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MCHN Word File
MCHN Word File
Oxytocin
Characteristics of the Menstrual cycle The menstrual cycle can be divided into the following
parts:
• Interval between cycles: average 28 days; cycles
of 23 to 35 days not usual
• Duration of Menstrual flow average flow: 2-7 1. Ovarian cycle
days ranges 1-9 days not normal
• Amount of menstrual flow: Difficult to estimate; 2. Uterine cycle
average 30 to 80 ml. per menstrual period;
OVARIAN CYCLE UTERINE CYCLE
FETAL CIRCULATION
Nutrients and oxygen are exchanged through diffusion.
The placenta is the embryo’s organ of respiration, 1. Blood from the placenta is carried to the fetus by
nourishment, and excretion. the umbilical vein. About half of this enters the fetal
ductus venosus and is carried to the inferior vena
cava, while the other half enters the liver proper
PLACENTA from the inferior border of the liver. The branch of
the umbilical vein that supplies the right lobe of the
• Fully- functional by the 12th week liver first joins with the portal vein.
2 sides of placenta:
• maternal side which is irregular and is divided 2. The blood then moves to the right atrium of the
into subdivisions called cotyledons-DUNCAN heart. In the fetus, there is an opening between the
• fetal side covered by amnion, so it is smooth right and left atrium (the foramen ovule), and most
and shiny -SCHULTZ of the blood flows through this hole directly into the
left atrium from the right atrium, thus bypassing
pulmonary circulation.
UMBILICAL CORD
• Week 9 - fingers and toenails form; eyelids fuse shut System development
Fetal heart rate A “teratogen” is any exposure that can cause harm to
Fetoscope an unborn or breastfeeding baby.
Doppler