1830PSS 16 - 32 Operation and Maintenance

1830PSS
(Photonic Service Switch)

16/32 Operation & Maintenance
LOGO
Contents
1 PRODUCT OVERVIEW
2 SYSTEM FEATURES
3 PROVISIONING
4 MAINTENANCE AND ADMINISTRATION

Course objectives
1830PSS (PHOTONIC SERVICE SWITCH)-16/32

SWDM OPERATION & MAINTENANCE
Upon completion of this course, you should be able to:
 Describe high level the 1830 PSS structure and main functionalities,
 Describe the different node architectures, the hardware and the boards,
 Perform the board configuration,
 Illustrate a simple example of traffic set-up,
 Perform maintenance operations based on traffic already set-up,
 Describe how to change a board and the air filter.
PRODUCT OVERVIEW
PRODUCT_OVERVIEW_AND_KEY_FEATURE_PSS_FAMILY
Module objectives
 Identify the 1830 PSS portfolio

 Perform an overview on main features and architectures.
Table of Contents
1830 PSS family
 Network view from access to the core
1830 PSS features overview
 Key functions and features

 Multiple configurations: FOADM, ROADM, TOADM, CDC-F
 Comparative architecture: ROADM, C-F, C-D and CDC-F
 SWDM vs. OCS
 Cluster concept
 Module summary
1830PSS family
Network view from access to the core

1830PSS family
Network view from access to the core

1830 PSS features overview
WDM: Engineering:
 8 channel CWDM
 44/88/96 DWDM platform • PtP, Ring, Mesh capable
 Tunable and pluggable OTs • FOADM,ROADM & TOADM architectures
 40G: x-DPSK and coherent technology • Planning Tool and Automated
 50G, 100G, 200G, 250G: Coherent Commissioning
technology for long haul optical • Optical Channel Provisioning and Monitoring
applications (Wavelength Tracker)
Interfaces:
 Scalable Line: 4G, 11G, 43G, 65G, Configurations:

112G, 130G, 260G, 325G
 Wide range of SW configurable multi-  FOADM, ROADM, TOADM
service or any-rate cards  C-F, C-D, CDC-F
 Client Interfaces: OTH, SDH/SONET,
GBE, 10GBE (TDM with ext. shelves)
Control Plane:
Protection: GMPLS control plane
Several protection schemes to Multi-Region-Networking MRN
protect against node NOTE: minimum 16 GB EC & 1830
PSSECX-x
components or network failures software load required
Multiple Configurations
FOADM/ROADM/TOADM/CDC-F Unique Architecture
FOADM ROADM TOADM CDC-F
SFD WR/IROADM CWR WR-TFM
 Colorless ports
 No colorless ports o Colorless add/drop  Coherent
 Low-cost static  Colored add/drop capability for OTs Optimized
filter capability connected to ROADM
 Colored  Automated colorless ports.  Automated
add/drop commission o Automated commission
capability  Power control & commission  Power control &
 Up to: Optical monitoring o Power control & Optical
2 degrees CWDM  Any direction Optical monitoring monitoring
4 degrees DWDM  Up to 8 degrees (4 o Any direction  Any direction
for iROADM) o Up to 8 degree  Up to 20 degrees
 Contentionless
 No Flexibility  More Flexibility o Adv. Flexibility

 Full Flexibility
 Manual re-  Easier design o Simple design,
 Contentionless
fibering  Manual re- planning,
add/drop block
 Less CAPEX fibering operation
Multiple Configurations
Comparative architecture: ROADM, C-F, C-D and CDC-F

SWDM vs OCS
SWDM NE
 supports WDM and switching functionality
1830 PSS-8 1830PSS 16/16II 1830PSS 32 1830PSS 24x

OCS NE
 supports primarily OCS functionality on 1830 PSS -36/64
1830PSS 36 1830PSS 64
Cluster concept
OCS NE
 each OCS NE: 1 master shelf; up to 7 extension shelves
 each OCS NE supports IP address and L1 MRN on its master
Cluster concept
SWDM NE
 SWDM NE: 1 master shelf; up to 23 extension shelves

 each SWDM NE can include PSS-24x as master or extension
 each SWDM NE supports IP address and L1 (for 24x)/L0 MRN on its master
Cluster concept
 1 SWDM NE must be main NE

 up to 3 other NEs (SWDM or OCS) as tributary NEs
 main NE can manage OTs from tributary NEs
 NMS (NSP/NFM-T) is mandatory.
Cluster concept
SWDM NE configuration as Main NE in a cluster

Cluster concept
SWDM NE configuration as Tributary NE in a cluster

PRODUCT_OVERVIEW_AND_KEY_FEATURE_BASICS
Table of Contents
 OTH basic review

 OTH multiplexing and mapping
 OTM multiplexing structure
 OTN ITU-T G.709 network layers
 UNI and NNI interfaces
OTH basic review
SONET/SDH
Ethernet/IP/ATM
OSC
OTH basic review
OTM Multiplexing Structure
OTH basic review
OTM Multiplexing Structure
OTN Network Layer
Network Interface
Block Diagram for UNI:

the ODUk and the OPUk
sections are terminated
Block Diagram for NNI:

only the OTUk section is
terminated
SYSTEM FEATURES
Module objectives
Upon completion of this module, you should be able to:

 Discuss all the architecture of the 1830 PSS and the possible configurations
SYSTEM_ARCHITECTURE_OADM
Contents
 1830 PSS WDM - High level functional blocks

 1830 PSS Optical Architecture
 1830 PSS Filter Configuration Options
 NE configurations
 Tunable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (TOADM)
 Integrated Metro ROADM (iROADM)
 CDC-F Architecture
 In Line Amplifier (ILA)
 Network configurations - Examples
 Network Topologies
 Linear network – DWDM FOADM configuration
 Further NE configurations
 Degrees 2-5 – ROADM configuration (88 channel)
 Node Directionless – reference diagram
1830 PSS Optical Architecture
1830 PSS Filter Configuration Options
TOADM
Tunable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer
System grows in units of 8 colorless Add/Drop channels.
ROADM
Reconfigurable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer
System can be configured along the following options:
• Full 88 channels
Fixed OADM
• Variety of smaller arrangements
CWDM Filters
Available in 8, 4, and 2 channel options
DWDM Filters
Available in 5, 8, 40, and 44 channel options
for a total of 5 to 88 channels
Flex-grid ROADM CDC-F

Flexible grid Reconfigurable Optical
Add/Drop Multiplexer with colorless,
directionless, and contention-less
add/drop capability:
Supports up to 8degrees, 88 channels
Tunable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (TOADM)



Integrated Metro ROADM (iROADM)

Colorless iROADM
Fixed Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (FOADM)
A fixed filter architecture (there are several variations of FOADMs:

DFOADM, CFOADM, ECFOADM)
CDC-F Architecture
In Line Amplifier (ILA)
ILAs are DWDM only

Bi-directional ILA shown
F/T/R OADM and directionless benefits
Composed of: SFD/SFC
Composed of: SFD/SFC Composed of: CWR/WR and Path through Composed of:
SFD WR on the line side
Path through: No flexibility Path through: 100% flexibility CWR/WR in the ADD/DROP
(manual change required) Add & Drop: side
Add & Drop: No flexibility No flexibility Path through: 100% flexibility
(manual change required) Add & Drop: 100% flexibility: No
flexibility
(manual change required)
Add & Drop: No flexibility
(manual change required)
NETWORK TOPOLOGY
Linear topology
Nodes having 1 degree (terminal nodes)
or 2 Degrees (middle nodes)
Not expensive but low failure protection
Ring topology
Each node 2-degree
Ring Protection available
Ring interconnection and meshed

More than one ring interconnected
Multi degree node to inter connect more
rings
NETWORK TOPOLOGY
Linear network – DWDM FOADM configuration
NETWORK TOPOLOGY
Degrees 2 – TOADM configuration (44 channel)

NETWORK TOPOLOGY
Degrees 2 – TOADM configuration (88 channels)

NETWORK TOPOLOGY
Degrees 4 – TOADM configuration (44 channel)

NETWORK TOPOLOGY
Degrees 2-5 – ROADM configuration (88 channel)

NETWORK TOPOLOGY
Degrees 8 – ROADM configuration (88 channel)
NETWORK TOPOLOGY
Node Directionless
SYSTEM_ARCHITECTURE_OPS
Table of Contents
 Protection schema
 Protection Schema overview
 OLP Protection
 OMSP Protection
 OPS Protection
 E-SNCP
 O-SNCP
 Client Side OPS
• Optical Line Protection (OLP) protects only the optical lines.

OLP
• Optical Multiplexer Section Protection (OMSP) protects the Line Drivers, which
OMSP includeamplifiers, Optical Supervisory Channel (OSC) cards and the optical lines.
• Optical Physical Section Protection (OPS), also called Optical Channel Protection
OPS (OCHP),protects the channel between the optical transponder and the filter card.
• Electrical Sub-block Network Connection Protection (E-SNCP) is performed inside the optical
transponder cards and protects the optical channel. Depending on OT type, HO ODU SNCP
E-SNCP or LO ODU-k SNCP are supported.
• Optical Sub-block Network Connection Protection (O-SNCP) is performed by a Y-cable and

O-SNCP
protects the optical transponder, as well as the optical channel.
• Client-side OPS protects the optical transponder and the optical channel.
Client side
OPS
OLP Protection
Protects the optical lines->

Protects the path between two adjacent network element degrees by splitting
to and selecting from two transmission fibers
Based on:
OPSA (Enhanced Optical protection switch pack)
OMSP Protection
Optical Multiplexer Section Protection (OMSP):

 Protects the Line Drivers, include amplifiers, OSC cards & optical lines.
 Provides 2 different paths for OMS segment of the network
Based on:
 OPSA (Enhanced Optical protection switch pack): at the source-end it provides the
optical split and at the sink end the OPS selects one of the two possible input signals.
OPS Protection
Optical Physical Section protection (OPS)

 Protects the channel between OT and the filter (it protects
Fiber/Amplifier/Filter)
 It is also called Optical Channel Protection (OCHP)
Based on:
 OPSA (Enhanced Optical protection switch pack)
OPS Protection
Protection of alien wavelengths

E-SNCP
 Protects against failure of fiber, Amplifier, and filter
 E-SNCP can be at HO ODU level or at service level/ LO ODU-k, depending on the involved OTs
 It is implemented by permanent head-end bridging and dynamic tail-end selection).
1+1 Optical Sub-block Network Connection Protection (O-SNCP):
 It Protects against Fiber, Amplifier, Filter, and Transponder failure

 It is based on Y-cable that connects two client ports of the OTs
 Head-end bridge and Tail-end combiner
 The OTs must reside in the same shelf
Optical Physical Section (OPS) protection:
 Protects the client side against a line failure (LOS or LD), OT failure and Shelf failure
 Two OTs are used (placed in the same shelf or in different shelves)
 Based on OPSB that allows to switch in case of shelf outage
HARDWARE_DESCRIPTION
Table of Contents
Shelf
Additional shelves
1830 PSS-32 Shelf
1830 PSS-16 Shelf
Building blocks - Common packs 19
Equipment Controllers
EC types
Power Filters
Common Pack - Fan Unit
1830 PSS-32 shelf
 32 paired half-height application

cards
or:
 16 full-height application cards
 2 redundant equipment controllers
(EC)
 2 redundant power input filters
 1 user panel
 1 fan tray
 Up to 64x10G per shelf, or up to
192 10G per Bay
1830 PSS-16 shelf
 16 paired half-height application cards

or:
 full-height application cards (horizontal plugging)
 2 redundant equipment controllers (EC)
 2 redundant power input filters
 1 user panel
 1 fan tray
 Up to 160 60G per Bay
1830 PSS-8 Shelf
 Scalable metro access/aggregation shelf

 800G capacity with 200 slot-to-slot connectivity
 DC or AC power
 Supports FOADM, ROADM, TOADM
configurations
Shelf
Common building blocks

 Mandatory circuit packs
 Optional components
Backplane
 Interfaces
 Power
 Data & Signaling transfer
Additional shelves
Not hosted in the universal shelf: SFD40/44 (40B, 44B), DCM, ITLU/B, Fiber
Storage tray.
o Separate shelf required
o Rack mountable
o Shelf number assignment during provisioning
o Mountable in flex shelf.
1830 PSS-32 Universal Shelf

1830 PSS-32 Shelf
Three shelves can fit into a standard 7-foot rack.
Power and Grounding

 Nominal voltage is .48V or -60V DC. Operate fault-free in a voltage range of
-40V DC to -72V DC.
 Fully redundant with two circuits, A and B, able to supply power to the shelf.
Redundant power feeds (A and B) are connected to the power modules.
 Power filters are available in 20A, 30A, 50A, 60A, and 70A capacities.
 A non-managed 20A PF no circuit breaker without WL tracker.
 Shelf can be grounded in two separate ways. Grounding can be
accomplished through the screws that mount the shelf to the rack or through
specific grounding lugs. The grounding lug connection point is located in the
bottom right corner of the shelf.
Cooling
 Shelf is cooled by three variable-speed fans.
 Fan tray is located near the top of shelf.
 Incoming air is filtered through a replaceable air filter.
 All unused slots require a blank filler.
High capacity fan required for:
 RA2P RAMAN pump
 40G/100G coherent packs
1830 PSS-32 Shelf

Multi-Shelf Connectivity
1830 PSS: 1 Main shelf (controller) & up to 23

extension shelves:
Total 24 shelves managed as single NE
LAN connection -> ES ports on EC card
Connect lower ES port ES2 to upper ES port ES1 of

next shelf.
Last subrack: connect ES2 to ES1 of Main ES.
NOTE: only one User panel in each

node, always on the Main shelf
Behind the User panel is a switch which
identifies the subrack ID.
1830 PSS-32 USRPNL
1830 PSS_16 Universal Shelf
 12 inches / 313mm deep

 17 ¼ inches / 438mm wide
 14 inches / 355mm tall
 NOTE: 5 can fit into a standard rack
Power and grounding:

 Nominal voltage is -48V or -60V DC.
 Operates fault-free in a voltage range of -40V DC to -72V DC.
 Fully redundant, with two circuits, A and B, is able to supply power to the shelf. Redundant power
feeds (A and B) are connected to the power modules.
 Power filter 20A or 35A managed (Wavelength Tracker keyed)
 Shelf can be grounded in two separate ways. Grounding can be accomplished through the screws
that mount the shelf to the rack or through specific grounding lugs. The grounding lug connection
point is located in the bottom right corner of the shelf.
Cooling:
 Shelf is cooled by variable-speed fans.
 Fan tray is located bottom of shelf.
 Provide full carrier class redundancy. In the event of any
single failure, fans continue to operate up to the maximum long-term
operational temperature limit defined in NEBS (40°C).
 Air is drawn through fans at the bottom of the shelf,
passed through an air filter on the right side of the shelf,
across any installed cards, and exhausted on the left side of the chassis.
 The air filter on the right side of the chassis is replaceable
from the front of the shelf.
 All unused slots require a blank filler.
1830 PSS-16 Circuit pack slots
Multi-Shelf Connectivity
1830 PSS -16: 1 Master PSS-16 shelf and up to 8

PSS-16 or PSS-32 extension shelves
LAN cable connection by ES ports on

the EC card. Same cabling as for
PSS-32.
Master and extension shelf configurations are supported.

PSS-16 USRPNL
Building blocks - Common packs
Equipment Controller
 4 RJ45 LAN ports & USB port

 Communications & processing in universal and Main shelf
 System storage (software & database)
 Optional redundant configuration
 Compact Flash capacity: (4GB), 16G and 16 GB
needed for Control Plane configuration and new cards (e. g.
iROADM cards)
CIT LAN port (active on Main shelf only):

 for local LAN connection to the node (CLI, WebUI).
EC Types
8EC2 EC 32EC2
High Performance EC
For PSS-8 For PSS-16/32
For PSS-16II/32
Power Filters
PSS-16
 20 Amp
 35 Amp Circuit
Breaker PSS-32
 20 Amp
 Low Cost 20Amp
 30 Amp
 60 Amp
 50 Amp
 70 Amp
FAN Unit
Fan tray
 Plugged into backplane
 Multiple fans individually monitored.
 Speed controlled by NE software.
FAN
Temperature sensors located in the
Power Filters drive EC adjustment of the
fan speed
HARDWARE_DESCRIPTION_AMPLIFIERS
Table of Contents
 Building blocks - Amplifier

 Line Driver (LD)/Optical Amplifiers (OA)
 RAMAN amplifiers
 RA2P-96 Raman Amplifier
 EDFA Booster
Building blocks - Amplifier
Line Driver (LD)/Optical Amplifiers (OA)
Building blocks - Amplifier
Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFAs):

 Amplifies any optical signal within its operating range
 Bandwidth depends on the design of the amplifier
 Initially about 1530-1560 nm
 EDFA has some limitations, such as build up of gain distortion
and Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE)
EDFA Characteristics:
 Erbium is a rare earth element that can be added to the glass
of a short length of fiber.
 When an Erbium-dopped length of fiber is pumped by high
energy at 980-1480 nm, the atomic process makes energy
available to light in the 1550 nm, from excited electrons in the
Erbium.
 The excited electrons, in 1550 nm range, give off photons of
the same wavelength, phase and direction of the original
photons.
 Gain profile depends on the incoming signal wavelengths and
the signal power.
 Even though amplification is optical, the pump lasers require
electrical power.
Wide range of optical amplifiers available for 1830 PSS.

Application:
 Access area
 Metro networks
 Long-haul
 Ultra long-haul
 All amplifiers terminate the Optical Supervisory Channel (OSC)

 Support for up to 88 channels
 Some OAs have mid-stage access for Dispersion Compensation Module (DCM)
(allowing a dispersion compensating fiber to be placed at the amplifier mid-stage)
 Applications with only coherent traffic (40G/100G/200G) do not need DCM (without
mid-stage access)
 Same OA types may be used as Ingress or Egress
 Automatic Power Reduction (APR) to reduce the chance of damage, if there is a line
cut in the network
 For long spans, RAMAN amplification can be added to the OA.
RAMAN amplifiers
RA2P :
 Circuit pack in the NE
 Managed as part of the
NE
Provides an extra signal boost to  Full-height, one slot pack
cover spans of 40dB and more.  Support two pumps (1425
RAMAN pumps use their own internal nm / 1454 nm)
 Each pump delivers up
APR based on the OSC-> remove OSC
to 320 mW output power
shuts down RAMAN pump
measured at the
faceplate.
 25 dBm per pump, total
RA5P: output of 28 dBm
 Use of the high capacity
A five-wavelength Raman amplifier fan unit controlled by the
pack; the five pumps will provide gain shelf.
over the entire C + L band. Released
for PSS-16II and PSS-32.
RAMAN amplifiers
RAMAN amplifiers
RA2P-96 Raman Amplifier
 Easy migration from RA2P by single command

 Supports up to 96 channels C-Band
 Delivers additional boost => LongHaul
 Optimized gain flattening filter
 ODTR port for automatic turn up of Raman pump
RAMAN amplifiers
HARDWARE_DESCRIPTION_FILTERS
Table of Contents
 Building blocks - Filter

 Colorless Wavelength Router (CWR)
 Wavelength Router (WR)
 Integrated ROADM: iROADMF AND iROADMV
 OMD and SFD
Colorless Wavelength Router (CWR)
The Wavelength routers perform routing of one

or several wavelengths to or from different ports.
Two types available:

 CWR (Colorless wavelength router) -> provide colorless
add drop ports
 WR (Wavelength routers) ->provide unidirectional ports
which are not colorless.

CWR8/CWR8-88 colorless wavelength router:
 It routes optical channels (single configurable

wavelength or a set of configurable wavelengths)
between OTS lines and colorless add/drop points
 2 slots wide and full height
 Provides ROADM and TOADM architecture function
(for add/drop of selected wavelength)
 Supports drop, through, and add path, Wavelength
Tracker monitor points
 Crucial for meshed networks: paths are established
so that a channel entering on one optical line can exit
on any of the other CWR8/CWR8-88 optical lines.
 CWR8/8B routes up to 44 channels
 CWR8-88 routes up to 88 channels (with ILTB that
Multiplexes/de-multiplexes even and odd channels)
CWR8 block diagram

1x9 Wavelength Selective
Switch (WSS): it allows
configurable add/drop of
selected wavelengths
8 optical colorless ports:

support colorless
add/drop and multiple
degree interconnections,
all at the optical level.
OMD port (Optical multiplex and de-

multiplex): to connect static filters to
support ROADM applications and Drop
and Continue applications.
CWR8-88 block diagram
NOTE: Unlike CWR8, CWR8-88 uses 50 GHz spacing.

Wavelength Router (WR)
WR8-88A wavelength router:
 Wavelength router card with add-side 9x1 WSS

 2-slot wide, full height
 Provides multiple directions: supports up to degree 5 mesh
connections without additional MESH4 card or up to 8 degree
using the MESH4 card
 Any-direction configurations
 Routes up to 88 channels (with ILTU that multiplexes/de-
multiplexes even and odd channels), not colorless, unidirectional
ports.
 WR8-88AF wavelength router:

 Supports flex grid ROADM application.
WR8-88A:
 Drop Out through the ITLU and SFD44/SFD44B

 Mesh Out are three ports to the MESH4 card (see next slide) for up to 8
degrees in mesh configurations
 Eight ADD IN ports to the 9x1 WSS for eight add channels
 THRU IN and OUT for pass through.
MESH4 1x4 mesh extension pack
 It is a uni-directional pack that: monitors & amplifies an input signal

and splits it into four outputs
 It is used to split the MESHOUT signal from a WR8-88 pack into four
unidirectional signals.
Legend:
1 LEDs STATUS
2 LAN interface
3 SIG(IN/OUT1) interface
4 /5/6 SIG(OUT2/3/4) interfaces
7 LEDs SIG IN
WR2-88 wavelength router:
 2-channel wavelength router

 Can be used in a ROADM node up to 2 degrees maximum
with WR2-88
 Supports 88 channels on a 50 GHz grid:
The thru path always has 50 GHz channel spacing, though a
user may choose to use the add/drop port for 50 GHz or 100
GHz spaced channels
 ITLB is required for 50 GHz channel spaced add/drop
 ITLB is not required for 100 GHz channel spaced add/drop
 OTs with fixed channel XFPs not used with a WR2 88
 Can be installed in 1830 PSS-16/32
1. LEDs STATUS
2. INV interface
3. SIG interface
4. THRU interface
5. DROP/ADD interface
WR2-88
Integrated ROADM
Single slot, full height module

Supports 2D to 4D ROADM configurations
2 card types:
 Short spans IROADMF
 Fixed Gain ingress/egress amplifiers
 Long span IROADMV

 Variable Gain ingress amplifier (Fixed
Gain on the egress).
Integrated ROADM
IROADMF:
 Short spans (FGOAM ingress amplifier

and egress) . suitable for spans of up to
~50 km
IROADMV:
 Long span (VGOAM ingress amplifier) -

suitable for spans of up to 100 km
OMD and SFD
The Static filters perform optical multiplexing.

The connected single client wavelengths are
multiplexed into DWDM or CWDM signals, or
demultiplexed from the WDM signals.
Optical Mux Demux (OMD)/Static Filter

Device (SFD) and Interleaver ITLB or ITLU
OMD and SFD
 SFD44 is a device mounted

externally to the 1830 PSS shelves in
its own 2RU (one rack unit height)
shelf or flex shelf.
 SFD40 is a device mounted
externally to the 1830 PSS shelves in
its own 1 RU (one rack unit height)
shelf or flex shelf.
OMD and SFD
SFD44/SFD44B:
 MUX/DEMUX up to 44 C-band DWDM

channels onto a single fiber.
 SFD44 refers to 44 even channels in a 88
DWDM channel environment.
 SFD44B uses the 44 odd channels in the
scenario.
OMD and SFD
Interleaver ITLB - Bidirectional:
 Optimized for TOADM with CWR

 Usage in combination with
SFD44/44B/40/40B
 Combination & DEMUX of 44
wavelength signals (100GHz spacing)
 SFD44B/40B signals have an offset of
50GHz to SFD44/40 signals
 Odd & even sets of signals form single
group of 88 channels (50GHz spacing).
OMD and SFD
Interleaver ITLU - Unidirectional:
 Unidirectional Interleaver Card

Optimized T/ROADM & WR8-88A
 DEMUX of 88 odd & even channels
 50GHz spacing
OMD and SFD
SFD5 or SFD8:
 SFD5: for 5 DWDM C-band wavelengths

 8 SFD5 types for whole C-band
 SFD5: MUX/DEMUX for 5 consecutive ITU-T
channels
 Pass-through of all other bands
 SFD8 for 8 channel DWDM applications.
HARDWARE_DESCRIPTION_OT
Table of Contents
 Optical Transponder (OT)

 Optical protection
 OPSA and OPSB circuit packs
 Optical sub network connection protection Y-cable
 E-SNCP w/OT cards
Optical Transponder (OT)
o Optical Transponder (OT) functionality:

Optical-Electrical-Optical (O-E-O) signal processing
o Adaptation of client information to a carrier information
structure
o Multiplexing of client signals onto a carrier
o Cross-connection or protection
o Maintenance/monitoring
o Data communication function.
o Wavelength Tracker
o Client side & line side, eVOA optional.
11STAR1
Optical protection
OPSA and OPSB circuit packs
Optical Protection Switch (OPS) cards for photonic protection

in DWDM configurations
It allows 1+1 dedicated OCh protection for any optical signal.
OPS cards are OPSA or OPSB
 OPSA: used for line-side protection

 OPSB: used for client-side protection (OPSB card
connects to client ports of 2 different OTs).
OPS switching is non-revertive
 Protection switching less than 50 ms

 Autonomous switching based on input LOS
 Lockout, forced, and manual switching are supported
Optical protection
OPSA vs. OPSB:
 OPSA has VOA after splitter,

OPSB does not
 OPSB switching is non-latching

Optical protection
Optical sub network connection protection Y-cable
 Transmit and receive are

packaged together on each end
in a single module
 Each Y-cable has a common
input + a pair of outputs for the
transmit direction and a pair of
inputs + a common output for
the receive side
E-SNCP w/OT cards
MANAGEMENT_INTERFACES
Table of Contents
 1830PSS Networking
 Communications network
 Addresses
 Communications network IP addressing example
 Supported Management Systems
 1830PSS WDM management tools
 Loopback IP and OCS IP addresses
 OAMP IP Addresses
 Command Line Interface (CLI)
Communications network
1830PSS support TCP/IP and related OSPF protocol routing

The basic communications network architecture for the 1830PSS NE includes:
 User Panel LAN interfaces
 ECC (Embedded Communication channels)
 OSC (Optical Supervisory Channel) interfaces
 GCC (General Communications Channel) interfaces
 GNE (Gateway Network Element)
User Panel LAN interfaces include:
 OAMP
 VoIP
 CIT (on EC in PSS-32)
 E1 and E2
Communications network
Adresses
 Loopback IP address
 Management Address for each 1830 PSS. Can be an IPv4 or IPv6 address.
 OAMP LAN Address
 External DCN access. Connection to the management system. Can be an IPv4 or
IPv6 address.
 GMRE Node IP address
 For GMPLS protocol
 GMRE Notify IP addresses
 2nd IP address for a GMPLS network
 E1 & E2 addresses
 E1 & E2 LAN ports connectivity to external device. E2 not available for PSS-8.
 VOIP
 address used for IP phone access. Not on PSS-8.
 CIT
 Local craft terminal connection (default 172.16.0.1)
Communications network IP addressing
example
Supported Management Systems
WebUI
Web User Interface (WebUI):
 Provides web-based access to the network element (NE)

 WebUI supports provisioning, administration, performance monitoring, and display of
alarms and conditions from the NE.
WebUI hardware requirements:
 Laptop or desktop computer capable of running the required software

 Ethernet card (10/100 Mb/s recommended)
 Recommended monitor capable of 1024x768 or greater resolution.
WebUI
WebUI system properties screen

WebUI
Equipment tree: hierarchical structure to navigate though the NE equipment (Shelf,

Slot/Card, ports).
The Display panel is synchronized with select object
WebUI
Menu bar has all the below functions (related to the selected packs in the equipment tree):
- Provision/Info: to get information about the selected packs. In addition it allows to set
card provisioning, switch or Reboot .
- Performance: to get performance monitoring data
- Test/Analysis: to setup loopback or test LEDs
- Fault: to see/manage alarms reporting.
Loopback IP and OCS IP addresses
Loopback IP and OCS IP addresses
OAMP IP Addresses
In case NE acts as a Gateway Network Element (GNE), the NE address of OAMP port
has been setup.
The NE can connect to a NMS through the OAMP port if it is to act as a Gateway Network
Element (GNE).
OAMP IP Addresses
Command Line Interface (CLI)
Command Line Interface (CLI):
 Line-oriented user interface on the NE

 User can access the CLI using a terminal
device connected to the NE
 CLI provides commands that allow the
user to configure, manage, and monitor
the NE, the NE interfaces, and the
services running on the NE
NE SETUP AND SYSTEM TURNUP
Table of Contents
1830PSS SWDM - NE Provisioning

 Mandatory equipment
 Non-mandatory equipment
 Administrative and Service States
 Shelf provisioning
 Provisioning sequence
 System turn-up
 Provisioning Architecture
 Commissioning –type of networks
Mandatory equipment
The mandatory equipment in each 1830 PSS WDM shelf includes:
Fan
USRPNL
EC PF
Non-mandatory equipment
Non-mandatory modules can be grouped into categories such as core optics, optical
transponder, and miscellaneous modules :
 Core optics modules such as..

o Line Drivers (LDs) and optical amplifiers
o Wavelength Tracker Optical Channel Monitor (WTOCM)
o Colorless / directionless wavelength routers (CWR8 & CWR8-88 colorless, WR8-88A,
WR8-88AF, iROADM)
o Static DWDM filter and interleaver modules (SFD5, SFD8, SFD40, SFD40B,SFD44,
SFD44B, ITLB, ITLU)
o Optical Transponders (OTs)
o Additionally for CDC-F WR20-TFM, AAR-8A, and MCS8-16 and for C-F WR20-TF and
PSC 1-6 are also core optics module.
 Miscellaneous modules such as.
o Optical Protection Switch (OPS) module, Single Variable Attenuator Card (SVAC),
Multiple Variable Attenuator Card (MVAC), Octal Variable Attenuation Card (MVAC8B)
Administrative and Service States
 Administrative states -> Management of service states of equipment
 Administrative states consist of :
 PST (Primary State). Indicates current primary state of the specified equipment entity.
 SST (Secondary State). It indicates any secondary states associated with the
equipment entity.
Primary states
 IS (In service)
 IS-NR (In service, Normal)
 IS-ANR (In service, Abnormal)
 OOS-AU(Out of service, Autonomous)
 OOS-MA (Out of service, Management)
 OOS-AUMA(Out of service, Autonomous and Management)
Primary states
 IS (In service). Normal operational state of an entity. Normally is related to equipment

entity.
 IS-NR (In service, Normal). Normal operational state of an entity. Normally is related to
facilities.
 IS-ANR (In service, Abnormal). The entity is still capable to provide most of its
functions, but it is operating in a degraded or abnormal state.
 OOS-AU(Out of service, Autonomous). The entity is out of service because of failure
and can not perform its intended function.
 OOS-MA (Out of service, Management). The entity has been placed out of service
intentionally by a management action.
 OOS-AUMA(Out of service, Autonomous and Management). The entity is not
available because of both failure and management action.
Shelf provisioning
Main and Extension supported combinations, non-universal shelf numbering starts

from 25 to 64
Shelf provisioning
Shelves supported:
 PSS-8/16II/16/32
 Optical Multiplex/Demultiplex (OMD)
 Dispersion Compensation (DCM)
 Interleaver (ITLB / ITLU)
 The maximum number of shelves is 24 (PSS-32)
 One PSS-16 is supported standalone configuration can be used as the master shelf
with PSS-32 with up to 8 PSS-32 extension shelves
 The maximum number of OMD/DCM shelves is 40
Shelves:
 On each PSS-32 or PSS-16 shelf, a shelf ID number and a shelf role are settable
through a physical mechanism (rotary dial) on the user panel backplane, PSS-32 and
the fan tray of the PSS-16.
 Up to 8 bits of information can be set. The rotary dial for each shelf must be set to a
valid value, and the value must be unique within the same NE.
Shelf provisioning
Subrack ID module: 2 rotary switches -> unique identity for each subrack.
Where?
 PSS-16II/32: behind the User panel
 PSS-8/16: on the fan unit
Shelf provisioning
 OMD Shelf:
 The OMD is modeled by the system; as a shelf of type SFD, with one fixed slot
containing a card of type SFD44/SFD44BSFD40/SFD40B:
 SFD44/44B/40/44B are passive stand-alone rack-mounted devices that are not slot-
resident.
 DCM Shelf:
 DCM is modeled in the same way; as a shelf of type DCM, with one fixed slot
containing a card of type DCM:
 DCM is a passive rack-mounted device that is not slot-resident
 Up to 16 DCMs (depending on size) can reside together in a shelf-like housing (flex
shelf) with no backplane. DCMs provide optical line-level dispersion compensation to
LD amplifier circuit packs.
 ITLB/ITLU:
 Interleavers are passive rack-devices required for 88 channel support, installed in the
same Flex Shelf as the DCMs.
 Provisioning:
 Provisioning shelf ID for OMD and DCM shelves starts at 25 and can be in the range
of 25-64.
 It is defined solely by an optical connection fiber assignment.
Provisioning sequence
Standalone NE Provisioning :
1. Install the circuit pack (the mandatory ones and possibly the planned requested
not-mandatory equipments)
2. Connect to the NE and initialize the database (CLI access)
3. Configure the software environment and load. Commit the software
4. Set NE SDH mode (if applicable)
5. Set TID
6. Set Loopback address (WebUI access)
7. Configure GNE for Management Access (WebUI access)
8. Insert duplicate Equipment Controller (EC) (optional)
9. Set NE time or Set NTP
10.Connect inventory cables. You should connect the inventory cables one at a time
while you are connected to the WebUI and watch the shelves come up in the proper
order
11.Disable Extension Shelf (ES) port monitoring (if applicable) (*)
12.Verify NE provisioning
Provisioning Architecture
Commissioning - type of networks
 1830 PSS network must be decomposed by the EPT user into

rings or point-to-point systems.
 Each system has to be commissioned separately.
MAINTENANCE_TRACKER_ALARMS_LOGS
Table of Contents
 Wavelength Tracker
 Wavelength Tracker to monitor services
 Wave Key reusability
 Long-haul Wavelength Tracker
 Wavelength Tracker data with CLI
 WT view example (WebUI)
 Wave keys report (WebUI)
 Alarms & Logs
 Network surveillance
 Fault detection
 Alarm LEDs PSS-32/16
 Alarm list using WebUI
 Logs
Wavelength Tracker
Wavelength Tracker to monitor services
Wavelength Tracker:
 Encodes a unique identifier onto a signal as it enters the network
 Detect the identifier at various points in the network
 Consists of a pair of numbers (wave keys)
 Wave keys assigned to a wavelength (unique in the network)
 Unique wave key pair assigned for circuits or optical trails => wave keys are
unique even if the same wavelength is used.
Applications:
 Wavelength path power trace
 Optical power management
 Fault isolation
Wavelength Tracker
Encoding Wavelength Tracker identifiers

Wavelength Tracker
Tunable transponders: WTOCM:

 Built-in  For LH perf
Pluggable transponders:
 Pluggable transponders include
WT-SFP with fast VOAs,
Alien wavelength:
 SVAC
 MVAC + pluggable WT-SFP
Wavelength Tracker
Key reusability
 The NE supports reuse of WT key pairs for trail instances.

 The rekey with duplicate capability allows an operator to clear a key duplicate alarm
from a network.
 New alarms are associated with this feature:
 A new WT encoder port condition is used to indicate if no keys can be selected, given
the rules for auto-keying that apply to the channel being keyed. The operator uses this
condition to understand whether:
 All possible Wave Key combinations have been assigned for the OCh frequency
of the channel so rekeying with duplicates allowed is necessary for key selection
 A new cross-connect end-point condition is used to indicate if two instances of the
same WT keys are provisioned on the same node:
 This condition is informational only and has a severity of not alarmed.
 The information is provided in case a network operator wants to minimize the
amount of key reuse on a single NE.
Wavelength Tracker
Long-haul Wavelength Tracker
 Wavelength Tracker types supported:
 Standard Wavelength Tracker (WT), for regional applications.

 Long-haul Wavelength Tracker (LH-WT), for long-haul ->
o Target reach of 2200KM at 10G and 1100 KM at 40G
o Supported by WTCOM card (connected to the external facing LD on a optical
line. One WTCOM can provide LH-WT for any 2 LDs
o Unkeyed optical channels are not supported by the WTOCM
o ILAs do not use WTOCM cards
 Each line within an optical node, and each endpoint on an OMS span, must be
configured with the same WT capability, either long haul (with WTOCM), or standard
(without WTOCM).
Wavelength Tracker
Long-haul applications with the presence of SRS (stimulated RAMAN scattering)

Wavelength Tracker, WTOCM/WTOCMA is required to accurately control power levels.
Wavelength Tracker
Wavelength Tracker data with CLI
Example of WT parameter data (from CLI):
 ITU Channel: 28
 Expected WaveKey 1: 334
 Expected WaveKey 2: 878
 WaveKeys Received: Yes
 Channel AINS: Disabled
 Expected Power: -7 dBm
 Power Deviation: 1 dB
 Power Tolerance: 0.00 dB
 Measured Power: -6.98 dBm
Wavelength Tracker
Alarms & Logs
Network surveillance
Remote surveillance centers for monitoring and maintenance:
 Have access to NEs

 Remote diagnosis of raised alarms and conditions
 Enable remote support to onsite personnel.
Alarms are the primary indicators of problems
 Alarm condition with notification level (severity): Critical (CR), Major (MJ), Minor (MN)
or Warning (WR)
 Active & historical alarm management by CLI, WebUI & NMS (NMS)
 Information by local LED indicators
 WebUI & NMS provide => graphical view
 Current & historical events, diagnostics, performance-monitoring statistics & visual
alarm indicators.
Alarms & Logs
NE provides the following fault detection functionalities
Fault Monitoring
Performance Monitoring
Event logs
Alarms & Logs
1830 supports two modes for alarm reporting: SONET and SDH. The mode of alarm
reporting is defined by the system level MODE parameter. When in SONET mode alarm
reporting follows the requirements defined in GR-253 while SDH reporting follows
recommendations G.7710 & M.20.
Alarms & Logs
Alarm list using WebUI
Alarms on Reports  Alarm List  Total.

Current, pending alarms.
Alarms & Logs
Alarm level details
Alarms & Logs
Alarm conditions can be viewed by selecting Reports  Condition List.

Alarms & Logs
Logs
Log = time-stamped record of events
Logs show:
 Changes of state
 Provisioning or configuration changes
made by users
 Raising and clearing of alarms
 The detection of software faults
Logs do not include user queries.

Alarms & Logs
Viewing logs
Logs can be viewed by selecting Reports  Log  All Logs

Alarms & Logs
Alarm view Reports  Logs  Alarms.

Report of logs on all alarms events (both raise and clear)
Card missing alarm raised at 08:47:56 AM and cleared few seconds later->
this alarm is no more present in the .Alarm list. of previous slide
MAINTENANCE_PERFORMANCE_MANAGEMENT
Table of Contents
 Loopbacks
 Performing a loopback
 Database backup
 Performance monitoring
 Performance monitoring
 Performance monitoring - WebUI
 PM thresholds
 Tandem Connection Monitoring
Loopbacks
Loopbacks overview
2 basic types of loopbacks: Line (facilities) loopback & Terminal loopback

Loopbacks
Performing a loopback
To perform a loopback, first put the port in Maintenance state

Loopbacks
Performing a loopback
Database backup
1830 PSS SWDM maintains all the configuration data in an active, non-volatile memory
database (flash memory card) hosted by EC of the Master shelf.
The following procedures are available (through the WebUI or NMS):
 Backup a database file on a RFS (Remote File Server)

 Restore the database file from a RFS
 The database is transferred from RFS to NE
 The database file is validated (checked) and restored
 Finally the NE automatically restart and the restored database becomes the
active one
Database backup
Performance monitoring
 PM statistics => counts or measurements of significant information.

 Goal: gauging the signal quality & equipment health
 Historical view of NE performance
 TCA alarming
 Performance monitoring on physical and logical points within the 1830
PSS NE
 Statistics grouped by functional category with several monitored
parameters
Collection Point configuration
PM historical view
EC PM data provides statistics on resource utilization

OTU or Client ports Baseline

PM thresholds
SONET/SDH error occurs => attribute counter in active bin 0 incremented or updated
Profile configuration & assignment for monitoring the attribute parameter values in the
active bin
=> define threshold level to raise a log event
8 profiles for PM group / all profiles can have threshold levels
 Testing threshold levels:
 Every five minutes for optical power groups
 Every ten seconds for all other PM groups
 TCAs clear: if the 24h measurement period ends and at the end of a 15min
measurement
Performance monitoring settings

Profile details:
Tandem Connection Monitoring
Tandem Connection Monitoring
 Tandem Connection Monitoring (TCM) enables the transmission of bytes for

connection monitoring within a network and across the boundaries of different network
operators. With up to six layers of TCM, it is much more sophisticated than in
SDH/SONET with one single TCM layer.TCM allows performance monitoring for OTN
client services.
 TCM support on ODUk structures within Ots:
 TCM support on ODUk structures within OTs. 11QPA4 OT in the PSS-32, PSS-16,
and PSS-4 have TCM support on ODUk structures.
 End-top-end interworking and TCM monitoring is shall be provided between Photonic
and OCS domain.
 TCM support includes the related fault and performance monitoring.
 The current release supports up to three configurable TCM ODUkT or ODUkT-NIM
functions per ODUk.
 The user can configure any three out of six TCM layers.
 Enable/disable performance monitoring accumulation to limit the overall number of
performance monitoring points in the node.
MAINTENANCE_REPLACEMENT
 Table of Contents
o Replacing packs and pluggables

o Replacement of circuit packs
o Replacing an SFP module
o Air filter replacement (1830 PSS-32)
o Air filter replacement (1830 PSS-16)
Replacing packs and pluggables
Replacement of circuit packs
Preliminary operations:
I. Set the fan to maximum speed (FAN > Card Properties > Fan Speed >
Maximum ) Remove sub-rack cover
II. Remove all fiber connected and check you have unobstructed extraction path .
Card Extraction
I. Unlock the card latch: open the latch

by lifting up and out (A and B)
II. Grasp the card by the open latch
and slide the card out of the slot. Use
a gentle pulling force to unseat the
card from the backplane(C)
Replacement of circuit packs
New Card Insertion
I. Grasp new card with one hand on the faceplate and

the other on the bottom of the card’s Printed Circuit
Board.
II. Align the card.s PCB with card guides and slide the
card into the slot. Use gentle force to fully seat the card
on the backplane (A )
III. Lock the card into place by closing the latches
(continue to close the latches until they are flush with the
card faceplate) (B)
IV. Set the fan back to normal speed (FAN>Card
Properties > Fan Speed>Normal)
V. Once the port LEDs on the card have lit up, uncap,
clean, and reconnect the fibers
Replacing an SFP module
Extraction:
I. Ensure that all of the fibers connected are labeled

and remove (and cap) them
II. Insert SFP extraction tool into SFP
III. Gently push in bottom wedge on SFP extraction tool
to release SFP retention spring.
IV. Pull on body of SFP extraction tool to remove SFP
Insertion
I. Slide the replacement SFP module into

the SFP slot. Push on the front of the SFP
module (until you hear a .click. sound)
II. Reinsert the fibers
Air filter replacement (1830 PSS-32)
Air for cooling the 1830 PSS-32/16 is drawn through the air
filter.
->It has to be replaced or cleaned every 3 months or sooner
if necessary.
I. Some shelves will come equipped with the air filter
retainer
II. Pull the left and right plungers to release the air filter
retainer bracket. Move it to its lowest position to expose the
air filter
III. Pull the air filter removal tabs to remove the air filter.
Air filter replacement (1830 PSS-32)
IV. Slide the air filter onto the tracks on the left and right side of
the air filter retainer
V. Gently raise the air filter retainer, until it locks into place
ADMINISTRATION
Table of Contents
NE administration
1830 PSS administration tasks
o NE accounts and privileges
o NE admin tasks WebUI
o Configuring user accounts
o Security
o Security features
o Setting SNMP (WebUI)
o Setting security (WebUI)
o User accounts
o Software upgrade
NE administration
1830 PSS administration tasks

NE administration
NE administration involves:
 Security management:
 User Login Management: Can be administrated from the NMS, WebUI, TL1, or
CLI interfaces
 Encrypted Mode and Secure Shell: SSH provides encrypted access to a NE. An
SSH server running on the NE is responsible for setting up an encrypted
channel for each user session.
 SNMP authentication:
 The local NE can authenticate and authorize users based on SNMP.
 The NE can disable/enable sending of SNMP authentication failure traps.
 Software management:
 Software download supports Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) data
transfer. In this case, the NE communicates with an external SSH server
running the software repository machine. SFTP support is also available for
backup and restore.
NE administration
NE accounts and privileges

Highest level Full execution rights
Full access Complete user administration
Typical user privilege Provisioning & testing
System configuration No user account handling

NE administration
NE accounts and privileges

Typical for technical experts Only 1 service account per NE
No user administration Similar to admin

Special privilege for software
Special privilege for debugging development tools
Read-only privilege Not for secure functions
For monitoring For training

NE administration
NE admin tasks WebUI

NE administration
Configuring user accounts
 The 1830 PSS user management capability allows an administrator to perform the
following functions (using either CLI, WebUI, or NMS commands):
 Adding a user
 Deleting a user
 Retrieving and editing user privileges
 Enabling/disabling a user
 Editing user settings
 The following procedures are available via the WebUI after the user initially connects
to the NE and logs into the system:
 View or modify user details
 Create a user
 Delete a user.
Security
Security features
Groups of security functionalities:
 RADIUS server support for User Authentication

 User Login management
 Encrypted Mode and Secure Shell
 Crypto Key Management for Encrypted Data Exchange
 Encrypted File Transfer for Database Backup/Restore and SW Download
Security
Security features
 Local NE authentication
 SNMP authentication
 SNMP trap destinations
 SNMP community strings
Setting SNMP
Setting security
LOGO

1830PSS 16 - 32 Operation and Maintenance

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1830PSS

(Photonic Service Switch)

4 MAINTENANCE AND ADMINISTRATION

1830PSS (PHOTONIC SERVICE SWITCH)-16/32

Upon completion of this course, you should be able to:

 Identify the 1830 PSS portfolio

1830 PSS family

 Network view from access to the core

1830 PSS features overview

 Key functions and features

Network view from access to the core

Network view from access to the core

 Scalable Line: 4G, 11G, 43G, 65G, Configurations:

FOADM ROADM TOADM CDC-F

SFD WR/IROADM CWR WR-TFM

 No Flexibility  More Flexibility o Adv. Flexibility

Comparative architecture: ROADM, C-F, C-D and CDC-F

1830 PSS-8 1830PSS 16/16II 1830PSS 32 1830PSS 24x

 SWDM NE: 1 master shelf; up to 23 extension shelves

 1 SWDM NE must be main NE

SWDM NE configuration as Main NE in a cluster

SWDM NE configuration as Tributary NE in a cluster

 OTH basic review

Block Diagram for UNI:

Block Diagram for NNI:

Upon completion of this module, you should be able to:

 1830 PSS WDM - High level functional blocks

Flex-grid ROADM CDC-F

Tunable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (TOADM)

Tunable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (TOADM)

Tunable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (TOADM)

Integrated Metro ROADM (iROADM)

Fixed Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (FOADM)

A fixed filter architecture (there are several variations of FOADMs:

In Line Amplifier (ILA)

ILAs are DWDM only

F/T/R OADM and directionless benefits

Composed of: SFD/SFC

Ring interconnection and meshed

Degrees 2 – TOADM configuration (44 channel)

Degrees 2 – TOADM configuration (88 channels)

Degrees 4 – TOADM configuration (44 channel)

Degrees 2-5 – ROADM configuration (88 channel)

• Optical Line Protection (OLP) protects only the optical lines.

• Optical Sub-block Network Connection Protection (O-SNCP) is performed by a Y-cable and

Protects the optical lines->

Optical Multiplexer Section Protection (OMSP):

Optical Physical Section protection (OPS)

Protection of alien wavelengths

1+1 Optical Sub-block Network Connection Protection (O-SNCP):

 It Protects against Fiber, Amplifier, Filter, and Transponder failure

Optical Physical Section (OPS) protection:

1830 PSS-32 shelf

 32 paired half-height application

1830 PSS-16 shelf

 16 paired half-height application cards

1830 PSS-8 Shelf

 Scalable metro access/aggregation shelf

Common building blocks

1830 PSS-32 Universal Shelf

1830 PSS-32 Shelf

Three shelves can fit into a standard 7-foot rack.