Answers To Exercises: Lesson 1.1

Answers to Exercises
CHAPTER 1 • CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 1 • CHAPTER , AC

21. AB , PN
22. PM
, XZ
23. XY 24. A
LESSON 1.1 B
25. Y 26. M
1. sample answers: point: balls, where lines cross;
segment: lines of the parachute, court markings; N
X
collinear: points along a line of the court structure;
coplanar: each boy’s hand, navel, and kneecap, 27.
C
points along two strings
, TP

D
2. PT A B
3. any two of the following: AR, RA

, AT
, TA
, RT
, TR

28. 10

4. any two of the following: MA,MS,AS,AM,SA,SM
29–31. y
5. A B
6. 7. y
5
K
3
M
D C
x
–3 3 x
–5 O A (4, 0)
L
–3 E
D
–5
or CA
8. AC or QP
9. PQ B
or RT
10. TR , RI
or IR
, and TI
or IT

11. A B 12. y 32. Yes, P(6, 2), Q(5, 2), R(4, 6); the slope
S
11 between any two of the points is 14.
y
R
R Q P´
x x
Q´
13. mAB 14.3 cm 14. mCD 6.7 cm P
15–17. Check each length to see if it is correct.

R´
Refer to text for measurements.
. X is the midpoint of
18. R is the midpoint of PQ 33. possible answer:
. No midpoints are
WY . Y is the midpoint of XZ
y
shown in ABC. Q
N
19. possible answers:
x
P
A B C D E
or
CE
AC

BC CD
20. P 34. A
R
T
G
Y
35. Answers will vary. Possible answers:

T
M
S 8 cm
8 cm
11 cm
11 cm
8 ANSWERS TO EXERCISES
USING YOUR ALGEBRA SKILLS 1 to get (9, 6), then multiply those coordinates by 31 to
get (3, 2). To get the second point of trisection, sum
1. (3, 4) the coordinates of points A and B to get (9, 6), then
2. (9, 1.5) multiply those coordinates by 32 to get (6, 4). This
3. (5.5, 5.5) works because the coordinates of the first point
4. (6, 44) are (0, 0).
5. Yes. The coordinates of the midpoint of a 7. Find the midpoint, then find the midpoint of
segment with endpoints (a, b) and (c, d ) are found each half.
ac 8a. Midpoints for Figure 1 are (5.5, 6.5); for
by taking the average of the x-coordinates,
2 ,
bd
and the average of the y-coordinates, 2. Thus the Figure 2, (16, 6.75); and for Figure 3, (29.75, 5.5).
ac bd
midpoint is 2 , 2 .
8b. For these figures the midpoints of the two
6. (3, 2) and (6, 4). To get the first point of diagonals are the same point.
trisection, sum the coordinates of points A and B
ANSWERS TO EXERCISES 9
LESSON 1.2 24. C
135
1. TEN, NET, E; FOU, UOF, 1; D E
ROU, UOR, 2
25.
2. N
67.5
22 67.5
A T 22
A D
3. 26. no
G B
C
Y
D
I
N
4. S
A
M
27.
L
5. S, P, R, Q; none in the second figure

6. possible answer:
B
28.
A C
D
7. 90°
8. 120°
9. 45° 29.
10. 135°
11. 45°
12. 135°
13. 30°
14. 90° 30. One possibility is 4:00.
15. Yes; mXQA mXQY 45° 90° 135°, 31. H
90
which equals mAQY.
6 8
16. 69°
17. 110° T O
18. 40°
32. T H
19. 125°
20. 55°
21. SML has the greater measure because R S
A
mSML 30° and mBIG 20°.
22. 33. G T
44
A
A
23.
I N
90
B
34. W 45. 180 km. The towns can be represented by
three collinear points, P, S, and G. Because S is
between P and G, PS SG PG.
B O
T
46. 12 cm
6 cm 6 cm
I 47. 4.36 cm
2.18 cm 2.18 cm
35. MY; CK; mI 36. SEU; EUO; MO
48. MS DG means that the distance between
37. x 54° 38. y 102°
M and S equals the distance between D and G.
39. z 32° 40. 288° MS DG means that segment MS is congruent
41. 242° 42. They add to 360°. to segment DG. The first statement equates two
43. no numbers. The second statement concerns the
congruence between two geometric figures.
However, they convey the same information and
are marked the same way on a diagram.
49. Answers will vary. Possible answer.
C
40 70
A 4 cm B
44. You will miss the target because the incom-

40 70
ing angle is too big. D 6 cm E
Target
Mirror
Laser light
source
LESSON 1.3 11. The measures of complementary angles sum
to 90°, whereas the measures of supplementary
1–3. possible answers: angles sum to 180°.
1. D
12. No, supplementary angles can be uncon-
nected, while a linear pair must share a vertex and
a common side.
45
O G 13a. an angle; measures less than 90°
13b. angles; have measures that add to 90°
2. T E
13c. a point; divides a segment into two congruent
segments
R 13d. a geometry tool; is used to measure the sizes
of angles in degrees
3. 14.
B E
P
C
B D
I G
A
4. G
D and CD
If AB intersect at point P so that P is
S between A and B, and P is between C and D, then

M APC and BPD are a pair of vertical angles.
5. A 15. true
16. true
P E
R
6. A D
B 17. true
E
C
7.
40
A
18. false
50
B
8.
19. false
140 40
C D
9. B is a Zoid. A Zoid is a creature that has in its

interior a small triangle with a large black dot
taking up most of its center.
10. A good definition places an object in a class

and also differentiates it from other objects in that
class. A good definition has no counterexamples.
20. false 28. One possible answer is A(8, 8), B(4.5, 6.5),
C(11, 1).
50 y
A
B 6
50 80 S
C
21. true x
–12 –6
T
R
22. false; Though the converse is true, a

counterexample is 29. 12 cm
C T 30. 36°
31. possible answer:
23. false
32.
0 pt.
140
C
1 pt.
40
D
24. false 2 pt.

A
3 pt.
33. 1 pt. 2 pt.
C T
25. possible answers: (3, 0), (0, 2), or (6, 6) 3 pt. 4 pt.
26. possible answers: (2, 3) or (5, 1)

27. The reflected ray and the ray that passes
5 pt. 6 pt.
through (called the refracted ray) are mirror
images of each other. Or they form congruent
angles with the mirror. Infinitely
many points
A
120° 1 2
34a. ,
360° 3 3 left
Reflected
segment
60° 1 1
34b. ,
360° 6 6 missing
B
Mirror 360°
34c. 9 40°
LESSON 1.4 FI
18. PA and IVE ANC
1.
130
130 130
5 cm
3.
21. 84 in.
22. 5.25 cm
4. octagon
23. AB 14 m, CD 25 m
5. hexagon
24. complementary angles: AOS and SOC;
6. heptagon vertical angles: OCT and ECR or TCE and
7. pentagon RCO
8–10. One possible answer for each is shown. 25.
E
8. pentagon FIVER
A B
9. quadrilateral FOUR
10. equilateral quadrilateral BLOC
11a. a polygon; has eight sides C D
F
11b. a polygon; has at least one diagonal outside
of the polygon 26. possible answer:
11c. a polygon; has 20 sides
5
11d. a polygon; has all sides of equal length
20
12. One possibility is C and Y are consecutive
and YN
angles; CY are consecutive sides. 27. All are possible except two points.
13. 9; possible answer:
0 pts. 1 pt.
3 pts. 4 pts.
, AD
14. AC , BD
, BE
, CE
15. TIN
16. WEN 5 pts. 6 pts.
17a. a 44, b 58, c 34
17b. mT 87° and mI 165°
LESSON 1.5 16. possible answers:
1. D 2. A
3. C 4. B C
5. C 6. C
14 cm
10 cm
40
A T A B
S M L
7. A
10 cm 10 cm
R C 40
A E
8. possible answer:
17. true
3a 3a
18. true
2a 2a
19. False, a diagonal connects nonconsecutive
b b – 2a vertices.
9. possible answer: 20. False, an angle bisector divides an angle into
6 cm 6 cm two congruent angles.
A B A B
40 40
21. true
y
C
C (–3, 5)
(2, 4)
C (–4, 1)
(1, 1)
x
4 cm
22. (4,1) → (3,2) (1,1) → (2, 2) (2, 4) →
A 4 cm
80
B
(3, 1) (3, 5) → (2, 2) Yes, the quadrilaterals are
congruent.
23. Find the midpoint of each rod. All the
A
midpoints lie on the same line; place the edge
of a ruler under this line.
4 cm
24–26. Sample answers for 24–26
120 24. P 25. P
P 4 cm Z
12. possible answers: (1, 1), (1, 0), or (4, 3) E A E A
13. possible answers: (3, 3), (3, 4), (11, 4),

(11, 3), (0.5, 0.5), or (7.5, 0.5)
14. possible answers: (3, 1), (1, 9), (2, 2), N T N T
(4, 8), (0, 1), or (1, 6) 26. Q U

C C
7 cm D A
12 cm 45
A 9 cm B
45
A 9 cm B
LESSON 1.6 19b. Possible answer: Rotate one triangle so that
a congruent pair of sides forms a diagonal of a
1. first figure: quadrilateral ABCD with two parallelogram.
congruent sides and one right angle; second
figure kite EFGH; third figure: trapezoid IJKL
with two right angles; fourth figure parallelogram
MNPQ
2. B 3. D 20. There are three possibilities: a rhombus, a
4. F 5. C concave kite, or a parallelogram.
6. A, D, F
7. D I
Z O
8. N
E
B
F
9. L
21a. right triangles
21b. isosceles right triangles

A
E U 22.
10. T H 23.
5 cm
I 5 cm
R G
11.
24.
12. square
72 72
72 72
72
13. possible answers: (2, 6), (2, 4); (6, 2), 25. no
(2, 4); (3, 1), (1, 3) y
14. 90 cm C (0, 5)
15. (5, 6) B (4, 4)
16. S(9, 0), I(4, 2)

x
17. S(3, 0), I(1, 5) A (5, 0)
18. A(7, 6), N(5, 9) or A(5, 2), N(7, 1)

19a. Possible answer: Flip one triangle and align it
so that a congruent pair of sides forms a diagonal
of a kite.
LESSON 1.7 16. Equilateral quadrilateral. (The figure is
actually a rhombus, but students have not yet
1. Answers will vary. Sample answers:The green learned the properties needed to conclude that the
area in the irrigation photo is a circle,the water is a sides are parallel.)
radius,and a path on the far side of the circle appears
B
to be tangent to the circle.The wood bridge is an arc of
a circle,and the railings are arcs of concentric circles. P Q
The horizontal support beam under the bridge is
A
a chord.
2. three of the following: AB , BD, EC , EF 17. equilateral; 3 to 1
3. EC
4. AP, EP, FP
, BP, CP
s
5. five of the following: EF, AE, AB , BC
, CD, DF ,

EB , ED , FC , AC , DB , AF , AD , BF
or EFC
6. EDC , EBC or EAC
18.

7. two of the following: ECD , EDF , FEC , DEC
, . . .
, HB
8. FG
9. either F or B
10. possible answers: cars, trains, motorcycles; 19. yes; yes
washing machines, dishwashers, vacuum cleaners; y
compact disc players, record players, car racing, 5
Ferris wheel
11. mPQ 110°; mPRQ
250°
x
12. –5 5
65
–5
215
20. yes; no
13. possible answers: concentric rings on cross y
sections of trees (annual rings),bull’s-eye or target,
5
ripples from a rock falling into a pond.
14.
x
–5 5
–5
21. no; no
15. y
8
P Q
x
8 16
22. 80°. The slices of pizza do not overlap, so 31. 120 60
60 60
60° x 140°, where x is the measure in
degrees of the angle of the second slice. 120 120 60 120
23. 32. not possible
33. R
24. not possible
25. B
C T G
A
26. A 34.
C B
4a + 2b
27. about 0.986°
28. 15° 35.
29. T
A
100 50 70 50 70
36. I 2p U
2p 2p
F
55
E Q
30. P A 2p
37. E
120
T R K T
LESSON 1.8 22. False. The two lines are not necessarily in the
same plane, so they might be skew.
1. 2.
3. 4.
23. true 24. true
5. 6.
7. 8. 25. true
4
3
9. 60 boxes 10.
26. False. They divide space into seven or eight

5 parts.
3 4
11. 12.
27. true 28. (3, 1)
13. B, D 14. B
15. C 16. D
17. A
18. 19.
29. perimeter 20.5 cm; m(largest angle) 100°

20. true 21. true
30.
8 cm
120
13 cm
LESSON 1.9 18. pyramid with hexagonal base
1. Sample answer: Furniture movers might

visualize how to rotate a couch to get it up a
narrow staircase.
2. yes
3. W
O M E N ; Nadine is ahead. 19. prism with hexagonal base
4. 28 posts
5. 28 days
6. 0 ft (The poles must be touching!)
7. B
A B A
20. pyramid with square base
8. 21. x 15, y 27
22. x 12, y 4
23.
9.
A B 3 cm
3 cm
24.
3 cm
A B
10. 25. point, line, plane

Polygons
26.
AB 27.
AB
Quadrilaterals Triangles
28. vertex 29.
AB
Trapezoids Obtuse Isosceles
30. CD
AB 31. protractor
32. ABC 33. CD
AB
34. congruent to
11. no 35. The distance is two times the radius.
12. C(2, 3), A(0, 0), B(0, 5), D(2, 1)
13. Y(4, 1), C(3, 1), N(0, 3) r r
P Q
14. (x, y) → (x 3, y 2)
15. CP
AB , EF
GH
; i k, j k PQ = 2r
16. perimeter 34 cm
36. They bisect each other and are perpendicular.
A
P Q
17. Left photo: Three points determine a plane.
Middle photo: Two intersecting lines determine a B
plane. Right photo: A line and a point not on the
line determine a plane.
CHAPTER 1 REVIEW 29. R T
1. true Y E
2. .
False; it is written as QP
A P
3. true
4. False; the vertex is point D. 30.
5. true
6. true
7. False; its measure is less than 90°.
8. false; two possible counterexamples: 31. A
D C
A
D
A P
P
P B
C
T
APD and APC APD and APC
are a linear pair. are the same angle. 32. A
9. true
10. true
11. False; they are supplementary.
12. true
C B D
13. true
14. true 33.
15. False; it has five diagonals.
16. true
17. F
18. G
19. L
20. J 34.
21. C 2 in.
22. I
23. no match 5 in.
3 in.
24. A
35.
25. no match
26. T
125
E Y
36.
K 40
27. S
5 3
37.
T P
O
7
28. A
I E
38. 114° 51. He will get home at 5:46 (assuming he goes
39. x 2, y 1 inside before he gets blown back again).
40. x 12, y 4 52. (2, 3)
41. x 4, y 2.5 53.
42. x 10, y 8
43. AB 16 cm
44. 96°
45. 105°
46. 30°
47. Quadrilateral
54.
Rectangle Square Rhombus
55.
Trapezoid
48. 66 inches
49. 3 feet 56.
50. The path taken by the midpoint of the ladder is
an arc of a circle or a quarter-circle if the ladder

slides all the way from the vertical to the horizontal.
Shed 57.
Path of flashlight

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Answers to Exercises

CHAPTER 1 • CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 1 • CHAPTER , AC

3. any two of the following: AR, RA

15–17. Check each length to see if it is correct.

35. Answers will vary. Possible answers:

5. S, P, R, Q; none in the second figure

44. You will miss the target because the incom-

S between A and B, and P is between C and D, then

9. B is a Zoid. A Zoid is a creature that has in its

10. A good definition places an object in a class

22. false; Though the converse is true, a

24. false 2 pt.

33. 1 pt. 2 pt.

26. possible answers: (2, 3) or (5, 1)

20. possible answer:

12. possible answers: (1, 1), (1, 0), or (4, 3) E A E A

13. possible answers: (3, 3), (3, 4), (11, 4),

(4, 8), (0, 1), or (1, 6) 26. Q U

15. possible answers:

21b. isosceles right triangles

16. S(9, 0), I(4, 2)

18. A(7, 6), N(5, 9) or A(5, 2), N(7, 1)

26. False. They divide space into seven or eight

27. true 28. (3, 1)

29. perimeter 20.5 cm; m(largest angle) 100°

1. Sample answer: Furniture movers might

10. 25. point, line, plane

an arc of a circle or a quarter-circle if the ladder

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