication with a computer. This could be run
through a window or a maintenance connector could be installed in a convenient
location.

The MSU has a cable and six pin connector with a total length of 17.3” ± 0.3”. The
interconnecting cable should consist of three #22 gauge twisted, shielded pairs. The
minimum allowable bend radius for the cable is 2.3” (minor axis).
NOTE: There is no reverse or short circuit power protection on the MSU. Failure
to connect the device as defined in the table above will result in damage to
the MSU the host AHS-525 supplying power to the MSU, or both.
The shielded cable can be extended to a maximum distance of 100 ft.
Function Description
Pin Signal (RS485 Mode) Connection
A RS-485 TX/RX (A) To RS485 TX/RX (A)

B Primary Power Input (Negative) Power Supply Ground
C NC
D NC
E RS-485 TX/RX (B) To RS485 TX.RX (B)
F Primary Power Input (Positive) Power Supply 9-12 VDC (Nominal)
Page 316
34-20-30 7 December 2015
4. AHRS Wiring Diagrams
The following wiring diagrams represent the basic AHRS wiring, including ARINC,
discrete, analog and other inputs and outputs.
Wiring diagrams apply to AHRS unless otherwise noted on the wiring diagram.
The information, drawings and wiring diagrams contained in this manual are intended as a
do not represent any specific STC or Form 337 aircraft installation. It is the installer’s
responsibility to compose installation drawings specific to the aircraft. This manual and the
drawings contained herein may not be used as a substitute for an STC or Form 337 drawing
package.
Page 317
34-20-30 7 December 2015
A. AHRS
(1) Installation Wiring
RS-232 TX
RS-232 RX
Page 318
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(2) ARINC 429 Installation Wiring
AHRU
5250-XXX-XX J1
A 56
ARINC 429 RX 1
B 57
A 58
ARINC 429 RX 2
B 70
A 81
ARINC 429 RX 3
B 92
A 21
ARINC 429 TX 1
B 32
A 22
ARINC 429 TX 2
B 23
A 43
ARINC 429 TX 3
B 42
A 46
ARINC 429 TX 4
B 34
NOTES:
1. ALL WIRING TO BE 22 A.W.G. UNLESS OTHERWISE INDICATED.
CAUTION: IT IS THE INSTALLER'S RESPONSIBILITY TO VERIFY PIN NUMBERS ON EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURED BY OTHER THAN UNIVERSAL AVIONICS
SYSTEMS CORPORATION.
Page 319
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(3) 3-Wire Synchro Installation Wiring
AHRU
5250-XXX-XX J1
H 78
HEADING SYNCHRO 1 26 VAC REFERNCE POWER
REFERENCE
L 77
A 91
HEADING SYNCHRO 2 26 VAC REFERNCE POWER
REFERENCE
B 79
A 113
ATTITUDE SYNCHRO 26 VAC REFERNCE POWER
REFERENCE 112
B
X 106
HEADING 1 Y 94
3-WIRE SYNCHRO
Z 95
X 48
HEADING 2 Y 49
3-WIRE SYNCHRO
Z 50
X 119
PITCH 1 Y 110
3-WIRE SYNCHRO
Z 100
X 101
PITCH 2 Y 89
3-WIRE SYNCHRO
Z 88
X 116
ROLL 1 Y 108
3-WIRE SYNCHRO
Z 107
X 90
ROLL 2 Y 111
3-WIRE SYNCHRO
Z 120
NOTES:
1. ALL WIRING TO BE 22 A.W.G. UNLESS OTHERWISE INDICATED.

CAUTION: IT IS THE INSTALLER'S RESPONSIBILITY TO VERIFY PIN NUMBERS ON EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURED BY OTHER THAN UNIVERSAL AVIONICS
SYSTEMS CORPORATION.
Page 320
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(4) 2-Wire Synchro Installation Wiring
WEATHER RADAR X
ROLL RATE
2-WIRE SYNCHRO Y
WEATHER RADAR X
PITCH RATE
2-WIRE SYNCHRO Y
ANALOG ROLL RATE

2-WIRE SYNCHRO
ANALOG PITCH RATE

2-WIRE SYNCHRO
ANALOG YAW RATE

2-WIRE SYNCHRO
ANALOG
NORMAL ACCELERATION
2-WIRE DC
ANALOG LATERAL
ACCELERATION
2-WIRE DC
PRESSURE ALTITUDE
ANALOG AIR DATA
2-WIRE DC
ANALOG IAS
2-WIRE DC
PITCH X 26
2-WIRE SYNCHRO
Y 16
ROLL X 98
2-WIRE SYNCHRO
Y 99
Page 321
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(5) Input Discretes Installation Wiring
HEADING MODE 3
SLEW RIGHT 3
SLEW LEFT 3
AHRS ALIGN FOR DG MODE
SELF TEST 3
WITHOUT DG MODE, USED ONLY WITH CONTROL PANEL.
3 WITH DG MODE, USED ONLY WITH CONTROL PANEL.
Page 322
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(6) Output Discretes Installation Wiring
OPEN = NOT INITIALIZING

28V = INITIALIZING
Page 323
34-20-30 7 December 2015
System Data Installation

1. AHRU Configuration Features
The AHRU uses a configuration module (AHCM) that permits it to support various aircraft
configurations. The AHCM is programmed by the AHRU through commands entered on the
RS-232 maintenance port. The AHRU reads the contents of the AHRU NVRAM and AHCM
at power-up and maps the I/O and user preferences in accordance with the programmed data.
If the contents of the AHRU NVRAM are invalid and the contents of the configuration
module are valid, the AHRU will use the contents of the configuration module. However, if
the contents of the configuration module are invalid and the contents of the AHRU NVRAM
are valid, the AHRU will use the contents of the AHRU NVRAM. The AHCM LED will
indicate these two anomalies by illuminating in amber.
If both AHRU NVRAM and the AHCM are invalid, the configuration is treated as invalid. In
the event of an invalid configuration, the AHRU will invalidate other output parameters. In
either case, more evaluation will be required to determine the cause of the invalid
configuration, thus the AHCM and AHRU LEDs will indicate amber.
The AHRU configuration data contained within the configuration module include the
following:
 AHRU identification data (i.e., AHRU Source Destination Identifier (SDI))
 AHRU mounting axis orientation (left, right, aft, forward)
 Lever Arm lengths
 ARINC 429 receive ports
 ARINC 429 ADC Passthrough enable/disable
 ADC source
 3-wire synchro Enable/Disable (per synchro)
 2-wire synchro
 Yaw scale factor
 Normal Acceleration Scale Factor
Attitude and Heading Reference Units with the same part number will be interchangeable
without realignment or reconfiguration provided the installed orientation remains the same
and the configuration data contained within the configuration module remains unchanged. In
the event an AHRU is exchanged, the AHRU NVRAM (internal memory) will be
automatically updated with the configuration in the AHCM, provided it is valid.
READCFG is the command used to read the AHRU configuration data, if valid, saved in the
AHCM. If not valid, the configuration data will be read from the AHRU NVRAM.
READCFG can be used during an editing session to revert to the last saved configuration. It is
not necessary to use this command to begin modifying the configuration; the current
configuration will be loaded at power-up.
Page 401
34-20-30 7 December 2015
2. AHRU Configuration Worksheets
Universal Avionics Systems Corporation recommends using the following worksheets in
order to assist in programming the configuration module. Fill in the blanks and check the
appropriate boxes based on the wiring of the aircraft and its set of avionics components.
Further, these worksheets may be submitted along with other approval paperwork. A copy of
these worksheets should be filed along with the aircraft paperwork for future reference.
NOTE: Reproduction of these worksheets as well as the configuration module
programming procedures if desired is authorized.
A. Identification Data
Date: _______________________________________________________
Company Address: _______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
A/C Manufacturer: _______________________________________________________
A/C Model No.: _______________________________________________________
A/C Serial No.: _______________________________________________________
A/C Registration No.: _______________________________________________________
Page 402
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(1) System Identification
The AHRU supports three (3) system identification number options.
NOTE: The default state of the system number is AHRU #1.
 1 - AHRU #1  2 - AHRU #2  3- AHRU #2
(2) ARINC 429 Receive Ports

Select applicable port.
 1 – A429 RX1  2 – A429 RX2  3 – A429 RX3
(J1-56(H)/J1-57(L)) (J1-58(H)/J1-70(L)) (J1-81(H)/J1-92(L))
Select applicable Input.

NOTE: If two (2) or more systems are selected for the same ARINC 429 Receive
port, “Config Error” is displayed. Reselect the ARINC Receive port and
enter the correct system input option.
NOTE: The default configuration of the ARINC 429 Receive ports is the following:
ARINC 429 RX1 = ADC
ARINC 429 RX2 = Not Connected
ARINC 429 RX3 = Not Connected
NOTE: At the present time UASC EFIS displays do not support control functions
for the AHRS. Contact UASC Technical Support for further information
regarding changes to this functionality.
1 – A429 RX1 2 – A429 RX2 3 – A429 RX3

 1 - Air Data Computer  1 - Air Data Computer  1 - Air Data Computer
Input Input Input
 2 - Primary EFIS  2 - Primary EFIS  2 - Primary EFIS
Command Input Command Input Command Input
 3 - Secondary EFIS  3 - Secondary EFIS  3 - Secondary EFIS
Command Input Command Input Command Input
 4 - No Configured Input  4 - No Configured Input  4 - No Configured Input
Page 403
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(3) AHRU Mounting Axis Configuration
The Attitude and Heading Reference Unit has four mounting axis configuration
options. The AHRU mounting orientation can be configured to the following:
Plug Aft: the connector of the AHRU is facing towards the rear of the aircraft
Plug Forward: the connector of the AHRU is facing towards the front of the aircraft
Plug Left: the connector of the AHRU is facing towards the left wing of the aircraft
Plug Right: the connector of the AHRU is facing towards the right wing of the aircraft
 1 – Plug Aft  2 – Plug Forward  3 – Plug Left  4 – Plug Right
(4) Air Data Computer (ADC) Source Selection

Select applicable ADC Source.
NOTE: The ADC source default is ARINC 429 Based ADC.
 1 – ARINC 429 Based ADC NOTE: Configure corresponding A429 RX port
 2 – Analog ADC Type A
 3 – Analog ADC Type B
 4 – Manchester ADC
(5) 3-wire Synchro Enabling/Disabling

The following 3-wire Synchros are displayed.
NOTE: The default state of the 3-wire synchros is “Disabled”.
 1 – Synchro Output 1: Heading #1  Disabled  Enabled
(J1-106 (X), J1-94 (Y), J1-95 (Z))
 2 – Synchro Output 2: Heading #2  Disabled  Enabled
(J1-48 (X), J1-49 (Y), J1-50 (Z))
 3 – Synchro Output 3: Pitch #1  Disabled  Enabled
(J1-119 (X), J1-110 (Y), J1-100 (Z))
 4 – Synchro Output 4: Pitch #2  Disabled  Enabled
(J1-101 (X), J1-89 (Y), J1-88 (Z))
 5 – Synchro Output 5: Roll #1  Disabled  Enabled
(J1-116 (X), J1-108 (Y), J1-107 (Z))
 6 – Synchro Output 6: Roll #2  Disabled  Enabled
(J1-90 (X), J1-111 (Y), J1-120 (Z))
Page 404
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(6) 2-Wire Synchro Configuration
Each 2-wire synchro can be configured for a specific hardware installation. The
installer can choose to output both X and Y legs or just a single leg.
NOTE: The default state for all synchros is option 1, Output X + Y.
1 – SYNCHRO 1, Output X + Y 1-X+Y  2 - X only  3 - Y only
(WXR pitch, 50 mv/deg) (J1-29 H/J1-28 L) (J1-29 H) (J1-28 H)
(WXR roll, 50 mv/deg) (J1-36 H/J1-25 L) (J1-36 H) (J1-25 H)
(pitch, 200 mv/deg) (J1-26 H/J1-16 L) (J1-26 H) (J1-16 H)
(roll, 200 mv/deg) (J1-98 H/J1-99 L) (J1-98 H) (J1-99 H)
(7) Analog Yaw Rate Scale Factor Selection

The AHRU supports four (4) analog yaw rate scale factor configuration options.
NOTE: The default state of the yaw rate scale factor is 200 mVDC/deg/s (Yaw Rate
Output Range: ±20 deg/s)
 1 – 100 mVDC/deg/s (Yaw Rate Output Range: ±40 deg/s)
(8) Analog Normal Acceleration Scale Factor Selection

The AHRU supports two (2) analog normal acceleration scale factor configuration
options:
NOTE: The default state of the Normal Acceleration scale factor is 1.5 VDC/g
(Normal Acceleration Output Range: ±6.66 g).
 1 – 1.5 VDC/g (Normal Acceleration Output Range: ±6.66 g)
 2 – 2.5 VDC/g (Normal Acceleration Output Range: ±4 g)
(9) ADC Passthrough Option Selection

The AHRU supports a configuration option to receive and re-transmit parameters via
ARINC 429 ports to emulate an ADAHRS output:
NOTE: The default state of the ADC Pass Through is “Disabled”.
 1 – ADC Passthrough ENABLE
 2 – ADC Passthrough DISABLE
Page 405
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(10) Lever Arm Lengths Entry
The lever arm lengths in the X, Y and Z axes are the distances from the aircraft center
of gravity (CG) to the AHRU installation. The positive sense for X, Y and Z axis is
forward, right, and down (respectively).
Enter AHRS X-axis offset from the center of gravity of the aircraft to the top of the
mounting screw under the LEDs. (+) = forward from CG, (-) = aft from CG.
X-Axis Offset _____________ inches
Enter AHRS Y-axis offset from the center of gravity of the aircraft to the top of the
mounting screw under the LEDs. (+) = right of CG, (-) = left of CG.
Y-Axis Offset _____________ inches
Enter AHRS Z-axis offset from the center of gravity of the aircraft to the top of the
mounting screw under the LEDs. (+) = down from CG, (-) = up from CG.
Z-Axis Offset _____________ inches
Page 406
34-20-30 7 December 2015
3. RS-232 Maintenance Port Operations
The RS-232 maintenance port is used to obtain information about the AHRS and to configure
the AHRU. This method interfaces the configuration module through the RS-232 maintenance
port on the AHRU to a PC using a commercially available USB adapter.
NOTE: Configuration requires a PC with Microsoft Windows XP having a RS232
communication port or USB port (with a USB to serial adapter).
Windows Vista and later does not come with Hyperterm or any other terminal
emulator. A third party app (MHAT, TeraTerm) must be installed or copy the
necessary Hyperterminal files from a valid Win XP install disc.
Using a PC and terminal emulating software, the following commands can be entered by the
user:
Command Function
BI Displays Build Information (software control number, date, etc.)
ETI Displays elapsed time
TEMPS Displays high, low, and current temperatures
STATUS Displays current output parameters and hardware status
INPUTS Displays the status of the currently configured inputs
PRINTCFG Displays the current configuration including any pending configuration edits.
NOTE: Available at all menus.
DUMPFAULT Displays the fault log
DUMPEVENTS Displays the event log
MAGCAL Enter Magnetic Calibration Mode
CONFIG Enter the configuration menu after entering password
SELFTEST Enter Self-Test Mode for 60 seconds
HELP / ? Displays the list of commands. Note: Available at all menus.
The MAGCAL, CONFIG, INPUTS, and SELFTEST commands are only available when the
aircraft is on the ground. All other commands may be entered whether on the ground or in the
air.
To configure the AHRU, the installer has to connect a terminal (PC with HyperTerminal or
equivalent) to the RS-232 maintenance port.
HyperTerminal Settings: Baud 115,200
Bit 8
Parity None
Stop Bits 1
Flow Control None
Page 407
34-20-30 7 December 2015
When correctly connected and configured to an operating AHRU, pressing the ENTER key
or clicking OK while in HyperTerminal will display “AHRS>” command prompt.
Page 408
34-20-30 7 December 2015
4. AHRU Configuration
To begin configuration, enter the command “CONFIG” at the command prompt. Once the
command is entered, the AHRU will prompt the installer to enter a password. Enter "741776"
and press ENTER. Once the correct password has been entered, the AHRU will allow access
to the following configuration menu:
NOTE: The command menu can be displayed at any time by entering “HELP” or “?”.
NOTE: To access the configuration menu, the Weight On Wheels (WOW) discrete must
indicate On-Ground and the CONFIG password must be entered.
Command Function
SYSTEM Set System Number
MOUNTING Configure the Mounting Orientation
A429RX Configure ARINC-429 Receive Port
SYNCHRO Enable/Disable 3-wire Synchros
2WSYNCHRO Configure the 2-wire Synchros
SELECTADC Select ADC Source
SELECTYSF Set Yaw Rate Scale Factor
SELECTNSF Set Normal Acceleration Scale Factor
ADCPASSTHROUGH Set ARINC-429 ADC Passthrough
LEVERARM Enter the X, Y and Z axis lever arm lengths (in inches)
WRITECFG Write Configuration to the ACHM
CLRINTCFG Clears the configuration data in the NVRAM
READCFG Reads the configuration data saved in the AHCM
PRINTCFG Display currently loaded configuration
EXIT Exit configuration editing
Page 409
34-20-30 7 December 2015
Page 410
34-20-30 7 December 2015
A. AHRU System Configuration
The AHRU supports three (3) system identification number options.
NOTE: The default state of the system number is AHRU #1.
(1) To configure the AHRU System, enter the following command at the command
prompt: “SYSTEM” and press ENTER. . The following System Numbers are
displayed:
1 - AHRU #1
2 - AHRU #2
3 - AHRU #3
(2) Select the System Number to configure by entering 1, 2 or 3 at the command prompt
and press ENTER.
Page 411
34-20-30 7 December 2015
B. ARINC 429 Receive Ports Configuration
NOTE: The default configuration of the ARINC 429 Receive ports is the following:
ARINC 429 RX1 = ADC
ARINC 429 RX2 = No configured input
ARINC 429 RX3 = No configured input
NOTE: At the present time UASC EFIS displays do not support control functions
for the AHRS. Contact UASC Technical Support for further information
regarding changes to this functionality.
(1) To configure the ARINC 429 Receive ports, enter the following command at the
command prompt: “A429RX” and press ENTER. The following ARINC 429 Receive
ports are displayed:
1 - A429 RX1 (J1-56(H), J1-57(L))
2 - A429 RX2 (J1-58(H), J1-70(L))
3 - A429 RX3 (J1-81(H), J1-92(L))
(2) Select the ARINC RX port to configure by entering 1, 2, or 3 at the command prompt
and press ENTER.
The AHRU will then provide the following system input options:
1 - Air Data Computer Input
2 - Primary EFIS Command Input
3 - Secondary EFIS Command Input
4 - No configured input
(3) Enter 1, 2, 3, or 4 to select a system for the port and press ENTER.
Enter the next ARINC 429 port to configure or enter "EXIT" to return to the configuration
menu.
NOTE: If two (2) or more systems are selected for the same ARINC 429 Receive
port, “Config Error” is displayed. Reselect the ARINC Receive port and
enter the correct system input option.
NOTE: A config error will also be displayed if a Secondary EFIS is configured
without a Primary EFIS or a receive port is configured for ADC, but a A429
based ADC is not configured.
Page 412
34-20-30 7 December 2015
Page 413
34-20-30 7 December 2015
C. AHRU Mounting Axis Configuration
The Attitude and Heading Reference Unit has four mounting axis configuration options. The
AHRU mounting orientation can be configured to the following:
Plug Aft: the connector side of the AHRU is facing towards the back of the aircraft
Plug Forward: the connector side of the AHRU is facing towards the front of the aircraft
Plug Left: the connector side of the AHRU is facing towards the left wing of the aircraft
Plug Right: the connector side of the AHRU is facing towards the right wing of the aircraft
(1) To configure the AHRU Mounting Axis, enter the following command at the
command prompt: “MOUNTING” and press ENTER. The following Mounting Axis
options are displayed:
1 - Plug Aft
2 - Plug Forward
3 - Plug Left
4 - Plug Right
(2) Select the Mounting Axis to configure by entering 1, 2, 3 or 4 at the command prompt
and press ENTER.
NOTE: For example, if the command “1” is entered, the AHRU will provide a
feedback stating "Mounting set to PLUG AFT".
NOTE: Once the AHRU is installed, configured, and aligned for a specific location
and orientation, the operator should not change the location or orientation
of the AHRU. If the AHRU is removed for maintenance purposes, it should
be re-installed in the same orientation as prior to removal. Removal and
reinstallation of the AHRU to the same location and orientation does not
require reconfiguration of the AHRU or recalibration of the MSU.
Page 414
34-20-30 7 December 2015
PLUG FORWARD
PLUG AFT
PLUG LEFT
PLUG RIGHT
Page 415
34-20-30 7 December 2015
Page 416
34-20-30 7 December 2015
D. Air Data Computer (ADC) Source Selection
The AHRU can receive ADC parameters from either an analog ADC or digital ADC. Digital
ADC parameters (TAS and IAS) can be received by the AHRU via the ARINC 429 port or the
Manchester Encoded Serial port. The AHRU can also receive analog ADC parameters
(Pressure Altitude and Indicated Airspeed) via Analog DC interface from analog ADC Type
A or analog ADC Type B to calculate TAS.
Analog ADC Type A
Pressure Altitude 0.12 mVDC/ft -0.12 – 10.75 VDC -1000 – 89,583 ft
Indicated Airspeed 20 mVDC/kts 0 – 10 VDC 0 – 500 kts
Analog ADC Type B

Pressure Altitude 0.75 VDC/ft ±0.2 -0.12 – 10.75 VDC -4350 – 50000 ft
mVDC/ft
Indicated Airspeed 11.11 mVDC/kt 0 – 10 VDC 0 – 900 kts
(1) To configure the ADC Source enter the command “SELECTADC” and press
ENTER. The following 2-wire Synchros are displayed.
1 - ARINC-429 Based ADC - Note: Must configure corresponding A429RX port
2 - Analog ADC Type A
3 - Analog ADC Type B
4 - Manchester TAS input
(2) Enter 1, 2, 3, or 4 at the command prompt to select the ADC to configure and press
ENTER.
NOTE: Even if able to select “ARINC 429 Based ADC”, a configuration error
warning will be triggered until one of the ARINC 429 receive ports is
configured to receive ADC input.
NOTE: The ADC source default is ARINC 429 Based ADC.
NOTE: ADC data input (TAS) is required for the AHRS to meet its optimum
performance specified in Equipment Specifications section of this manual.
If no ADC is connected (i.e., TAS is not received), the AHRS will operate
in a degraded mode and will meet the performance specified in the
Equipment Specifications section of this manual.
(3) Once the ADC is selected, the Command Prompt returns to the Configuration Menu.
Page 417
34-20-30 7 December 2015
Page 418
34-20-30 7 December 2015
E. 3-wire Synchro Enabling/Disabling
The AHRU supports six (6) 3-wire Synchros.
(1) To enable or disable the synchro output(s), enter the command “SYNCHRO” and
press ENTER. The following 3-wire Synchros are displayed. The default state of the
3-wire synchros is “Disabled”.
1 - Disabled - Synchro Output 1: Heading #1 (J1-106 (X), J1-94 (Y), J1-95 (Z)) - 3-Wire
2 - Disabled - Synchro Output 2: Heading #2 (J1-48 (X), J1-49 (Y), J1-50 (Z)) - 3-Wire
3 - Disabled - Synchro Output 3: Pitch #1 (J1-119 (X), J1-110 (Y), J1-100 (Z)) - 3-Wire
4 - Disabled - Synchro Output 4: Pitch #2 (J1-101 (X), J1-89 (Y), J1-88 (Z)) - 3-Wire
5 - Disabled - Synchro Output 5: Roll #1 (J1-116 (X), J1-108 (Y), J1-107 (Z)) - 3-Wire
6 - Disabled - Synchro Output 6: Roll #2 (J1-90 (X), J1-111 (Y), J1-120 (Z)) - 3-Wire
(2) Enter 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 at the command prompt to enable or disable the synchro and press
ENTER.
(3) Enter the next Synchro to Enable or Disable, enter "EXIT" to return to the configuration
menu.
Page 419
34-20-30 7 December 2015
F. 2-wire Synchro Configuration
Each 2-wire synchro can be configured for a specific hardware installation. The installer can
choose to output both X and Y legs or just a single leg.
(1) To configure the synchro output(s), enter the command “2WSYNCHRO” and press
ENTER. The following 2-wire Synchros are displayed.
1 - SYNCHRO 1, Output X + Y (WXR pitch, 50 mv/deg)
2 - SYNCHRO 2, Output X + Y (WXR roll, 50 mv/deg)
3 - SYNCHRO 3, Output X + Y (pitch, 200 mv/deg)
4 - SYNCHRO 4, Output X + Y (roll, 200 mv/deg)
(2) Enter 1, 2, 3 or 4 at the command prompt to select the synchro to configure and press
ENTER.
Based on which synchro is chosen, the following will be listed as options:
NOTE: The default state for all synchros is option 1, Output X + Y.
Choice “1”
SYNCHRO 1 (WXR pitch, 50 mv/deg)
1 – Ouput X + Y (pins J1-29 H and J1-28 L)
2 – Output X only (on pin J1-29 H)
3 – Output Y only (on pin J1-28 L)
Choice “2”
SYNCHRO 2 (WXR roll, 50 mv/deg)
1 – Output X + Y (pins J1-36 H and J1-25 L)
2 – Output X only (on pin J1-36 H)
3 – Output Y only (on pin J1-25 L)
Choice “3”
SYNCHRO 3 (pitch, 200 mv/deg)
1 – Output X + Y (pins J1-26 and J1-16)
2 – Output X only (on pin J1-26)
3 – Output Y only (on pin J1-16)
Choice “4”
SYNCHRO 4 (roll, 200 mv/deg)
1 – Output X + Y (pins J1-98 and J1-99)
2 – Output X only (on pin J1-98)
3 – Output Y only (on pin J1-99)
For all choices, enter 1, 2, or 3 based on the aircraft installation at the command prompt
and press ENTER. Once completed, the four synchro choices will again be displayed
with the newly configured option updated as in the example below:
4 – SYNCHRO 4, Output Y only (roll, 200 mv/deg)
Page 420
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(3) Repeat the process to configure another synchro. Enter "EXIT" to return to the
configuration menu.
Page 421
34-20-30 7 December 2015
G. Analog Yaw Rate Scale Factor Selection
The AHRU supports four (4) analog yaw rate scale factor configuration options.
NOTE: The default state of the yaw rate scale factor is 200 mVDC/deg/s (Yaw Rate Output
Range: ±20 deg/s)
(1) To configure the Analog Yaw Rate DC Output Scale enter the command
“SELECTYSF” and press ENTER. The following selections are displayed.
1 100 mVDC/deg/s (Yaw Rate Output Range: 40 deg/s)
(2) Enter 1, 2, 3, or 4 at the command prompt to select the yaw rate scale factor and press
ENTER. Once the command has been entered, the AHRU will list the selected yaw
rate scale factor.
Page 422
34-20-30 7 December 2015
H. Analog Normal Acceleration Scale Factor Selection
The AHRU supports two (2) analog normal acceleration scale factor configuration options as
listed below:
NOTE: The default state of the Normal Acceleration scale factor is 1.5 VDC/g (Normal
Acceleration Output Range: 6.66 g).
(1) To configure the Analog Normal acceleration DC Output Scale enter the command
“SELECTNSF” and press ENTER. The following selections are displayed.
1 1.5 VDC/g (Normal Acceleration Output Range: 6.66 g)
2 2.5 VDC/g (Normal Acceleration Output Range: 4 g)
(2) Enter 1 or 2 at the command prompt to select the normal acceleration scale factor and
press ENTER. Once the command has been entered, the AHRU will list the selected
normal acceleration scale factor.
Page 423
34-20-30 7 December 2015
I. Air Data Parameters – Passthrough
The AHRU supports a configuration option to receive and re-transmit the following ADC
parameters via ARINC 429 ports to emulate an ADAHRS output:
Label Parameter Label Parameter
102 Selected Altitude 204 Baro Altitude
103 Selected Airspeed 206 Computed Airspeed
104 Selected Vertical Speed 210 True Airspeed
106 Selected Mach 212 Altitude Rate
203 Pressure Altitude 213 Static Air Temperature
NOTE: The default state of the ADC Passthrough is “Disabled”.

(1) To enable or disable the ADC passthrough option, enter the command
“ADCPASSTHROUGH” and press ENTER. Once the command has been entered,
the AHRU will list the following options:
ADC Passthrough Mode:
1 - Enabled
2 - Disabled
(2) Enter 1 or 2 at the command prompt to select the desired configuration.
NOTE: For AHRU to be able to passthrough or transmit ADC parameters, one of
the AHRU ARINC 429 receive ports must be configured to receive ADC
parameters, and an ARINC 429 based ADC must be selected.
Page 424
34-20-30 7 December 2015
J. Lever Arm Lengths Entry
The lever arm lengths in the X, Y and Z axes are the distances from the aircraft center of
gravity (CG) to the AHRU installation. The positive sense for X, Y and Z axis is forward,
right, and down (respectively).
After the installation of the mounting plate and AHRU, the installer will measure and record
the lever arm lengths from the aircraft center of gravity to the top of the mounting screw
under the AHRU LEDs.
Once the measurement has been entered, the AHRU will prompt the installer to enter the next
axis lever arm length (in inches) in succession. The AHRU will display a confirmation
message after each entry.
(1) To enter the lever arm lengths, the installer will enter the command “LEVERARM”
and press ENTER.
(2) Enter AHRS X-axis offset from the center of gravity of the aircraft to the top of the
mounting screw under the LEDs. (+) = forward from CG, (-) = aft from CG.
(3) Enter AHRS Y-axis offset from the center of gravity of the aircraft to the top of the
mounting screw under the LEDs. (+) = right of CG, (-) = left of CG.
(4) Enter AHRS Z-axis offset from the center of gravity of the aircraft to the top of the
mounting screw under the LEDs. (+) = down from CG, (-) = up from CG.
Page 425
34-20-30 7 December 2015
K. Saving and Verifying Configuration
(1) Before saving (writing) the configuration it is advisable to enter the PRINTCFG
command and review all of the configuration options.
(2) To save the configuration to the AHCM and NVRAM, enter the command
"WRITECFG" at the prompt and press ENTER.
A confirmation message, either successful message or error message, will be
displayed.
(3) Cycle power to the AHRU.
(4) After the AHRU has restarted, the message "AHRU Initialization Complete" is
displayed.
(5) Verify the configuration by entering "PRINTCFG" and pressing ENTER. This will
display the configuration.
(6) If the configuration is not correct, repeat the configuration instructions for items to be
corrected. Repeat this section when complete.
Page 426
34-20-30 7 December 2015
5. Magnetic Sensing Unit Field Calibration
MSU Calibration is performed by towing or taxiing the aircraft around a compass rose and
aiming it in specific directions. All electrical equipment should be active during calibration.
If a serial port is available on the Windows computer, the USB converter should be removed
and the cable connected directly to the serial port.
If error messages are received, recheck all connections. All anti-spyware, anti-virus software,
encryption algorithms and other protection schemes must be deactivated for proper operation.
Close all other applications and disable screensaver. Failure to do so could cause
communication errors between your computer and the MSU. Typical error messages will be
“cannot establish communication with the MSU”, “CRC errors in data”, or “noisy
environment”.
If there are multiple MSU systems installed in the aircraft, up to three systems can be
calibrated simultaneously. This requires multiple serial or USB ports on the computer to be
used for calibration.
A. Hardware Requirements
The calibration software requires a PC with Microsoft® Windows® having an RS-232
communication port or USB port (with a USB to serial adapter).
B. Software and Driver Installation
The first step is to install any necessary drivers on the computer to be used for field
calibration. Then install the MSU calibration software. For driver and software
installation, please follow these steps:
(1) Close all other applications.
(2) If a USB to serial converter is being used, plug in the USB into the field
calibration computer. If the computer prompts for the USB driver, ensure
driver is installed properly before continuing.
(3) Uninstall all previous tool versions. Then install the MSU Field Calibration
Software from the software CD or flash drive by executing the setup file in
\UASC_MSU_Field_Calibration_Tool_V1.0 directory.
(4) Follow the installation wizard to complete the installation and restart the
computer when it prompts for a restart.
(5) The field calibration can be started by navigating through the Start Menu on
the Task Bar as follows: StartAll ProgramsUASC MSU Field
Calibration Tool  MSU Field Calibration Tool.
Page 427
34-20-30 7 December 2015
C. MSU Field Calibration Procedures
(1) Connect the AHRU to an AHR150A-2 MSU with software version 1.10 or
previous version. Then connect the AHRU/MSU pair to a Windows computer
with the required cable to calibrate the MSU.
(2) Apply power to the AHRU and allow unit to initialize without movement.
(3) Command the AHRU into magnetic calibration mode through HyperTerminal.
(a) A window will open prompting a name to be entered. Type any letter in
this box and select OK.
(b) In the following window, select the correct COM port for the
AHRU/MSU pair and click OK.
Page 428
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(c) In the following window, select the correct COM port for the AHRU/MSU pair
and click OK .The configuration settings shown below should be selected in
the next window. Be sure to click Apply before proceeding. Click OK.
(d) The bottom right of the main HyperTerminal screen should read
“Connected” followed by a timer. If this is not the case, check the
connection of both the AHRU and the MSU.
(e) In the main field, type MAGCAL, as shown below, and hit the ENTER key.
If the AHRU is properly communicating, a stream of symbols will appear in
this window. Close HyperTerminal and do not save when prompted.
Page 429
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(4) Click StartAll ProgramsUASC MSU Field Calibration Tool MSU Field
Calibration Tool to launch the MSU calibration tool. The following window will
appear.
(5) AHS-525 will be selected automatically. Click START.

(a) The tool attempts to detect the connected MSU(s). It may take a few
seconds for the tool’s main panel to appear. Note: If the message ‘No MSU
found!’ is displayed, communication cannot be established between the
computer and AHRU/MSU pair.
Page 430
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(b) The MSU serial number will be automatically detected. If calibrating
multiple MSUs (maximum 3) at the same time, the tool will show data
fields for the additional MSU(s).
(6) Block 1 has been disabled for Version 1.0. Proceed to the next step.
(7) In Block 2, calculate the Earth’s magnetic field by entering the geographical
coordinates of the calibration location. Please note that the world magnetic model
used by the tool is valid from the year 2015 through 2020. The following
information is needed from the user:
 Latitude as degrees and minutes or as degrees in decimal.
 Longitude as degrees and minutes or as degrees in decimal.
 Altitude in feet
 The time in terms of the current calendar year. Use decimal value to estimate the
month.
Then click the CALCULATE MAGNETIC FIELD button. The Tool will ask for the
user to verify the inputs.
Page 431
34-20-30 7 December 2015
Ensure the directions and numerical values are correct. Press YES if correct or press
NO and re-enter the values. The value of Magnetic Field Result is displayed in
nanotesla.
(8) In Block 3, enter the Number of Calibration Points to be taken around the 360°
circle.
NOTE: A minimum of 4 and a maximum of 24 points can be used. Twelve (12)
points have been found to yield a very good calibration, provided that the
aircraft is aligned well with each heading.
(9) IMPORTANT: Before proceeding, all electrical systems must be operating
during field calibration to ensure accurate results.
(10) Click the ACQUIRE DATA command button.
Page 432
34-20-30 7 December 2015
The following popup will appear:
Make sure that the aircraft is accurately positioned toward Magnetic North. Also,
ensure the aircraft is not subjected to any kind of motion during the data acquisition
process. This is necessary to achieve good calibration results. For helicopter
operations, normal motion due to rotor turning is acceptable.
It is important that the aircraft is aligned very closely to the desired heading.
Inaccuracies in the calibration will result in inaccuracies of the heading after
calibration. The aircraft can be towed or taxied through the points.
If a WAAS GPS is available when taxiing, use this to establish the desired heading.
Stop taxiing when the desired heading is achieved before acquiring data. Repeat
through the required number of points.
Click OK to start data acquisition.
(11) At this point the Current Operating Mode should switch to Maintenance Mode in
the left-hand window. The tool will display a 15-second countdown before
acquiring data from each acquisition point and data will be acquired from each
MSU before aircraft is moved to the next calibration position.
Page 433
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(12) Once the data acquisition at the current calibration point is complete for all MSUs,
a procedure message will be displayed as shown below.
The following options are available

 Click the PROCEED button to continue to next calibration point. The Completed
Calibration Points will increase by 1, and the tool will indicate the next heading
with which to align in a clockwise direction.
 Click the REDO button on the message pop-up to repeat the current calibration
point. If the REDO option is clicked the Completed Calibration Points indicator
will remain the same.
 To terminate data acquisition click EXIT DATA ACQUIRE. The Completed
Calibration Points field will indicate the calibration points at which the data was
acquired and the data acquisition process will be exited. Data acquisition will
restart from the same point where the EXIT AQUIRE DATA button was clicked
when you click the ACQUIRE DATA button again.
Page 434
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(13) The MSU cannot be calibrated if the aircraft is inclined at more than ±8
degrees in Roll or Pitch Angle. After acquiring the first data point, insure the
MSU Pitch, MSU Roll, AHRU Pitch, and AHRU Roll are within the ±8 degree
tolerance.
(14) Continue acquiring data in a clockwise circle until the data acquisition process is
completed at all the desired points. Once the data acquisition is complete, the
following alert message is displayed.
Click OK to calculate the magnetic scale factor.

(15) If calculation was successful, the projected heading error (in degrees) will be
displayed in the plot screen for all the MSUs being calibrated. Check the predicted
heading error around the circle for each MSU. Errors under 1° are desired and
obtainable with care. Errors over 2° are not acceptable and require a recalibration.
If the projected heading errors are not satisfactory, then click the RESTART
CALIBRATION button to restart the calibration procedure. The Completed
Calibration Points field will be reset to zero.
Repeat the calibration procedure from Step 9 above.
Page 435
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(16) If the results are satisfactory, click the Download Calibration Result To [X] MSU
button to download the calibration result where [X] is the 1st, 2nd, or 3rd MSU.
Be patient as this process may take a few moments. The yellow indicator denotes
download is in progress.
The success of the calibration procedure will be indicated by the following popup
message and the associated indicator illuminated GREEN. Click OK to continue.
Page 436
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(17) Once the calibration is complete, click the CALCULATE HEADING button to
verify the current heading of the aircraft after calibration. This should be done at a
sufficient number of headings to ensure that a successful calibration has been
performed.
(18) Click on the EXIT TOOL button to exit the field calibration tool. If calibration
results have not been downloaded to the respective MSU(s), a confirmation popup
will appear. Choose Yes to exit the tool or No to not exit.
(19) After exiting the tool, remove the connector from the AHRU and replace the
connector cover. Remove power to the unit and wait for a period of 90 seconds
before re-applying power. Reapply power and taxi or tow the aircraft to verify that
heading is correct.
Page 437
34-20-30 7 December 2015
D. Saved Parameters
The tool remembers the following user inputs via the file InputParameter.txt:
 Directional Latitude (Degrees)
 Latitude (Minutes)
 Directional Longitude (Degrees)
 Longitude (Minutes)
 Altitude
 Year
 Number of calibration points
InputParameter.txt is overwritten at the press of Acquire Data (as long as the Earth
magnetic field has been successfully determined) and Exit Tool and is saved to the
installation location (\UASC MSU Field Calibration Tool). The direction of the
latitude and longitude are written directionally such that negative signs denote South
and West. An example of the file is shown below:
Page 438
34-20-30 7 December 2015
Maintenance, Checkout and Troubleshooting

1. Maintenance
A Attitude Heading Reference Unit (AHRU), P/N 5250-XXX-XX
There is no scheduled maintenance for the AHRU. No maintenance is needed unless a
problem is found.
B. Configuration Module, P/N 52501
There is no scheduled maintenance for the Configuration Module. No maintenance is needed
unless a problem is found.
C. Magnetic Sensing Unit (MSU), P/N 5252-1000-00
There is no scheduled maintenance for the MSU. No maintenance is needed unless a problem
is found.
NOTE: Replacing the MSU does NOT invalidate the configuration. The magnetic
information will be transmitted to the AHRU even without calibration. Therefore if
the MSU is removed or replaced, recalibration in accordance with the procedures
spelled out elsewhere in this manual will be required.
Page 501
34-20-30 7 December 2015
2. Installation Checkout
You may make a copy of this section for recording the results of your checkout of the AHRS
system. Mark the PASS or FAIL spaces and fill in the blanks as appropriate.
You should perform all of the ground and flight checks when installing a new AHRS system.
The aircraft’s configuration must be known before checkout of the AHRS system.
If the equipment fails any check, refer to the Troubleshooting section for corrective
troubleshooting procedures.
A. Ground Test
The contents of this section constitute the minimum Return to Service Procedures.
These functional and self-tests should be performed after replacement of any component or
related component of the AHRS system. It is assumed that the configuration has been
completed, for a new installation. If a replacement unit has been installed there is no need to
reconfigure.
(1) Ensure that all system component connectors are connected and units are seated in
mounting racks where applicable.
(2) Reset any circuit breakers that may have been opened for replacement.
(3) Ensure that 28 VDC primary power is available.
(4) Ensure that 26 VAC power is available to supply reference voltages.
(5) Ensure that the connected Air Data Computer system and Air Data Converter (if
installed) are powered up and functioning.
(6) Check the AHRS status as indicated by three LEDs in the top panel of the AHRU
labeled REMOTE MAG, AHCM, and AHRU. These LEDs indicate status associated
with the respective unit.
(7) Perform a Self-Test initiated via a serial port (RS-232) or discrete switch (J1-67).
Weight-On-Wheels (WOW) discrete input (J1-65) must indicate on-ground for the
AHRU to enter into Self-Test mode. During Self-Test (which differs from Built-In
Test), observe the AHRU outputs on the cockpit displays as listed below:
 Magnetic Heading: 15° clockwise from North
 Pitch Angle: 5° up
 Roll Angle: 45° right wing down
If there are no problems, the above and other defined values will be visible on the
appropriate aircraft indicators. If not, note the discrepancies and bring them to the
attention of maintenance personnel.
If an error is detected during Power-up BIT (PBIT), in addition to the appropriate
AHRU LED annunciating Amber or Red, as well as during Self-Test, the Heading
and Attitude flags on the appropriate indicators will alternate between Invalid and
Valid, with each state lasting about one (1) second. If Heading and Attitude flags are
not in view, maintenance personnel should be notified, but safe flight will not be
affected.
Page 502
34-20-30 7 December 2015
When initiating Self-Test via the Discrete switch, the Self-Test values will be output for as
long as the request is asserted. Once the test key is no longer requested, Self-Test becomes
inactive and the AHRS will go back to its normal operation. If Self-Test is initiated via RS-
232, it will be active for a period of sixty seconds.
Self-Test will be disabled when the AHRU detects that the aircraft is in flight (WOW
discrete is Open = in-air).
(8) Before bolting down the AHRU on the mounting plate, it is highly recommended that the
system be exercised to demonstrate proper orientation and polarity in 2 axis of motion. With
an observer in cockpit, move the AHRU in a pitch up and pitch down orientation. Move the
AHRU in a rolling orientation both left and right. Observe and confirm that the display of
attitude is correct for the AHRU movements.
It is also recommended that the integration with the autopilot and flight director be tested, if
possible, on the ground. See autopilot specific testing from the manufacturer.
(9) Although not required for the replacement of the AHRU it is recommended that a ground test
on the following headings be completed. Tow or taxi the aircraft as needed.
Verify that the AHRS heading is within ±6 degrees of known sources of
heading or by means of alignment on a compass rose. Align the aircraft on at
least the following headings.
N  Pass  Fail
45°  Pass  Fail
E  Pass  Fail
S  Pass  Fail
W  Pass  Fail
No more than 6-degrees difference between sources or alignment.
Page 503
34-20-30 7 December 2015
B. Suggested Functional Flight Test Plan
A flight test should be performed for all new installations of the AHRS including follow on
STC activity.
Interfaces not included in the aircraft may be omitted.
(1) Pre-Flight – Required Equipment is Installed and Operational
Test: 1
Phase of Flight: Before Engine Start
Operation: Pre-Test Requirements
Function: Required equipment is installed and operational
Remarks: AHRS Operation
Procedure: Perform the MSU field calibration procedure IAW calibration instructions in the
System Data Installation section of this manual.
NOTE: Once the calibration process has been verified and a satisfactory
alignment is achieved, it is not necessary to repeat the alignment
procedure unless the MSU is removed and replaced. However, a
ground verification of correct heading indication such as verifying the
headings below would be appropriate.
Outcome: Verify that the AHRS heading is within ±6 degrees of other sources of heading
or by means of alignment on a compass rose. Align the aircraft on at least the
following headings.
N  Pass  Fail
E  Pass  Fail
S  Pass  Fail
W  Pass  Fail
No more than 6-degrees difference between sources or alignment.
Page 504
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(2) Flight Test – Take-off and Fly to Selected Test Area
Test: 2
Phase of Flight: Take-off
Operation: Fly to Selected Test Area
Function: AHRS Operation
Remarks: AHRS is the default source for Pilots PFD
Procedure: 1. Verify the following conditions:
 Aircraft assumed to be in normal flight configuration (gear and flaps up
after takeoff)
 AHRS is selected as the attitude source for display in the cockpit.
2. During takeoff and enroute to the selected test area, observe the AHRS
heading and attitude and record any anomalous behavior (excessive jitter,
apparent errors in reported attitude or heading, etc.)
(3) Flight Test – 360-degree Coordinated Left Turn

Test: 3
Phase of Flight: Flight Test
Operation: 360-degree Coordinated Left or Right Turn
Remarks:
Procedure: 1. Establish the following conditions:
 AHRS is selected as the attitude source for display in the cockpit.
 The AHRS is not in DG mode
2. Determine and record a constant airspeed and bank angle yielding a
standard rate coordinated level turn. Verify the turn rate with a stopwatch.
This and the following standard rate turn tests need to be as close as
possible to a standard rate turn. Adjust the autopilot as required to
maintain a constant bank angle.
3. Fly straight and level on a heading of 090° for 2 minutes.
4. Perform a 360° level, coordinated turn at standard rate using the airspeed
and bank angle determined above.
5. Fly straight and level (090°) for 2 minutes.
6. Record the displayed heading at the end of 2 minutes.
Page 505
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(4) Flight Test – 180° Turn
Test: 4
Operation: 180° Turn
Remarks:
 AHRS is selected as the attitude source for display in the cockpit
2. Before starting turn, fly heading 090° straight and level for 2 minutes
(already done if this test immediately follows the turn above). Record the
current airspeed, attitude and heading.
3. Perform a 180° level, coordinated turn (left or right turn) at standard rate
using the airspeed and bank angle determined above. During the turn,
attitude errors should be less than 3 degrees. Use the bank angle reported
for the AHRS for this maneuver. Adjust the autopilot as required to
maintain a constant bank angle.
4. Fly Straight and Level (270°) for 2 minutes, returning to the same airspeed
as before the turn. By the end of the 2 minutes, attitude should be within
+/- 0.5° of the attitude observed before the turn, assuming no change in
power settings or aircraft configuration. Heading should be within +/- 6.0°
of a known heading.
(5) Flight Test – Cardinal Square

Test: 5
Operation: Cardinal Square
Remarks:
 AHRS is selected as the attitude source for display in the cockpit
2. Before starting the turn, fly heading 360° straight and level for 2 minutes.
Record the current airspeed, attitude and heading.
3. Fly a square with 2 min legs on each of the cardinal headings (360°, 090°,
180°, and 270°). Perform level, coordinated turns to produce standard rate.
4. Return to straight and level flight at the same airspeed as before the
turn for 2 minutes. Heading should be within +/- 6.0° of a known
heading.
Page 506
34-20-30 7 December 2015
(6) Flight Test – AHRS ALIGN
Test: 6
Operation: AHRS ALIGN
Remarks:
Procedure: 1. Fly straight and level.
2. Press and hold the AHRS ALIGN button for at least 1 second
3. Verify and record the time it takes the AHRS to initialize (should be 60 sec
or less).
4. After AHRS initialization, verify attitude and heading accuracy.
(7) Flight Test – Autopilot and other systems

Test: 7
Phase of Flight: As required
Operation: Other Aircraft Systems
Function: AHRS Integration
Remarks:
Procedure: Depending on what other systems have been integrated to the AHRS perform
additional testing to confirm that proper operation of those systems is correct.
Other systems may include; autopilot/flight director, radar, synthetic vision, and
TAWS
Page 507
34-20-30 7 December 2015
3. Troubleshooting
When AHRS fails any of the tests in the checkout section, troubleshoot it per the procedures
below.
Green LEDs indicate all system components are operational and have passed power-up Built-
In-Test (PBIT).
Red LEDs indicate that a failure was detected that could be attributed to one of the three
units with certainty. This will occur primarily with the AHRU.
Amber LEDs also indicates some type of failure (e.g. loss of communication with the MSU
or invalid configuration of the AHCM), however, further troubleshooting will be required to
pinpoint the cause.
AHRU failure is any condition that causes it to fail its performance requirements or
compromise data integrity. As a result, all data outputs to the connected aircraft systems will
be invalidated. The same is true for failure of the MSU or AHCM despite the LED color –
outputs will be invalidated as appropriate. When a failure that does not cause data corruption
is detected, besides annunciating Amber on the AHRU status LEDs, the operator will be
notified on a compatible EFIS display during Self-Test
At AHRU power-up, the LEDs will default to a Red state. Once Power-up PBIT has
concluded, the LEDs will annunciate the following status indications, and they will be
updated each time Continuous BIT (CBIT) detects a status change:
LED Color REMOTE MAG (MSU) AHCM AHRU
Green No Fault Found No Fault Found No Fault Found
Amber Problem detected. Problem detected. Problem detected.

Check AHRU Check AHRU Check AHRU
diagnostic status for diagnostic status for diagnostic status for
troubleshooting troubleshooting troubleshooting
assistance assistance assistance
Flashing Green/Amber AHRU Alignment in Alignment in process Alignment in process
process or MSU is
not aligning
Red Repair/Replace Repair/Replace Repair/Replace
None: N/A N/A Check AHRU Power

ALL Steady Off
None: Check AHRU Check AHRU Check AHRU
AHRU Powered and one diagnostic status diagnostic status diagnostic status
or more Steady Off See table below See table below See table below
Page 508
34-20-30 7 December 2015
Below is a troubleshooting guide that is based on LED status.
LED Status Maintenance Port
Displayed Message Suggested Actions
Light Command
STATUS “On Battery Power” Check primary power source operation
STATUS “No Data Received for configured Check primary or secondary EFIS
system number on operation
<Primary / Secondary> EFIS 429” Check wiring
STATUS “No Data Received on Check AHRU configured system number
<Primary / Secondary> EFIS 429” and ensure it matches the configured
EFIS system number (primary or
secondary as noted in the STATUS
message)
Check that A429 Label 350 is being
transmitted by the EFIS
Check wiring
STATUS “Air Data Not Received” Ensure configured ADC type matches
{No data received from A429 or the installation
Manchester ADC} Check ADC operation
AHRU INPUTS (available …“TAS -- Valid: F, Data 0” Check wiring
(Amber) on-ground only) {A429 or Manchester ADC TAS is
invalid}
“Type A<B> ADC - Air Data Discrete:
Invalid”
{Air Data Valid Discrete Input is
invalid/inactive}
STATUS “Internal Configuration Failed” Write a configuration using these
commands:
CONFIG  <password>  {Selections}
PRINTCFG (to verify selections) 
WRITECFG
(After, cycle power to the unit)
STATUS IMU Gyro Sensor Failure A gyro fault was detected. Perform a
system alignment (cycle power or use
AHRS Align),
If LED remains amber, contact UASC
Product Support.
AHCM STATUS “External AHCM (Configuration Check wiring
(Amber) Module) Not Responding” Contact UASC Product Support
STATUS “MSU not aligned. Perform MSU Perform a field calibration (compass
REMOTE Field Calibration” swing) of the magnetometer (MSU) using
MAG the MAGCAL command (see Section 5 of
(Amber) this document)
STATUS “No Data Received from MSU” Check wiring
STATUS “Internal NVRAM Failure” Contact UASC Product Support
Note: Fault and event logs cannot be
read
AHRU
STATUS {VARIOUS Hardware or Software Contact UASC Product Support
(Red)
Error Messages}
DUMPFAULT {VARIOUS}
DUMPEVENTS {VARIOUS}
REMOTE STATUS “MSU Reports Hardware Failure” Contact UASC Product Support
MAG (Red)
Page 509
34-20-30 7 December 2015
4. RS-232 Maintenance Port Operations
The RS-232 maintenance port is used to obtain information about the AHRS.
NOTE: Maintenance Status functions require a PC with Microsoft Windows XP or later
having a RS232 communication port or USB port (with a USB to serial adapter).
Using a PC and terminal emulating software, the following commands can be entered by the
user:
Command Function
BI Displays Build Information (software control number, date, etc.)
ETI Displays elapsed time
TEMPS Displays high, low, and current temperatures
STATUS Displays current output parameters and hardware status
INPUTS Displays the status of the currently configured inputs
PRINTCFG Displays the current configuration including any pending configuration edits.
NOTE: Available at all menus.
DUMPFAULT Displays the fault log
DUMPEVENTS Displays the event log
MAGCAL Enter Magnetic Calibration Mode
CONFIG Enter the configuration menu after entering password
SELFTEST Enter Self-Test Mode for 60 seconds
HELP / ? Displays the list of commands.
Note: Available at all menus.
The MAGCAL, CONFIG, INPUTS, and SELFTEST commands are only available when the
aircraft is on the ground. All other commands may be entered whether on the ground or in
the air.
To configure the AHRU, the installer has to connect a terminal (PC with HyperTerminal or
equivalent) to the RS-232 maintenance port.
HyperTerminal Settings: Baud 115,200
Bit 8
Parity None
Stop Bits 1
Flow Control None
When the STATUS command is entered whether on-ground or in-air, and the AHRU is
operating and in the normal state, attitude, heading and body rates will be displayed on the
user’s screen. Additionally, if there are any issues that have caused an Amber or Red LED
on the AHRU, a description of the problem will be displayed.
The INPUTS command will also display information about the status and values of INPUTS
to the AHRS system but may only be used on-ground.
Page 510
34-20-30 7 December 2015

34 20 30 - Ahrs

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

You might also like

34 20 30 - Ahrs

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

34 20 30 - Ahrs

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Attitude Heading Reference System

The information contained herein is subject to Export Administration Regulations (“EAR”),

This publication is available at www.uasc.com.

©2015 UNIVERSAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CORPORATION

3260 East Universal Way

Record of Temporary Changes

TC-1 27 Jan 2016 27 Jan 2016 / UASC

List of Effective Pages

Title Page 7 Dec/15 113 7 Dec/15

321 7 Dec/15 506 7 Dec/15

Maintenance, 501 7 Dec/15

System Data Installation ............................................................................................. 401

Description and Operation

26 VAC Synchro Reference Input

(2) AHRS Attitude Mode of Operation (Normal/Basic Modes)

Upon application of power to the AHRU at temperatures greater than or equal to

Temporary Change No. 34.20.30-1

3. Airborne Electronic Hardware

The CPU FPGA provides the following functions:

Lightning Direct Effects 23.0 X Not Tested

REV PAGES DATE DESCRIPTION FAA APPROVED

Temporary Change No. 34.20.30-2

ANNUNCIATION COLOR DESCRIPTION

DG MODE White Indicates the AHRS is operating in DG Mode

In flight, the AHRS will automatically revert to the Basic mode of

The unit will report being in alignment mode if initialization has

SECTION V – PERFORMANCE DATA

SECTION VI – WEIGHT & BALANCE

SECTION VII – SYSTEMS

B. Magnetic Sensing Unit

B. MSU Calibration Software P/N P12117

3 Alignment and Fixing Groove

2. WEIGHT APPROSIMATELY 0.5 LBS.

2. WEIGHT APPROSIMATELY 0.05 LBS.

3. USE FOUR 10-32 X TBD LENGTH, 82 DEGREE FLAT HEAD SCREWS

(2) Analog Air Data Computer Input

Analog ADC Type B Input

(3) Manchester Encoded Serial Digital Data Input

(2) AHRS Performance Requirements without ADC Inputs

(3) AHRS Performance Requirements without MSU Inputs

(2) Attitude Direction Indicator (ADI)

(3) Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI)

Output Range Index Positive Scale Load Signal

Magnetic 0 - 360 0 deg = Nose Right 1=1 Three 220 3-wire

(4) Radio Magnetic Indicator (RMI)

(5) Autopilot – ARINC 429

(7) Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System – ARINC 429

(10) Flight Data Recorder – ARINC 429

(13) Weather Radar System – ARINC 407

Installation and Wiring

Pin Function With Description

Pin Function With Description

Pin Function With Description

Pin Function With Description

Pin Function With Description

Pin Function With Description

Pin Function With Description

Pin Function With Description