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License Help For Canadian Engineers1
License Help For Canadian Engineers1
Disclaimer
Transport Canada has ask us to advise users of this webpage to keep in mind that these questions are not the exact questions found
in their exams. Martin's Marine Engineering Page - www.dieselduck.net is not affiliated with Transport Canada and these questions
have been gathered from various sources.
A visitor reported that the following questions showed up on his exam in June 2007...
1. Sketch and describe a main lubricating oil pump. Which are the clearances to be checked?
2. How the shafting alignment is checked in a ship with main engine amidship?
3. Sketch and describe a centralized cooling system using plate heat exchangers.
4. You are the Chief Engineer of a ship with four engineers and six engine crew members. How
would you set up a fire-fighting organization?
5. Describe the electric-welding process. State how the materials are prepared for this process.
Describe the tests carried out to the weld.
6. With reference to bearings, what is abrasion, adhesion and corrosion? How do they occur and
what is their effect the running of engine?
7. Discuss the presence of sulphur, vanadium, water and incombustible solids in the fuel oil.
8. Instructions have come to discard spare parts and to keep on board only the stock required as
per international regulations. Write a letter to superintendent asking permission to keep on board
some extra spare parts giving reasons for this.
Air Compressors
G01. Care of an air compressor either 2 or 3 stage. What attention is needed before opening up
for inspection?
REF:MAR87
G02. What faults are likely to develop in an air compressor and how are they remedied.
REF:MAR83 REF:DEC90
G05. Describe a 3 stage air compressor. Why is there a cooling system. Sketch a cooler
suitable for 2400 kPa
REF:JAN87
G06. Why are isothermal conditions desirable in an air compressor and adiabatic conditions in a
diesel engine? How are these conditions aided? What physical properties prevent these
conditions from being perfect?
G07. Draw a combined indicator diagram of a 3 stage air compressor, and show the effects of
intercooling. Give the various pressures and temperatures.
G09. Explain how the ingress of sea water is prevented in an oil lubricated stern bearing
system. Should the system fail, describe the corrective action possible whilst the vessel is
afloat. State why two stern bearing oil header tanks are fitted in some instances?
G10. Make a detailed sketch of the sealing arrangements for an oil-filled stern tube. Describe
the common forms of seal failure. Explain how oil loss due to seal failure is restricted whilst on
passage. Describe how the seals are restored to their original effectiveness. Give a reason other
than the expense of oil loss why effective sealing is necessary.
G11. Compare the merits and demerits of roller and plain bearings when used for main shafting.
Describe with sketches a roller bearing for main shafting. Explain why the need to split main
roller bearings creates problems and how they are overcome. Give two reasons why roller
bearings are rarely employed as stern bearings.
REF:JUN90
G12. Sketch and describe a main bearing as fitted to a diesel engine. How would it be
remetalled on board ship in an emergency?
ANS:Pounder#5/695 REF:NSG7
G13. Identify the chief causes of overheating in tunnel bearings and of vibration in main
shafting. Explain why the siting of the engine room amidships enhances these tendencies. State
how overheating and vibration may be reduced or eliminated.
G14. Give two reasons for sludge formation in main lubricating oil systems. Explain how
bearing metal is attacked with particular reference to incompatibility between the oil and metal.
Explain the role of additives and state what normal practices must be suspended in order to
maintain treated oils in their optimum condition. Discuss the problems associated with the use of
a multi-purpose lubricating oil.
G15. By examining bearings, give the condition of lubricating oil in an engine. State simple
tests that may be performed aboard ship. How would you keep lube oil in good condition.
REF:MAY90
G16. With reference to main shaft bearings which are excessively loaded or very lightly loaded
state for each condition what are the:
REF:OCT88 REF:NOV89
G17. Discuss the merits and demerits of shell and pad shaft bearings. How is shafting alignment
checked with What is the effect of tailshaft weardown on the adjacent shaft bearings.
REF:MAR92
G18. How is the weardown of a tail shaft checked? How often is it taken? Where would you
find previous readings? What maximum weardown would you allow for a 250 mm diameter
shaft?
REF:NSG4
G19. Describe the procedure in lining up an engine bedplate, main bearings, gear box, thrust
block, propeller shafting and tail-end shaft, assuming this to be a new ship.
REF:NSD8
G20. With reference to shell and pad bearings which are excessively loaded or very lightly
loaded state for each condition what are the:
REF:MAR91
G21. Sketch and describe a single collar thrust block. How is lubrication effected? What
pressure can be carried as compared with a multi-collar thrust?
REF:NSG3
General
G23. How is the position of the engine fixed in a ship? How is the engine aligned? How is the
engine secured to floors or tanktop. (sketch method). What is a crankshaft deflection and how is
it done.
REF:NOV88 REF:MAY89
REF:MAR91 REF:NSH7
G24. What is the purpose of a cofferdam. Where are they located? Name all their fittings.
How are they entered?
REF:JAN87 REF: 90
G25. Sketch and describe a diesel electric propulsion system. Mention disadvantages and
advantages.
REF:JUN88
G26. Describe 4 types of stress. Give an example of each in a boiler and an engine.
REF:JAN87
G27. Regarding air receivers and boilers, what is the nature and intent of stresses in the
longitudinal and circumferential seams. State the rules that apply.
REF:NSH1
G28. Explain fatigue and thermal stresses. State 2 examples of each an encountered on a diesel
ship. How are they dealt with. Give 2 examples of each.
REF:FEB91
G29. Sketch and describe a stockless anchor illustrating the method or device used to attach it to
the chain cable. When the anchor and cable are ranged during the ships underwater survey what
parts require special attention and what defects are likely to be discovered?
G30. Describe and sketch an axial flow pump. Explain it's principle of operation. State what
important advantage and serious disadvantage it possesses compared to other pumps. Explain the
effects of throttling either the suction or discharge valve.
G31. Describe the auxiliary machinery that would be required for safe and efficient operation of
a large motor ship. Describe the size and capacity of the pumps. State the type and size of ship
(cargo / passenger).
REF:MAR83 REF:JAN86
REF:JAN87
G32. What are the conditions required in the cylinders of a marine diesel engine for good
combustion. Under normal working conditions the following may occur:
a. black smoke
b. white smoke
c. blue smoke
What may be the suspected cause for each case to occur? What would be the remedy for it?
REF:JAN87 REF:JUN88
REF:DEC88
G33. What is meant by the term "closed flashpoint" of an oil? Describe a test to determine its
value. State any factors that limit the temperature of heating for marine fuels. Give the
approximate closed flashpoint of:
a. petrol (gasoline)
b. paraffin
c. boiler fuel oil
REF:NSJ7
34. What is the chemical composition of coal? Give the average calorific value of coal.
Describe the chemical process when coal is burned in air.
REF:JUL88 REF:NSB9
G35. Give the calorific values of anthracite and bituminous coals. What are the chemical
compositions of this coal?
REF:NSE4
G36. Discuss any form of the following:
a. flashpoint
b. viscosity
c. calorific value
d. conradson carbon
e. pour point
f. fire point
REF:NSE7
G37. What is meant by the "flash point of oil? How is it obtained? What are the approximate
closed flash points of the following fuels:
a. diesel oil
b. bunker oil
c. kerosene
d. gasoline
REF:NSF1
REF:JAN90
REF:MA80
a. how differential movement tubes and body is accommodated when the tube plates
are rigidly located in the body
b. how and why turbulence is imparted to fluid flow through the tubes
c. why it has become possible to discard sacrificial anodes in sea water coolers
d. what is meant by the term 'guided flow', with particular reference to oil heaters
G41. Considering erosion and corrosion in a heat exchanger system give the effects of :
a. velocity
b. welding and brazing
c. temperature variations
REF:MAY90
G42. Sketch and describe a plate type cooler. Explain how leakage is prevented. State one
advantage and one disadvantage it possesses over the tubular type.
REF:FEB91 REF:MAR91
G43. With reference to heat exchangers define what is meant by the terms 'parallel flow' and
'contra flow'. Give two advantages and two disadvantages of each type of flow. State an
application for which each is most suitable. Describe how the 'fall off' in efficiency of heat
exchangers may be effectively countered.
REF:JUN90
a. sinuflow flow
b. cross flow
c. straight flow
d. reversing flow
Sketch and describe how constant salt?? water temperature is maintained in a system.
REF:MAY90
G45. Discuss recent developments in the protection of the hull from the effects of corrosion.
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of various types of hull cleaning procedures
indicating your position with respect to the merits or demerits of cleaning the hull while the
vessel is afloat.
G46. Discuss the merits and demerits of employing either a soluble oil or a chromate solution as
a corrosion inhibitor in the cooling system of a diesel engine.
ANS:Henchall/193
Boilers
G47. Describe any method of boiler feed treatment you are familiar with. What chemicals are
used, and how is scale prevented?
REF:MAR87
a. alkalinity
b. chlorides.
State the values obtained from the tests that would be considered suitable for a water tube boiler.
If the test results were unsatisfactory, what remedial action would you take?
REF:NSE9
G49. Give composition of boiler scale. If you had to use seawater in the boiler, explain what
steps would be required to maintain a reasonable level of impurities. What level of impurities
would you try to maintain?
REF:JAN90
G50. What is caustic embrittlement?
G52. Sketch and describe a thermo-couple pyrometer. Where are thermocouple pyrometers
fitted on steam and motor ships?
REF:NSB2
G53. Describe, with the aid of a sketch, a device used to measure the depth of oil in a tank. The
instrument in the question may be used without opening the tank. Does the specific gravity of
the oil have any effect on the reading of this gauge.
REF:NSF6
REF:NSI3
G54. What gas would be found in the following compartments and how could their effects be
minimized?
a. battery room
b. refrigeration chamber
c. empty ballast tank
d. paint store room
e. fuel tank
G55. State what is the purpose of each of the following items in a machinery control system:
G56. Using a cathode ray oscilloscope for obtaining indicator diagrams from main engines
describe and state the manner in which it may be used to illustrate certain important features,
such as combustion process etc.
G57. Describe 2 different types of pressure gauges that work by an elastic system. Give an
example of what each is used for. Explain how one of these is calibrated.
REF:MAY88 REF:NOV88
REF:NOV89 REF:JAN90
a. a dynamometer
b. a torsion meter
REF:JUL88 REF:FEB91
G59. Describe a torsion meter and show how it is used to find shaft horse power.
REF:NSC7
G60. Describe a dynamometer as used to find brake horse power of an engine. After
determining the B.H.P. how would you find the mechanical efficiency?
REF:NSD2
REF:NSF7 REF:JUL88
G61. Regarding remote control sensing devices of either electrical or pneumatic type, name two
advantages and two disadvantages of each. Which device would be used for:
a. lube oil pressure
b. bearing temperature
c. tank level indicators.
REF:OCT89 REF:NOV89
G62. Sketch and describe a fuel meter used with high viscosity fuel. Explain how it operates.
Explain the value of the readings obtained and how they are used.
Steering
G63. Sketch and describe an electro/hydraulic steering system. How is emergency steering
carried out?
REF:JAN87
REF:MAY88 REF:NOV88
REF:DEC88 REF:JAN90
G65. Examine in detail three common but entirely different reasons for loss of steering. State
how failure is inhibited in the design, operation and maintenance of steering gear systems.
Describe how a vessel may make port upon irreparable failure of the steering telemotor.
REF:JAN90 REF:MAR92
G66. Describe how you would remove air from a telemotor system. What are the dangers of air
in a telemotor system?
REF:NSB5
G67. Explain how the following steering gear faults are corrected:
a. pronounced sluggishness
b. excessive hunting
c. persistent overloading of pump motor
d. purge system of air
REF:FEB89 REF:FEB91
G68. How is the vertical movement restricted on a rudder and how is it accommodated in the
steering gear? How is the weight of the rudder transferred to the ship?
REF:JUN90
G69. Sketch and describe an electro-hydraulic steering geas as fitted on board ship and indicate
emergency steering methods. How is the weight of rudder supported?
REF:NSD3
G70. Fully describe a steering gear you are familiar with. How are shock loads prevented?
Explain hunting gear.
REF:MAR86
G71. Describe fully any type of hydraulic steering gear with which you are familiar. Explain its
operation and how it's movements are controlled from the bridge.
REF:NSF4
G72. What provision is made to avoid damage to steering engines when they aare situated
adjacent to the rudder stock? Describe a steering system showing how it is controlled from the
bridge. What is the hunting gear? Describe its action.
REF:NDE3
G73. With reference to firefighting in machinery spaces compare the advantages and
disadvantages of:
REF:JAN90 REF:MAY91
REF:JUN90 REF:MAR92
G75. What preventative measures should be taken against the out-break of fire in an oil burning
vessel? How would you proceed to subdue such an oil fire? Describe with the aid of a sketch, a
foam type portable fire extinguisher.
REF:NSF8
G76. Make a detailed list of all fire-fighting equipment on the last ship in which you sailed.
Sketch the layout of engine room and boiler room, placing the equipment in their respective
positions.
REF:NSJ3
G78. State why a CO2 fixed fire smothering system requires periodical inspection and service.
Define the advantages and disadvantages of this system over other fixed systems.
REF:FEB80
b) air compressors
c) engine crankcases
REF:JAN87
G80. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of an inert gas smothering system from flue
gasses compared to an inert-gas generator. Explain why an inert gas generator is more
advantageous. Why is it unsuitable for use in machinery spaces?
REF:NOV88 REF:OCT89
G81. With reference to safety of personnel describe the correct method of dealing with the
following:
b) overhauling a pump that has been used for pumping hazardous chemicals.
REF:JAN90 REF:APR91
G82. Sketch and describe an inert gas system using exhaust gas from main uptake:
b) safety devices
REF:DEC88
G83. Sketch and describe an inert gas system from boiler uptakes. Explain why this system
cannot be used for firefighting.
REF:NOV89
G84. Describe with sketches a fixed fire smothering installation incorporating 'bulk storage' of
carbon dioxide. Make special reference to the following points:
G85 More questions like these can be found on Martin's Marine Engineering Page, click to
www.dieselduck.net.
G85. Compare the relative merits of infra red, ultra violet and combustion gas (ionization) type
fire detectors for use in machinery spaces. Explain why a combination of these types is more
desirable than any one type individually.
G86. What are the probable causes of fire breaking out in the engine room of a ship using oil
fuel? What precautions are taken to avoid this? Describe a system of detecting fire aboard ship
and the method of preventing fire breaking out? Discuss firefighting methods aboard ship.
REF:NSE5 REF:NSG8
G87. What equipment is fitted on an oil burning vessel? How is it used to fight a bilge fire in
the engine room.
G88. A ship has been grounded and damaged severely under the engine room. After completion
of repairs, what steps would you take to ensure that the machinery is in a condition ready to be
operated.
REF:JAN87 REF:NSC8
G89. Describe an automatic sprinkler and alarm system which is effective for protection against
fire in all parts of a passenger ship. The system is to be of the "dry pipe" type. Explain the
operation and how it is reset.
REF:NSI1
G90. Sketch and describe an automatic sprinkler system as fitted on board ship and indicate in
what locations sprinkler heads are fitted.
REF:NSD1
G91. Describe a combined smoke detecting and CO2 fire extinguishing system.
G92. Describe a CO2 fire extinguishing system. How is it operated? What precautions whould
be taken before using? What must be done to make it fully effective? What is permeability with
regard to fire extinguishing equipment?
REF:NSC2
G93. Using a line diagram describe a fire smothering system which draws inert gas from the
funnel, that is the exhaust of the main engine or boilers. Can such a system be used for
extinguishing engine room fires. What are the time-related problems inherent with inert gas
systems and how are they overcome.
REF:NSA9
G94. Describe the bulk CO2 fire extinguishing system and precaution for:
a) warning personnel
REF:DEC89
G95. Describe a CO2 fire extinguishing system. In your estimation, what volume of gas would
be obtained from a kilogram of liquid CO2 . What minimum amount would be required for a
machinery space expressed on a % basis?
REF:NSI6
G96. What precautions are taken on an oil burning ship and how would you deal with a fire?
Sketch and describe a portable fire extinguisher.
G97. Discuss the factors contributing to the initiation and propogation of fires in the cavenge
system of a diesel engine and the method of operation required to mitigate such an occurrence.
G98. Re: fire detection state the differences between cargo spaces and machine spaces. What
types of devices are used and why. How are these devices tested. Where are the devices
located?
REF:JUN90 REF:APR91
G99. A rating is killed in the engine room. Write a letter to your head office as to how this
happened, and precautions against reoccurrence.
REF:MAY90 REF:MAR91
G100. The vessel of which you are Chief Engineer suffers a grounding. Write a report to the
Superintendent of the company about the surveys and inspections subsequently carried out when
the vessel was dry-docked in a foreign port.
REF:MAR91 REF:NSE8
G101. You are the chief engineer of a vessel that has suffered a minor fire in the engine room
that burned off the wiring to essential pumps temporary repairs were made to get vessel
underway. Write a letter to the company head office describing the incident and what
arangements have been made to effect a permanent repair at the next port of call.
REF:APR91
G102. You have been chief engineer on a new ship for 1 year with fully automatic U.M.S.
operation. You were previously chief engineer on the sister ship with manual operation. Write a
letter to head office and discuss the advantages and disadvantages. Highlight any instances in
which automatic was superior to manual operation.
REF:FEB90 REF:JUL90
REF:FEB91
G103. Although your vessel is engaged upon a regular trade the specific fuel consumption has
notable increased whilst the average speed has correspondingly decreased in comparison to
previous voyages. As chief engineer report to head office your investigations findings and
measures to correct this tendency.
REF:JUN90 REF:MAY91
G104. Your ship shows much more fuel consumption than her sister ship. Write a letter to your
manager explaining the reasons.
REF:NOV89
G105. It has been found necessary to completely replenish all of the oil in the lubricating system
of a large motorship. (or steam turbine ship). As chief engineer write a detailed report to the
Superintendent Engineer justifying this heavy expenditure, the expendiencies required to prevent
further trouble during the voyage, and suggestions for permanent measures to avoid recurrence
of the initial problem.
REF:DEC89 REF:NSA5
G106. You had to discharge to shore 200 tonnes of emulsified and contaminated fuel oil. You
had attempted to regrevate and purify this oil bat were unsuccessful. Write a report to your head
office explaining the above, how the oil became emulsified and contaminated, and what steps
have been taken to prevent a re-occurrance.
REF:NOV88
G107. As chief engineer prepare a list of the operating and maintenance procedures you would
institute for the care of the main engine giving reasons for each procedure and the trouble likely
to arise from neglect of such procedures.
G108. Arrange a fire party with 6 ratings 3 engineers besides yourself for an engine room fire.
REF:JAN87 REF:NSH5
G109. Write a letter to the ship owner or superintendent engineer describing an engine
breakdown with suggestion for avoiding a recurrence.
G110. What type of engine is fitted in motor lifeboats? What planned maintenance measures are
carried out? Describe how you would start a lifeboat engine.
REF:NSG9
G111. Describe the following metal properties:
a) ductility
b) brittleness
c) malleability
d) elasticity
e) plasticity
f) hardness
g) strength
h) toughness
a) stress corrosion
b) corrosion fatigue
c) crevice corrosion
d) creep
G113. Describe in detail each of the following processes and give an example where each is
likely to occur in marine engineering:
a) corrosion fatigue
b) stress corrosion
c) creeping cracks
d) casting cracks.
State how in each case the initiation of the process is prevented or minimized.
REF:JUN90 REF:APR91
G114. Write a short essay on the corrosion of the ferrous metals. What methods may be adopted
to prevent or retard corrosion?
REF:NSA4
G115. Describe a tensile test made on a specimen steel bar. Give a definition of each of the
following:
a) elongation
b) yield point
c) ultimate stress
d) reduction in area
REF:NOV88 REF:NSG5
G116. Various tests are carried out on material used for boiler construction. With reference to
these tests, explain the following terms:
a) elongation
b) yield point
c) area reduction
d) ultimate stress
REF:NSB4
G117. What is meant by the mechanical properties of the metals used in Marine Engineering?
What is meant by:
a) elongation
b) ultimate stress
c) yield point
d) permanent set
REF:NSD9
G118. Define creep failure. State the material used for the following:
c) turbine blade
REF:DEC88
G119. Briefly describe the tests made on a piece of metal to determine its suitability for use in
engineering. Explain clearly what is meant by any four of the following metallurgical terms:
a) work hardening
b) case hardening
c) annealing
d) normalizing
e) yield point
f) creep
REF:MAY90
G120. Explain the process of annealing, tempering and case hardening. Give two examples of
each on an engine.
REF:MAY90
a) annealing
b) tempering
c) case hardening
REF:NSF9
a) stern frame
REF:DEC89 REF:NSG2
G123. State the chemical composition of the following metals and give their physical properties:
a) babbit's metal
b) stainless iron
c) stainless steel
d) monel metal
G124. Give the average composition of white metal. What is its melting point? What are the
advantages of using it? What pressure will it stand and at what pressure will it give?
REF:NSC6
G125. State physical properties of the following and give example where they may be used:
a) muntz metal
b) phosphor bronze
c) aluminium bronze
d) cupro nickel
G126. What are the metallurgical compositions and mechanical properties for:
c) titanium
REF:MAY88
G127. State the approximate proportion of carbon contained in cast iron and cast steel. Mention
the forms in which the carbon may occur therein. Compare the physical properties of these two
metals and name some of the more important parts of machinery for which cast steel is used.
a) radiographic
b) ultrasonic
c) magnetic particle
d) dye penetrant
REF:FEB80 REF:MAR92
G130. Describe the open hearth process of manufacturing mild steel. What is the difference
between acid and basic mild steel? Compare mild steel with cast iron and state in an engine
where each is used. Why is open hearth steel preferred to bessimer steel?
REF:OCT87 REF:OCT89
REF:NOV89 REF:MAR86
REF:NSD7
G131. Enumerate the factors that should be considered when choosing between a sand-casting
process and a die-casting process. Describe with aid of a sketch the sand-casting process
showing the pattern in the flask and the names of the parts.
REF:NSA2
G132. Give the physical make up and properties of metals for the following:
b) exhaust valve
c) crankshaft
REF:JUN90 REF:NSH9
G133. Compare the advantages of forged and built-up crankshafts with special reference to the
magnitude of the stresses in the cranks. How would you check the deflections by means of a dial
gauge through one revolution of the shaft? How are the readings obtained interpreted? How is
weardown measured?
REF:NSE6
G134. You are appointed Chief Engineer of a 20 year old ship and are required to carry out an
extensive survey of teh main propelling machinery. State what defects you would expect to find
and what corrective measures you would take.
REF:NSB1
REF:FEB80 REF:NSJ2
G136. How would you know if there were cracks in cylinder heads or liners. What would you
do?
REF:JAN87
G137. A several year old steel ship has been laid up for some time and is going into drydock for
inspection of the double bottom tank. state the precautions you would take. What would you
expect to find?
REF:APR91
G138. Any proposal to operate a machinery space in the periodically unattended condition must
be taken into account the danger of fire, flooding and failure of supervisory equipment. Describe
how possibility of the latter two hazards may be minimized, detected and brought to the attention
of the designated watch keeper.
REF:JUN90
G139. Give a reasoned statement as to why pre-heating of a lubricating oil is very advantageous
with respect to a centrifugal purifier. Explain why an extreme pressure oil and similar lubricants
can only be purified in a clarifier.
REF:NOV88 REF:DEC88
G140. Give reasoned concerns you would have when the clutch slips on a lube oil purifier other
than the problem of overheating.
REF:APR91
G141. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of dynamic separation and static separation
disregarding time. Why is a centrifugal separator not suitable for a bilge and ballast system?
What governs and limits the discharge overboard?
REF:OCT89 REF:NOV89
G142. Describe a bilge system suitable for a ship with cellular double bottoms. By means of a
simple sketch, show the positions of pumps, manifolds, suctions, etc.
REF:NSB7
G143. Describe in detail a manifold and valves for a bilge suction system. Name the materials
used and explain how a pipe is led through a watertight bulkhead.
REF:NSI9
G144. Describe a bilge pumping system for a cellular double-bottom ship. With the aid of a line
diagram, show all suction manifolds and compartments.
REF:NSC5
G145. Describe an arrangement for filling and discharging ballast and double bottom tanks.
What types of valves are used and why? Sketch a typical system. State the size of piping and
pump capacity. Name the materials used.
REF:NSG6
G146. Discuss the advantages of dynamic separation of oil over static separation other than
time. What part does the cylinder rotor with cone shaped discs play in the separation
process?
REF:OCT88 REF:DEC88
REF:MAR92
G147. With regards to lube oil purifier, explain why a large number of conical discs are fitted in
the purifier.
REF:NOV89
G148. Discuss with reasons the one statement that is not correct regarding oily water separators.
G149. Sketch and describe the function and operation of an oily water separator. What are the
penalties for polluting harbour waters?
REF:NSC9
c) give 2 reasons why oil might be carried over with the water
REF:MAR91
G151. Why are baffle plates, coagulator positive displacement rotary pumps and not centrifugal
pumps used with oily water separators
REF:MAY91
G152. With reference to fire or explosion explain the significance of the following properties of
a flammable gas:
a) vapor pressure
b) explosive limits
c) flash point
d) density
G153. Define viscosity and flashpoint. State suitable numbers for lube oil.
REF:JAN87
G154. What would be the effects of water contamination of fuel oil and lubricating oil?
Describe a test for detecting the presence of water in oil. Discuss methods of separating water
from oil.
REF:86;87;88 REF:NSJ5
G155. What impurities are found in lubricating and fuel oils. What effects do these impurities
have on a diesel engine?
REF:JUN83
a) acidity
c) water leakage
G157. State why the temperature of lubricating oil supplied to an engine needs close control.
Sketch and describe an arrangement and explain the principle of operation of instrumentation
and control equipment for automatically maintaining the temperature of lubricating oil supplied
to an engine at its desired value.
a) lubricating oil
b) diesel oil
c) fuel oil
REF:DEC88
a) gasoline
b) diesel
c) boiler fuel
d) lubricating oils
REF:NSH2
a) lube oil
b) fuel oil
c) heavy oil
What are the various tests made to a sample of fuel oil? Why are they made?
REF:NSD4
G161. What is air? What is combustion? Is it chemical or mechanical? What part does it play
in combustion?
REF:NSI4
G162. Describe a submersible pump for a passenger ship. State the materials used and its
capacity.
REF:JAN87
G163. Describe a submersible pump. What connections are fitted to one and how is is
controlled?
REF:NSD5
G164. Describe in detail an independent feed pump. Explain how the valve gear works and how
it is adjusted.
REF:NSF3
REF:NSH6
G166. Make a three point comparison of the characteristics of centrifugal pumps with those of
positive displacement rotary pumps. Suggest with reasons the type of pump most suited in each
of the following instances:
G167. Sketch and describe a rotary type variable oil delivery pump as used in an electro-
hydraulic steering gear. Describe the pumping action. What would happen if it ran for a long
period of time without any pumping action taking place?
REF:NSC1
G168. Sketch and describe a pump other than of the reciprocating centrifugal or gear type.
Suggest one shipboard application for which it might be best suited.
G169. Explain why a simple centrifugal type pump is unsuitable for bilge pumping duties.
Sketch and describe how a centrifugal pump can be rendered suitable for such duties.
G170. Give a simple explanation of the nature and effect of cavitation in rotodynamic pumps.
Describe with sketches a supercavitating pump. State the purpose of such a pump and give an
instance of current shipboard application.
REF:AUG87
G171. Explain why the performance of a centrifugal sea water circulating pump 'falls off' in
service. State two ways in which this 'fall off' is indicated. Describe how the pump may be
restored to its original performance.
REF:FEB91 REF:MAY91
G172. State how a keyless propeller is mounted and removed. Give 2 advantages of this type
over a keyed propeller.
REF:JAN90 REF:MAY90
G173. How is a spare blade fitted to the hub of a built-up propeller? How is the blade adjusted?
REF:NSJ5
G174. Sketch and describe a pilgrim nut for securing a propeller to the screw shaft. Describe
how this device is used to loosen the propeller on the shaft when removal or inspection becomes
necessary. Give four (4) reasons why this method is considered to be superior to all other
methods.
REF:NSA6
G175. Describe the procedure for removal of a propeller shaft. Describe an inspection of the
propeller shaft. Give several reasons for the increased frequency between withdrawls of
tailshafts for inspection purposes.
REFMAR92
G176. Describe how you would withdraw a propeller shaft and state what examination of the
shaft and stern tube you would make, describing any defects you might expect to find. If the
shaft was found to be grooved near the after end, show how you would determine the reduced
horse power at which it would be safe to run the engine.
REF:NSF2
G177. Sketch and describe a method adopted to enable the tail end shaft of a twin-screw vessel
to be drawn out from the stern. State size of shaft.
REF:NSJ8
G178. Explain why it is advisable to examine propeller shafts at regular intervals of time.
Describe an examination of a solid shaft that is carried in a wood lined, water cooled bearing.
G179. Why are shaft coupling bolts a press fit in their holes and not a clearance fit. What would
you look for during an inspection of these bolts.
REF:MAR92
G180. Sketch and describe a fluid coupling as used with a prime mover. Why are these
couplings fitted?
REF:NSB8
G181. Sketch and describe a system for indicating remotely the propeller shaft speed. Explain
how, with the system selected, inaccuracies occur and are kept to a minimum.
G182. Name three materials that propellers are made from. What are the advantages and
disadvantages (if any) of each of these three materials. A vessel is in dry-dock; explain how
you would measure the propeller pitch.
REF:OCT89 REF:NOV89
REF:NSB3
G183. Make a single line sketch and describe a simple control system for a C.P. propeller .
Describe the "fail safe" device.
REF:OCT88 REF:NOV89
G184. You are in a foreign port without docking facilities. Your propeller is damaged beyond
repair. Describe how you change propeller (vessel having main machinery amidships)
REF:FEB91 REF:NSH8
G185. With reference to main refrigeration plant give a reason for each of the following
operational irregularities and state how it is dealt with:
b) gradual "fall off" in the refrigeration effect over a comparative short period of time
REF:NOV88
REF:MAR86 REF:APR91
G187. Describe a CO2 system of refrigeration stating the temperatures and pressures in the
various parts of the system and the materials used for pipes, valves, and gauges. State
REF:JAN87 REF:NSF5
G188. Why is ammonia a good refrigerant? Describe the operations of an ammonia system.
What produces the low temperature in cold rooms? How is oil and air removed from the
system? Give disadvantages of ammonia.
REF:NSG1
G190. Describe with a sketch how piston rod glands are fitted on an ammonia or CO2
refrigerating machine. What prevents the refrigerant from leaking by?
REF:NSI5
G191. Sketch and describe a refrigerating system with which you are familiar, giving all
temperatures and fittings.
REF:NSC4 REF:NSE1
G192. Sketch and describe a refrigerating system you are familiar with, giving pressures and
temperatures. How would you charge such a system? How would you know when the system is
fully charged?
REF:NSH3
G193. Describe an air conditioning system for a passenger-car ferry. Explain in detail how the
humidity of the air is measured and controlled.
REF:DEC89 REF:NSA7
G194. A pneumatic controlled reducing valve controls the oil pressure to an engine. Tell where
the valve is placed in the system, and how it operates with the aid of a sketch.
REF:MAY90
G195. Describe with sketches a centralized cooling system incorporating plate type heat
exchangers. Explain the purpose of this system and how it is achieved.
G196. Describe and emergency electrical generation plant making particular reference to:
a) starting arrangements
c) fuel supply
d) attention required
e) location
REF:DEC89
G197. Describe a pneumatic control and electric-mechanical control system. What are the
requirements with respect to service. What are the main faults with each system?
REF:JUN90
G198. Describe with the aid of a sketch the activating equipment for a ship's stabilizer. What
advantage or disadvantage has the folding type of stabilizer fin have over the axial withdrawable
type.
REF:NSA3
REF:DEC88
G200. Explain how the Prevention of Oil Pollution Act 1971 affects the normal operational
practices conducted within shipboard machinery spaces. Describe:
b) documentation involved
REF:NOV89 REF:MAY90
G201. Describe an arrangement of cocks and valves to prevent a deep tank from being
inadvertantly filled with water when used for cargo or vice-versa. What are the disadvantages of
having these tanks only partially filled when in ballast?
REF:MAY88 REF:NSE2
G202. A ship is engaged in filling the double bottom and deep tanks with fuel explain and
describe:
REF:FEB91 REF:NSA8
G203. What gases are present in oil tanks after pumping out? How would you remove these
gases and what are the dangers of these gases?
REF:NSB6
G204. What gases are found in an oil tank after pumping out? How would you rid the tank of
these gases and make it safe to enter? What precautions are taken near oil tanks and what could
result from the presence of gases in empty tanks?
REF:NSD6
G205. Why and where are vents fitted to oil tanks? Why is it necessary to fit a gauze to the end
of these vents. State the gauze material and indicate how they are secured.
REF:NSI2
G206. The Great Lakes Sewage Pollution Prevention Regulations expressly forbids the
contamination of these waters by raw sewage from ships. Using sketches describe 2 entirely
different methods available for dealing with raw sewage so as to comply with the intent of this
regulation.
REF:NSA1
G207. On a diesel engine crankshaft, explain what torsional vibration and critical speed means.
What are the dangers of running at a critical speed. How can these be reduced or eliminated.
REF:DEC90
G208. Discuss what would be the best way repairs would be made by way of building up by
weld, cropping or installing new plate for the following:
c) a puncture of a large area of plate bulkhead near the bow under the hawse pipe.
REF:DEC89
G209. State if you would repair by cropping, building up or renewing on the following:
c) plating at waterline
REF:DEC88 REF:MAY90
G210 More questions like these can be found on Martin's Marine Engineering Page, click to
www.dieselduck.net.
G210. Describe the electric-welding process. State how the materials are prepared for this
process. Describe the tests that are carried out to the weld of a material of an important nature.
REF:NOV88 REF:APR91
G211. Explain welding techniques. Where is this technique used on hull, boiler and machinery
repairs. What precautions would be taken.
REF:JAN87 REF:MAY91
G212. Describe a method of electric welding suitable for use on board ship. Name the parts
which can be welded.
REF:NSC3
G213. Sketch and describe a waste heat boiler with oil burning capicities. What mountings are
required. What are the advantages of this type of boiler. Sketch an outline of boiler showing
path of exhaust gas.
REF:JUL88 REF:DEC88
G214. Sketch and describe a high lift safety valve. State the materials it is made of. What is the
advantage of this type of valve.
REF:JAN87 REF:JUN88
REF:JUN91
G215. Explain the causes and effects and how they could be remedied for the following
conditions in a small auxiliary boiler:
a) insufficient air
b) excess air
REF:MAR83
G216. Describe with the aid of a sketch the operation of a CO2 recorder. Explain with reference
to combustion, how to interpret the reading. What is the cause of:
a) black smoke
G217. Sketch and describe a flash type distillation plant. Describe the precautions taken to
ensure the water is fit for drinking purposes.
REF:97
G218. Explain why the fuel supply to the burners of a periodically unattended auxiliary boiler
automatically cut-off in the alarm condition for low and a high water level, high steam pressure,
air failure and flame failure. Describe how and when you could safely test these devices.
REF:MAR87
G219. Describe a reverse system for a set of H.F.O. engines (slow speed). Sketch cams.
REF:JUN88 REF:MAR87
b) steam turbines
c) gas turbines
d) direct diesels
e) reduction-geared diesels
f) turbo-electrics
g) diesel-electrics
h) controllable-pitch propellers
REF:NSJ4
G221. If marks resembling flaws were noticed in a shaft of a crank pin, what tests wyould you
prefer to see if it is suitable for use? What would cause the flaws?
REF:MAR87
G222. Compare steam triple expansion to diesel engine. State thermal effeciency of each
REF:MAR87
G223. Draw cards - 4 stroke diesel why? and light spring. State temperatures and pressures.
REF:MAR87
G224. Lubricating - through a water space. Position in relation to rings when injection occurs.
How is the gas pressure prevented from entering oil lines.
REF:MAR87
G225. Sketch and describe a diesel-electric propulsion system. Mention advantages and
disadvantages.
REF:JUN88
G226. Draw an indicator diagram and describe it. Why are drawcards taken and sketch one
REF:JUN88
REF:JUL88 REF:JUN88
G228. Sketch and describe a lub oil system for a large diesel engine.
REF:JUN88
G229. Describe a 2 and 4 stroke diesel process and from what engine is the valve timing?
REF:JUL88
G230. Should you find a flaw on a diesel engine crankshaft when inspecting it, explain the tests
done to determine the seriousness of the flaw. Give reasons how flaws can occur.
REF:JUL88 REF:DEC90
G231. Sketch and describe a 4 stroke indicator card and diagram. Mention the pressures and
temperatures.
REF:JUL88
REF:JAN87
G233. Why are fuel pump near injectors. If lines are unequal how do you balance?
REF:JAN87
G234. Sketch and describe a flywheel that would be fitted to a large marine diesel engine. Show
in the sketches how it is fitted and secured. What is the purpose of the flywheel? Recently some
engine makers have considerably reduced the size of the flywheel. Explain how this can be
done.
REF:DEC88
REF:DEC88
G236. Some piston rings are made with an eccentric shape, where the radial thickness is greatest
diametrically opposite the gap. Describe the manufacturing process of these 'eccentric' piston
rings. What advantage do these rings have over other types of piston rings?
REF:DEC88
G237. How are the cylinder lubricators fitted in a large marine diesel engine that has a water
jacket. How is thermal expansion allowed for. Where is the location of the lubricator outlet in
relation to the piston rings on the piston. Why is this position necessary?
REF:DEC88
G238. Sketch and describe a fuel pump of the Bosch (jerk) type. What are the various
components made of and how does the helical plunger control the amount of fuel injected? How
is this fuel pump driven?
REF:JUN88 REF:DEC88
REF:DEC90
G239. Describe an air starting system for a large diesel engine that is pneumatically operated.
Why is there overlap on the cams? How much overlap is required?
REF:DEC88
G240. Describe the principles and operation of a 2- stroke and a 4-stroke marine diesel engine.
Illustrate the operation of both engines with timing diagrams giving the expected angles. State
the make of the engines in both cases.
REF:DEC88
G241. Discuss advantages and disadvantages of using the following as cooling media:
a) fresh water
b) seawater
c) oil
REF:DEC90
G242. What limits the power in a cylinder of a given size. State the results if an attempt to raise
the power by injecting more fuel into the cylinder is made.
REF:DEC90
G243. On a 2- stroke diesel engine, why is a scavenge pump used? Describe an air scavenge
system using a reciprocating air pump. How is it driven. How much greater is the capacity of
the pump as required by the engine and why?
REF:DEC90
G244. Sketch the lower piston crosshead arrangement as adopted in the Doxford opposed piston
engine. How is the piston rod attached to the crosshead. and explain why this method is used.
REF:DEC90
G245. Make diagrammatic sketch of a Scotch marine boiler 3.65m diameter and 3.0m long
suitable for pressure of 1400 kPa. Put in all major sizes, such as shell and end plate thickness,
stay size, etc. and indicate various types of riveted joints used.
REF:DEC90
G246. Make a sketch of an oil-burning system suitable for use with a marine boiler.
REF:NSJ1
G247. Give a reasoned statement as to why pre-heating of a lube oil is advantagous with respect
to a centrifugal purifier. Explain why an extreme pressure or other similar oils are only cleaned
in a clarifier. Give reasons and concerns you would have when the clutch slips on an oil purifier
other than creating heat.
REF:APR91
G248. With regard to instrumentation and control what is meant by the terms:
a) set point
b) fail safe
c) fail set
d) split range
REF:APR91
REF:NSJ9
Disclaimer
Transport Canada has ask us to advise users of this webpage to keep in mind that these questions are not the exact questions found
in their exams. Martin's Marine Engineering Page - www.dieselduck.net is not affiliated with Transport Canada and these questions
have been gathered from various sources.