LAB

Course Code: CSE - 308

Course Title: Data Communication Lab

EXPERIMENT No: 01

DATE OF SUBMISSION: 19-02-2021

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

Mr. Montaser Abdul Quader
Lecturer,
Department of CSE
GREEN UNIVERSITY OF BANGLADESH
Kawser Ahmed
STUDENT ID: 191002084
BATCH NO: 191, SECTION: 192-DC
Department of CSE
GREEN UNIVERSITY OF BANGLADESH

REMARKS:
Data communications refers to the transmission of this digital data
between two or more computers and a computer network or data network
is a telecommunications network that allows computers to exchange data.
The physical connection between networked computing devices is
established using either cable media or wireless media. The best-known
computer network is the Internet.

'IP' stands for 'Internet Protocol'. There are two versions of IP that
currently coexist in the global Internet: IP version 4 (IPv4) and IP version 6
(IPv6). IP addresses are made up of binary values and drive the routing of
all data over the Internet. IPv4 addresses are 32 bits long, and IPv6
addresses 128 bits long.

Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) is the fourth version of the Internet Protocol
(IP). It is one of the core protocols of standards-based internetworking
methods in the Internet and other packet-switched networks. IPv4 was the
first version deployed for production on SATNET in 1982 and on the
ARPANET in January 1983.

Classful addressing is a network addressing the Internet's architecture

from 1981 till Classless Inter-Domain Routing was introduced in 1993.

This addressing method divides the IP address into five separate

classes based on four address bits.

Here, classes A, B, C offers addresses for networks of three distinct network

sizes. Class D is only used for multicast, and class E reserved exclusively
for experimental purposes.

Classless Addressing is an improved IP Addressing system. It makes

the allocation of IP Addresses more efficient. It replaces the older
classful addressing system based on classes. It is also known as
Classless Inter Domain Routing (CIDR).

Network Address Translation (NAT) is designed for IP address conservation.

It enables private IP networks that use unregistered IP addresses to connect
to the Internet. NAT operates on a router, usually connecting two networks
together, and translates the private (not globally unique) addresses in the
internal network into legal addresses, before packets are forwarded to another
network.
As part of this capability, NAT can be configured to advertise only one
address for the entire network to the outside world. This provides additional
security by effectively hiding the entire internal network behind that address.
NAT offers
the dual functions of security and address conservation and is
typically implemented in remote-access environments.
Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is the most recent version of the Internet
Protocol (IP), the communications protocol that provides an identification
and location system for computers on networks and routes traffic across the
Internet.