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awnwJmt.i hCi mhpLCibp1f uwm11w2 gnqmUCibp}l hbm liflwu}lCi: oqmwqnpattnul uU utmmqUhpn' ppm flPWG tl}lnwqmti, }luq
!O"htmlm UJ.WUlqwCinui t Jlhtmqwqajl.Ubpp (!UUlwCiflpflCi: !hfip qnqnfiCihppg L tiwmqw2 nfinJillll.Ghppg UJ.WUipwummti hfi tiwppUwq:
hhpJlwrlJtp mbpliuhp' hwpp, wmwtICiwhqp, pmp, qnqwl(np, UlWU1~wO­ Y:wUJ.wpwqajlfihpp J:!UmwCi}112p 4JrnwwliwUJ.WUlWJpCi pmJU l,
wwwutiwfi l}lwnml_: !ltfip tiwCip majnnwq qwu 4wCiwiw11ll11Uwtl_mCi tiniwJunm}l Ciuwfi mwpwm.twa t wuhfimphp: Y:}luwpml}l t' l}lntlwo
awajlqUhp: pwquwp}ltl gnqmliCibpntl, bpqwp, upli~L 3u: SbpLCihpJ:! qnzm bu'
!lpnz mhuwqubp qbqwpmJubp bu: "lwutplUuutmljlihpn lfl.zwfit.iwCi mbphw4}lgfihpn4: tlwilfl41! uUJ.Pmruq t qwti pwg
oqmwqnpanu.l hCi mnmgpGhpp, mnwUfll2uwwrrti12wJjlCi tlwpqwqmJfi: <llmnum hruqwqpp O.t{woL, pwqtiwuhpti, qwptipwt{mU
hJnlrnCiqmpJmCiCihp}l qtuwhpmu: tip2m4ntl hwmwUJ.UIDLil t:
tfwntfwlllilzlm (Cichorium intybus) (U4 .19) flWl wp l}..hqwpntJU t, UUJ.wummti t U3wpqruJpCi hwtiruqwpqp
nfiaJntll.Cihpn, gnqmfifihpCi Ill mhpliCihpn oqmwqnpbnu.t LCi UUCi'llt ut.i2' wnnq2wgtiwUn: liJU / UwL tibqprumm pntJU t:
npUJ.bU wqgwCi, wptiwmUhpI!' IlpUJ.hU ump6p(i qm}uwp}lCinq li}l2ng: flq/iUJ{l//u/1// (Echinops) (fiq.22) - mrupwotJ.wo l wuhCimpb:p'
c
tiwp6wmmqn wumqwmuqqwqqpCibpp i!ChnwCi}lp}l pwqliwt'iJW l np, pwppwpnm tlru3phpmti, mmmti bu pntJUP «qt.JupqCibpp
funmwpOLJU t: Unmu t wubfimpbp: Bnqmfin qwCiqmCi l. 4hppCi u}l2mlJ.CihpJ:!»:
!lwumu 63mqwtJ.nptJ.nq, wptiwmn' hwum L }llltqwc\L: tlwq4wpillJU! !lqCiwqt.Ju}lqp wmnqruowqqwqajlUhp}l nCimwUppp pwqtiwtiJru
qwt.ipJillll t, 0-wajiqCibpl! bpqCiwqntJU b(i qwti pwg 4WUIIllJUl: JunmwpmJu t: 5nqmGn 63mqwtlnpt{nq t , 20-100 uti pwpapmp3wup,
'1-bqwpm3u t: "lwmpwummqCihJll! oqmwqnpbnul bli nputhu mhpLfihpn l}l.2nm hCi: t>wqqwpntJU! qwtipJntll t' lutipt[wa qUqwaL
1h11_tutimq, ti}lqtutimq tip2ng, lfl.npqwutmpJwU L WJl 11bU112Lpnu\: awqqwqwtll t{pw h qwqtimti t qCiqwaL qt.Ju}lq: t>wajlqUhpn
Uptimmn mUp 6U2nuin Ji2hgUn11_ hwmqmpJmU: hpqCiwqm3Ci b(i qwti ulajlmwqwt{mfi:
Uh1Jblun (Falcaria vulgaris) (Ciq.20)- pUwq~mpjwCi qnqupg '1-hqwpmJu t, llf.WpmCiwqmu t witiwin}lqCibp, qwm~m4 L WJtCi:
uppt{tuO- L 1w3Cinphfi oqmwqnpITT.lnq pm3uhp}lg t' 2Cinph}ltl PP hpwzwtli Oqmwqnpb-tlmti t npUJ.bu t.ipqwunlll L ppmCiwpbp up2ng, CiwL
hwt'ip li Uutwummu t UWJlllilt wqbumwunpuwJpCi hwumqwpqp uw2qruJpfi h}ltJ.wCiqntpJmCiCibp}l pmcttiw(i hwtiwp:

18 19
 Uba pwUwl{mpJwlip oqmwqnpO-mu hU Uwh brlfttipo (Urtica), zUnphpll Junqhqpfi2wqqpUhpp t!Umwfippp UhpqwjwgmgP.2fihpt!
ZflG2l! (Eremurus robustus), 11wfidft!Jl (Allium victorialis), hwlfwljwuiw- LWJfinphfi oqmwqnpbl.lmu hfi n2 upwJfi ufiUajl, WJL CiwL mUmhumpJwfi
Pl! (Amaranthus), hnlfr/wlfWI[W/u!J (O-mwU1w2wp) (Capsclla bursa mwpphp pfiwqw4wnfihpmu: Upwfig oho uwuU oqmwqnp0-4mu t CiwL
pastoris), 2m2wfipwfif!Wpfl, lfwOl]w/jfl (Chaerophyllum aurcum, Ch. qpmwqwfi pctzqmpJWfi Uh2, nplllhu qhqwpntju:
bulbosum), l/Jj11jJbppfl (Malva neglecta, M. silvestris). pnzpwlfbui <!.wJwumwfinui wl'.inq hwuhtlmUpwJP.Ci 4WJJ1P pmJuhppg hfi
fibjunipfl (Iuwpwmq), (Apium graveolens), l)WliI}nl.11[! (Portulaca), UwL t/WJflfl unju]l (Ul{.23), ujuwnp]l (IJw(fdjJ/) pwql.fwp]ltf wliuwlj{jfjpf!,
wlfbzm/j[l (Rumex crispus), 0-fibpbljfl (Asparagus), ppptipnz/j[! (Rumex npnap nz(fli(f Lfw(fptwuUJwu hwwljmp1mu, wuftunuf!, plitinuf!,
acetosa), ,l}l!J.IJIPJJJ/u[l(Spinacea) L WJtfi: Lfwuwulifuf!, ppl/ftlff!, pppml.ff!, l/Jpl}lpm/jf!, ljul/ftl/J, upnhnzuIJf! L WJL~ ·
OtumtHiwultpntpJmfifihpt! gntJ9 hfi unlh\, np wulaCiw2wm Cum U.<Tl. I"\.wUajluwfip L U.lT. .PwpuhI1JwUp [9] m4JwtUhpp,
mmhl}l pmuwmhuwqfihp llllllPmfiuil{mu t wumqwbwq4wqqf1Cil.tpp 4tp2P.U mwuUwliJwl{Utpmu <!.wJwumwfip mwpwO-pmu
(Asteraceae) t!fimwUP.pt!, npt! upLUntJfi ctwuwfiw4 wn>P. t ~filt_Umu pwgwhwJmtltt hfi 100-pg wtlhtll Unp, hwqtlwqjntlll pmuwmhuwl{fihp,
ghqwJP.fi pwquwqwfimpJwlip' juwwmuihlj (Taraxacum), ljwpfimlj npnfigpg 2wmtpn mmhijl L hwuhumUpw3pU ta, wUhpwcth2m t upwJfi
(Lactuca), hwzl,,npnzlj (Senecio), lfwplfwl!J:llz/j, uftfid (Tragopogon). ljwn uwUpwqUpU mumufimuppntpjntfiUtp qwmwpht U1Wpqhtm 11J1Wfig
(Onopordum) L WJtfi: lllflmwUpmpJwU 2wlJln L oqmwqnpMwU ntnpmUtpt!:

~UUbUilFW2U8P'U.Pfi~8UbP 8fi1'Ll.USfi~~fi~5UbP

<!.wJl{wqwU Junhwungp wqqwJpU qhpwqmpULp[! uf12m UUUaji uh2 oqmwqnpbl.lnq 4wJPP :PtnpwJp pm3uhppg hU UwL
hwuhiitltt tCi tuuhfiwmwp- JntqwmmUhpt!, npnfip octm4wO- hfi uCiCiqwpwp L pmctp2
ptp hnmw4tm pmJuhpn4: U3u pmJuhplt mwpphp opqwUCil.tpmu hwmqmpJmUUhpntl: 5ntqwutm pmJuhppg hCi ljuiwlfwwl! (Linum),
qmmwl{tlmli hfi ump hwliml L qwUwqwu pmpumUpntl opqwUwqwU ljwfibl/Jl! (Cannabis), unpntlj[l (Camelina), lfwfiwfibJul! (Sinapis),
UJmptp, npnfig 2CinphP.tl lt oqmwqnpatl_mu tu mmL1J1Pfl qwu Lf11]uwfil! (Hippophae rhamnoides) (Ciq.24), 11w2JuwljuiwlfwUJ[l
t!UU1ttl112t! hwuhlittm hwuwp: (Lallemantia), qwpft U"unJft.lJl! (Carthamus), JuwffeW2l! (Papaver) L WJL
fi11uihu hwUtumGpwJltG pmuwmbuw4GbJ:1 wnwqbt hwJmUlt mtuwqfihp:
hG pmqhqpU2wqqpUtpp (Lamiaceae) f!Umw(ippp UhpltwJwgmgp~fihpf!:
.PntnpU lt LWJU mwpwO-mu mfihgnq pmuwmhuwqfibp liCi' mpg fil-SblJl. Ul,4:bP.
(Thymus), l)WI[d (Mentha), jufiljwbwlzftlj (Origanum), blJbUUJW/j <!.wJwumwfimu hwJmUwphptlht t unm 300 mhuwqp. mmhijl
(Salvia), junzz brzftfip (Lamium), wpbr]wjunui (Stachys), mpgWl)WI[d umaq, nppg uwqw3a oqmwqnpb-tlmu t unm 10-n: .PUwlt2mp3wfi
(Ziziphora), ljwUJr/Wl)WI[d (Nepeta), ljnppftfi (Saturea), UJWU1pftfiPl! ltnqupg CiwJut!Umptl}l ta LWJfi mwpwO-mu L pwpop uUCiqwJpfi wpcth12
(Melissa). nbhwfinzpg[l (Acinos) L WJtfi: bptpwjntqbplt wnlt_wJntpjwU mUhgnq hhtnLJWL mhuwl{Citp{!' uUJftuiwlj unzfilj (Boletus edulis),

20 21
wljwOpwun10lj unl/npwljwO (Pleurotus ostreatus), ;wrIUJft.OjmO tiftpwOliOft (Armeniaca vulgaris) (Ciq.25)- UJ.mmqCihpf! ruwp hfi
11liqfimu hwuwJ}lfi, ufiCiqruJpfi h pmct}l~ pwpQ.p hwmqwCi}lzCihpntl,
unqnpwljwO (Agaricus campestris), ;wrIUJft.OjmO /JpljuUJnpwqnp (A.
ll[Wpmfiwijmu hfi zwprupCihp, opqwCiwqwfi ppmfihp, A tl}lmruu}lfi,
bisporus), JnUJwun10lj hwuiftljwl/np (Suillus granulatus), 1/JUJftucnw
;wqwOwljwqm;O ncnftljnl/ (Lepista personata), ;liljlftlj (Lactarius uhpuhpf!' l'.iwpUJ.hp, ull.J.Pmwijmgfihp h WJLCi: Oqmruqnpbtlmu t pwpu h
Ljhpruuzruqtl_wb" tl}ll'.iwijmu (~pp, qnUUJ.nm, umprupw, hJntJl, 2tu,
deliciosus):
U}Iltl}l.IJ:l_Il h WJtCi): <!_WJ pptuqtufiillJlJWfi Uh2 4tipwnwqwfi pwpQ.p

"ll.UBPti "lS'lUSffl""t.,bP. wpcth12 t mfihght fiwh b"ppwCihfim pCiwlliWJUl{!, «t)}lpwfi}l llinq»

<!.tuJtuUmwfif! ~tulliruqwfig hrupmum t Ciruh tltuJp}l litJ.wqwpwfi UJ.wmpwumhtm hwowp:

UJ.Ull\tummCihpml' 16 f!UmtuCi}lp}l zmp2 130 mhuwq, ijwu t)ppwfihfipfi qwJll}wqq}lfihpp {!fimwfi}lpp UJ.Ull\WUlnt b"wn t,

bumwmhuwijCihp}l unm 40%-n: -'1-pwCig}lg wnwtlht wpcthpwqnp bu np}l pwp6pmpJmCin hwufimu t 6-12u-}1: t)wqpqfihp[! uUJ.Pmwq ijwu

Umn 50-{!: Ubb" pqnq qWJJlP UJ.Ull\WUlntCihp UJ.WmijwCimu hCi pwg itrupqruqmJCi hCi: "lmmqn uunm, hJmpwt}1 ijnppqtuUJ.Ulilll\ t,
mwppbp 61.thp}l h uhb"ntpjwCi' 20-120q:
qwJll}wqq}lCihp}l (Rosaceae) nUmrufi}lppCi:
t)}lpwfihfim htujphfi}1}2J! <!.WJWUUlWUfi t: q.wnfip}l h
'-lwJPP UJ.mqwmmfibp}lg bfi'
Chfiqwtl}lp}l ui.tqmufihp}l orut\rufiw4 hwJmfiruphptlht hfi b"}lprufi}l
lftlfuwOfl (Hippophae rhamnoides) (fiq.24), np}l UJ.Ull\WhJntJlf!
ijnppqfihp, npnfip mfihCi unm 6000 mwptl_ru hfimpJmfi: trzruijmpJwfi
UJ.WJllltfiwijmu t zruptupfibp, ppmfihp, JnlllhJl, pfi~UJ.hu Ciwh C, E,P,K,
Bl, B2 tl}lmruupfifihp: "lmmqfihp{! qphmp4 uCimfiq hfi, oqmruqnpb"l\mu hfiruqmJfi 02wfufihp hfi fiwh OpCiwumruCiJ! h U}l£}1fi Uu}lrufi: DppwfiJ!

hfi JltuJlU h qhpruuzruqqwb" tl}lnwijmu (urunhgprub", umpwpru, 4PubL mfip 8 tlWJJlP h 300-pg wtl_ht ozwqntl}l unpm: <!,<!,-mu uzwqtl_nu.i t 50

qnUUJ.IlUl, UJ.IltlPIJ:tn, upqwhjillJl, q}lCi}l, ppooqp h WJtfi): lmp}lqfihppg unpm:

umwfimu hCi zrum wpcthpwqnp Jmq: <t>;wcn/JOft (Elaeagnus angustifolia) (fiq.26) - UJ.mmqCihp[!

Op~fuwfif! UJ.WmijwCimu t llizwmwqqpfihp}l {!fimwfi}lppfi: UJ.WJlntCitulj_ntU h(i zruptupfihp, opqwCiruqtuCi JlJlillfihp, uUJ.Pmrulj_ntgfihp,

~wpQ.pmpJntCi{! u}l.Cith 1011 t, 6Jnll\hJll! lliznm hCi, wpb"wpwqntJfi:

qwt}1muruqwfi h :pnu:pnpwqrufi wqhp: <l>zwmJ! hwurupqmu t
twlliruqwfig ufifiqwpwp uphpp: fitCi}l Ciwh pmct}l~ hrumlJ.IllJlJillfifihp,
"lmmqn hJmpwl.}1 fiwpu2wqmJfi, qwpopwqmCi, qfiqw61.t qwu
tl}IUJ.UtuUl.t, l'.ijntl\hJlpU l.J.UJ.Wb" qnp}lqtuUJ.Ulilll\ t: oqmruqnpbmu hfi umwunpuwwqppwJ}lfi h}ltlwCiqmpJmfifihpp

<!.<!.-mu hwCiq}lUJ.ntU t u}lwJCi ohij' ~}l~wfi qcJCipqwCiowCi ctwurufiruij: <t>zwmbfim bwqpqCihp}lg umrugqnq Jmqfi oqmwqnpbtl_mu
t ob"wfiht}1p}l rupmwqpmpJwCi ctwurufiwq: q.tqwqrupajl~ t h
mbutuq{!: Swprub"l\wb" t UJmCipp}l, '-lwJng Q.np}l, q.hqwppmCipp}l
(UhwCiw tl'.ip 2Jlhp}lg wqwmtltub hnqwqpmfimCibpmu) uwpqhpmu h UbllJlWUlnt:

WJtntJl: Ul'.imu t funCiwtl qtuJphpmu: <l>zwmhCi}lfi llizwmwqq}lfihp}l nfimwfi}lp}lfi ui.wmijwfinq b"wn t,

O}l~fuwfin rufimwnhnqrupwphtwtlnq pwp6pwpahp pmJu t : np}l pwp6JllllJlJntfif! hwufimu t t\}1.Cith 10 t\hmpp: 4hqhi!

liJfi Ciwh fihpijwmm pntJU t hwowpqmo: ijwpupruqwptfiwqmfi t, {!fi6Jmqfihpf!' uajlmruq-rupb"wpwlliwn:

22 23
fllumum qnp}lqunqumll\ t, tiwUp, bpqwpwqmU, qtwUwoL., uwzlJ.1:!'
CCiqmqbCipCi f!CilJ.mqwq<lflCibpp t!CitnwCippp Junznp awn t, tipCi2L.
pwpwq, PIWWUliwU, tlJ.wJtntCi, qwp2UwqntJU, zwqwUwqwqntJU qtuti
301\ L. wtlhlit pwpopntpJwilp: fllmmq{! qnppqwtqmmq t, qbqL.tf
qwn qwptipp: flltnqwti}luf! wwwUtiwCi t, 12wqgp hwtiml:
lf!WJtnWgwa, wptnwppCipg awaqtlwa qwCiw2, hjnt}}Wllt tqWtnJWCintJ.:
<l>zwmbUpU 2npw-, wqw-, gpmw- L qwqwajltiwgqmU t,
Swpwaqwa t Swtlmzp, Lnnm, Upwpwmp, '-lwJng onpp, U JntCippp L.
qptiwCimti t UntjU}luq WJU tlwJpbpnuX, npmbq tiUwgwa PDLDP awnb[lf!
WJL tiwpqbpmti:
n2Ci2wumti bCi a}upg m tlGmuwqwp qwqbppg: Swpwatlwa t Uquft (iutnl'.i-Crataegus o)(yacantha) (Ciq.27) - mCip Junznp,
Uptiwtl.tipp, Upwpwtnp, '-lwJng anpp, UjntUpJ2p, 4ntnw]12p L. WJL
hwtibq L. oqmwqwp tqmmqCibp, npnU12 oqmwqnpamti bCi pwpti L.
tiwpqbpmti:
uzwqi.J.wa tl.til'.iwqmti (2nptugwa, qntitqnm, qpubt, qnCiqnq, tiwptihtwq):
l!DIJmqliOft (Juglans regia) (Ciq.34) - {!CiqntJq{! Jupum
r5wl'\JlqCibp{! tqwpmCiwqmu bU bpbpwJntqbp, qn.'jlbpCiwJpCi ppmCibp L.
wpctb12wtJ.np uUUqwtipbpp t, tI_ti2mlJ.I! tqwpmUwqmti t 6wptqbp,
WJtCi, tqmmqUbpt!' Juwqnqwzw12wp, tqmqwzw12wp, JuCianpwppm,
uUJPmwqmgCibp, A,B,C,E 4ltmwupCiCibp, bpqwpp m qnpwttn}l wqb(l L.
qpCibppm, 6tuptqWJDU\hp, C 4ltmwtipU L WJtCi: fiptqbu qbqwpntJU
WJL oqmwqwp UJntpbp: liJU twtlwgCimti t hpznqmpJntU{! L.
oqmwqnpmtmti t upmwJ}lCi mwppbp hptlwUqntpJntCiCibpp ctwtiwCiwq,
i.J.bpwqwCiqCimti wnnq2mpJntG{!:
puq mbpL.Cibppg Ciwh pbJ bCi tqwmpwumnu1:
~hwumCiwgwa t!UlJ.ntJqpg tqwtnpwummti bCi timpwpm,
UqfipU tqwmqwCimu t tJ.wpqwqqflUbp}l {!CimwCipppCi: <l>znm
hwumG ubpubpf! oqmwqnpOtJ.mti bCi uCiCiqp .L. hpmzwqbqbCip
awn t qwu pmtlJ.' tipU2L 5u pwpapntpjwtip: fllmnll\Cihp{! tiwCip bCi,
wpmwqpntpJWU tib2 L. Jntll umwCiwtm hwtiwp: CCiqntJqf! pp
JuCianpwaL, qCiqwaL. qwti mwCiawaL., hJmpwt.ti, qwptipp,
lJ.wtnppwqwCintpJwtlp 8 wGqwti qbpwqwCigmti t gnpbCip hwgpCi, 11
CiwpU2wqbqUwtl_mU: SwpwOtJ.wa t qpbph wtihCimpbp: UqCipCihp{! tmtl
wCiqwti' lJ.n4lt qwppCi, 7 wCiqwti' qwpmn.'jlplitCi, 15 wCiqwti' mwCiopCi L.
bCi hwptiwptJ.mti 12wqwpp tlJ.ntn<lflwqwCi tip2wtlwJpntti, hwCiqbu
WJtCi: CCiqmJqp lqq tip2nt4.t! qwpnq t ipnJuwppCibt tibqwqwCi qq tiupCi,
pbphtntl pwpop qwqwqptiwgqntCintpjntCi L. aJuwajluwgqmfintpjntCi:
oqwCif!, qwptnn.'jlplitU, mwCiopU L. 1 t.timp lJ.n4lt qwppCi' upwupCi
'V2fJa]l (Amygdalus) (Uq.29) - ufiCiajl tib2 oqmwqnpmtmti t
tJ.bpgpwa: CGqmqbCim pntnp opqwCiCibp{! oqmwqnpmtmti bCi
uzbum qnppq{!, np{! tqwpmCiwqmti t l'.iwptqbp, pwqwfipwCijntp L WJtCi:
ctnqni.J.pqwqwfi mCimbuntpJwU mwppbp pUwqwqwnfibpmti: OppUwq,
q.npawatlmti t fiwh hpmzwqbqbfip, qbqwqnpantpjwCi L. oawCiblitpp
hwum(i tqtnl'\Jl qbqhf! oqmwqnpamti bCi qpCiwtipm, wqmpi.J.wgwa
wpmwl}Jlnt}}JWCi pGwqwtl_wnmti: PctzqntpJwCi ub2 oqtnruqnpai.J.mti t
wam}u L tqwpwptnwCiJnt}} umwUwtm hwtiwp: SbpL.Ubp}lg, qbqhpg,
ZWJ2WpwJump, WI'\JlJ2WJpfi hptJ.wfiqntpjntCifibpp ctwuw(iwq, nptqbu
qwfiw2 tqwtnJwCipg umwUmu bU wqwqwCiJmpbp, zwqwUwqwqntJU
hwqwl'.ipfitltuJpCi tip2ng L. tuJtfi: "Uzpg umwUmu bCi fiwL JOU\: 4hqL{!
Cibpq, bpbpwJDU\hP (mUp ti}12wmwutqwCi hwmqntpJntU): fitUp zwm
oqmwqnpamti bG <lflUm-qnCiJwqp wpmwl}Jlnt}}JwCi tih2, pCiwtlJ.wJmt!'
wpctbpwqnp pCiwtlJ.wJm, npU tt bppbUCi awnwhwmtiwCi tqwmnwn t
qnpap12Cibp umwCiwtm hwtiwp:
qwnCinu1: Ubqpwmm t:
"UzhCipCi tqwmqwfimti t tJ.wpqwq<lflCibpp {!CimwCip12pCi:
Qnpwajltiwgqmfi awn t qWtl }}nttP' 3-6ti up2pfi pwpopnti)JWtlp:

24
25
 t5turij14_uhp{! tun2np hG, Ullllnnw4_ 4_wt1 4_tupqwqmJft: lllmmrm 4lnnu~nn UfifiqwjpO. fi2wfiw4_ntJ}JWU tlruJPp LllUlfltummGhppg hfi O.tuL
Ll.JtUIDJwftml 4_nppqtuutmntr) t: SwpwUt.Iwa l 4nmruJpp, Swt!m2p, ljlitJWUbOftO (Cerasus) (Ul].30), ubpljL}l[bOftO (Cydonia) (G4_.36), pqbOftO
Uptuqwonmup, UJmuppp, q._h11wppmuppp owpqhpmu, wnmu t (Ficus), 2Wqw0wqb0ft0 (Castanea), pw[bOftO (Cerasus), jumprfwO,
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PmpopntpjntU{! upG~L 20t\ t, lllUillUPPI!' LWJU ppqwO.L, owl1}14_0.hp{!' npnfig tmt[wqmJO. mhmu4_Ghpp tu6mu h(i lnnm, SLUtlnt2P L UJmGpp}l
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28 29
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V. PROTECTED LANDSCAPE/SEASCAPE- 5tuumpmJpfi L. 2flWJpfi 380000hw, Ltwt'i <.<. mwpwbp]l unm 13,07o/o-l}:
LWU112.tU~JU1Ubpp l4lUhl4wfimpJmfi , nhltphtugpw: P<.lllS-bpmu utwhl4mGt.lmll bG hwGpwuthmmpJwG ~tnptuJp L
VI. MANAGED RESOURSE PROTECTED AREA - l.iwmut.J.tupt.J.nll ~wmGmJp mbuwLtwJpG Ltmqup 60%-1!, npnGg pt.Jmu hmqt.ltuqJmm,

nbump uGbpnt.J. l4 whl4wGt.Jnq m tuptuopfihp nhumpuGhp}1 wfihbmmguwG t.lmmfiqp bGpwpl[t.lwb L. tGqhU mhuwltfibpp qhptutunnq
]u(ituJnqwLttuG oqmwqnpmuu: uwul!, pfil_l4bu umL. t.lwJpp qhGbmp4 nbumpufibpl}:
<!,tUJlUllllllUUp pfintpjWU htuutmlt ttttuhnttuGt.lnll mwpwapubp}!
(P<.IllS), hpltpll hwpmum lthfiuwpwqthuqtuGmpJmfi]lg pwgp., Ltnit.J.wa
bfi ntwhtttwGhtm wnw(iouwhtummlj GzwGtuqmpJmfi mGhgnq

48 49
 JLUfi2lippG, Uqwm u q_bqft qhmhJlp mtjwqmfiGhpnu\, bmjp
t.lwlthpLmJppg 700-2800u pwp6pmpJtufi tlrw (filj.51 ):
ITlhmwlJ.wfi qllmwl.J.wfi, U;uwl:i!J UJWhUJwat/nuf ba 1np finupwawwnw;}la,
UJ.WUlUWUZWlJ.ntpWjpfi wp.d'hp fihp.qWJWQfilliJ. wnwfi6fiwhwumtq [JftuwwawUJWWWJfta L .'J>pftqwaw;}la zwfhuw.'j>wal:ip[! pmuwljwa L
pfiwUJ.WhUJ.wfiwlJ.wfi, qhrJ.wqllmwlJ.wfi hwmlJ.wUpzUhrm4. od'mtJ.w~ qbal]wawljwa l:iqw[Jft hwlfwljl:igmp;maabpnt/: Upqhtng[! [!fiqqpltnu\ l
up2wqqwJpfi h (l.J.wu) hwfip.wUJ.hmwlJ.wfi UzwUwlJ.mpJmfi mfihglliJ. pwpopwltwpq pmJubpp tinm 1849 mhumlt, npnGg}lg 146-[! qpwfigtlwb
mwp.wb'pfihp. hfi, np.mhrl. pfiwl.J.wfi llp2W4.WJPP qwp.qwgmufi {!fipwfintu t.fi ..!,..!, pmJuhpp 4mpu}lp qp~mu, nfiq npmu 24-1! · tuqht\Ghp:
t wnwfig uwp.rpu wfiup2wl.J.wfi up2wummp]wfi: Upqhtngmu ll{lllhll{wfitJ.mu hfi Gmh qphm L ljwqfim finup wfimwnfihpJ!
Upqhtngfihpnn'i wUctwulJ.hm u.twhll{tufimpJwfi mwq hfi (fiq.56), mwpwoll_mo hfi untJ.npwqwG hmghfipG, mpnuhGtJ.G,
tjhpgtlwo pfintpJwfi pntnp pwqwqpp~fihpu t\tuuupfi: C).pwG~ hGpwqw qntJ.qmuJlllfi gwJumqhnwu{!, pnfi~}lfi, qctfipq{!, mull!Ppwq{!, p)ultm L
~lifi mfimhuwqtufi oqmwqnpbllwfi, juum)ttl wpqbttlmd hfi npu[!, mmfiohfim mmppbp mhmultfibp:
hwmnn\Uhpu, Junmhmfion, wfituumfifibpp wpwahgntt\[!, pmJubpp «lvnupntl.P mfimwm> wpqhtll91! hwfiqpuwfinn\ t ttml.
fihpt\mbmd[!, l!lltdwJtutltupcJhgnu\fl L tUJtfi: lftupqqwjpfi ll{lllhll{lllfitlmb- pfiwqwmhll.P hwqtlwqJmm u wfihtmwgt\wfi tlmwGq}l
qnpomfihmpJntfi{! utuht\wGw4J.wqtJ.mu t ujtwJfi qpmwqwfi hfipwplttJ.wo mJGll!Pup ltbfiqmfimmhumltfihp}l hmump, pG~ll!Pu}l~ hfi'
hbmmqnmmpJmfifihpml. L 6wfiw~nqwqwfi qpnuwzp.2ntPJWUp: hmJ\!mltwfi um:t_>tnfi[!, llllllll2llltlnpmupwqwG hn4tuq{!, phqmupjtuG
lipqhtngfihpfi mfihfi qpmwqwfi hwumtumntp]ntfifibp}l ltwpqmt.lP6wq, lUJO{!, uL L Ull{}lmwqwqtmlu wfiqqfihp{l, unpmpwtjnp wpoptj{l,
fipwfig wzJuwmwGI?lJ. fitl{WllltU\!1! ll{hlllp l lltfip pfiwqwfi wfiqpltntJ.qmuJwG qnpz lllP21'l, pfillllhu fiwL tmumfi{l, tJ.mJPP junqp,
qnpbJ!Gpwgfihpp ptuqdtuqnqtim(ijt munuHituuppmpJmGn: mJOJmt\{!, qwJl[!, wqtjhu{l L WJtfi: liJqmhq ltmfi 283 mhuwlt
Cum 1994p. IUCN-p tlp2wqqtuJ}lfi qwuwqwpquwfi' nqUwzmpwtJ.np ljtfiqwfipfitp, fihpwnJWt <!,4q.-mu qpwGgtJ.wo wtJ.hllt
ll{hmwl.J.wfi wpqhtngfihp{! «lA» qwpqp ll{Whll{wfitlnq mwpwbt?fibp bfi: pmfi 50 L f!(J).UV4wpupp qp~mu qpmfigll_wo 11 tnhuwlt:
<!,<!,-mu qnpomu hfi «lvnupn4.Jt wfimwm>, «C}lltwhnrp>, tnupfituumfifihp[! GhpltwJwgtJ.mo hfi 55 mhuwqntJ., pnlmGGI:iJ1{l'
«trhpmfip» mpqhtngfihp[!, npnfig ufiqhwfimp mwpwopn 35321.80 hw 142, npnfig}lg 66-{l qpwfigll_wo hfi ..!,..!, ljwpupp qp~mu, unqmfifibpp' 30,
t (<!.<!. mwpmo~p 1,2% -n): hpqqhfigwqfitpn' 4 L 6ltfihp{l' 9 mhuwltntl:
«lunupn@ wfimwn» wpqbtngmu oJmfiwowoq bwfip 6t\lmGhpp
L<dunurmt.lP wfimwn» wp.qhtng: qtuwmu qhfiqwfipfihppG ull{wnfinn\ t J2WI191'l L tJ.tnwGqnu\ npnz
UmbqatJht t 1958p. (mmpwb-pf! 23095.5 hLU): mbuwqfihptJ. hhtnwqw qnJntpjntG{l: liJq ull{wnfiw1PJ2P9 jummutjlbJm
q.tnGtlnn\ l lipmpLUmp thupqnn\, Q.liqtudtu thnGmzqpmJfl hwuwp ljwqdwlthpll{ntU hG ltlifiqwGpGtpp 4hpwqpmu: UpqliJngnu\
hwptutjwJpG, 01-po L bptuGnu thnGwzqptufilipp hJmupu-tupLdutjtu(i wGhpwdbzm t wzfuwmwGJ;!Ghp ljwmwpht qwGjuh1nt htmlwJ1 tuJlt
Pntnp tlmtufiqfihpp, npnfi~ lJtuJ10il bG I.J.nrowuwpmp JltGl•!

50 51
UJ.WhUJ.w(h.jnq mwpwapp hwowp (hpqLhGhp La. mwphpwJpG nzwGwltmpJw"dp woLGwlttupLnpGhppg l, pwup np UJ.WhUJ.wGmu t
wqhmGhp): qWJPll hwgwqqllGhpll tqw\Ul pGwqwG qtGn:pnGq[!: Upqhtng{! qtnGI.jnu\
t 4:nmwjpp owpqmo, bpLwfipg 8-104_-d hhnwl.jnpnt}}JWU l.jpw,
«Cll4wh.rut» wpqhtng: lfmzwpmJp La. Q.hqwllllp QJntJlhpp op2h (U4.53): Q.pwttmo t 89 hw
4wqowl.jnptlht t 1958p.-pG. : Q.mGttmo t <!,wJwumwGp mwpwop o.o. 1300-1400 o pwpopmJ:lJmGGhpmo:
hwpwl.jmo, UJmGppp owpqmo' t>wtl La. Cpqwhnq qhmhpp OGwJtub 4'Inpp mwpwoppG, mGp hwpmum h pwqt\wmhuw4
wtlwqwGnui: Q.pwtlmo t 12137.075hw mwpwap' a.o.700-2400t\ pntuw4wGnt}}JntG: 293 mhuw4 wGn}}wtlnp pmJuhppg 7-I! qpwGgl.jwo
pwpopnt}}JntGGhpp uwhowGGtpmo (Gq.52): tG <!,<!, pmJuhpp 4:wpt\pp qppmo, WJJWWG lt' Gw]u4PG lvU<!.lf 4:wpopp
U]umbiz UJwhUJwlilfnuf biJ . /jWIJOnt~ pnjunz wlimWlllibpf!, qppmo: PmuwltwG hwthuqbgmpJmGGhp[! hpt\GwltwGmo ltwqol.jwo tG
ftlilUJbU liwb. 1/WJPP pOnzpjwli hwpnzum ljblil)wliwljwli b. pnzuw/jw{i OptUOJlU hwgwqqpGhppg' wznpw 4tu4Jltn4.fl, WJOW4fi QttuGwoL,
hwtfwljbgntpjntlilibp!J (qbfim, unum, wp!Jbywfi hwtiwpft, [Jfiljnzqbfim qwpm Up vwUp tnbmu4Ulip, wGppum p):ltu}}htllnt4I! h WJtU:
UJfllJ1Wftfibp!J}: Swpwapnu\ htuGqpUJ.ntt\ h(i mz]muphmo hwJmUp tlmJPP gnphGp 4
PmuwqwG wz}uwph{! Ghpqwjwgtlwa t pwpopwqwpq mhum4 Gbppg Lphp{!' wpwpurWJWfi qwtf hpfthwwftlj (Triticum
pmJuhpp 1074 mhuwltntl, npnGgpg 70-I! qpwGgtlwa t <!,<!, 4:wpupJl araraticum), mpwpwm (T. urartu) h tfwJp/J tffJwhwwftlj (T. boeoticum):
qppmo: «Cpqwhnq» wpqhtngmo wt'imo hG <!,wJwumwGp :PtnpmJfi Upqhtngmo qwU 100-pg wtlhtP l.jWJPP hwgwqqp(ihpp
wJGUUlUP tGqht\ mhuw4Ghp, pG~uumpG tG flwfiqhqmpp mwGohGpG, mwpwmhuwqGLp (Uq.54):
QwGqhqmpp qwGqw4wawrl]1q{!, flwGqhqmpp zG4nmht\{! t. WJtG: 4hGqwGwqwG mz}uwph{! WJUUlhJl (ilipi{WJWgl.jtui:r t
4:hGqwGw4wG wz}uwph{! GmJGUJ.hu pwquwqwG t' 208 mhuw4 nquwzwpwl.jnp 4LUqmGpfihpp 72 mhuwqmj: Swptuol.jmo Mi
nqUwzwpwl.jnp 4hGqwUpGhp, npnugpg <!,<!, qhGqwGpGhpp 4:wpopp hpltqhUgmq Gb.ppg' ljwfiw,J l)DIJI12, fDwqnpw, uftpftwljwu
qppmo qpwUgl.jwa 31 L PlllUV 4:wpt\pp gmgw4mo' 8 mhuw4: ujumnpwqnpw, unqmGGhpp 9 mbum4' wfil)J1/jntfftwu]Wfi q]mpqw,
Upqhtngmo qw phqnwpjwG WJO, qnpz WP2, owgwnw}unq, QWJt. odft wwpphp wbuwftfilip, tf}lplipljpwomiJwfi ftpftw, 50 mhutui{P
Uiqtlhu, qqw12pu, wGmwnwJpG ltwmm, hwql.jwqhUJ. Gwla. hnl.jwq, pn!mG ' hjJtffiwqwfimtf 6fi6Iflll/jwqq}l@p, l.J.tupliwumGlibp · Wf/Lflw,
cumpqw, htuJltmqwG pd, l.jwJpp hGqlttuhwl.j, qwnGwGqq, ula. wGq.q L wpftu, ftqwpjw, quuL qnp}m/t, pwqtfwpftt/ ljponf!{ilip L tuJtG:
LUJtG: up.Ci~h wjJt\ wpqLtngnu\ pwgwlttuJmO l UJ.WhtqwUt\wG qnmpCi
h pwqw 12 wzpGmpJwG qwpqwgthuG hhmla.wupnl.j ]uw]uml.jwo b(i
«tptpmGll)) wpqhtng: tltnhwowttwpqhpn:
<!,poGwqptlht t 1981 p: uUJwmwljli t · [bnliwJftli pubpn:ppm,
tlil)btf b. bqw/jft pliwljwli hwtfw/]lplibpft UJwhUJwOnzp]ntlif! .
StUflLUOpnl.j' <!,tUJWUUlWUp woLLGwtllnpfi tupqLtngG t, UtUqWJU pp

52 53
 «4:mJ.lJ.WUJWU Uptnwtl_wM}1» wpqhtWtl_Wjp:
~wJwumwGmu ljnlfljwu;wu upuuulfwp!Jft (Rhododendron
flltmwqwa wpqttwtl_wjphpn qpmwqwa, twpwqwa, caucasicum) tuuhfiwuto qwGqtlwoG t: UJumhrt t\pmwtlwpqp
UJ.WtnuwuzwqmpwjpG, mUmtuwqwG wpcJtp GtpqWJWQGllll ljjl6wmuwG hpuGwLJ.wG UJwm6wn[l tlJ.ntnq}lwlJ.wG U[WJUwfiGhflp,
UlWpwapGtp hG, npmt.q WUJ.Wlrntl_tl_mu t(i tlJ.nhwUwqwpqhpp t._ ll[lWGg hwmljwUJbU 4LPUWJP l{lmpn}untpjntGG t' llwufiwtlnpwtl{hu
PWIJ.Wflllp~Utpp UJ.WhtqwGntpjntG{! t._ pGwlJ.wU tl_tpwpmwryuupjntG{!: funGwtlmpJwG Gtl_wqnuin:
UJu mwpwopmu wpqlittlntll t gwfiqwgwa qnpomfihntpJmG ,
OJ1f! JuwJummu t wpqbtwtluiJp}I tqnluuum~wpqhp}l ~wJmfimpJmGJ! «lipwpwmJwfi nllllwfi qwpu]1.p» wpqhtwll.wJp:
qwu uu1umGmu t hwmmq hnqwomp.JwG qwpjtp mUtgnfl lillntl11 hnqhpnulUJWhl4tufitl_mu t llfliJWU ljwpuftp (Margarodes
tqnhwllutqwpqhpp, pnlllmlJ.wG h ~bGqwGwLJ.utG wz}uwph}I hameli) tGqtu lllt2tumn, npp. ptlwpwGwqp qpawmuwUD GU[wumht t
fibplJ.w.Jwgmg}I~fihpji, q}ImwqutG qutll U[ut111UU1UzwqmpwJ}lG wpdbp UpwpwmJwG qwzmp wqmmGhpp w11wqhpouwG qnponGpwgn:
mfitgn11 opJhqmGtpp UJ.uthuJwGmpJmGn:
UpqbtwtlwJtmtJJIG ntcJ}ltlu tj_bJuuptpmu t upwJG «lifufiwpwiJlt lJ.hfim UJmpwlJ.» wpqhtWll.WJp:
U[WhUJWfintpjmG bGpwLJ.w LJ.bGqutGm qtutl pmuwmbum4J1G, lijumhq UJWhtl{tuGtlnfl hwUZWUJUlf!WJftU ljbfim (Taxus baccata)
hwuwqbgmpJmGGbppG, 2PWJ]IG opJhlJ.mGbpfiG, Jmq UJntu pfiwqmfi n~G~wguwG U[wmawn qtupnfl bG hwGI"}puwGwt qhGm qll11hgp.~

nhumpufitpn ljwJmrr hG oqmwqnpotr DJntflhpp oqmwqnpomup pwGqwpclb.p owll4ht!Jfi2b.Jlf1 hwuwp, f1(i~t4.bu

<.wJutumwGJI mpqbtmtlutJ}1UJ1J~ IUCN-p qwuwqwpqlltuG fiwL. qbGmG ntf1hqgnf1 awmumhmuqGhpf1 htumt\wG L. um4hptufu}I111
hwllutoWJU hwUWU[WU1utu}uwGmu bG «IV» qwpqp UIWhutwUt!nq wGmtunGhpp Gtlwqhgnu1n:
111Wpwopfiht1}Ifi:
'Gzbfip <.w.JWUUlutG}l mpqbtLUtiWJPhppg U}l pwG}IUp «lip2wtnfuthfinn> wpqhtwll.wJp:
tLJ.ntnq}Iwqw(i tl_P6w4J1 llmuJtG: Uppwuzjufhuftu (Corylus colurna) pwqutuGmu t pGwlJ.wG
t.(hpwanf uhpt\hpp.g: UJumhq WJ12WmfuthGm wnwGO.GJtuqGhpn zwm
«Unwu tqmpwq» wpqhtwtl_wjp: hG: UwlJ.tuJG, Wf12tull1}utliGm qhQLgp4 tutlmp pGwt!JwJI11D qnpbwbt.(nui
fflwhUJ.utG4mli t tmtlqwuJI 111WJ1WllpJl wpMi[JWU unum t OfllllOU zpGtuGjntp Ghll 4hGgtuf1tujf1G qwppp(ih[lp hwthup, np(i l]
(Platanus oricntalis) utlibGw]unznp UJmpwtm (G~.55): 1980-wqutG UIWtn6wn t hwGqpULufinu~ ptlwptu(iwqplJ.p6wmthuG:
P4llt~UIGGbpJtg hbmn U!l1lflW4Jl 4hpjll:i hwmtlwamli tiwpqqwGg Ullp htu(ipwuthmmpJm(imu qnpllnfl wpqhtwt.!mJphiiP thuujiG
lizmw qwG p GwlJmpJmGn tlmwfiqm u 1: UJm pw4J1 t4ntnqpwqmG wul{lntp. tnhflblfmpJmG(ihp phpt.(nu~ hCt turumuwq 1-nuY (2009p:
wli p nr1 ~n 1PJ m (i ]1: mtl_jtut Ghpntl):

54 55
 «f2wUqbqmp» wpqbtwt.J.wJp:
!l!J.. n w wlj 1-]1_Lulf!_ndiw/1_mpJ m fi[1
~wqt~w~hflUJ.Liw(i hlnWwl.J.wU filljwmwl.J.[l
Upqhttut.J.wjpp UGmwnwJ}l(l l.J.bGfltuGtJGbp'
1971 LnntJ,
Qwuqhqmpp 1..t PwpqmzwmtJ thnuwpwqml.J.Gbpp hwpwqwJJlG 7. lfwpqwhmlmll WJOJWLl, qnpz W(l~ ,
3368 hw
wqutlwghq h1J.2t~I!nt L WJlG
thnfiwtmfi~hpp pwpop thnGwJJlfi ~flLUJpfi L gwthupwJJlG
Q..Jmtwqwpw4_ll 1958 LnntJ , O.httJqmwJJlG unnm
t4nhwthul.J.wpql.ipp jmptuhwmm~ pmuwl.J.wfi L l.J.hfiqwfiwl.J.wfi • 8.
unnm 2576 hw w Gm tunG lip[!
wzJuwph£!, tJCt~UJ.hu ULUI..t wpqhttut\WJPP mwpwbpnul wnl.J.w UUwgnpqtujtJG unpmG
LLJtumuwuztul.J.mf)wJJlfi htupmum chumuCtqmpJwfi UjwhtLJWUntJ)Jmfifi t Q..nmut.j_tuutJ 1959 Upwptum , wqwqGhrll tqwl{Jl
9.
(Ctl.J..59): wqwqmmubrt 95,99 hw pmuwqwG l..t l.J.hfiqtufiwl.J.tu(i
m b mu ljO hl!I!_
10. PwGputJunnm 1959 4:nmtujp, PtuGputJ unnm hqw4}1
Ulzlnwwlj 1 4hw mG4wptulhu 1l1G UJntpw_!m
<wJWUUJWfi]l hWfiJlWUJiillliltp]ntfinuf l)flWfigqwt} WfllJ/i[Wt/W]fllifl[J O.bttJI.J.mwJJlG q}lhm finup
1958 ~ltuJng onr,
<!,tp-<!,hptJ wGmwnGhp[Ih mwGotJ
11. 6139 hw
GnupmmwJJlfi @wgn(lflWJJlfi lUJq}lG ,
<.]:nifiwryniwU
mpwqtl!!J..wfimw.I]:tO _qwqbpp
UpqbtWt.J.WJP.Jl mwphp}lt.J.[!,
N2 <!,wqt.J.wqJmm l.J.hGqwGtJUbp '
U1 hl1.wqpnt}}Jlll an lllwhUJ.wGntpJwU opJbl.J.mn
wUt.j_wGntun hwJI.J.wl.J.wG tlm.'ptnG,
(uwpq),
Qh11lim4}1 1958 q_WJllQ onp, phqnwpjtu(ltUJO,
mwpwb"pp 12.
3865 hw Wf12 , LUlltU2wtJ.nptuutJtu~w(i
I. Utufiwpwl}}l 1959 Stut.J.mz, O.httJlJtllWJJlfi l.J.bfim hqwl.J.p
- hm.{tuq, thnfiwJJlG
~hum LLJntnw'-l 25 htu ILLJ m flW__!m_ wfimwnfi@
2. Unum Llfmpwl.J. 1958 UJmfitJp, lznql.J.wumu wpLtuwG unum Qtplint4ll 1981 ~w Jll9 onp,
64.2 hw u}lwl.J. pfiwl.J.wG Ujntpwl.J.n 13 . «.2hptlnt4)) hwfipwJflG 2mp
9flWpwfiwl.jmG 18000htu
3. Up~wmluthfim
1958 SwtJ.mz, fl.htlll.J.tnwjpG wp~wmfutb.Gm <!,mqqwqjmm l.t tupdhpwqnp
40 htu l..t l.J.bGm Ujntpwl.J.Gbp[I Upqwl.J.wGtJ- 1971 4:nmWJJ2 , l.J.hfiqwfiwmbuw~Gtp ' Wf12 ,
14.
bqw4}11..t nbttJI.J.mwJpfi q}lhm UbllJlwonptJ 13.532 hw LUJGJWU, Uwphhtuq u tUJ[
Ul..twfip 1958
1..t l.J.wqGm GnupwGmwnGtpn wfimtunw.IPG mtuwl.tfitr
(UphqmCtm) Q..bqwppmCttJp,
4. l..t llJlWfig pGnpnz pmuwl.J.wfi <!,wqqwqJmmL tupdhpwtjnp
q}lhm finupwG - 3312 hw
L l.J.hCtqwfiwl.J.wG 1971 Swl}mz, l.J h(lqwGwmhmulj(lbp' tuf12,
LnWllWJJlU 15 . P2hwGJ1
hw u wl{ t~gnt}}Jn tG Gl:!m! 5908 hw LUJGJLUU, tlwphhwq L LUJJ
lznql.J.wujwfi 1959 lnntJ , wGmwntuj}lfi mhuw4Ghp
5. O.httJI.J.tnwjtJG l.J.nql.J.wuJwfi
upmtutJ.wpl}}l 1000 hw tlpmwtjwpqhCttJ <!,wqqwqjntUl l.t tupdhpwqnp
l.J.bfiqwfiwmhuwljfibprf wp2,
UpwqwbtJ 1959 Q..wGowpwp}l- 1971 Swtjmz,
6. .2tupb Lllllfll..t hwpw4}lg 16 . WJOJWli, uwphhwtj L WJ[
WLLLJJWG Urwqwonm G, ~l.iptJG UqqwutJ 6813htu
tUtllJJLUU tlwpqwqbmJl(ifibp[I wfimwnwJtJG mhuw4Gbp,
300 hw
[JhnGwJhG tuGmwnfit~
56 57
 Urunwwlt 1-ft 2utfmLuwqmpJmfip UflQ-UBftu fTJ.Ufl[ff7P
~wqtjwqJmm L wpohpwt]np
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17. Q.hmflljp wGmmnmJpG qbGqmGmmbumlj- (fitpwnJmt
Q.liqtupl)ntGpl),
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5728 htu pfitul.l.ltuhl.l.ltufiwqwfi, qpmwqwfi, l.l.lllllllUWU2W4ntptuj)1fi,
thunbhwll, JhnGm JhGmGmmnGbn
~mqtjwqjmm L wpdbl)wt\np qh'l.wqpmwqwfi, nttwtwg)lnfi wpdtp fitpqWJWQUilll. d)12wqqw])1fi L
qbGqmGwmbumljGbp{!' (4wu) hwfipWUJ.UIDWqtufi uzwuwqntp]ntfi mfitgnrt mwpwbpfitp tfi,
1971 '-l.wjng onp , pbqmupjtuG lUJO, htujqwqmG
18. bqbq}mp npnfip pfiwqwfi tWUI12.tu:Pmfitp)1 h dzwqntptujpfi wp<Jtpfitpp
4200 htu t\m:PtnG, mntu2tmJnpwupwljtuG
hntjwq, t\tuJPP gnpMip tibo qntqnllll:dtufi zunph)lq 4tuPilll. tfi oqmwqnpbllhtqpmwqwfi, twpwqwfi,
nwqthuqtuGntpjntG nttwtwg)lnfi, uzwqmpwj)lfi h mumtuwqwu UUJ.Wllltuqutpnll, np)l
~tuGl)tut\wGp 1981 4nmtuJp,
19. «~tuOl)tut\tuG» hwGl)tuJflG 2ntP hwuwp uwhdwuqwb' t UJ.WhUJ.wumpJmu hwinm4 ntd)lu:
t>ptuptulituqmG 9350 hw
fllwpqp mwpwbl)t! pwowGtjwo ~- mpqbtngwJpG, hwuqumfl
UpmpmmJmG npqmG qmpuppJ'!
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20. npqwli
219,85hw pmumljmGntpjntG]!: bqmlj)l qwpnq tG ruqqpqt\hL GwL wpqlittut\tuJptq1: liJuflGpG wqqtuJpG l.l.ltuP4P
. ljmpdpfl
pmuml.JwG hwtiml.Jbqm~JntG mwpmol)p npn2w4P tiwup mptmhuqptjmu t wljmflt\ hwGqump,
1989 UJm(if112, ~WJljmljmG :Ptnptujp L
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2728 hm 6wGm~nqmqmG L ljnqmmpwljwG · lif12ngmnmuubpfl htudwp:
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fl-hqpnGpH pGnpn2 mfimmnmJpu lmumtjnp~mqwG tu2luwmwGl)ubpfl ljwqdwljbpl.l.lt\mG htut\mp mGg tu
1972 UJmGpp, tljnhtm)mljmpqhp, wuhbmmgnll qwg Gmu 6mGml.l.lwphGbp, mmppumwqwG bppmqflulip. hpt\Gwqptjnu\
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1850 hm pmJuhpfl L qbfiqwGpGbpp
hG pGmpJmG pmGqwpwGGbp: UJu pntnpnt\ hmGqhpo wqqwJflG
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owqt\wG hqmqp 2Ptut\mqmG L wztumphp L pGmpJtuG hwlimLPP l.l.ltuhl.l.lwumpJntU{!:
2001 UJmupl),
23. UL Ll16 hwptuqpg pGmmmpmopGhpp ~tuJtuummGp wqqtuJpG UJ.tupqbp{! IUCN-fl lif12tuqqwJpG
240 htu
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qmumqwpquwG hmtiwC.wJG «Il>> qwpqp l.l.ltuhl.l.lwut\nll mwpwoJ2Ghp
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24.
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pmJuLptl mhuwlju.
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E2tufiqhqmpp L Pwpqm2wmp pwpopntpjntGGhpmu: 'Uhpmnmti t UhwGm t6P 2PtuJPU htuJbtflO L
2009 UJmuflp, pwpop thnfiwJflG IlJlWG htupnq wtjlwdl.ipo mmpwoJ2fl 2Pf19 wqwmtjtua hwmwljwJpG
26. Qwuqbqmpp
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 Y.tuqt~nu~ t 147.456 htuq. htu, wnwug UhtuGw tnp hwJhtnt ' 22.697 hw: <llwpY.]l mwpwaJ2ntU qmG~mu hG nwpmwptutqhmwll_~u ,
UqqLUJpU tqtupY.£1 m(ip UJLUht.ywGt~w(i qnmp' UhwGw tn}l mw hGwq}lmwY.wG h wqqwqpwl.J.wG ptuquwr}ltl hm2wpdwGuhp,
w~wqwun. npp uwhthuuG tuGgGmu t tJl!l[l hqhpnrt thnGtu2rwwGbpp "'Vnptummu}l qhphquwGwmwG Juw~J2tupl:ip[l, Lnw2hGp
(UphqmGp, UhwGj1, q.I:.TJtut~m. 4.tupqhuj1up, <J>wupwY.}l) 2JlpwdwGml: qwupwpwGwl}w2mlip[l h WJtG : «ULmG» wqqtuJpG tqwpY.G j'lp
l'llwhUIWfintpjWU Opjhl.J.mfi t UL.wfiw wnn' fipw 2phWtlwv l4W2IDUjLUGuwu qnmm hhm LlpwupG mGj1 hul.J.wJwY.mG ll.J.ntnqpwY.wG,
wtlwqwfip hqwtW m tfiqtu l.J.hfiqwfiwqwfi m pmuwqwfi mhuwl.J.fihpp mGmhuwl[wG h ungJlwtwY.wG G]wGwl[mpJmG:
hhm upwupfi:
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<llwpY.Jl wpqhtngmJpG qnmmu wnwGaGwg~wa t 6 Umhrta~ht t t!hp2hpu' 2002 p. «C).JltP2WU» tqhmwY.wG
tupqhtngwj}lG mhTjwuwu' UpmwGj12j1, Lj1npj1, "'Vnpwmmuj1, q.PltPP, tupqhtngj1 (1958p.) hpuwG 4Jtw, Sw4nt2P uwpqmu: Q.mGtlnn'i t
Y:wp!lWflPjntpp, "'Vnpw2liGj1 h 10 tupqhtwtlwJp, npnGp aq~mu hG <l>wupwq, UphqmGp, lJP.wtllnp, q.mqwpwg thnuw2rwwGhpp tlJlw,
qhmhpp ltplJ.tUJUJ2nf 500 u bpY.wpntpjtUt~p: Uqumh h q.tm}llt qbmhpp wtlwqwGGhpmu: t5n4}1 uwl[hphntJppg
«UhwG» wqqwjj'lG tqwpY.p h tqtuhtqwGuwG qnmm pwpdp t 1070-2400 tl: q.pw~mu l 33.765 hw mwpwampJmG: PGnpn2
pmuw2tuwphG [lGqqpY.mu l ptupapwl.J.wpq pmJuhpp 2lllJl2 1145 t tWJUWUWflLUflp wumwnwJpG awnwmhuwY.Ghpn~ (£i4.48):
mhuwl.J., WJI} ptimu <!.wJwumtuGp 3 h UhwGw tnP. 5 tGqhu h <!_Y:q.-mu ITJwhUJw{]mpJw{] wwlj /;{] wn{]qwb" hwtiwp/i{]m L. ljWif{]m
qpwGg~wa 17 mhuwl.J.: Ln}l uwY.wpqwY.}l Jl2hguwG hhmhwGpml 2PP9 tfliqnjJftz w{]wwn{]/ipf!, ljlilinL liqwljft UJniflW/jf!, w{]wwnwJft(]
wqwm~wa tul}nuutpa hnrtwqpndlmGlip}l qqww uwun (unm 17 hwq. hwqifwvmw jJwnL{]w{], ft(]lUJliu awL lift 2WflJl
hw) OtuoY.~wa t unnm, ptupqm, l{l2tumliGnt, ~p~JuwGp h WJl UJWUlUWOWflUlWflWUJliWwljw{] nL plinlpjw{] hnL2Wpdw{]{]/ip:
awmupl{lwjpG mhuwqulipp wphl:iumwY.wG wumwnGbpmf: <<fJ.ft/}lpwfi)) wqqwJftfi UJWflltft pnwwqwfi w2}uwphp qwqlflfwo
UqqwJpG tqtupl.J.nu~ Y.w nrtGtu2wpwtJnp Y.hfiqwG}luhp}l 336, t wif.h/}1 pwfi 900 whuwlj wfinpwtfnp pmjuftg, npn(]gftg 27-p
GhpwnJWL <!.wJwumwG}l 4wpujlp q.pJ2ntL~ qpwGg~wa 49 mhuwY.: qpwfigif.wo hfi · <!,wjwuwwfift L 4-1! · fiwjuljftfi JuU< U:ft l.Jwplfftp
UhwGp tut!wqwGmu hwGl}ptqmu h(i aY.wG' 9, qpphpmlf: <!,wGqpUjntU hG nhtllY.mwJpG h 5 luqhu mhuwY.uhp:
hp44hGgwrtGbpp' 3, unrtntGGhpj1' pn~mGGbpp' 267 h
17, D-htllY.mwJJlG b(i l{ln2Gm, qjlhm, qpw)ummawnp wGmwnwY.Glip[l,
Y.tupGwumGGhpp '34 mhmuY.GI:ip: ~Y.Glippg mpdhJ2tu4np hG UhmGj1 [lGLJ.mqhum tlwJPp mul[wpY.GLp[!: UGmwnmu hwGq}ltqnu~ hG tnpliGp,
Uiqhu aY.GwmhumY.Ghp(l, pn~mGGLpflg htuGl}ptqnu~ hG t!wpqwqmJG h pnJup, ph'lP, Y.li~}l: P2LtuGp thnGtU2llPWJP ttufi2hpnn~ mwptuo~wo liG
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UllllJll4LUU[!, n~tuG Y.wpwtql}, hLUJY.wY.wli npnp[l, Y.wpGwumGGhppg ' utmlJu pu:
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60 61
 ljbfiiJwuftulipntf, npnugftg 23-p qpwugifwlt bu .:liQ.-nuf: 04Ghppg 4w qtUfllllPI! wztuwphntL~ h qwuqpwtjllwlmp hwlfLU/fllliU}l Llptu4
4wpupw}UWJlll, .2np phrnm, pn~m(i(ibppg' 4ntl4WUJWU uwphhwtJ., pGwqpwtJ.wJp[! ~WJwumwGnu\:
tJ.wJpp hGq4whwtJ., 4tupGtuumGGhppg' WJOJWU, wqGtJ.wghq tq2hpm, Oputhu 2Plll'l pn~mGGhpp pGw4wtJ.mJp h hwGqummtJ.mJp'
tmuwG, wGmwnwJpG 4wmm, 4qwppu, 2f1WuwumJp L WJtG: 1993p. liptll}l tl161! GhpwntJ.ht t «UJ12wqqwJ}lG UJLUGtu4ntpjntG
«l)..PtP2Wfi» wqqtujpG UJWPlH!' GutwumwtJ.np utWJilwGGhpp mGhgn11., hpufim4wGmt\ npt4hu 2PLUJpG pn~mfilihpp pGw4wtJ.mJp,
zGnphptJ., mfip 4wpLnp GzwGw4mpjmG wGmwnwjpG LWU'l2W:PmGbpp tunGwtJ. mwpwbpGhpp thuupfi» 4nGtJ.hGgpwJp (O.wt\uwp, 1971)
tqwhUJwfiuwG, pmduwG m hwGqump 4wquw4hpUJuwG, pG~uthu Gtuh UJ12tuqqwJpG GzmGm4mpJtuG !unGwtJ. mwpmopGhpp gmG4mt~:
mGmhuw4wG qnpbmGhntpjtuG hwuwp: lijumhfl uho pwGtu4ntJ. hwGqptqnu\ h(i qhphquwGtuwpoptJ.[!, l}lnpp
hGpwwpb}ltJ.[!; ptupwpbptJ.[! (G4.44), mmtfltuumwGwJpG wpoptJ.(! h
LUJtG:
Smpwopmu hwJmGwpLptJ.wo hG t\nm 670 mhumqp pmJuhp,
Umhll.btlht t 2009p: <+mGtJ.mu t ~~ Cppw4fl t\wpqp UuwupwJp npnGgpg t\nm 25-1! qpm(igtJ.tuo t.G ~lUJtuumwGp 4tupupp qppnu\, pu4
L lizngpp mwpwbwzp2wfiGhpmt~, bllfiwJuwll.}l thnGw2f1pLUJP 22-1! tGqht\ mhuw4Ghp LG: SmpwopG tunwtJ.ht qpwlJ.P~ t qmpGwG(! h
wpLtuwG L QwtJ.wJupp thnGwzll.PLUJ}l hwpwtJ.-wpLt\LnjwG LWfi2hp}lG wunwG(! puiquwpptJ. qhqwqwpqwJpG pmJuhpp' }untnpop,
(U4. 49): UqqwJpG L4WP4P mwpwopf! 4wqumu t unm 25.000 hw, ppmzmzmG}t, hppp4fl, 4w4w~p h zmzwCip tumumntpjwG zGnphptj_:
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«liptJt}l L}l6» wqqwjpu UJWp\W UUJWmwqu t .2wlJ.wtup-C}lpwq uw4mJG GpwGg zwppmu 4wG hwql\wqJmm mhuw4fihp, npnGgpg hfi
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mwpwopGhp}l t4nhwuw4wpqhpp, WJ'l ptJ.mu' liptll}l h UqhGpu ttihp}l mfimhumpJntGGLpp hmuwp:
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(Girgensohnia oppositiflora), aulipmi.J. tlmJPP (Citmllus colocynthis),
wGqpw]uGh, wGt\hnml.j_ I.J.tnpwmhph (Andrachne rotundifolia),
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mmpwbp[l l.j_wqumu t 34401.8 htu, npp uh2 t~mGnu~ t GwL uwpqwypp pnnwy}tp (Ophrys oestrifcra), }untnpa Chti.J.ntlupl.j_ntlJl
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«lipL.)llp> wqqwJ]lu UJ.WPI.J.r uutwmwl.j_u t puwi.J.wu qhtWwomf1Jl4 nwtlhGjwG (Erianthus ravennae):
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pwquwqwumpJwu, puwi.J.wu UJ.mzwpuhp]l, pumpJwu hqwliJl tnnt<Jht t mwpwowzfl2Wltp pnllltUOLUO\.j_ntjpf1: Ur zwpp
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liJ12uwhuwuwJ]lu puwlJwtlwJphp]l UJ.WhUJ.wUntpJnLUf!, puwlJwUnu tG 4wpupp qppmu:
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«lipLpi.J.» wqqmJ]lG utmpi.J.p mwpwopmu wnl.j_w hG mqqwapq (Pcltariopsis grosshcimii - hmptutltujpG UGqpi.J.mii.J.wup tuqM),
pfiwl.j_wG qnmpGhp L tmGqzw.'jJmGhpp mwpphp mpUJ.hp' mtuuwG wnGwtp2ntfi lP2ntGwmhph (Samcraria glastifolia- <!,wj\.j_wl.j_wu
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ybfiuwpwquwqwunt}}JntU L pGwl.j_wmhllP t hwqqwqJmm L (Symphyandra zangezura-- hwpwtlmJJlG Uuqpi.J.ntlywup tuqht~). qwq
tufihhmwgnq mJGUJ.pup yhGqwGwl.j_wG mhuwl.j_Ghpp htut~wp, pG~utJlupp 4ppli.J.P~upl.j_n4Jl (Astragalus kirpicznikovii UGqpi.J.ntllJ.wup tGqhtn, qtuq
hG wmu2mtlnpwupwl.j_wG [IUGWlljntO[l, phqnwpjwG WJO[l, hmJI.J.wi.J.wG opqmpwqp (Astragalus ordubadcnsis- hwpwtlmJpu Uuqpyntli.J.wup
L~nt~ltnG[l, t~J12hpi.J.pwontjmJJ1G l.j_ppwG, hmJI.J.mymu pd[l, l.j_nql.j_muJmu tuqbu), hpppi.J. Q.pnuuwhhJUP (Iris grosshcimii - hwpwtjwJJlG
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LUJtG: thnuwz}umphp jntpwhwmml.j_ tGqlnl), ul.j_ UlUUnju tumpmqtumw(iJLUU

64 65
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