SO GIAO DUC VADAOTAO —_—KY THI CHON DOI TUYEN HQC SINH GIOL TINH DONG THAP DY THI CAP QUOC GIA NAM 2018 pe THI CHINH THUC Maes (Bé thi cé 04 trang) aa Thai gian lam bai: 180 phuit, khong ké thoi gian phat aé Cho nguyén tit khdi mot s6 nguyen t6 nhwe sau: H = 1; C = 12; 0 =16; S = 32; Zn = 65. Thi sinh duege phép ste dung bang tuan hoan cdc nguyén 16 héa hoc. CAu 1 (3,5 diém). 1) Vé dang hinh hoc cia céc phan tir va ion sau (chi r6 cp electron chwa lién SF,, BrF's, XeF. 2) Ba hop chat (A), (B), (C) déu o6 dang tinh thé mau tring & nhigt 46 phong. Biét ring: - Ti Ig s6 nguyén tir va nh6m nguyén tir trong mdi hgp chat (A), (B), (C) la: Pt: Cl: NH3 2 - (A) tan trong dung méi u - (B) tan trong dung m6i khéng phan oye. - (©) la cht dign li manh. Hay vé cdu tric ciia ba hgp chdt (A), (B), (C) trén. 3) Khi héa hoi cdc kim loai kiém trong nhting diéu kign thich hgp, ngudi ta thdy tn tai nhiing phan tir 2 nguyén ti trong dam hoi nay. Hay vé gin 48 nding lugng MO cho phan ti Na; (chi xét v6i ede AO lép ngoai cing cia nguyén tit) va tinh bac lién két trong Nay. 4) Tinh thé NaCI c6 eu tric nhu sau: PCIs, ecr @Nat a) Hay tinh s6 phan tir NaCl c6 trong mot 6 mang co sé. b) Biét m6t 6 mang co sé c6 canh a = 562 pm. Hay tinh ban kinh ion Na’ va Cl? Cau I (1,25 diém). ea Urani trong ty nhién 1a hén hgp cia nhiéu ding vi, trong 46 bén nhat 1a *°U chiém 99,275% khéi luong véi chu ki ban hiy ty = 4,468.10" nim va °U chiém 0,72% khéi long V6i tyo= 7,038.10* nam. Mat khéc cdn cé céc déng vi la san phdm cia cdc chuéi phéng xa nhwr 27h (tia = 1,405.10" nam), ®’Np (ty = 2,14.10° nim) va 24U v6i ham Iugng rat nho (0,005% khéi long). Céc ding vi khéc déu c6 chu ki bin hiy duéi 1 nam. 1) Hoi bao nhiéu nam trude day thi 235 c6 khéi lugng bing Y khéi lugng cia **U? 2) Cho biét dng vj nao trong tat ca cic déng vj 6 trén ld nguyén t6 me trong chudi phong. xa tao ra ?“U va viét so dd chudi phéng xa nay? Biét chudi gdm cdc phéng xaa va B. CAu III (1,75 diém). 1) O mét thi nghiém, mOt nhigt lugng ké chita nude & nhigt 49 22,55°C. Thém 1,565 gam ZnSO, vao nhigt lung ké va hoa tan thi nhiét d9 ciia dung djch trong nhigt lvomg ké li 23,52°C. Trong thi nghigm khdc, mét nhiét Iugng ké cling dugc chuan bj véi cing hrong nude nhu thi nghigm trudc, nhung nhiét 49 cia nude 1a 22,15°C. Thém 13,16 gam ZnSQy.7H;0 vio nhiét lugng ké va héa tan thi nhiét 46 ciia dung dich hic nay 14 21,84°C. Biét nhiét dung riéng cia ca hé déu la 0,900 kI/K trong ca 2 thi nghiém trén. Tinh bién thién entanpi (AH) cla qua trinh sau: ZnSOqq) + 7H;0 —> ZnSOs.7H,0) AH (kJ/mol) Trang W/42) Cho phain img: 2SO2y) + Ory) —= 280s Céc gid tri trong bang s6 ligu sau duge cho 6 diu kign chudin: ‘AH; (kiimol) | _S°@/mol.K) | C, @molK) SOa(k) -297 248 39.9 Ont) 0 205 29,4 $03(k) =396 257 50,7 Hay tinh hing s6 cfn bing K, ciia phin img 6 600°C ? Biét C, la nhigt dung ding 4p, né duge ding 4é tinh entanpi va entropi cia mét chit tit cée gia tr trong ting & digu kign chuan theo cdng thite sau: (1) = AH"; + C,(T — 298 K) ; S(T) = S° + C,ln(T/298 K) va R = 8,314(.mol.K"); T=C+273(K) CAu IV (2,5 diém) 1) Cho phan tmg: $,0,7 + 3 — 280?" + Is” (*) e6 phuong trinh dng hoc nhu sau: v= a Jy is.0>u0r Co ché ciia phan img nay duge dé nghj nhu sau: r + $,0,7>—+518,0,> (a) Is,0,> 2+ 280,° +I* 2) r+ ror, @) ey a ee (4) Co ché nay c6 phit hgp véi phurong trinh d6ng hoe ctia phan img (+) khong? Hay ching minh bang nguyén li ndng 46 dimg én dinh. 2) Cho phn tmg sau: AB, —= A +2B Céc chat trong phan img trén déu la khi Ii turéng. Cho 0,4 mol AB» vao | binh kin c6 thé tich 10 lit. Sau khi dat trang thai cén bing, ap sudt va nhiét 49 hdn hgp 1a 1,20 atm va 300K. ‘Tinh K, ca phan tg trén. 3) Dain tir tir 2,24 lit hn hop khi CO va CO, qua 1,05 dur dun néng. Chat rin sau phan ‘mg hda tan vo dung dich chita Nal va Na;COs dur duge dung dich Y. Dung dich Y phan tmg vita dit v6i 20,00mL dung dich NayS,03 0,10M. Viét cdc phuong trinh phan tng xay ra va xc inh phan trim thé tich khi CO trong hén hop khi ban d4u. Biét cae phan img déu xay ra oan toan. Cau V (3,0 diém). 1) Trén 20,00 mL dung dich NH 0,015 M véi 10,00 mL dung dich HjCOs 0,03 M thu durge 30,00 mL dung dich A. a) Tinh thanh phan giéi han va pH cita dung dich A. b) Tinh thé tich dung dich HC! 0,005 M can thém vao dung dich A 4é thu duge dung dich méi cé pH = 6,35. 2) Lay 3 giot dung dich gdm Ba™* 0,03 M va Sr”* 0,03 M vao éng nghiém rdi thém tiép 6 giot dung dich dm axetat gsm CHsCOOH 0,1 M va CHsCOONa 0,05 M. Sau d6 thém 1 git dung dich K,Cr,O7 IM vao éng nghigm nay. Hoi c6 két tia xuat hign hay khéng? Néu e6 hay cho biét mau sic va thanh phan ciia két tia va giai thich bing nhimg tinh todn cy thé, biét céc gigt dung djch déu c6 thé tich nhu nhau. Cho NH," 66 pK, = 9,24 ; HyCO; c6 pK.= 6,35; 10,33 ; CH;COOH c6 pK,= 4,76 Cr0;? +H,0 = 2CrO,?°+2H* K,=2,3.10% PKypicioy= 9,93 3 PKysicroy= 4,65 BO tan cia CO}: Leor=0,03 M Trang 2/43) Tinh ndng 46 H’ trong dién ewe phai cia pin sau: Pt| Fe 0,1M; Fe’ 0,02M; H* 1M|] MnO," 0,05M; Mn”* 0,02M; Ht (x)M| Pt Biét 6 25°C suat dién dng cia pin do duge 1a 0,72V; © =1,51 V; E° =0,77V; Xin =o, Fano Mn2* rere eee Cau VI (3,0 diém). 1) Cho céc chit sau day: HAC, ° KC. 0 O~i O-= Ho eS en o- 1 2 3 OAc 4 5 Giai thich timg ¥ sau: ___ 8) Hop chat (1) c6 moment Iuéng cyc Ién hon nhiéu so véi déng phan cita né 1a hgp chat (2). b) Hop chit (3) cé tinh axit manh hon hgp chat (4). ) Fulvene (5) thé hign tinh electrophin 6 nguyén tir cacbon ngoai vong. 2) Xée dinh céu hinh lap thé cia hop chit sau (xde dinh R, S déi véi C bat d6i; Z, E déi -v6i lién két d6i): Co) wf HoOC nt on -8 H H vo-}H Ho: ‘H;OH ea Céu VII (2,5 diém). a) b) 1) Nguoi ta tién hanh céc thi nghigm dé xéc dinh cu tao cita m6t hgp chit (A) va thu ~ Phan trim khéi Iugng cde nguyén t6: %C = 80,60 %; %H = 7,46%; con Iai lA oxi. - Phan tir (A) c6 vong benzen va chi c6 1 nguyén tir O. i - Oxi héa chit (A) bang dung dich KMnO, trong HySO,, thu duge hai chat déu lam qui tim hod d6 va 06 cng thite phan tir 1a C7HgQ, va CH,O2. ~ Cho (A) phan img voi CH;MgBr rdi thiy phén thu duge ancol bac ba (B) cé nguyén ttt cacbon bat di. a) Xéc dinh c6ng thirc cu tao va goi tén (A). _b) Héi (B) cé lim quay mat phing phan cyc ciia Anh sing phan cye khéng? Gidi thich. Viét phurong trinh héa hoc tgo thanh (B) tir (A). 2) Hay trinh bay co ché dé giai thich cdc qué trinh bién ddi sau: a) HCH; HC, it mr cHy-cH-cocH, =O CaHONA/CHOH b) ol vet Trang 3/4:) Cau VIII (2,5 diém). oon 1) Hoan thanh cée so dd chuyén héa sau: a) i #0, BOGE OH Stay OS. 4, comm cul LN ce eee Ae CHCOC thy, Tindlar b) 7 c Br, 1. Mg, ee PBs NaCN. py 044 CH) ——+ x —2+ y —— +z SM SN +P 60 AIBr;,t° 2. etylenoxit 3.10 Liall : 5 p SOCh, 4 AIC BA Ee ae inden Bu 2) Vao n&m 1999, nhing cay "hao-LAAM" duge tring & Thai Lan, da téch duge Markanin (L), dang duge thi nghiém cho kha ning chéng ung thu va dic tinh chéng s6t rét, vao nam 2000 tir mt nha may Polyalthia suberosa thi Kalasinamid (K) durgc tach ra, va lA mot chat goi 14 tién Markanin. Téng hgp ctia cc hop chat K, L tir nguén naphthoquinone-1.4 don Bid dye mé ta vao nim 2009 béi cfc nha khoa hoe Bite theo so 46 sau: °° re | oi wos, — nye — Soo, A ap Be om p—__+8 (CxttNOD (CinHigNOs) Neon 20 0H, ot (NH,):Ce(NOs)¢ ‘Nal (CHyMgCl (CH;ONa POCIy? jy eee a a occrnpsicr Mah CHLOM N03) ocr, (kK) Viet cng thite céu tao cia céc chat (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), (F), (G), (H), (J) va (L), biét ring (NHy),Ce(NOs),, durge sit dung trong bude tng | hop cudi cing 1a m6t chat oxi hoa manh, = Hét- Ho va tén thi sinh: ‘6 bdo danh: Chit kj GTI: Chit kj GT2: Trang 4/4SG GIAO DUC VA DAO TAO KY THI CHON DOI TUYEN HOC SINH GIOI DY THI TINH DONG THAP CAP QUOC GIA NAM 2018 Mon thi: Hod hoc HDC DE THI CHINH THUC (Huéng din chém 6 09 trang) L Hwéng din chung 1) Néu hoc sinh lam bai khéng theo céch néu trong dép 4n nhung dang, chinh xéc, chat cché thi cho di s6 diém cia cau a6. 2) Vige chi tiét hoa (néu c6) thang diém trong huéng dn cham phai bao dm khong lim sai Igch huéng din cham va phai duge théng nhat thyc hién trong t6 chdm. IL. Dap an va thang diém Cau I (3,5 diém). NOI DUNG DIEM 1) 1,0 Dang hinh hoe cia ede phan ti va ion: F F 0,25x4 Cs: F Fay, | wv F Si Nr a F F 2) 1,0 (A) phan cue nén tan trong dung m6 phan cue, (B) khdng phin ewe, (C) 1a hop chat ion nén dign li manh trong nude. Cu tric ctia 3 hgp chat (A), (B), (C) nhur sau: @ ®) a NH Wha fe NHs l © 2 = it o i 0,5 HyN—Pt—NH, eaten, P NHs a 3) 0,5 Giin 48 ning long MO cia Na; E 0,25 Trang 1/9Bac lién két trong phan tir Na, 1a (2-0)/2 = 1, 0,25 4) 1,0 ‘a) Trong 1 6 mang co so:cO S6 ion Na 1a 12x % + 1=4 0,125 SéionCIla 8x 1/8 +6x%4=4 0,125 ‘Vay 1 mang cé 4 phan tir NaCl. 0,25 ») 562 21>, 2 = fy. =198,7pm 0,25 2 = 82,3 fa He Z Ay 7823Pm 0,25 Cau II (1,25 diém). NOI DUNG DIEM Dy) 0,75 Gi sir cach day ¢ nim thi “°U c6 khdi lugng bing % khoi lwong cia "Uva mo la khoi luong cia U"* tai thisi diém 46. Tab: 0,125 0,125 5799.275%e *« = 0,720.¢'25" 0,25 99.275;_In2___ina_ *2.0720°7,038.10°.a 4,468.10".a Vay f= 5,102.10" nim (Chir “a” trong bigu thie tinh t, 6 tn chi dom vj nim, c6 thEBS |g 95 di khng can viét vao) 5 2) 05 |55U 1a me ciia chudi phong xa tao ra7"U 0,25 Ta cé chudi phéng xa tao ra 7“U tir ™U nhu sau: hes Bye, M Ty Pty wy By Cau IM (1,75 diém). NOI DUNG DIEM 1) 0,75 ZnSO,(r) —> ZnSO,(dd) ee AH)=- 0,900.(23,52-22,55).161/1,565 = -89,81 kJ/mol ZnSO4.7 H 20(t) —> ZnSO,(dd) + 7H20 025 ‘AFD= -0,900. (21,84-22,15),287/13,16= 6,085ki/mol Trang 2/9ZnSO, (r) + 7 H,0 —> ZnSO,.7 20) 0,25 AH = AH; -AH; = - 95,89 kJ/mol 2) 10 ‘ACp=-7,81K" 0,125 AHg73 = -198.10° — 7,8. 575 = -202,49 kJ. 0,25 ASg73 = -187— 7,8.1n(873/298) = -195,38 JKT 0,25 AG=AH-T.AS 0,125 eaten a =2K, = 81,27 E Cfu IV (2,5 diém). NQI DUNG DIEM 1) 0,75 velo Boi ke fad 20 ee fRd fete 00) i aa ,125xé Meg fS.071- Wy P-)=0 ke fh) - T= G+ 5,005 =0,5 ED ig «101 £52081 - a [15:05] =0 > ka ad“ (F] = ka = E07 £52041 3 ve Bde gh) = k.Y8:007] am eae bi ssn nels NS Dat k =k ta duge v= “= k[T}[S;0x"]. Vay co ché nay phi hgp v6i bigu thie d@ng hoc di cho 6 trén. 2» 0,75 AB, = A * 2B Ban diu 0,4 mol Can bing (0,4-x) x 2x mol ; 1210 _ Ta: tng s6 mol khi sau phin img *222- = 0,4878 mol ene — x= 0,0439 mol 0,125 Tas A” gaa76* h2 = 0,108 atm 0,125 Ppg= 0,216 atm Papo = 0,876 atm 0,125 - PBs .7521.10° atm? Kp Fao NISRA a 0,25 » 1,0 ‘Cac phan img dién ra: 5CO + b0s + SCO. +, 0,1x5, 1+Nal — Nal; =0,5 1,05 + H,0 — 2HIO; Trang 3/9HIO; + NajCO3 — NaHCO + Nal Nal; + 2NaxS203 —> 3Nal + NajSsOx 5 Tir cdc phan img trén suy ra noo =5.My, = > ny, = 5.10 mol. 025 Khi CO chiém 5,0% vé thé tich hon hgp dau. 0,25 Cau V (3,0 diém). NQIDUNG DIEM 1D 1,5 Sau khi trén Cyws=0,01M —— Cyncos= 0,01 M Phan img : NH; + H:CO; = NH, + HCOy 0,125 0,01M 001M TPGH gin 0,01M 0,01M 0,125 a) Tinh pH: 20 eH + NEY 2 A ich HCO; = HG al HCO; +H* = HCO; itu kign proton: (H'] = [OH] + [NH] + [CO;"] — [HsCOs] 0,125 K, [NH,*] [HCO; ] 1 ~ WH = (Ht}=5 +k, BHT, x, COs) -tHco, Ht] (H"] Hw) ory 2] 1 3 0,125 ab ae (HCOs] = rage 0,01 @ 0,125 (NH 7001 @) 0,125 ‘Tinh lp theo (1), (2) va (3) duge két qua: NH HCos h pH 0,01M 0,01M 1,668.10 M 7,778 9,667.10°M —9,614.10°M —1,673.10°M_ 7,777 0,25 Dimg lp. Vay pH = 7,777 7,78. b) Dit Vici = V (mL) Theo dinh Iugt trung hoa dign ta c6: Ofias (H’] + (NH,'] = [OH] + [Cr] + [HCO3] + 2[C0;7] » 635 , 001X30 _h_ _ 19.748 , OO0SKV , 001530 hikes #2 kaa Ka IOs it mers nzaae Oe aoe” bere “teneecteee ied V=29,918~ 30 mL 0,25 Hs c6 thé lim theo céch gin diing la dnh gid trong quan ndng 46 gitta céc dang cla Trang 4/9CO;* tai pH= 6,35 HCI thém vao di 4é trung hda % lugng HCO; thanh HxCO3 > V = 30 mL ‘Néu lap luan ding van cho di diém 1a 0,5 diém. 2) 1,0 ‘Nong 46 céc chat trong 6ng nghiém sau khi thém héa chat: Ba’ 0,009M —Sr*0,009M — CHsCOOH 0,06 M 0,25 ‘CH3COONa 0,03 M KxCr0, 0,1M pH ciia hé do dung dich dém CHsCOOH 0,06 M /CH;COONa 0,03 M quyét dinh pH= pK, + Ig Cy/C, = 4,76 #1g 0,03/0,06 = 4,46. (Kiém tra diéu kign: pH= 4,76 nén [H"] va [OH] khéc xa 107 Cx, Cp>> [H'] va [OH] — Tinh pH = 4,46 1 chp nhgn, 0,125 Cn07*+H,0 = 2Cr0,* +2H* K, =23.107 {] 01x 2x 104 2x) .(10*** Tacé: (oy (Galina y =2,3.10°% (0,1-z) 0,125 x= 2,187.10 = [CrO?)] = 4,374.10 M 0,125 Xét [Ba”].[ CrO4*] = 3,94.10 > Kyercron= 10° nén e6 két tiia BaCrOy 0,125 [Sr ].[ CrOs"] = 3,94.10% Exoznas = US314V 0,125 Ma i [Mn0; }.[H'}* Exponent ete ROE tary > 0,25 => [H’]=1,500M Cau VI (3,0 diém). NQIDUNG DIEM yd 12 a) Hop chat (1) 6 momen lung eye Ién hon nhieu hgp chat (2) vi : khi n6 o6 mot oa tric céng huéng (1°) & dang phan cyc manh thi xuat hién 2 vong déu 1a hé thom 0,4 Trang 5/9Con (2) khOng tin tai kiéu clu tric cOng hung nao phan eye manh nhu (1°) b) Hop chat (3) 6 tinh axit manh hon hgp chat (4) vi khi tach Hi (axit) cia hop chat (3) thi tgo ra anion va anion nay cé cu tric cong huéng 14 hgp chdt thom. H Hy °. iat HCL Hx o, al Oo — Oo — oO ©) Lién két x (C=C) cia hidrocacbon thing [a téc nhan nucleophin khong phai 1A tée nhan electrophin. Tuy nhién khi mt réc nhan Nu tén cong vao nguyen tir C ngoai ‘vong cia mot hgp chit khong thom la Fulvene thi tao ra anion 1a hgp chat thom. na oe 18 A 4, 06 (méi chu hink ding duege 0,1 diém) b) Hon u—tou HOH oe HoH We bow (méi chu hink ding dugc 0,1 diém) 0,7 (méi cau hink ding duge 0,1 diém) Cfu VII (2,5 diém) NOI DUNG DIEM 1) 1,0 a) Xéc dinh durge céng thie don gian gidn nhét: CsH1oO 0,25 (A) c6 1 nguyén tir O nén CTPT cita (A) 1a CHO Phan tir (A) 6 46 bat bio hoa A = 5, c6 1 nguyén tit O va khi bj oxi hoa béi dung djch ett tao ra 2 axit c6 CTCT 1a CeHs-COOH va CH3;COOH nén CTCT cé thé c6 cita (A) 2x0,125 Trang 6/9(CHs-CO-CHs-CHs holie CeHs-CH-CO-CEb. 0,25 (B) c6 nguyén tit C bat 46i nén CTCT cita (A) phai la CeHs-CO-CHp-CHs. Tén goi cia (A) : Etyl phenyl xeton. 0,25 PN aaa yoy yeep peatimedieg onl yagey ea (CH3MgBr vio nhém C=O cia A theo 2 huéng nhu nhau. Do 46, sin thu duge 1a hén hgp raxemic, vi véy khOng lam quay m&t phiing phan cy cia énh sing phan eye. CHy Tran + CHsMgBr —> C,H,;—C*—CH,CH, MgBr 0,25 CH; CHy CoHs—C—CH,CHy + Hj0 —> C,H;—C'—CH;CH; + Mg(OH)Br (eBr OH (Hn hgp raxemic) 2 15 a) H we g Fe Feat 0,5 oH HE. HE. Bo, Be, oa 0,5 Trang 7/9° 0,5 SOCK ak Ly hoe oF ‘Cu Vill (2,5 diém). NOI DUNG DIEM tb 15 a) a. HO(CH,),0H—#" BCH; OH Q necro L_) cot, eee oe Cah @) viet tit (Br-(CH,)5-O-THP) es (Ag) UNE Lice och, oTHe MH cr cmc(cH,oTHP BO or cemcccHyon | 75 (ao (3) Ge) ~CHOOC! 6 14, Gm C(CH)p-0- C- CH E> Calls (CH,)g-0-C-CH 4 0: §- CH Tindar vat § (A) ¢ Ad. Meee Gia Temon ‘eylen oxit, AD. Zz ii: 0,75 Trang 8/91,0 1,0 t-Bu" 1-BuOH ‘OC Hs be OH PBry — CH co cl ma OCH; 4 Heo O CHs {NH )2Ce(NO3)g, N H iE, Ke (Diy bién héa cé 10 chat, méi chat ding duege 0,1 diém.) ét - Trang 9/9