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Physics Revision Sheet

Grade 8
2nd Term

Name: ---------------------------------------------------------------------

Class: ----------------------------------------------------------------------

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Q1: Write the letter of the correct answer on the line at the left:
______1. The highest parts of the transverse wave are called
a. transversals b. summits c. Troughs d. crests

_______2. The lowest parts of the transverse wave are called

a. transversals b. summits c. Troughs d. crests

______3. In longitudinal waves in a spring, the parts where the coils

are close together are called
a. compressions b. Refractions

c. longitudes d. contractions

______4. In longitudinal waves in a spring, the parts where the coils

are spread out are called
a. compressions b. Refractions

c. longitudes d. contractions

______5. The distance between two corresponding parts of a wave is

its
a. trough b. Amplitude

c. wavelength d. frequency

______6. How often a wave occurs is the wave`s

a. crest b. Frequency

c. wavelength d. amplitude

______7. The less energy a wave has, the smaller its

a. crest b. Frequency

c. wavelength d. amplitude

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______8. Frequency is measured in units called
a. periods b. Nanoseconds c. hertz d. eras

______9. Reflection occurs when a wave

a. bends due to a change in speed b. Hits a surface and bounces back

c. passes through an opening d. bends around a barrier

______10. Refraction occurs when a wave

a. bends due to a change in speed b. Hits a surface and bounces back

c. passes through an opening d. bends around a barrier

______11. Interference in which waves combine to form a wave with a

larger amplitude than either wave originally had, is called
a. destructive interference b. Constructive interference

c. resonance d. amplitude enhancement

______12. Points of maximum amplitude on a standing wave are called

a. crests b. Incidence

c. apexes d. antinodes

______13. Sound travels as a(n)

a. medium b. Energy

c. wave d. particle

______14. When one part of a vibration causes air particles to spread

out, they form a
A. compression b. Sound wave

c. diffraction d. rarefaction

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______15. When one part of a vibration pushes air particles together,
they form a
a. compression b. Sound wave

c. diffraction d. rarefaction

______16. Sound can travel through

a. solids b. Liquids c. gases d. all of the above

______17. Sound wave would travel fastest in a

a. solids b. Liquids

c. gases d. all are the same

______18. Wave speed can be found by multiplying the wavelength by

the
a. density b. Amplitude

c. temperature d. frequency

______19. The substance that a sound wave travels through is called

the
a. rarefaction b. Amplitude

c. medium d. compression

______20. The waves in front of a waving sound source have

a. longer wavelengths than trailing waves

b. A higher pitch than the waves behind it

c. different properties than trailing waves

d. the same amplitude as the waves behind it

______21. A10dB increase in loudness represents

a. a twofold increase in intensity b. A fourfold increase in intensity

c. a hundredfold increase in intensity d. a tenfold increase in intensity

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_____22. Loudness describes
a. the energy and intensity of a sound wave

b. The decibel level of a sound wave

c. danger to public health

d. your awareness of sound`s energy

_____23. When your vocal cords relax, you produce sound waves with
a. lower frequencies & lower pitches

b. lower frequencies & higher pitches

c. higher frequencies & lower pitches

d. higher frequencies & higher pitches

______24. The three smallest bones in the ear and in your body are the
hammer, anvil and---------
a. cochlea b. Spur c. Stirrup d. auditory nerve

______ 25. The three sections of the ear are the

a. outer, middle & inner b. Exterior, interior & auditory ear

c. dermal, trans dermal & inter dermal ear d. intro, intra & supra ear

______ 26. The outer most part of your ear looks like a
a. hammer b. Anvil c. Snail d. funnel

______ 27. Sound waves are converted to a signal that travels from your ear to
your

a. brain b. Lungs c. Nerves d. muscles

____ 28. If a wave has a frequency of 2 waves per second and a

wavelength of 1 m, what is the wave’s speed?
a. 0.5 m per second b. 1 m per second c. 2 m per second

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______29. You can hear reflected sound waves as
a. resonance. b. acoustics. c. echoes.

______30. The higher the pitch of a sound, the greater the sound
wave’s
a. wavelength. b. frequency. c. amplitude.

____ 31. The lowest natural frequency of an object is called the

a. overtone. b. Doppler effect. c. fundamental tone

____ 32. Sounds that are too high for humans to hear are called
a. ultrasound. b. infrasound. c. reverberation.

____ 33. The study of the way sounds bounce-off surfaces and bump
into one another is known as
a. echolocation. b. Doppler effect. c. acoustics.

____ 34. The most common cause of hearing loss is

a. injury. b. infection. c. aging.

____ 35. Bats and dolphins find objects in the dark by using
a. echolocation. b. sonar. c. resonance.

____ 36. Sonar devices send out waves of

a. infrasound. b. ultrasound. c. resonance.

____ 37. The energy carried by an electromagnetic wave is called

a. electricity. b. sunlight. c. electromagnetic radiation.

____ 38. All electromagnetic waves

a. need a medium to travel through. b. travel at the speed of light.

c. are longitudinal waves.

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____ 39. What model of light best explains the photoelectric effect?
a. particle model b. wave model c. filter model

____ 40. Electromagnetic waves with the lowest frequencies are

a. X-rays. b. ultraviolet rays. c. radio waves.

Q2: If a statement is true, write true. If it is false, write false:

____________1. Waves that can travel with or without medium are called mechanical
waves.

____________2. Mechanical waves form when a source of energy causes a medium

to compress.

_____________3. The three types of mechanical waves are transverse waves,

latitudinal waves, and surface waves.

_____________4. A(n)surface wave moves the medium in the same direction as the
wave travels.

_____________5. Each particle of water in an ocean wave moves in a(n) circle.

_____________6. A transverse wave moves a medium at a(n)obtuse angle to the

wave’s motion.

_____________7. All waves have wavelength, frequency, rest point and speed.

_____________8. The frequency of a wave remains constant if the medium,

temperature and pressure don’t change.

_____________9. The speed, wavelength, and frequency of a wave are related by a

scientific theory.

______________10. The height of a wave`s wavelength depends on its amplitude.

______________11. The amplitude of a(n) transverse wave is a measure of how

compressed or rarefied the medium becomes.

______________12. Dividing the distance a wave travels by the time it takes to travel
that distance gives you the wave’s speed.

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____________13. Waves change direction by diffraction, reflection, and deflection.

____________14. The quality of sound depends on the temperature, stiffness, and

density of the medium the sound travels through.

_____________15. Sound travels more quickly at higher temperature than at lower

temperature.

_____________16. The state of a medium helps determine the speed of sound

passing through the medium.

_____________17. The loudness of different sounds is compared in units called hertz

(Hz).

_____________18. The farther apart a sound wave and its source are, the less energy
the sound wave has in a given area.

_____________19. The diffusion theorem explains a change that occurs in the

frequency of a wave as its source in relation to an observer.

_____________20. Sounds louder than 60dB can cause damage to your ears.

_____________21. The distance from one compression to the next compression is the
amplitude of a longitudinal wave.

_____________22. The law of reflection states that the angle of reflection equals the
angle of incidence.

_____________23. Noise is a set of notes that combine in patterns that are pleasing.

_____________24. A small drum produces a lower pitch sound than a larger drum
does.

______________25. A sonar device measures the time it takes a sound wave to return
to the device.

______________26. An echo is a diffracted sound wave.

______________27. A sonogram can be created because sound reflects when it hits

tissues.

______________28. Sound waves are transverse waves.

_____________ 29. A change in pitch that happens because a sound source is

moving is called reverberation.
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_________ 30. All types of hearing loss can be helped with hearing aids.

_________ 31. Echolocation involves the reflection of ultrasound waves.

__________32. Electromagnetic waves need a medium to travel through.

_________33. Infrared rays have lower frequencies than radio waves.

Q3: Fill in the line to complete each statement:

1. A repeated up-and-down or back-and-forth movement is a(an)-----------------.

2. A type of movement that carries energy from place to place is a(an)---------------.

4. The basic properties of waves are --------------------, wavelength, frequency, and

speed.

5. The bending of waves around the edge of a barrier is known as---------------------

6. In standing waves, ----------------------- are points with zero amplitude

7. A picture made from reflected ultrasound waves is a(an)-------------------.

8. The use of ultrasound to find objects underwater is a----------------------.

9. When light knocks particles out of a material, it is called the------------------------ effect.

10. A particle of light energy is known as a(an)---------------------------.

11. Light that vibrates in just one direction after passing through a special filter is called
-----------------------light.

12. Waves that seem to be standing still are known as------------------------ waves.

13. All electromagnetic waves travel at the same-----------------------.

12. The higher the frequency of an electromagnetic wave, the more---------------- it has.

13. All electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed, but they have different
wavelengths and------------------.

14. An infrared camera takes a picture called a(n) --------------------------------.

15. Destructive interference in a standing wave produces points with zero amplitude
called -----------------------------.

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Q4: Solve these problems:
1.Calculate the wave speed (in m/s) for the following waves:
a) A sound wave in steel with a frequency of 500HZ and a wavelength of 3.0 meters.

b) A ripple on a pond with a frequency of 2 Hz and a wavelength of 0.4 meters.

c) A radio wave with a wavelength of 30 m and a frequency of 10,000,000 hertz.

2. calculate the wavelength (in meters) for the following waves:

a) A wave on a slinky spring with a frequency of 2 Hz travelling at 3 m/s.

b) An ultrasound wave with a frequency 40,000 Hz travelling at 1450 m/s in tissue.

_____________________________________________________________

c) A sound wave with frequency 440 Hz travelling at 340 meters per second in air.

3. Calculate the frequency (in Hz) for the following waves

a) A sound wave of wavelength 10 meters travelling at 340 meters per second.

b) A wave on the sea with a speed of 8 m/s and wavelength of 20 meters.

c) A microwave of wavelength 0.15 meters travelling through space at 300,000,000

m/s.

__________________________________________________________________

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Q5: Complete each diagram, answer the questions following:

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