DESIGN OF TRUSS

DESIGN OF A MONOSLOPE ROOF TRUSS

Span L = 3.00m Tread = 300mm Riser = 200mm fc’ = 20.7MPa fy = 275MPa Yc= 23.5kN/m³s

G
1.50 H

D I
C B 11
E A

7.50

DEAD LOAD

WEIGHT OF TRUSS:
Try L2- 2 x 2 x ¼” (vertical and diagonal members)
WTRUSS = LTw
Weight of Angle Bar = 0.093 kN/m
Try L2-2 ½” x 2 ½” x ¼” (upper and bottom chord)
FOR
WeightVERTICAL
of Angle Bar = MEMBERS:
0.12 kN/m
W Truss =( 0.093 ) ( 2.27 )=0.21111 kN
FOR DIAGONAL MEMBERS:
UPPER CHORD:
WW
Truss ==
Truss ( 0.093
( 0.12) )((5.43 ) =0.918 kNkN
7.65)=0.50499
FOR BOTTOM
Weight CHORD:
of Roofing = 0.08 kN/m ( baylength )
W Truss =( 0.12 )( 7.5 )=0.9 kN
= 0.08(3.5)
FOR KING POST: = 0.28 kN
LIVE LOAD:
W =( 0.12 )( 1.5 )=0.18 kN
Truss
Live Load = 0.75 kPa on horizontal Projection
Weight of Purlin= =0.75
0.07(1.5)
kN/m= 1.125 kN/m
WIND LOAD: = 0.07(7.65) = 0.5355 kN
V=250 kph P = 3.6933 kPa Ѳ = 11°

Duche min Formula

2 Psinθ 2 ( 3.6933 ) sin 11°
P n= 2
= 2
=1.35992kN /m2
1+sin θ 1+sin 11°
P L=Pn A RS=1.36 ( 1.5 )=2.04 kN

DEAD LOAD + LIVE LOAD

 WIND LOAD
DESIGN OF TRUSS

Fx ¿ 2.81 sin (10 ° )=0.487 kN Fy ¿ 2.81 cos ( 10 ° )=2.767 kN

Fx ¿ 1.405 sin ( 10° ) =0.244 kN Fy ¿ 1.405 cos ( 10 ° )=1.383 kN

DEAD LOAD + LIVE LOAD + WIND LOAD

Truss analysis

SME = 0;
SMA = 0;
8.5RA = 9.42 (2.125 + 4.25 + 6.375) +
8.5Ey = 9.42 (2.125 + 4.25 + 6.375 + 8.5) +
4.71 (8.50) - 0.50 (1.5 + 1.13 + 0.75 +
0.5 (1.5 + 1.13 + 0.75 + 0.38
0.38)
Ey = 23.77kN
RA = 18.62kN

Method of joints: computation of members

 DESIGN OF TRUSS

By symmetry:
SFy = 0; SFx = 0;
AB = BC
RA – 4.71 – AIsin10° = 0 AB + 0.24 – Aicos10° = 0
AI = (18.62 – 4.71) sin10° AB = 80.10cos10° + 0.24 BC = 79.12kN (T)
AI = 80.10kN (C) AB = 79.12kN (T)
BI = 0

SFy = 0;
9.42 + HIsin10° - AIsin10° - CIsin10° = 0 EQ’N 1 & EQ’N 2:
9.42 + HIsin10° - (80.10)sin10° - CIsin10° = 0 HI – CI = 25.85
54.25 + HI - 80.10 - CI= 0 HI + CI = 80.6077
2HI = 106.4577
HI – CI = 25.85-- EQ’N 1
HI = 53.23kN (C)

SFx= =80.10kN
AI 0; (C) From EQ’N 1:
AIcos10° + 0.5 – HIcos10°-CIcos10° = 0 HI – CI = 25.85
80.10 + 0.5077 – HI-CI= 0 CI = 53.23 – 25.85
HI + CI = 80.6077-- EQ’N 2 CI = 27.38kN (C)

SFy = 0; SFx = 0;
CH = CIsin10° CD – BC + CIcos10° = 0
CH = 27.38sin(10°) CD = 79.12 – 27.38cos10°
CH = 4.75kN (T) CD = 52.16kN (T)

SFy = 0;
9.42 + CH + GHsin10° - DHsin10° - IHsin10° = 0 EQ’N 1 & EQ’N 2:
14.17 + GHsin10° - DHsin19° - 53.23sin10° = 0 1.87DH - GH = 28.37
81.60 + GH – 1.87DH – 53.23 = 0 0.96DH + GH = 53.7377
2.83DH = 82.1077
1.87DH - GH = 28.37-- EQ’N 1
DH = 29.01kN (C)

SFx = 0; From EQ’N 1:

AI = 80.10kN (C)
HIcos10° + 0.5 – DHcos19°-GHcos10° = 0 1.87DH – GH = 28.37
53.23 + 0.5077 – 0.96DH - GH= 0 GH = 1.87(29.01) – 28.37
0.96DH + GH = 53.7377-- EQ’N 2 GH = 25.8787kN (C)

SFy = 0; SFx = 0;
DG = DHsin19° DE – CD + DHcos19° = 0
DG = 29.01sin(19°) DE = 52.16 - 29.01cos10°
DG = 9.44kN (T) DE = 23.59kN (T)

SFy = 0;
9.42 + DG + FGsin10° - EGsin28° - GHsin10° = 0 EQ’N 1 & EQ’N 2:
18.86 + FGsin10° - EGsin28° - 53.23sin10° = 0 2.70EG - FG = 55.38
108.61 + FG – 2.70EG – 53.23 = 0 0.90EG + FG = 53.7377
3.60EG = 109.1177
2.70EG - FG = 55.38-- EQ’N 1
EG = 30.31kN (C)

SFx = 0; From EQ’N 1:

AI = 80.10kN (C)
GHcos10° + 0.5 – EGcos28°-FGcos10° = 0 2.70EG - FG = 55.38
53.23 + 0.5077 – 0.90EG - FG= 0 FG = 2.70(30.31) – 55.38
0.90EG + FG = 53.7377-- EQ’N 2 FG = 26.457kN (C)
 DESIGN OF TRUSS

SFy = 0; SFx = 0;
EF + EGsin28° = Ey ED + Ex - EGcos28° = 0
EF = 23.77 – 30.31 sin28° Ex = 30.31cos28° - 23.59
EF = 9.54kN (C) Ex = 3.17kN (C)

FOR TOP CHORD AND BOTTOM CHORD:

Double Angles 2 ½” x 2 ½” x ¼”
Section Properties:
Area = 1487.5 mm2 rX= 19.23 mm
rY= 28.55 mm k = 1.00 (pin-connected members)
L = 2.125 (1000) = 2125 mm Fy = 425MPa
Axial Load = 80.1kN

Le 1(2125)
= = 110.5044
r 19.23 ¿ 2

Cc=
√ 2π E
Fy
2
=
425
2
2 π (200000) =
√
Fa= 1−
r
( ())
2
2Cc FS
Fy

( 110.5044 )2 425
96.37966
¿ > Cc
Fa =
( 1−
)
2 ( 96.37966 )2 1.908
r Fa = 76.32
3
3 ¿ ¿ P = AFa = (1487.5)(76.32)/1000
5
FS= +
r
−
r() () P = 113.5381kN > 80.1kN
3 8 Cc 8 Cc3
3
5 3 ( 110.5044 ) ( 110.5044 )
FS= + − 3
3 8 ( 96.37966
FOR VERTICAL AND 8 ( 96.37966 ) MEMBERS:
) DIAGONAL
Double Angles 2” x 2” x ¼”
Section Properties:
Area = 1850 mm2 rX= 15.47 mm
rY= 21.56 mm k = 1.00 (pin-connected members)
L = 2.06 (1000) = 2060 mm Fy = 425MPa
Axial Load = 30.301 kN

Le 1(2157)
= = 139.4312
r 15.47 ¿ 2

Cc=
2π2E
Fy √=
2 π 2 (200000) =
425√ Fa= 1−
r
( )
2
2Cc FS
Fy ()
96.37966 ( 139.4312 )2 425
¿
r > Cc
Fa= 1−
(
2 ( 96.37966 ) 2
1.8307 )
3 ¿ ¿ 3 Fa = 107.0756
5
FS= +
r
−
r () () P = AFa = (1850)(107.0756) = 198.0898kN > 30.301kN
3 8 Cc 8 Cc3