1.

Please briefly describe the origin and development of spreadsheet。(50 points)

In 1977, Daniel Bricklin and Bob Frankston, as spreadsheet founders, jointly developed a spreadsheet
office software, named VisCalc. In 1983, Lotus Software Company developed a more powerful
spreadsheet office software “a Lotus 1-2-3” with various functions. Then, Excel appeared in 1985. At
that time, Excel 1.0 only supported MacOS. After that, Excel was constantly updated. Prior to 2007,
Excel was updated mainly with a larger data capacity. Data format changes in the 2007 Excel update.
Excel introduced the Ribbon Toolbar in 2010. In 2011, Excel developed the Subscription based cross-
platform cloud service. Then, in 2013 and 2016, Excel was updated again. Until the 2016 version of
Excel, it had 200 million rows of data storage.

2. Please use Excel to do a quadratic regression based on the 2009-2019 Tmall “Double Eleven” Day
GMV data, and explain the detailed process and results (including estimated parameters, R 2) with
screenshot. (50 points)
Process: Since it's a quadratic linear regression, I'm going to square X, and then I'm going to do a
quadratic linear regression based on X, X squared, and Y.

Y=72355.333-95281.825X+30125.9324X2
The data of the formula comes from the data of coefficient in the table. The intercept is the intersection
point of quadratic linear regression on the Y-axis, the coefficient of X Variable 1 is the coefficient in
front of X, and the coefficient of X Variable 2 is the coefficient in front of X square.

R2=0.9996=99.96%
This means that 99.96% of the total change in y can be described in terms of the change in X. At the
same time, the value of 99.96 percent also indicates that the quadratic regression curve has a high
degree of fitting to the observed values.
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